Power Generation - Science topic

How will renewable power generation be affected by climate change?

Can energy management and its conversion through electromagnetic conversion into electricity reduce and benefit from its environmental risks and impacts?

The global community has a responsibility to address the environmental concerns for energy purposes by replacing existing coal and hydrocarbon methods with sustainable and efficient energy systems. Hence, current power generation systems are constrained by physical laws that reduce performance by converting more energy into heat. Similarly, the revolution and widespread implementation of renewable energies worldwide have shown that electromagnetic transfer is a viable option for harnessing the induced mechanical energy provided by wind or water into exergy. Exergy focuses on the efficiency of the second law of thermodynamics with the aim of ensuring the availability and quality of energy in energy management systems. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce energy demand by building highly efficient electrical appliances and increasing the quality of energy with the output power generation systems. This chapter provides a single diagram for developing new models and designs for power generation with the aim of developing variable efficiency power systems. In addition, an analysis of magnetism, electromagnetic induction, and magnetic materials will be conducted for design, optimization, and implementation in current power cycles.

Boiler efficiency = (Mass of steam flow X Steam enthalpy-Feed water flow at economizer inlet X Enthalpy-Attemperator water flow X Enthalpy) / (GCV of fuel X Fuel consumption)

2-Boiler efficiency by indirect method

Boiler efficiency = 100-Various losses

3-Theoretical air requirement for combustion

Theoretical air Thair = ((11.6 X C% + (34.8 X (H2-O2/8)) + (4.35 X %S))/100

Where C = % of carbon in fuel

H2 = % of Hydrogen present in fuel

S = % of sulphur present in fuel

4-Excess air requirement for combustion

%EA = O2% / (21-O2%)

Where O2 = % of oxygen present in flue gas

5-Mass of actual air supplied

AAS = (1 + EA / 100) X Theoretical air

Mfg = Mass of Air + 1

6-Mass of dry flue gas

Mfg = Mass of Co2 in flue gas + Mass of Nitrogen in fuel + Mass of Nitrogen in combustion air + Mass of oxygen in flue gas + Mass of So2 in flue gas

Mfg =(Carbon % in fuel X Molecular weight of CO2 / Mol.weight of Carbon) + N2 in fuel + (Mass of actual air supplied X % of N2 in air i.e 77/100) + ((Mass of actual air – Mass of theoretical air) X 23/100) + S2 in fuel X Mol.weight of SO2 / Mol.weight of sulphur)

7-% of heat loss in dry flue gas

Where,

Mfg = Mass of flue gas

Cp = Specific heat of flue gas in kacl/kg

Tf = Temperature of flue gas

Ta = Ambient air temperature

Heat loss = M X (584 + Cp X (Tf-Ta))  X 100 /  GCV of fuel

Where,

M = Moisture in fuel

Cp = Specific heat of flue gas in kcal/kg

10-% of heat loss due to moisture in air

Where,

AAS = Actual air supplied for combustion

Cp = Specific heat of flue gas in kcal/kg

Tf = Temperature of flue gas

Ta = Ambient air temperature

11-% of Boiler water blow down

12-Steam velocity in line

Area of pipe, A = Pi X D2 / 4

Where D is pipe internal diameter

13-Condensate flash steam calculation

Where, H1 = Sensible heat at high pressure condensate in kcal/kg

H2 = Sensible heat of steam at low pressure in kcal/kg

Hfg = Latent heat of flash steam

14-Calculation of amount of heat required to raise the water temperature

Where, Mw = Mass of water

Cp = Specific heat of water in kcal/kg (1 kcal/kg)

T1 = Initial temperature of water in deg C

T2 = Final temperature of water in deg C

Where, Mw = Mass of water

Cp = Specific heat of flue gas in kcal/kg (0.24 kcal/kg)

