Power Generation - Science topic

Energy system models are widely used to inform the political decisions required to successfully mitigate climate change in the energy sector. The energy system optimization models (ESOMs) used to identify cost-minimal transformation pathways assume the perfect behavior of market participants from a central planner’s perspective. Neglecting the deci...

The rollout of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has benefited Pakistan in getting a faster pace in terms of economic and financial stability. Pakistan has a significant geographical location in the Asian continent. It possesses an enormous renewable energy sources (RES) potential, primarily wind, in its Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtun...

Blade design for a solar chimney power plant turbine is modeled geometrically. NACA 4412 blade is selected for its favorable lift to drag characteristics in the considered diameter range. The constructed model is integrated into a solar chimney plant and validated against existing examples in literature. A similar process is applied using a reverse...

MFCs (Microbial Fuel Cell) are bio-electrochemical devices that use microorganisms as biocatalysts to transform the chemical energy found in organic or inorganic compounds into electric currents. However, one of the limitations of this technology in terms of practical application is its lower electric efficiency, which greatly depends on the select...

To fight agianst climate changes, the power community is called upon to envisage alternative thermodynamic cycles which might greatly enhance the assets of thermal generation and possibly change the game, by providing substantial gains in efficiency and/or enabling an easier access to carbon neutrality. While current Brayton cycles are open and use...

Condensation-induced water hammer (CIWH) is an unavoidable phenomenon in power generation facilities and must be properly adjusted for the thermal efficiency and safety of the system. This study simulated CIWH in a realistic steam pipe to analyze its characteristics in horizontal and vertical pipe sections. Additionally, CIWH intensities with respe...

There is a natural abundance of carbon dioxide in the Martian atmosphere that can oxidize magnesium fuel. Combustion of magnesium carried from Earth is considered as a potential propulsion process for Mars Ascent Vehicles. Other space exploration missions would benefit from magnesium combustion and thus sparked motivation to resolve puzzles in exis...

The rising electricity consumption, rapid fossil fuel depletion, and a higher shift to the use of renewable or green energy resources have increased the need to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources (DERs), like solar photovoltaic (PV) energy to power the utility grids. In this study, the researchers have determined the effect of PV...

The intricacy of the power system configuration, coupled with the contemporary trends in power generation and demand, renders the attainment of adequate supply quality a daunting task for distribution companies. Several regulations govern the power quality (PQ) of the electrical system. In addition, EN-50160 outlines the voltage characteristics sup...

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are recognised as a platform technology, where several processes take place at the same time, including electricity generation. In this study, for the first time, the horizontal MFC system is proposed , capable of synthesizing biosurfactants, where their quantity is directly correlated with the power production. Waste ra...

Adaptation of renewable energy is inevitable. The idea of microgrid offers integration of renewable energy sources with conventional power generation sources. In this research, an operative approach was proposed for microgrids comprising of four different power generation sources. The microgrid is a way that mixes energy locally and empowers the en...

Open burning of agricultural residues as a means of disposal causes massive atmospheric air pollution in northern Thailand. Converting this agricultural residual biomass to clean energy can help reduce this problem. They may be utilized as solid fuel for electrical power generation, where cost is one of the major factors affecting long term success...

The use of solar-powered Stirling engines to convert thermal energy into electricity is a promising and renewable technological solution that can contribute to reducing dependence on fossil fuels for electricity generation. Unfortunately, the lack of experimental performance data and operating parameters for this type of technology limits its detai...

The facilities on wind energy generation are increasingly finding usage areas in line with the ecologically friendly energy generation approach. One of the important activities of wind power generation facilities, which have high investment cost, low operating cost and low environmental impact is the maintenance and repair of wind turbines. A preve...

A través del paso del tiempo han surgido alternativas para la generación de energía, una de ellas es la celda de combustible microbianas, mediante este método se aprovecha la energía residual de los microorganismos, sin embargo, ha presentado deficiencias en su aplicación debido al rápido uso del sustrato por parte de los microbios para generar ene...

The union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh are energy-undernourished union territories though they are hallowed with immense solar energy potential for thermal power generation and photovoltaic. Advancing and revitalizing resource gauging of all renewable energy sources is essential in the present layout where there has been a drastic sc...

p>In the bidding process in the power generation market, enterprises often exhibit speculative behaviors due to the loopholes in bidding rules. To explore the evolution of power generation enterprises from a benign bidding state to a speculative bidding state, an evolutionary game model is established. Based on the replicator dynamics equation, an...

