Power Generation - Science topic

The mismatch between production and consumption and concern for providing the energy needed in the power grid has always been one of the problems of grid operators. Also, large-scale electricity production has always been a costly and polluting industry. Therefore, engineers and power generation companies have always been looking for a cheap and cl...

Whilst floating photovoltaic (FPV) is gaining attention for ocean-based applications, their motion response in waves significantly affects structural integrity and power generation efficiency. In particular, FPV is expected to operate in arrays consisting of extensive solar panels, and thus, floating solar systems are required to be analysed with n...

The design of heat exchangers is crucial for establishing a significant temperature gradient across a thermoacoustic stack, essential for efficient thermal-acoustic energy conversion. This study investigates various cooling methodologies in a standing-wave thermoacoustic engine (TAE), including heat pipe heat exchangers and water cooling. Results i...

Nanotechnology in Green Energy Generation provides a comprehensive review of modelling, processing, and applications of all major categories of green energy generation materials. It explores different areas of green energy generation including hydrogen, solar, and wind energies, covering aspects such as synthesis, morphology, materials, and charact...

In recent years, the development of microgrids has driven the reform of the electricity market, breaking the monopoly of traditional power grids and promoting the healthy development of the electricity market. However, the stability of microgrids is significantly impacted by the integration of various energy sources and numerous users. This study e...

Clean energy resources have been considered globally as the energy of the future due to its low or no carbon footprint. Clean energy is the energy that replenished itself after use. To get most of these energy resources, constant improvement in manufacturing and process is highly needed. One of the key technologies revolutionizing the clean energy...

The osmotic energy, as a representative of sustainable clean energy, has provided promising strategies to the energy shortage and the environmental pollution. Via selectively diffusing (cations or anions) through the porous membrane, the osmotic energy can be converted into electricity directly. Nevertheless, the energy‐conversion efficiency is sig...

Here, we investigate PbSnS2, a wide band gap (1.13 eV) compound, as a promising thermoelectric material for power generation. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals its 2D‐layered structure, akin to the GeSe structure type, with Pb and Sn atoms sharing the same crystallographic site. The polycrystalline PbSnS2 exhibits an intrinsically u...

Distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation is one of the new quality productive forces to promote the application of green energy and realize high-quality development. In order to improve the regulation effect in the process of PV power generation, multiple sources of data such as economic factors, electricity consumption habits, and indoor tem...

Due to the influence of atmospheric chaos, new energy power generation has inherent strong stochastic volatility, and prediction errors are inevitable. New morphological changes such as source-load interaction and complex coupling of the power system increase the complexity of the prediction problem, and there are multiple uncertainties in the pred...

The lack of low-work function materials and the negative space charge effect have long prevented vacuum thermionic energy converters (VTECs) from becoming a practical means of power generation. Advancements in microfabrication have since provided solutions to these challenges, such as the suppression of negative space charge via a micro/nanoscale i...

Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs) have emerged as a powerful generative modeling technique. Despite their remarkable results, they typically suffer from slow inference with several steps. In this paper, we propose Di$\mathtt{[M]}$O, a novel approach that distills masked diffusion models into a one-step generator. Di$\mathtt{[M]}$O addresses two key ch...

Dynamic time warping (DTW) is an algorithm used to measure the similarity between sequences, with widespread applications in domains such as speech recognition, image processing and video synchronisation. However, when matching a shorter multivariate time subsequence to a longer time series containing a similar subsequence, existing DTW variants st...

Smart grids are modernizing the future of providing energy for everyone, allowing us to increase the efficiency of power generation, transmission, or distribution using information and communication technologies. However, the network structure of smart grids makes them vulnerable to varying levels of cyber threats. This paper provides a broad overv...

Accurate forecasting of PV power output is crucial for efficient integration of solar energy into the electricity grid and optimal energy management. This study explores the Application of a Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN) for Day-Ahead Photovoltaic (PV) Power Output Forecasting in Maiduguri Metropolis, a city located in northeastern Nigeria. The...

Due to the significant volatility of wind and photovoltaic power generation, they also exhibit significant disturbances during grid connection, resulting in a decrease in the utilization rate of renewable energy. As a new type of renewable energy, hydrogen energy has the advantages of clean and efficient, easy storage, and convenient transportation...