T1 = Initial temperature of air in deg C

T2 = Final temperature of air in deg C

S = Surface heat loss in kcal/hr m2

Ts= Hot surface temperature in deg C

Ta = Ambient air temperature in deg C

h= Heat content in saturated steam

x = Dryness factor of steam

Hfg =Enthalpy of evaporation

h= Heat content in saturated steam

Hfg =Enthalpy of evaporation

h= Heat content in super heated steam

hfg =Enthalpy of evaporation

Cps = Specific heat of super heated steam

Tsup= Superheated steam temperature in deg C

Ts = Saturated temperature of steam in deg C

Ms = Mass of steam

h = Steam enthalpy

hf= Feed water enthalpy

Fly ash generation in TPH = Fuel consumption per hour X % of ash in fuel X 80% / 100

De-aerator vent rate = 10.98 X Absolute pressure in deaerator X (D X D) Diameter of venting line orifice….Kg/hr

Note: Pressure in PSI

Diameter in inches

Or.

Steam venting flow = 24.24 X P(absolute pressure in PSI) X D X D (Size orifice in inch)........Lbs/hr

b-Heat rate of Co-gen plant Turbine in kcal/kg =

Power system operators maintain the stability of the grid through several key measures and strategies. These include:

1. Load Balancing: Power system operators continuously monitor the supply and demand of electricity on the grid. They ensure that the power generation matches the load requirements to maintain a balance between supply and demand. Load forecasting techniques are used to predict future demand, enabling operators to make necessary adjustments in power generation and distribution.

2. Frequency Control: Power system operators closely monitor the system frequency, which is an indicator of the balance between supply and demand. They employ automatic generation control (AGC) systems to adjust the output of power generators in real-time to maintain a stable frequency. If the frequency deviates from the standard range, corrective measures are taken to restore it to the desired level.

3. Voltage Control: Maintaining stable voltage levels is crucial for the efficient operation of the grid. Power system operators utilize voltage control devices, such as transformers, capacitors, and voltage regulators, to regulate and stabilize voltage levels. These devices are adjusted in real-time to ensure that voltage remains within acceptable limits, preventing voltage fluctuations that could disrupt the grid's stability.

4. Reactive Power Compensation: Reactive power is required to maintain voltage levels within acceptable limits. Power system operators employ reactive power compensation devices, such as synchronous condensers and static VAR compensators (SVCs), to provide or absorb reactive power as needed. By managing reactive power flow, operators can maintain grid stability and voltage control.

5. Grid Monitoring and Control: Power system operators utilize advanced monitoring and control systems to continuously monitor the grid's performance. Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, along with real-time data from sensors and meters, provide operators with detailed information on grid conditions. This enables them to identify potential issues and take corrective actions promptly.

6. Grid Planning and Expansion: Power system operators also play a role in long-term grid planning and expansion. They analyze future load growth, renewable energy integration, and infrastructure requirements to ensure that the grid remains stable and reliable. This involves assessing the need for new transmission lines, substations, and power generation capacity to meet future demand.

7. Emergency Response and Restoration: In the event of disruptions or emergencies, power system operators are responsible for coordinating emergency response efforts. They work to quickly identify and isolate faults, reroute power, and restore the grid's stability. This involves close coordination with grid operators, power generation companies, and other stakeholders to minimize the impact of disruptions.

