Power Systems - Science topic

Building-to-grid (B2G) integration transforms buildings into active components of the electricity grid, enhancing dynamic energy management and optimizing usage to reduce operational costs and carbon emissions. However, existing modeling tools for building and power systems often overlook or oversimplify the interactions between power system dynami...

The mismatch between production and consumption and concern for providing the energy needed in the power grid has always been one of the problems of grid operators. Also, large-scale electricity production has always been a costly and polluting industry. Therefore, engineers and power generation companies have always been looking for a cheap and cl...

The integration of distributed generation (DG) and short circuit analysis affects the radial distribution power system in terms of voltage profile, line loss and short circuit levels. This paper investigates the impact of DG placement and sizing with security analysis in the IEEE 33-bus distribution system. Modified Whale Optimization Algorithm (MW...

This paper presents a novel meta-heuristic optimization method called flow direction algorithm (FDA) to achieve optimal coordination of Directional Overcurrent Relays (DOCRs) while considering the impact of Arc Flash (AF). The coordination between relays plays a significant role in the protection scheme of modern power systems, and achieving it is...

The fluctuating frequency in a power grid is the major stability challenge due to the unpredictable power de­mand of customers during the time. To address this issue, an automatic generation controller (AGC) is employed. The AGC based on a proportional integral derivative (PID) approach is popularly utilised owing to its soft implementation and low...

Multilateral benefits for actors in the power system and energy market integration of electric vehicles (EVs) are crucial for a sustainable electrification of the transport sector. The overarching goal of this integration is to meet the EV energy demand at low cost for end users, while maximizing the use of renewable energy for charging. In liberal...

As a promising technology, grid-forming (GFM) converters can provide voltage and frequency support in grid-connected mode, and power local loads in islanded mode. Multiple GFM converters connected to the same point of common coupling (PCC) should not only ensure harmonic current sharing, but also reduce the PCC voltage harmonics. Most of the existi...

Transmission lines are a key part of the power system because they carry power from one end to the other. In case of a fault, the power transfer is perturbed, and the equipments on generation side as well as on the load side can get damaged. Transmission lines carry power from generation end to load end, so it is very important to keep the transmis...

Background: Cerebrovascular accident, commonly known as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis represent significant neurological conditions affecting millions globally. Stroke remains the third leading cause of death worldwide and significantly impacts patients’ hand functionality, making hand rehabilitation crucial for improving qual...

The increasing demand for renewable energy as an alternative to fossil fuels has driven innovations in hybrid power systems. This study focuses on optimizing a hybrid energy system for a floating lift net utilizing solar panels (photovoltaic) and a backup generator managed by an Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS). The ATS system is designed to automat...

The integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) into conventional power grids has given rise to smart grids, which oversee electrical power distribution, generation, and utilization. Despite their benefits, smart grids face communication challenges due to various abnormalities. Detecting these anomalies is crucial for identifyin...

The conventional unidirectional power flow model of centralized energy grids is being revolutionized by integrating renewable energy sources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) systems, to meet the escalating demand for electricity while ensuring sustainability. However, this integration challenges the efficiency and performance of power systems and im...

In the context of the integration of hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) and electric vehicles (EVs), this paper investigates the load frequency control (LFC) issue of the power system. Weighting coefficients are set for the generators, HESSs and EVs, respectively, to show their different abilities to regulate the power system. A fuzzy logic-base...

Ensuring the stability of complex power system models is a critical challenge in the field of electrical power engineering, and the tuning of Power System Stabilizers (PSS) plays a pivotal role in this endeavor. Modelica, an open-access modeling language, emerges as a powerful tool for this purpose due to its distinctive features that facilitate ef...

This paper focuses on enhancing power system operations at the injection substation through the integration of renewable energy, modelled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The study explores the incorporation of photovoltaic (PV) systems and energy storage solutions (ESS) to improve the substation’s operational efficiency and reliability. By sim...

Vendors of power system simulation tools are investigating the incorporation of actual controller code into specialized simulation environments. To facilitate this, IEEE and CIGRE have collaboratively created the IEEE/CIGRE DLL Modeling Standard. However, adoption by simulation tool providers has been minimal. The limited adoption is because 'real...