This study presents an analytical model for Energy Towers, a renewable energy technology that utilises evaporative cooling to generate power. In hot and dry regions, water is sprayed at the top of the tower, creating a downdraft as the droplets evaporate. This downdraft drives turbines at the base, producing energy. The model simplifies the system...

The increasing integration of photovoltaic (PV) power systems into the energy grid necessitates accurate forecasting of their output to ensure efficient and reliable operation. This research investigates the application of a Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN) for forecasting the PV power output in Maiduguri. The proposed FFNN model utilizes historic...

Distributed photovoltaic power generation as a renewable resource plays an important role in people’s lives, but the instability of photovoltaic power generation at the same time also brings difficulties in scheduling optimization of user power. In this paper, from the perspective of optimizing distributed PV scheduling to enhance the benefits, we...

Earth rotates through the axisymmetric part of its own magnetic field, but a simple proof shows that it is impossible to use this to generate electricity in a conductor rotating with Earth. However, we previously identified implicit assumptions underlying this proof and showed theoretically that these could be violated and the proof circumvented. T...

Developing countries often grapple with uncoordinated planning of generation and transmission, leading to excess generation capacity and suppressed demand due to limited power delivery from inadequate transmission infrastructure. This study aims to address this challenge by proposing a coordinated generation and transmission expansion planning (GTE...

In the era of renewable energy integration, precise solar energy modeling in power systems is crucial for optimized generation planning and facilitating sustainable energy transitions. The present research proposes a comprehensive framework for assessing the operational reliability of solar integrated systems, validated using the IEEE RTS 96 test s...

Wind power has become the most important source of electricity generation in Germany, providing more than a quarter of its electricity consumption in 2022. The growth in wind power generation has been mainly driven by an increase in installed capacity, but other factors have also contributed significantly and have been less investigated. Here, we d...

A pre-assembled substation has the basic functions of electric power automation, compact structure, and easy installation, on the basis of which this study optimizes the internal space structure of the pre-assembled substation and designs an intelligent pre-assembled substation architecture using intelligent control. Then, to ensure the stable oper...

High‐voltage DC (HVDC) systems are taken into consideration while simultaneous generation and transmission expansion planning in this paper. It is based on the placement and sizing of generating units, AC transmission cables, and HVDC systems. Within HVDC system, reactive power of transmission network may be managed by AC and DC substations equippe...

In recent years, off-grid photovoltaic (PV) storage microgrid technologies have attracted widespread attention in improving energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions. Combining photovoltaic (PV) power generation and energy storage systems, these microgrids are highly autonomous and flexible, and are particularly suitable for power supply in r...

A partir de uma crítica ardorosa do tema da diferença e às políticas públicas que o enfatizam, Bolsonaro e outros componentes do primeiro escalão de seu governo propõem uma nova política indigenista ao país, construída no entorno da acepção de que os brasileiros somos todos iguais. Este artigo procura demonstrar que, amparado em uma noção genérica...

The escalating demand for electrical power is a direct consequence of the widespread use of electronic devices and the global population's continuous growth. This surge in demand places considerable stress on the existing energy infrastructure, prompting the need for the development of new power generation methods like fuel cells and advanced trans...

The forecast for electrical energy demands in the South Sulawesi area in 2060 is 198,353 GWh, so the electricity generation capacity required under the Business As Usual scenario is 38.68 GW in that year. If this demand is connected to the scenario of limiting the construction and operation of coal-fired power plants, then the capacity required is...

As one of the driving forces of ion migration, ion concentration gradients have large untapped potential to improve the performance of humidity sensors. A self‐powered flexible humidity sensor based on hydrogen‐bonded organic framework electrolytes wherein Na⁺ concentration gradients induce efficient ion migration is presented that can be attribute...

Processing and extracting actionable information, such as fault or anomaly indicators originating from vibration telemetry, is both challenging and critical for an accurate assessment of mechanical system health and subsequent predictive maintenance. In the setting of predictive maintenance for populations of similar assets, the knowledge gained fr...

Determining the optimal integration of renewable energy–based distributed generation units (DGUs) in electric distribution systems brings many positive technical and economic impacts and contributes significantly for improving the performance of the distribution system. The suitable installation of DGUs is always a challenging problem because the o...

The global expansion in solar power generation in the recent decades and its advantages like nonpolluted and ease of installation makes it to grow further. The solar photovoltaic (PV) system experiencing more power losses due to various environmental factors like partial shading, uneven weather conditions, etc. Solar PV array configuration is one o...