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I ask because such an irrational situation exists in the country where I operate. In my opinion, in a situation of rising energy prices and the need to accelerate the processes of green transformation of the economy, the shutdown of power plants based on photovoltaic panels by the large dominant power companies that produce energy mainly from the combustion of coal and lignite other sources of energy, including mainly the cheapest and emission-free production of electricity, not adopting a periodic increase in energy production generated from the sun and wind, so as not to reduce energy production from dirty, high-emission coal-burning power plants is not moral, socially and environmentally ethical, not in line with sound climate policy and not in line with human rights. The key problem with climate, environmental and energy policy is that it is not conducted fairly. Instead, it is conducted haphazardly, shortsightedly, unstrategically and is politicized in the negative sense of the word. Despite the fact that most of the mining sector, coal and lignite mines, companies in the energy sector and the country's largest fuel and energy company, which holds more than 90 percent of the domestic market share in the sale of motor fuels, are state-owned companies and could carry out in an efficient, comprehensive and strategic manner the process of green energy transition, they unfortunately do not do so. There are many indications that climate, environmental and energy policies are being conducted haphazardly and short-sightedly. The full synergy and correlation that should occur between these policies is missing. Unfortunately, economic aspects are also not key, as they are mixed with political aspects, in which the economic calculus is not treated as a principled factor, and this is in addition to the high level of indebtedness of the state's public finance system and the growing level of the budget deficit in the central state budget. The government has pledged to implement the green transformation of the economy in accordance with the European Union's Green Deal plan. The country receives subsidies from the European Union for the implementation of this plan, including subsidies from the National Reconstruction Plan, which should be allocated mainly to efficiently carried out green investments to carry out the green transformation of the energy industry and achieve the goal of building a sustainable, emission-free energy industry in the shortest possible time. However, this is not happening. Onshore wind power development is still administratively and normatively largely restricted. On sunny, cloudless days and when the wind is blowing, additional energy is generated from already installed photovoltaic panels and wind farms, which is not collected from prosumers by large power companies due to unsuitable transmission networks. Besides, the dominant power companies in the market do not collect clean energy from the mentioned RES sources in order not to reduce the production of energy generated by the conventional method of burning coal and lignite. In addition, the dominant energy companies are lobbying in the political sphere to restrict the development of RES and are causing restrictions on the process of issuing permits for citizens to make further connections to the power grid of prosumer wind turbines and/or photovoltaic installations built by citizens. In addition, there is another extension of the start of construction and implementation of the project to build the first nuclear power plant in a country where the energy industry still relies 3/4 on conventional energy production, i.e. on the basis of burning fossils, much of which is imported, there are situations of energy shortages and eggs to buy from abroad, and the quality of air due to the dominance of combustion energy in the heating season is among the worst in Europe. On the basis of my research, I conclude that this activity is immoral, socially and environmentally unethical, does not comply with climate policy and is not compatible with human rights. Confirmation of the aforementioned thesis is provided by the results of the research I described in my publications given below.

In the following article, I have included the results of the research conducted on the connection of the issue of sustainable development, the genesis and meaning of the Sustainable Development Goals, the essence of sustainable development in the context of social, normative, economic, environmental, climate, and human rights aspects, etc. The research also addressed the issue of key determinants of human existential security as an element of the concept of sustainable development.

HUMAN SECURITY AS AN ELEMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN INTERNATIONAL LAW

I am conducting research on this issue. I have included the conclusions of my research in the following article:

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRO-ECOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE ECONOMY TOWARDS GREEN ECONOMY AND CIRCULAR ECONOMY

The key issues of the problematic sources of Poland's exceptionally deep energy cross in 2022 are described in my co-authored article below:

POLAND'S 2022 ENERGY CRISIS AS A RESULT OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE AND YEARS OF NEGLECT TO CARRY OUT A GREEN TRANSFORMATION OF THE ENERGY SECTOR

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this issue?

Please answer,

I invite everyone to join the discussion,

Thank you very much,

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

How is biomass energy essential in the power generation in a country.

New future of power generation

Dear All, Where can I download hourly whole-year solar power generation data for free?

I'm interest in MHD power generator, especially using salt water flow under transverse magnetic field.

In this paper, they assume that the e.m.f as f0=4w(B_0)(V_E) constant value independent of the hall current. However I think that if we connect the electrode, the ions are eliminated by reduction and oxidation on the electrode surface. So the removing charge effect will decrease the e.m.f value.

So I want to know my guess is reasonable and way how to get the maximum power produced by the device.