In electrical grids with a high renewable percentage, weather conditions have a greater impact on power generation. This can lead to the overproduction of electricity during periods of substantial wind power generation, resulting in shutoffs of wind turbines. To reduce such shutoffs and to bridge periods of lower electricity production, three therm...

An axial-flow pump as a turbine (PAT), as compared to the conventional Francis turbine, has the advantages of not being restricted by the terrain and having lower cost to reverse the pump as a turbine for power generation. When an axial-flow pump is reversed as a turbine, the internal flow pattern is more complicated than when in the pump mode, whi...

Intruding magma brings high temperatures close to the surface, thus offering possibilities for harnessing large amounts of heat for geothermal exploitation. Mount Aso in southern Japan showed frequent volcanic activity during 2016, accompanied by significant earthquake activities with tens of thousands of aftershocks (Kumamoto sequence). Here we in...

The purpose of this study is to enhance the accuracy of direct power/torque control (DPC/DTC) applied to back-to-back converters supplying a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based wind power system. Two solutions are proposed. The first one is to increase the degree of freedom of the DTC and DPC control by implementing three-level back-to-back...

Heat exchangers and other heat transfer devices/systems play vital roles of heat transfer in thermal fluid flow systems for industrial application. Sodium cooled fast reactors are normally designed to have two loops of sodium coolants and one loop of water coolant which generates steam for power production. The two loops of sodium coolants consist...

In recent years, the energy form of microgrids is constantly enriching, while the decentralization requirements of microgrids are constantly developing. Considering the economic benefits of an integrated energy microgrid (IEM), this paper focuses on the distributed optimal dispatch of IEM based on a consensus algorithm. The microgrid structure and...

The increasing proportion of bifacial photovoltaic modules (Bi-PVM) in new projects makes the operation of photovoltaic system (PVS) more complicated, and it is difficult to accurately predict the power of the PVS. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new power prediction method for PVS based on Bi-PVM. Firstly, the equal proportion digital...

Operational management of multiple reservoirs and hydropower plants in the Red River Basin (RRB) in Vietnam was investigated for optimal benefit of hydropower generation and to ensure the water supply for agricultural and social–economic development downstream during the dry season. This research will investigate the operation of three hydropower r...

The growth of fossil global energy consumption is accompanied by greenhouse gas emissions, which contribute to global warming. To cope with global climate change, the development of renewable energy is imminent. Solar energy is one of the renewable energy and will be developed widely. Floating photovoltaics (FPV) has many advantages compared with l...

Technology advancements have enabled the capture of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) on a massive scale. Smart Grids (SGs) that combine conventional and RES are predicted as a sustainable method of power generation. Moreover, environmental conditions impact all RES, causing changes in the amount of electricity produced by these sources. Furthermore,...

Energy is an important denominator for evaluating the development of any country. Energy consumption, energy production and steps towards obtaining green energy are important factors for sustainable development. With the advent of forecasting technologies, these factors can be accessed earlier, and the planning path for sustainable development can...

Die Elektrizitätserzeugung durch die erneuerbaren Energieträger Wind und Sonne ist abhängig von den aktuellen Wetterverhältnissen. Auch die Energieerzeugung durch Wasserkraft, sowie der Energieverbrauch werden durch Wetterverhältnisse beeinflusst. Um die Energieerzeugung des zurückliegenden Jahres in Deutschland im Kontext der meteorologischen Verh...

Microgrids offer flexibility in power generation in a way of using multiple renewable energy sources. In the past few years, microgrids become a very active research area in terms of design and control strategies. Most of the microgrids use DC/DC converters to connect renewable energy sources to the load. In this paper, the simulation model of a DC...

This paper presents the feasibility study of a proposed Photovoltaic/Diesel power generation hybrid system for a remote computer centre in Nigeria. This design comprises the correct determination of station electrical daily load consumption and station solar radiation data. These data are used to determine the hybrid components sizes and its config...

In general, a superconductor has zero resistance, although it requires significant refrigeration or high pressures, which prevents it into practical applications. In other words, solving these issues implies main superconducting researches. This paper describes a new type of superconductivity, which is independent for temperatures and which operate...

In this study, graphite, graphene, and hydrophilic-treated graphene electrodes were evaluated in a dual-chamber microbial fuel cell (DC-MFC). Free-oxygen conditions were promoted in anodic and cathodic chambers. Hydrochloric acid at 0.1 M and pH 1.1 was used as a catholyte, in addition to deionized water in the cathodic chamber. Domestic wastewater...