Text-to-image latent diffusion models (LDMs) have recently emerged as powerful generative models with great potential for solving inverse problems in imaging. However, leveraging such models in a Plug & Play (PnP), zero-shot manner remains challenging because it requires identifying a suitable text prompt for the unknown image of interest. Also, ex...

Cooling the solar panel with hygroscopic materials offers a potential solution to mitigate its thermal damage and photovoltaic efficiency reduction. However, the practical application of this approach is significantly hindered by the limited water storage capacity and the back electrode corrosion. In this study, it is demonstrated that encapsulatin...

Thermoelectric materials and devices are potential candidates of all‐solid‐state cooling and power generation for various applications. Most thermoelectric research works focus on room‐temperature to medium/high‐temperature range, while available materials for cryogenic temperature application are limited. N‐type Bi‐Sb alloy is among the most promi...

Mg2Si is a promising n-type thermoelectric material for thermoelectric power generation in the middle range of temperature and is lightweight. Both Mg and Si, the raw materials of Mg2Si, are abundant in the Earth’s crust. However, it is hard to make Π-type modules since p-type Mg2Si materials have not been developed enough, and Mg2Si has low fractu...

Hot Isostatic Pressing has been used to consolidate components for the power generation industry for many years, and with the renaissance of nuclear fission and fusion interest, HIP (HOT ISOSTATIC PRESSING) will play a significant role. This presentation will focus on powder metallurgy-based production of critical components in the power generation...

The increasing demand for sustainable energy solutions has highlighted the need to optimize solar power generation systems. While solar power has been extensively studied, the influence of local wind flow on solar irradiance and power generation remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by developing a differential model that incorporate...

Nickel-based superalloys are crucial for high-temperature applications in power generation, aerospace, and chemical industries due to their superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. However, welding these alloys presents significant challenges, including complex microstructures, susceptibility to hot cracking, and intricate joint geo...

Additive manufacturing (AM) technology, commonly known as 3D printing, has been recognized as a transformative method in industries as diverse as automotive, medical, defense, power generation, aerospace, shipbuilding, and heavy equipment. Evolving from prototyping to mass production, AM is now being utilized to manufacture complex and precise meta...

This paper propose a Nash Stackelberg game based trading decision model of joint power market contain frequency/regulation/reserve for day ahead transaction to deal with the challenges brought by the insufficient peak shaving and frequency regulation capacity of a high proportion of renewable energy. This model utilizes Copula-CVaR to quantify the...

A queima de combustíveis fósseis para consumo de energia é responsável por 80% das emissões de gases do efeito estufa. A substituição dos combustíveis fósseis por fontes primárias de baixa emissão representa um dos maiores desafios do século XXI. Entre as fontes de energia renováveis, a energia maremotriz é uma das possibilidades recentemente desen...

The demand of the current industrial applications to high power generation results in a further increase in the rotating machinery speed which in itself may cause unstable oscillations. Unbalanced excitation and shaft deviation represent significant challenges that are faced by the designers and operators of the rotor-bearing systems, which negativ...

The photovoltaic industry plays a critical role in promoting global sustainability. Enhancing the reliability of photovoltaic structures is essential for achieving sustainable development. This study involved the analysis of a photovoltaic power generation project in Hubei Province to compare differences in the structural loads of photovoltaic supp...

Esse trabalho teve o objetivo de abordar a energia maremotriz como uma alternativa sustentável para a geração de eletricidade, destacando a importância de fontes renováveis em um contexto de crescente demanda energética e esgotamento de combustíveis fósseis. O estudo teve como método de pesquisa o de natureza exploratória, com análises de revisão b...

Rivers are important for residential needs, agriculture, and hydroelectric power generation. This study focuses on the Bernam River, which serves as a water source for Selangor and Perak States residents, located on the boundary between the two states. Sampling was conducted from December 2021 to June 2022, measuring heavy metal concentrations at e...

The integration of wind power into electricity markets has introduced significant challenges in Europe, most notably the cannibalization effect, where increased wind power generation leads to reductions in electricity prices. This study explores the spatiotemporal patterns of wind power cannibalization in Finland from 2015 to 2023. We developed a w...