I need how signal from Governor passes to Turbine, gear box and alternator to develop particular desired power?

My under standing is as below

Pl.correct me

What are the most commonly used machine and deep learning algorithms? Specifically, for forecasting hourly solar power generation.

Where can find hourly renewable energy power generation in various provinces of China?

What are the factors that affect membrane power generation?

Can we model an information system to create a sync between different power generation units to generate power in most economic way based on current weather condition?

In the carbon cap and trade market, How to calculate the carbon cap for the power generating units?

Please share any idea or documents

I made this hybrid power plant simulation with HOMER where I assumed the solar power plant system doesn't have enough irradiation so it can't produce any power and it's just the wind power plant system that worked. It turned out that the result is the consumption power (AC Primary Load) is bigger than the power generated by the wind turbine. Is it okay? How do I solve this problem?

I am trying to find a historical database with wind power generation being dispatched so I could use it for my simulation. I know AEMO wind power dispatched power generation historical data. But I want another place that isn't Australia. Is there any other website of database that has public databases such as AEMO?

Hi! I am trying to implemet an control algorithm to give a command to my energy storage system when to charge to absorb excess renewable power generation and discharge when renewable power generation is low. I am using matlab/simulink tool. Any recommendations would be appreciated.

How many ways to capture radiative heat transfer and convert it into electricity?

One technology, carbon capture and storage (CCS), stands tall for its ability to help energy-intensive sectors like power generation and heavy industry reduce their emissions. In fact, the International Energy Agency has said without CCS, achieving the world’s lower-emission targets will be virtually impossible. While the technology isn’t new, it is increasingly coming to the forefront of the climate conversation. But what is carbon capture and storage?

Is this footstep power generation concept not considered due to its low efficiency?

Any novel methods to improve the power output?

It is well-understood that depends on the power system strength or system inertia in addition to the speed protection system settings.

I just would like to see some typical values for such imbalance either normalized or in MW.

Please Share IEEE 118 bus generator data ( especially Reactive power generation, Volatge phase angle ). In all website s Q generation at every bus is zero for all buses(Is it True) - Manpower as 118 case as reference.

how much real reactive power losses in IEEE 118 Bus system ( share any papers)

I have a small topic on material research to fulfill at my university. I am very new to material science. Good Sources to research for material knowledge and suggestions for my above question is very much appreciated. Thank you in advance !!!

Is there any work being done on Tidal form of power generation?

If yes, how much work has been done?

If no, why hasn't there been any steps taken?

What are the factors that are acting as hindrance?

Can we see this form of power generation in future of Pakistan?

I need all the details regarding Tidal Power Generation in Pakistan.

Power Network Expansion Planning is the problem of deciding the new transmission lines that should be added to an existing transmission network in order to satisfy system objectives efficiently. It is one of the main strategic decisions in power systems and has a deep, long-lasting impact on the operation of the system. Several challenges such as deregulation, renewable penetration, large-scale generation projects, market integration, and regional planning are discussed in the literature to some extent.

I am doing a project on power generation using multiple humps. Force is known. All the respective gear and shaft radii are known. y using this, this I can found torque using the relation T=F*l ...

I have a relation P=2 pi NT.. but in this relation power and rpm are unknown...

Is there anyway to find the power or rpm? Any other formula to find power with respect to rpm if available then please share.

Thanks

to electrify rural areas cost effective power generation is important. from those alternatives MHP generation using SEIG will fulfil the community power demand in lower cost. but SEIG hve the problem of voltage regulation during load variation. to regulate terminal voltage IG there are different way of classical controling method but how to control the voltage using artificial intelligence to andvance the controling system to protect power electronics equipments that are sensetive to voltage varation.

Hello everyone, I'm working on predicting PV system power generated using AI, so I need a database to train my model. Where can I find a database with minutes time step (less than hour, preferably 1 minute) of system power generated ?