Keywords: Derivation of energy from coal is mostly through thermal decomposition. Although several literatures/studies exist on the suitability of Lafia-Obi bituminous coal for power generation and other thermal purposes, little or none has been reported on the thermal decomposition of Lafia-Obi bituminous coal during gasification. This work theref...

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells hold promise as energy conversion devices for hydrogen-based power generation and storage. However, the slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction at the cathode imposes the need for highly active catalysts, typically Pt or Pt-based, with a large available area. The scarcity of Pt increases deployment and operational...

p>An essential building block of the smart grid of today is the integration of various renewable power generators in the system. Renewable distributed generators (DG) provide environmentally friendly energy at a low cost. A distributed economic dispatch (ED) system for renewable DGs has been formulated in this work to enhance scalability and reduce...

Los embalses construidos para las hidroeléctricas además de proveer energía, también son reservorios de agua para consumo humano, animal y riego en cultivos agrícolas, por tal motivo es importante evaluar la calidad de estas aguas periódicamente. En este estudio se evaluó la calidad de agua del embalse Apanás-Asturias usando parámetros físicos, quí...

The study focused on the impact of power generation capacity on the Nigerian economy. The specific objectives was to investigate the relationship between power generation capacity and economic growth. Secondary data sourced from Central Bank of Nigeria was analysed using ordinary least squares (OLS) method. In the model specified, real gross domest...

The frequency diversion in hybrid power systems is a major challenge due to the unpredictable power generation of renewable energies. An automatic generation controller (AGC) system is utilised in a hybrid power system to correct the frequency when the power generation of renewable energies and consumers’ load demand are changing rapidly. While a n...

Hydrogen (H2) energy is an ideal non-polluting renewable energy and can achieve long-term energy storage, which can effectively regulate the intermittence and seasonal fluctuation of solar energy. Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) can generate electricity from H2 with only outputs of water, waste heat, and almost no pollution. To solve the power genera...

Coffee stands out worldwide for being widely traded and consumed. However, this consumption generates a large amount of spent coffee grounds (SCGs) that are typically arbitrarily discarded. This biomass has a high heating value and molecular composition that allows for it to be a raw material for generating heat and energy. The search for renewable...

Recently, energy procurement by renewable energy sources has increased. In particular, as solar power generation has a high penetration rate among them, solar radiation predictions at the site are attracting much attention for efficient operation. Various approaches have been proposed to forecast solar radiation accurately. Recently, hybrid models...

The global demand for renewable energy is expanding in the attempt to mitigate the impacts of climate change. Offshore wind energy is, alongside with other “green” forms of energy, at the core of seeking carbon-neutrality of various countries. Based on the International Energy Agency, offshore wind energy could become the main source of power gener...

Wind power generation is the major approach to wind energy utilization. However, due to the volatility, intermittent, and controllability of wind power, it is difficult to control and scheduling of wind power, which brings challenges to the grid-connected operation and dispatch of wind power. Therefore, accurate power prediction of the wind power g...

p>An essential building block of the smart grid of today is the integration of various renewable power generators in the system. Renewable distributed generators (DG) provide environmentally friendly energy at a low cost. A distributed economic dispatch (ED) system for renewable DGs has been formulated in this work to enhance scalability and reduce...

A utilização da energia eólica é uma alternativa para geração de energia por meio de uma fonte limpa. Por outro lado, as energias renováveis são fortemente susceptíveis à variabilidade climática. A velocidade dos ventos pode sofrer alterações em virtude das mudanças no clima. O planejamento energético deve levar em consideração a influência que o c...

A compacted bentonite buffer is one of the most important components in engineered barrier systems for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste produced by nuclear power generation. The compacted bentonite buffer contributes significantly to the protection of the disposal canister against the external impact and penetration of groundwater. Ther...

This research presents a hybrid waste–solar power generation and waste disposal system in Luang Prabang, Lao. A waste management problem of 19,546.52 Ton in 2021 is the focus of waste-to-energy (WtE) technology. A 230-kg/h steam sterilization method is used to autoclave hazardous waste combined with a 40-kW drying room to produce type 3 refuse-deri...

The integration of distributed energy resources, such as wind farms (WFs) and energy storage systems (ESSs), into distribution networks can lower the economic cost of power generation. However, it is essential to consider operational constraints, including loading margin, which ensures the security line contingency. This study aims to develop a com...