Lightweight aeronautical structures and power generation structures such as wind turbines are fitted with protected external layers designed and certified to withstand severe climatic events such as lightning strikes. During these events, high currents flow through the structural protection but are likely to induce effects deeper in the supporting...

This paper presents a variable step-size efficient learning modified P&O (LMPO) MPPT algorithm and adaptive proportional–integral (API)-based control techniques for a two-stage three-phase grid-integrated photovoltaic (TS-GIPV) system using an LCL filter. The proposed novel controlled technique introduces two-stage systems under different meteorolo...

The internal reforming of biogas, a mixture containing carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4), in solid oxide and solid proton conducting fuel cells (SOFCs, SPCFCs) is a sustainable and efficient method to produce syngas (H2 + CO) in combination with highly efficient electrical power generation. Reforming processes convert biogas into syngas by ste...

Offshore wind farms have been gradually developed as deep-sea and large-scale farms in search of abundant and stable wind energy. Compared with fixed wind farms, floating offshore wind farms require additional consideration of wave loads, cable loads, and platform motions. To accomplish a fast and accurate simulation of floating wind farms, a coupl...

Due to the unpredictable nature of wind, wind power forecasting still faces certain challenges. The accuracy of wind power prediction plays a crucial role in the stability of the whole system. To improve the accuracy of wind power prediction, this research proposed an innovative hybrid prediction model that utilizes a multi‐layer perceptron, combin...

Climate inaction occurs partly because the ‘problem’ is often perceived as spatially and temporally distant. Contemporary Japanese and Taiwanese pro-nuclear energy narratives stress the necessity of nuclear energy for solving carbon emissions and energy security issues (here) and the urgency to retain and/or modernize nuclear power generation capab...

Because of the higher energy density of hydrogen as a clean energy source, the use of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) for aviation applications has become an important research topic in recent years. Unlike batteries, fuel cells require a lot of peripheral aggregates to operate properly. The peripheral aggregates of a fuel cell, which...

p class="ICST-abstracttext"> Accurate prediction of distributed photovoltaic (DPV) power generation is crucial for stable grid operation, yet existing methods struggle with the non-linear, intermittent nature of solar power, and traditional machine learning models face hyperparameter selection and overfitting challenges. This study developed a high...

Waste management is a critical priority that requires attention from society, as electricity is essential for every household. The challenge of high electricity costs is exacerbated by a persistent electrical shortage stemming from limited energy sources. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of Small-Scale Incinerators as Thermoelectric P...

This paper addresses the limitations of existing research that focuses on single-sided resources and two-timescale optimization, overlooking the coordinated response of various energy storage resources across different timescales in comprehensive energy systems. To tackle these shortcomings, the study integrates flexible demand-side resources, such...

Degradation of the environment and greenhouse gas emissions, especially of carbon dioxide, have increased issues with human health and the atmosphere. India, the world's second most populous nation, is one of the main consumers of conventional resources, which contributes to global warming. Before 2050, the growth rate is expected to expand even fu...

As a third-generation semiconductor, silicon carbide (SiC) is extensively utilized in photovoltaic power generation, 5 G communication, and new energy vehicles. However, the current method for the chemical mechanical polishing of SiC exhibits low material removal rates (MRRs) and suboptimal surface quality postpolishing. To address these challenges...

Insufficient dissolved oxygen in aquaculture systems poses a significant challenge to sustainable fish farming, while traditional aeration systems rely heavily on grid electricity, contributing to both operational costs and environmental impact. This study addresses these challenges by integrating a compressed air oxygenation system with floating s...

With the rapid growth of photovoltaic power generation systems, fire incidents within the system have progressively increased. The lack of thorough studies on the temperature properties of direct current (DC) arc faults has resulted in an unclear ignition mechanism, significantly increasing the fire risk associated with such faults. Hence, this wor...

Companies generate value for their shareholders which is measured by the market capitalization. In the process of doing so, they consume scarce resources and generate waste that is harmful for the environment. One of the measures of the environmental efficiency of the company’s operation would be to map how much resources are consumed and how much...

To achieve low‐carbon development, the ladder‐type carbon trading mechanism is proved to be beneficial to reduce carbon emissions while increasing the operation cost of the integrated energy system (IES). In this paper, an IES optimal operation strategy considering the ladder‐type carbon trading mechanism is proposed, with the help of the dynamic c...