In recent years, the global power industry has experienced rapid development, with significant advancements in the source, network, load sectors, and energy storage technologies. The secure, reliable, and economical operation of power systems is a critical challenge. Due to the stochastic nature of intermittent renewable energy generation and the c...

To improve the adaptability of grid load collaborative scheduling, a multi-objective collaborative scheduling method based on a simulated annealing algorithm for the load storage of grid loads on the load side of a new power system is proposed. Local bus transmission technology is adopted to collect the dynamic parameters of energy network load ene...

As concerns over climate change grow and large-scale introduction of variable renewable energy is expected in many countries, the importance of energy storage systems is more strongly recognized than ever before. While batteries have been one of the most widely preferred storage methods, the use of thermal storage technology is also beginning to at...

Nanogrids are becoming an essential part of modern home power systems, offering sustainable solutions for residential areas. These medium-to-low voltage, small-scale grids, operating at medium-to-low voltage, enable the integration of distributed energy resources such as wind turbines, solar photovoltaics, and battery energy storage systems. Howeve...

The short-circuit (SC) robustness of SiC MOSFETs is critical for high-power applications, yet 1.2 kV devices often struggle to meet the industry-standard SC withstand time (SCWT) under practical operating conditions. Despite growing interest in higher voltage classes, no prior study has systematically evaluated the SC performance of 1.7 kV SiC MOSF...

In this work, a comprehensive planning framework for an electric vehicle charging ecosystem (EVCE) is developed, incorporating solar distributed generation (DG) and a distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM), to assess their long-term techno–economic and environmental impacts. The optimal locations and capacities of the EVCE, solar DG, and DSTATC...

This article concerns the connection process of a squirrel-cage induction generator to the grid/microgrid. Typically, the generator is unexcited, and its connection to the grid is made directly via a switch. This connection causes a high inrush current and grid voltage drop, which local consumers notice. This article proposes a robust power system...

The dynamics of electric power systems are widely studied through the phase synchronization of oscillators, typically with the use of the Kuramoto equation. While there are numerous well-known order parameters to characterize these dynamics, shortcoming of these metrics are also recognized. To capture all transitions from phase disordered states ov...

Power system state estimation is a critical task for ensuring stable grid operation and serves as the foundation of grid control and analysis. Conventional approaches largely involve field measurements, network topology, and manual anomaly detection, which present significant limitations, particularly while dealing with dynamic and complex power sy...

With the increasing complexity of power systems and higher demands for stability, accurately predicting current fluctuations is crucial. This study proposes an artificial intelligence prediction method combined with multivariate analysis, utilizing multidimensional information such as historical current data, new energy generation output, and meteo...

This paper examines the optimization of power system dispatching with a focus on energy conservation and emission reduction. Through analyzing current situations and challenges, it aims to propose effective strategies and methods to achieve efficient power system operation while protecting the environment. The article commences by detailing China's...

This paper reviews the power system of new energy vehicles, focusing on the types and characteristics of new energy vehicles and their power systems, including the advantages of new energy vehicles and the challenges faced in the future. As one of the most critical strategic initiatives in the current national development and construction, the poss...

In order to address the impact of the uncertainty and intermittency of a photovoltaic power generation system on the smooth operation of the power system, a microgrid scheduling model incorporating photovoltaic power generation forecast is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the factors affecting the accuracy of photovoltaic power generation predictio...

Constructing a new power system is fundamental to achieving the carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets. However, this evolving system is highly susceptible to external disasters, presenting challenges to its operational stability. An increasing number of transmission lines are passing over mountains as China's power grid gradually grows larger....

In the current context of global energy structure transformation and climate change response, the development and utilisation of wind power, as a kind of clean and renewable energy, has received extensive attention. However, the intermittency and uncertainty associated with wind power present challenges to its stability and reliability in power sys...

With the energy transition and changes in electrical load structures, harmonic distortion in power systems is increasingly threatening grid stability, especially during the integration of renewable energy sources. Active power filters (APFs) are commonly used to improve power quality, but current fluctuations and voltage instability caused by DC-si...

The grounding grid is an important piece of equipment to ensure the safety of a power system, and thus research detecting on its corrosion status is of great significance. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an effective method for grounding grid corrosion imaging. However, the inverse process of image reconstruction has pathological solutions...