Hello

I have two transformers (each one is 63MVA) in one station. 132 MW generator was injected into this station successfully. If the second generator (132 MW) will be joined to the same station, how will it be that possible and performance of both generators?

Hello Experts. Generating solar energy using PV systems results always in the variable power generation due to the effects of intermittency. What parameter is mostly affected by solar intermittency on the grid and what techniques do grid operators use to mitigate such effects.

I'm working on a single chamber microbial fuel cell with air-breathing.

Its voltage already reached approximately 400 mV under OCV conditions, but when I used a 1000 ohm external resistor the voltage immediately drops to zero.

I already used a 10K resistor but the voltage hardly reached 30 mV and it's very low.

I don't know what the problem is!

I want perform a time series analysis on real time data of hydropower/hydroelectric power generation of different dams of India.

I am going to conduct a survey among the experts who are working in power plant construction projects in my country. So far I know, construction of 30 mega projects are going on. The targeted experts are 7-categories, for example, contractors, sub-contractors, vendors, project director (PD), project manager (PM), site engineer, and consulting engineer (or consultant). The other variables are project size in terms of power generation capacity, budget, project location, experts' experience (year), and academic qualification. Please suggest me in a precise way to save my time? I am now in a critical moment. I have a presentation just after couple of weeks. Thank you for your patience and time. 

Given with a calculated biomass potential energy, how can you calculate the Electricity Generation Potential in Giga Watt Hours (GWh) based on the Net Efficiency of the technology used for power generation (Steam engines: 10%; Gasifier + IC engine: 18%) and the total capacity of power generation in Mega Watts (MW) by taking a Load Factor of 50%.

I am interested in some remarks regarding power generation from low-temperature resources, yet no up-to-date papers are available. Had you any information - I would be grateful for sharing.

best regards

Bartek

Recent researches have proved the improvement of power generation of Solar PV systems with water cooling mechanism. What can be the practical obstacles for this ...

What are the negative impacts of water-vaporizing solution ?

Is it cost effective ?

Thank you

Can the current and voltage generated by the piezoelectric vibratory energy harvester be measured experimentally?In other words, can we measure the power generated by the piezoelectric vibration energy collector ？

Colleagues, good afternoon! I was wondering what problem is the most urgent at the moment in the operation, design of gas turbines and combined cycle plants. Influence of gas turbines on the steam circuit, power reduction during summer power limitations. maybe the quality of fuel and self-contained liquids?volume_upcontent_copysharestar_border

As the penetration of grid-connected solar energy increases, is it technically possible to replace most of the conventional power generations including coal, gas and natural gas in modern power grid? Is there any critical technical challenges we need to overcome? There are various researches ongoing such as virtual inertial (VI)-based inverter, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and hybrid energy storage system (ESS) to address voltage/frequency instability, IV & PV non-lineality and solar energy non-availability during night time respectively.

Plus, there are many technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), smart grid, blockchain and other advanced terminologies available for solar energy. From these perspectives, will the solar energy eventually replaces conventional power generation or it will be limited as a supplementary energy source for existing power system which is ideal for remote and vast area?

I need to do short term forecasting of demand and generation of microgrid. I need real-time data of a microgrid consisting of historical and weather data on demand and generation. Thanks in advance for your responses.

I'm trying to simulate a power generation cycle by adsorption / desorption of ammonia in salt / metal (SrCl2..MnCl2) in a bed. Does anyone know that can i use aspen adsorption or not?

i means it is possible to define the specific reaction between ammonia and for example SrCl2?

I'm a graduate student at McMaster University. Now, I'm doing a system optimization project. I'm interested in optimizing the energy storage system applied to Wolfe Island Windfarm. I'd like to make sure where I can obtain the exact power generated by the wind farm in each hour during the whole year. Also, I need the hourly power prediction (power commitment) data for the next hour.

If you have more than one source of power generation, how to select the operating one and exclude another? What is the common technique for optimizing the power source? Is there a technique like this?