Power systems engineers are actively developing larger power plants out of photovoltaics imposing some major challenges which include its intermittent power generation and its poor dispatchability. The issue is that PV is a variable generation source unless additional planning and system additions for mitigation of generation intermittencies. One u...

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) have become increasingly powerful, generating mind-blowing photorealistic images that mimic the content of datasets they have been trained to replicate. One recurrent theme in medical imaging, is whether GANs can also be as effective at generating workable medical data, as they are for generating realistic RGB...

This paper presents a review of the power and torque coefficients of various wind generation systems, which involve the real characteristics of the wind turbine as a function of the generated power. The coefficients are described by mathematical functions that depend on the trip speed ratio and blade pitch angle of the wind turbines. These mathemat...

The estimation of power curve is the central task for efficient operation and prediction of wind power generation. It is often the case, however, that the actual data exhibit a great deal of variations in power output with respect to wind speed, and thus the power curve estimation necessitates the detection and proper treatment of outliers. This st...

The present day energy supply scenario is unsustainable and the transition towards a more environmentally friendly energy supply system of the future is inevitable. Hydrogen is a potential fuel that is capable of assisting with this transition. Certain technological advancements and design challenges associated with hydrogen generation and fuel cel...

The Tsallis $q$-Gaussian distribution is a powerful generalization of the standard Gaussian distribution and is commonly used in various fields, including non-extensive statistical mechanics, financial markets, and image processing. It belongs to the $q$-distribution family, which is characterized by a non-additive entropy. Due to their versatility...

Probabilistic Denoising Diffusion models have emerged as simple yet very powerful generative models. Diffusion models unlike other generative models do not suffer from mode collapse nor require a discriminator to generate high quality samples. In this paper, we propose a diffusion model that uses a binomial prior distribution to generate piano-roll...

The installation of photovoltaic (PV) modules is one of the most effective measures for decarbonizing urban building stock. The considerable potential of the process has been demonstrated using building-integrated PV (BIPV) modules. Earlier studies have provided significant knowledge about the PV potential of buildings, but a detailed investigation...

In this paper, to maximize the net output power and realize better performance optimization and control of the oxygen excess ratio, a complete dynamic model of the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell system is developed and an active disturbance rejection control strategy is proposed. The active disturbance rejection control drives the uncertainties...

Regional to European scale intra-day forecasts of solar resources and photovoltaic (PV) power generation are of key relevance for operators of solar plants and power grids, as well as power traders, who seek to optimize revenues and maintain grid stability by matching power supply and demand. Our study addresses a key prerequisite for such forecast...

The use of renewable resources for low power generation has led to extensive research on power converters for reliable and efficient power conversion. Though conventional boost converter (CBC) remains the widely used topology, its operating range is limited due to constraints on voltage gain and degree of freedom of control (DoFoC). This paper pres...

This paper investigates and analyze the dependability of the synchronous machines at the power generation station. The electrical power in practicality is not stable due to the rapid change of three-phase loads. This research presents a method to improve power quality and grid stability for power generation. By introducing synchronous machines, eit...

Deep generative models have emerged as an exciting avenue for inverse molecular design, with progress coming from the interplay between training algorithms and molecular representations. One of the key challenges in their applicability to materials science and chemistry has been the lack of access to sizeable training datasets with property labels....

Aims: Researchers are more and more focused on finding ways to optimize renewable energy sources. One of the more promising of these renewable energies is wind energy. However, these wind resources are very localized and selective. There is also significant potential for wind resources available at low densities or low wind speeds. The objective of...

Quemar raquis de palma (también llamado tusa) en las calderas de biomasa trae consigo la superación de distintos problemas tecnológicos asociados a ese biocombustible. En particular, el alto contenido de potasio, fósforo y cloro son elementos potencialmente perjudiciales por la corrosión que generan en las superficies de transferencia de calor. En...

In recent years, the stability of the distribution network has declined due to the large proportion of the uses of distributed generation (DG) with the continuous development of renewable energy power generation technology. Meanwhile, the traditional distribution network operation mode cannot keep the balance of the source and load. The operation m...

Crystalline thermoelectrics have been developed to be potential candidates for power generation and electronic cooling, among which SnSe crystals are becoming the most representative. Herein, we realize high-performance SnSe crystals with promising efficiency through a structural modulation strategy. By alloying strontium at Sn sites, we modify the...