This paper introduces a novel, deep learning-based predictive model tailored to address wind curtailment in contemporary power systems, while enhancing cybersecurity measures through the implementation of a Dynamic Defense Mechanism (DDM). The augmented BiLSTM architecture facilitates accurate short-term predictions for wind power. In addition, a C...

Any failure in the distribution network, a crucial component of a power system, must be swiftly recognized by relays. The presence of distributed generation resources in the distribution network poses a new challenge for the correct performance of overcurrent relays. These sources, by injecting fault current and changing the network structure, can...

Nowadays, the proliferation of distributed renewable energy sources is a fact. A microgrid is a good solution to self-manage the energy generation and consumption of electrical loads and sources from the point of view of the consumer as well as the power system operator. To make a microgrid as versatile as necessary to carry that out, a flexible in...

Increasing the short‐circuit ratio (SCR) of the power transmission system is crucial to ensuring voltage stability when the system has a high‐penetration of wind energy resources. This paper first analyses the weak nodes in the power system and quantifies the SCR requirements of these nodes under voltage safety constraints. Based on this analysis,...

The integration of large-scale wind power into China's power system poses significant challenges to its operational stability. Therefore, accurate wind power output forecasting is crucial for the smooth operation of the grid. This paper begins by analyzing the key factors influencing wind power generation and classifies different forecasting method...

The electric power industry is the foundational industry of national economic construction and is closely associated with people's lives. The development and improvement of the economy have led to this. Moreover, society has increasingly higher demands for the reliability of power supply and the qualification rate of voltage. Power load control tec...

In the low voltage direct current (LVDC) systems, the occurrence of DC series arc faults poses a significant threat to the safe operation of the system. This paper develops an accurate arc model for the arc fault simulation. The proposed arc model consists the steady‐state impedance, high frequency characteristics, and dynamic characteristics of th...

Magnetic field signals contain a large amount of power grid and equipment operation information, which is of great significance for the realization of power system information management. Traditional magnetic sensor has low sensitivity, high cost and large volume, and its application range is limited. To solve this problem, a novel magnetic sensing...

Home Energy Management Systems (HEMSs) help households tailor their electricity usage based on power system signals such as energy prices. This technology helps to reduce energy bills and offers greater demand-side flexibility that supports the power system stability. However, residents who lack a technical background may find it difficult to use H...

The inspection of power system equipment is a critical task for ensuring grid reliability and safety which is labor-intensive, costly, and prone to human error, yet the automation process remains challenging due to complex environmental conditions and the edge device computation burden. In this work, we propose a real-time semantic segmentation fra...

The vulnerability of critical power infrastructures generates several risks and threats to them, thus endangering societal life, creating malfunctions and generating extreme damage to the state. Their protection becomes a major national and European objective, prompting representatives of the European Union member states to take action. In the face...

Hydroelectric power generation plays a significant role in India's energy mix, particularly in the Northern region, where numerous hydroelectric plants are situated. Flexibility of Hydro generation is an effective tool for grid operation. However, the operation of these plants can be affected by various factors, including high silt levels in rivers...

Centrifugal compressors play a crucial role in energy and power systems, and compressor surge significantly impact their safe operation. Monitoring typical surge inception characteristics in a compressor can effectively serve as an early warning indicator, thereby enhancing safety. This paper presents the results of an acoustic experiment conducted...

The stability of interfacial flows between electrically conducting fluids is a critical factor in various industrial and natural processes, such as metallurgical casting, magnetohydrodynamic power systems, and geophysical fluid dynamics. This study aims to investigate the linear interfacial stability of two conducting fluids confined between solid...

Pole tower grounding bodies are part of the normal structure of the power system, providing relief from fault currents and equalizing overvoltage channels. They are important devices; however, in the harsh environment of the soil, they are prone to corrosion or even fracture, which in turn affects the normal utilization of the transmission line, so...

In this paper, explore the effectiveness of a new Wide Area Fuzzy Power System Stabilizer (WAFPSS), optimized using the Exponential Distribution Optimization (EDO) algorithm, and applied to an IEEE three-area, six-machine power system model. This research primarily focuses on assessing the stabilizer’s capability to dampen inter-area oscillations,...