This discussion aims to show how the world's investment in power generation is. In Brazil, the current investment is made more in photovoltaic and wind power.

With the trend of replacing fossil-fueled cars by electric vehicles, how much of the increase in electric power generation will be required to replace 1.2 billion existing cars, disregarding trucks and motorcycles in the coming years?

Hello, everyone. Anyone know how to set power generated by the synchronous generator in PSCAD? I tried many ways, but don't understand what determines the limit of generated power.

Hi all,

I am looking for a source to download wind power generation data. The data should fulfill the following requirements:

- measured (not simulated) power generation

- of an individual wind turbine or farm (not country-level or TSO-level data)

- in hourly (or at least daily) resolution

- that spans at least one month (better multiple years)

- that is downloadable (I don't want to see the data, I want to use it)

- free of charge (for academic use)

The geographical scope is open but European data would be optimal. So far, I checked the following sources:

- https://www.energy-charts.de has data for two parks in Germany but I do not see a way to download it

- https://transparency.entsoe.eu has some data but one can only download one day at a time

- https://www.bmreports.com has detailed data for UK but again, downloads are only possible for one day at a time

Alternatively, recommendations for a Python library that can retrieve this kind of data are welcome (specialized libraries - not general web scraping libraries like Selenium, BeautifulSoup, etc.).

For prediction solar energy i need solar power generation data.

Hello, I'm studying the potential of the renewable resources in power generation and I was wondering how can I calculate levelized cost of energy (LCOE)?

I want to use Concentrating solar cell developed by Spectro lab, USA and wish sole guidelines for the same. Is it possible to store the power generated by these cells be stored by any type of batteries? which is the most suitable battery for this cell?

I'm currently using Nafion 211 for the proton exchange membrane in my microbial fuel cell experiment. I found lots of articles recommended to use Nafion 117 instead. My experiment was failed, there was no power generated by the fuel cell and I suspect the Nafion 211 can not facilitate the proton exchange in the MFC.

I'm wondering what the difference between 117 and 211 is and could Nafion 211 use for MFC?

I have data on power generation and other variables (e.g Irradiance, temp & wind speed) of last two years(on daily basis). I want to forecast the power generation using SVR so I need its MATLAB code which is easy to understand.

I am looking forward to work on System Modeling and Control theory in Power generation, Aerospace or in Robotics. This is a completely new field for me and i need to do a lot to build the foundation stronger to carry out innovative research. Currently, i am reading books to understand relevant concepts as well as i am reading latest research papers to be familiar with new research in the field. Unfortunately, i am still clueless about this new field.

I need some expert advises from experts in this field that how can i master the concepts and bring the concepts into something which is called innovation.

Looking forward to get the brief answers from you guys.

Thanks

Synchronous generators are rated in MVA where as when we refer to a power plant we refer to their MW rating? Why is this so?

Renewable utility-scale power generation, such as wind, solar, etc, has become much cost-effective and more and more important in the past few years. However, the lower energy transition efficiency and the periodic generating feature constrains the development of renewable energy. These years, energy storage has become a hot research topic. My questions are: Is energy storage really the solution of future energy? If the answer is yes, which kind of energy storage will be the best available technology or the most promising technology for utility-scale power generation? Are there any technical issues that constrain the application of energy storage technologies? When will energy storage technologies become widely applicable?

There are more number of power generation plants like steam, hydroelectric, nuclear, biomass, solar etc. The supply of power from these plants depends on the utilization. Each plant has some advantages and disadvantages for power generation. In this context, what could be the preferred power generation plant?

OPF; sensitivity analysis

In Digsilent software,why are the values of current(pu) in a bus connected to this equipment different, when the "Nominal Apparent Power" in generator specifications and the "Rated Power" in transformer specifications are not equal?

What is the benefit of using a physical model to model the power generation (i.el solar field with parabolic trough collectors)? A data-driven method could potentially achieve similar accuracy with massive training data?