Famatinite (Cu3SbS4, p‐type) and chalcopyrite (CuFeS2, n‐type) are well‐recognized sustainable minerals with good intermediate‐temperature thermoelectric performance. In this article, we utilize the inherent thermoelectric properties of these compounds to demonstrate real‐time operational performance as a coupled thermoelectric generator (TEG) for...

Vision foundation models (VFMs) such as DINO have led to a paradigm shift in 2D camera-based perception towards extracting generalized features to support many downstream tasks. Recent works introduce self-supervised cross-modal knowledge distillation (KD) as a way to transfer these powerful generalization capabilities into 3D LiDAR-based models. H...

In order to reduce the economic costs, enhance the efficiency, and improve the structural stability of microgrids, this paper proposes a novel AC/DC hybrid microgrid structure. This structure, based on Silicon Controlled Converters (SCCs) and Polarity Reversal Switches (PRSs), enables bidirectional power flow and provides a low-cost and straightfor...

The operational practice of "hydropeaking" allows hydropower plants to cover peaks and deficits in energy demand, but it also impacts river ecosystems. The assessment of hydropeaking impacts plays an important role in safeguarding ecosystem services, but is challenging due to the relative importance of impacts at different sites. To compare impacts...

The increasing demand for electricity and the environmental challenges associated with traditional fossil fuel-based power generation have accelerated the global transition to renewable energy sources. While renewable energy offers significant advantages, including low carbon emissions and sustainability, its inherent variability and intermittency...

The operational practice of “hydropeaking” allows hydropower plants to cover peaks and deficits in energy demand, but it also impacts river ecosystems. The assessment of hydropeaking impacts plays an important role in safeguarding ecosystem services, but is challenging due to the relative importance of impacts at different sites. To compare impacts...

Power generation is a fundamental part of every country for which demand is rising continuously. Coal fired power plants are one of the major methods utilized for in all over the world for generation of power. To increase efficiency of systems of steam turbines, different techniques were utilized in the globe. Major factors and parameters of steam...

Accurate PV power generation forecasting is critical to enable grid utilities to manage energy effectively. This study presents an approach that combines machine learning with a clustering methodology to improve the accuracy of predictions for energy management purposes. First, various machine learning models were compared, and multilayer perceptro...

The nonlinear thermoelectric effect is a key factor for realising unconventional thermoelectric phenomena, such as heat rectification and power generation using thermal fluctuations. Recent theoretical advances have indicated that chiral materials can host a variety of exotic nonlinear thermoelectric transport arising from inversion-symmetry breaki...

The research investigates the influence of the energy sector on greenhouse gas emissions and explores potential strategies for reducing emissions through the utilization of renewable energy sources. The article includes an analysis of the varying contributions of different forms of renewable energy sources to global electricity and heat production,...

Buildings are essential components of power grids, and their energy performance directly affects overall power system operation. This paper presents a novel stochastic optimization framework for building energy management systems, aiming to enhance buildings' energy performance and facilitate their effective integration into emerging intelligent po...

Accurate capture and presentation of the interactive feedback relationships among various objectives in multi-objective reservoir operation is essential for maximizing operational benefits. In this study, the niche theory of ecology was innovatively applied to the field of reservoir operation, and a novel stateerelationship (SeR) measurement analys...

A Brenna nella seconda metà del XX secolo vennero installate due turbine da forza motrice: Impianto ex segheria e Impianto Filanda gestione Coppi. Proposta di loro rifunzionalizzazione ad produttivo idroelettrico per la produzione di energia elettrica da fonti rinnovabili (F.E.R.) e la creazione di una comunità Energetica Rinnovale in loco.

This paper examines the evolution of the Finnish electric energy system up to 2035, focusing on the likelihood of different development paths. The primary contribution of this paper is the development of an extensive Bayesian Network, designed to model and analyse the evolution of power generation capacity mix, assess the likelihood of different gr...

Wind power is the electricity produced from the wind energy which is transformed into electrical energy with the support of rotors and generators. Subsequently, the growth of renewables is higher in the present scenario, wind energy is increasing attention from power generators

The presence of quasiparticles typically degrades the performance of superconducting microwave circuits. The readout signal can generate non-equilibrium quasiparticles, which lead to excess microwave loss and decoherence. To understand this effect quantitatively, we measure quasiparticle fluctuations and extract the quasiparticle density across dif...