In recent years, the rise in the number of sensitive loads in distribution networks has highlighted the importance of not only ensuring the continuity of electricity supplies but also maintaining high power quality for consumers. In the present era, one of the most prevalent power quality issues in power systems is voltage sag, which is responsible...

Efficiently solving Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problems in power systems is crucial for operational planning and grid management. There is a growing need for scalable algorithms capable of handling the increasing variability, constraints, and uncertainties in modern power networks while providing accurate and fast solutions. To address this, machine...

Wind and solar energy are two examples of the renewable energy that nations around the world are accelerating their development of in response to global climate change and energy scarcity. However, current power networks face new difficulties as a result of these energy sources' volatility and intermittency. Based on the existing literature and dat...

Grid-scale battery energy storage systems (BESSs) can provide flexibility to the power system and capture shortterm price volatility by shifting energy in time through controlled charging and discharging. The highly volatile European continuous intraday (CID) market allows trading until just a few minutes before physical delivery, offering signific...

This study explores compounding impacts of climate change on power system’s load and generation, emphasising the need to integrate adaptation and mitigation strategies into investment planning. We combine existing and novel empirical evidence to model impacts on: (i) air-conditioning demand; (ii) thermal power outages; (iii) hydro-power generation...

Electricity markets are transitioning to zonal and nodal pricing to maximize social welfare, improve price signals, and enhance congestion management. South Korea, traditionally reliant on uniform pricing, is evaluating this transition but lacks a detailed impact analysis. This study assessed the impacts of various zonal and nodal pricing schemes o...

Power systems naturally experience disturbances, some of which can damage equipment and disrupt consumers. It is important to quickly assess the likely consequences of credible disturbances and take preventive action, if necessary. However, assessing the impact of potential disturbances is challenging because many of the influential factors, such a...

The integration of renewable energy resources in modern power systems promotes flexible demand response but poses challenges to power balance and frequency stability due to their intermittent generation. To address this problem, this study deals with the frequency control of power system in the presence of demand responses. The dynamic electricity...

Power system operators need new, efficient operational tools to use the flexibility of distributed resources and deal with the challenges of highly uncertain and variable power systems. Transmission system operators can consider the available flexibility in distribution systems (DSs) without breaching the DS constraints through flexibility areas. H...

With advancements in physical power systems and network technologies, integrated Cyber-Physical Power Systems (CPPS) have significantly enhanced system monitoring and control efficiency and reliability. This integration, however, introduces complex challenges in designing coherent CPPS, particularly as few studies concurrently address the deploymen...

Regional energy systems are complex dynamic systems that operate in conditions of constant changes in the external environment. In this regard, the task of developing complex management decisions and conducting a systemic analysis of the efficiency of its activities arises. To solve this problem, it is necessary to improve the mathematical models o...

The high penetration of distributed generation (DG) in the distribution system poses a challenge to the protection techniques and strategies of active distribution networks, making it difficult to adapt traditional methods to the fault diagnosis of the new power system. A method based on the improved subtractive optimiser algorithm for fault diagno...

Power Internet of Things (PIoT) relies on various smart sensors and edge devices to support the operational status of the power grid. To address the challenge of conducting a comprehensive information security risk assessment for communication among heterogeneous devices in PIoT, a reliable security risk assessment method is proposed. This method,...

Robust attack detection is critical for ensuring the reliability and security of power systems, which are increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated cyber-physical disruptions. Traditional detection methods often struggle to address the complexity and dynamic nature of modern power networks. This study expands on previous research that demonstrated t...

This paper presents an innovative optimization framework for the co-management of dynamic electric vehicle (EV) charging lanes and power distribution networks, addressing grid stability amidst fluctuating EV charging demands. Integrating generative adversarial networks (GANs) and distributionally robust optimization (DRO), the framework models unce...

Electrochemical energy conversion technologies include proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) where proton interchange is an alternative to diesel distributed generation, and PEMFCs are considered as a promising backup power source and a tool to regulate power consumption. Some of the major benefits of these PEMFCs especially in power system...

In the accelerating wave of global energy transition, the new type power system is