Hi Geoff, i'm interested in co-firing a brown coal power power plant with paper/packaging etc waste to yield bass load energy and biochar for agriculture. little/No CO2 emissions..any thoughts?...it be sub optimal power generation looking to strike a balance. Have you got time to chat

Me thinks you'd be the expert here

cheers

Richard

Hello everyone.

I am trying to solve this problem where i need to calculate the optimum capacity of PGU in combined cooling heating system (CCHP) using Genetic algorithm.

I have these equations:

The natural gas consumption by the PGU with respect to time can be expressed using the following equation:

Fpgu_t = Epgu_t/ηpgu_t .........(1)

where Fpgu is the natural gas consumed by the PGU.

The efficiency of PGU which is ηpgu, can be calculated as follows:

ηpgu_t = a+bf_t+cf_t^2..............(2)

where a, b, and c are the constant coefficients, and f_t is the partial load rate with respect to time which is the ratio of electricity generated by the PGU to the maximum output (PGU capacity) and can be defined as:

f_t = Epgu_t/(Ecap)...........(3)

A common linear relationship exists between the gas consumption and electricity generated by the PGU , which is widely used to optimize the CCHP systems and is expressed as follows:

Fpgu_t = α×Epgu_t+β........(4)

here i have the values of a,b and c for equation 2 and α and β for equation 4. Also i have common linear relation between the fuel consumption (Fpgu_t )and electricity generated by PGU (Epgu_t) which i have attached.

Other than that i also have a load profile which will be used to calculate the optimum capacity of PGU.

Please anyone can help me with that? I have consulted many different journal papers but i am still very much confused in this part.

Please help. Thanks everyone.

I really need calculations on steam electric power generator

Dear fellow researchers,

is there anyone who has access to, or who can provide me with a good reference of, curves that can provide me with quantitative information about how the electric and thermal power generated by a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell in combined heat and power mode vary with the load of the fuel cell system?

To be more specific, what I would need are curves of the type:

electrical efficiency vs SOFC load

exhaust temperature vs SOFC load

exhaust mass flow vs SOFC load.

I am trying to test the potential use of an SOFC for transportation purposes, and it would be very helpful to have access to this type of information

Currently, I am selecting a power generator for Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. I am wondering between 02 devices: AC sinusoidal power generator or Pulse power generator. Which power supply device provides the best performance on the DBD reactor? And in accordance with the method of calculating discharge power DBD using V-Q curve Lissajous (Because I currently have high voltage probes 1000x and monitor capacitors. I don't want to use the high current probe to calculate the discharge power for some reason I don't have this device right now)

If I want to change both voltage V and frequency F for DBD reactor, I need to choose which power supply device. Please suggest me some specific power generator supplies.

I sincerely thank you and wish all the best!

Utilization of solar energy is always one of the meaningful research areas. But most researches are about one or two utilization aspects, such as for cooling, heating, heat storage, power generation, water uptaking, and so on. Is there any completed or ongoing research about the integrated utilization of solar energy to combine all these applications into one whole system?

Greetings,

I need for a simple document ( Paper ) explains the calculations of wind energy power generation..

Thanks

Now new term waste to Energy is getting heat in India. So want more information, how this Waste to Energy termed as Plasma Technology can help society to reduce risk of solid waste and develop with this new technology?

I have data on wind speeds stretching over 5 years. I want to use it to estimate average annual power generation capacity of a 5kW wind turbine.

In February 2018, Trinidad and Tobago signed on to the Paris Climate Change Agreement.

The Ministry of Planning and Development has indicated that "Trinidad and Tobago is committed to conditionally reduce its cumulative carbon emissions by 15% in the power generation, transport and industrialised sectors by 2030".

What initiatives are underway to meet this commitment?

I have a hard form of the book with me. I am looking to have a .pdf version of it. Please share any link where I can have it.