Poverty Areas - Science topic

Due to the compounding impacts of urbanization and climate change-induced warming, urban inhabitants face increasing risks of thermal health issues. The use of high-resolution maps that categorize intra-urban thermal environment and Local Climate Zones (LCZ) could enhance the understanding of the correlation between heat-related health risks and mi...

The rapid and complex effects of urbanization are shifting energy production and consumption patterns on the African continent. Energy poverty is manifesting to an increasing degree and in diverse forms in low-income, vulnerable urban populations like informal settlements and/or “slums.” This photo essay shows the lived realities of the urban energ...

The social conditions of people in slum neighbourhoods are full of irregularities such as messy living arrangements, and chaotic physical environment, and the lives of the residents are not healthy either. Such social conditions which is a fertile ground for the growth of social problems that lead to criminality, social to criminality, social probl...

In this study, we want to examine reasons for the pervasiveness of the practice of child abandonment, using the "Skolombo Boys and Lakasara Girls'' in Calabar, the state capital of Cross River State, Nigeria, as the analytical context. Globally, there are approximately 150 million children roaming the street without care or shelter (United Nation E...

Background: Diabetes typically projects the Iceberg phenomenon, with most cases being hidden. The Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS) by the Madras diabetic research foundation is a validated and useful screening tool that identifies high‑risk people in primary care settings. The study aimed to assess the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among adults...

Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is the largest and densely packed megacity in the world, has become an extremely vulnerable megacity to climate change in Asia and World as well. On the other hand, due to the increase of industrialization, electricity consumption and motor vehicle use, generation of greenhouse gases (GHG) and air pollution, Dhaka...

Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, is the largest and densely packed megacity in the world, has become an extremely vulnerable megacity to climate change in Asia and World as well. On the other hand, due to the increase of industrialization, electricity consumption and motor vehicle use, generation of greenhouse gases (GHG) and air pollution, Dhaka...

Background Neighborhood context includes conditions of the environment where people spend their time (e.g., work, play, seek health care) and it may affect residents’ cognitive health. Prior studies have documented that lower neighborhood‐level socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with cognitive impairment and with risk for Alzheimer’s disease...

Background: Breastfeeding is considered the most important source of nutrients for the baby. But owing to ignorance, lack of education, and cultural norms, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is not done by majority of the mothers. Hence, this study is carried out to determine various barriers faced by the mothers that influenced their decision on EBF....

Background: The elderly are disproportionately affected by depression, a devastating mental health illness that is common and causes significant impairment and a poor quality of life. In a community setting in India, this study sought to evaluate the prevalence of depression, degrees of associated disability, healthcare use patterns, health-seeking...

Background Urban health challenges, particularly for street and slum-dwelling children and families, have emerged as one of the most significant health concerns in India. While there is little published on effective healthcare delivery to these populations, mobile health vans (MHV) have been proposed as a proactive pathway to providing outreach hea...

This paper describes a project developed in co-operation with two dozen community libraries and schools in various slums and low-income regions in Kenya. The project was started in response to COVID-19, to allow students to solve computerised math drills while schools were closed. The number of students involved reached two thousand during the firs...

Background Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), a leading non-governmental organization (NGO), implemented a large-scale Home Fortification (HF) with Micronutrient Powder (MNP) programme from 2013 to 2018 aimed to reduce undernutrition and iron deficiency anemia among children aged below 5 years old. An adequate and timely supply of MNP w...

Ibadan is said to be the biggest indigenous city in Nigeria with a population of about 4.04 million, making it the third largest city in the country after Lagos and Kano. Since its founding in 1829, Ibadan has experienced urban evolution that is mostly unguided. With its high fertility rate, population growth and rural-to-urban migration, Ibadan ha...

This article examines what characterizes the voluntary organization (CRHF), and how trust is built among children and women through ethic work in a slum district in Costa Rica

Cities are known for dualities and contradiction, involving both positivities and negativities. If cities are consumers of minimum amount of land ; promoters of economy; generators of wealth; creators of employment, centers for innovation and technologies and providers of best of amenities, infrastructure and services besides providing numerous opt...

The study of the eco-village models and waste management in Kawempe Division is the first of its kind anywhere in the world and particularly in Uganda. The purpose of this study was therefore to establish the effect of community-led eco-village models on waste management practices focusing on the five waste management practices, particularly the so...

This article analyzes the political activities of residents in a 50-year-old slum in New Delhi. Based on long-term fieldwork undertaken periodically between 2004 and 2019, we describe the forms of oppression experienced by slum residents, how they cope in their everyday lives and how they have responded to their oppression. In order to understand t...

Background: To combat double burden of malnutrition, Nutritional Assessment and Intervention Kiosk (NAIK) has been proposed as a potential solution. which provides personalized nutritional assessments and interventions, leveraging the latest digital health technologies. The present pilot study reports user-centric performance evaluation and utility...

Background: Urban slums are critical for public health intervention due to high population density, poor living conditions, and limited healthcare access. This study examines baseline nutritional and lifestyle patterns among mother-child dyads in the urban slums of Uttar Pradesh. The dyads were recruited for Nutritional Assessment and Intervention...

Background and objectives: Women residing in Indian slums remain at risk of developing cervical cancer because of lack of awareness and effective screening programs. This study aimed at identifying sociodemographic and behavioral risk factors for cervical cancer, its awareness, and preventive practices among reproductive age-group women in a slum o...

The rapid urbanization in India has resulted in significant health challenges, particularly for the urban poor residing in slums and underserved areas. The National Urban Health Mission (NUHM) was launched in May 2013 to address these challenges by improving health care access, infrastructure, and outcomes for urban populations. This review provide...

The introduction of routine HIV counselling and testing (HCT) has increased the number of pregnant women being tested and receiving prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) interventions in South Africa. While many women may enroll in PMTCT, there are barriers that hinder the success of PMTCT programmes. The success of the PMTCT is...

Kecamatan Manggala merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang berada di Kota Makassar, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan yang memiliki potensi kerawanan terhadap genangan dan banjir serta sebagian tergolong sebagai kawasan kumuh yang rentan terhadap bencana kebakaran. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis tingkat kerawanan bencana banjir da...

Pakistan presently has one of the largest cohorts of young people in its history, with around 36 million people between the ages of 15 and 24 years. One of the main reasons for high population growth in Pakistan is almost stagnant contraceptive prevalence rate of 30% nationally and 17.4% amongst youth. The study was conducted to explore the percept...

ISBN: 978-9845064163 220 pp. Whenever we think about slums and the poor people living in the slums, we often associate them with poverty, malnutrition, and many other negative connotations. In his book "Migration of Metaphors: Making Sense of Music in the Lives of the Urban Poor in Dhaka," Sumon Rahman explores the cultural identity of the urban po...

Cholera remains a formidable public health challenge across Africa, disproportionately impacting marginalized and vulnerable populations [1]. The disease's persistence underscores its multifaceted nature, rooted in more than just the biological characteristics of Vibrio cholerae. Instead, it reflects a complex interplay of environmental, social, ec...

The purpose of the study was to empirically examine the determinants of demand for family planning services in Kenya’s slums using a binomial logit model. The study revealed low usage of family planning services due to various factors. In order of significance, these include partner’s approval, quality of the services, friendliness of the staff adm...

Introduction: In Pakistan, Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) among married female youth is 17.4% and even lower in rural and slum areas leading to rapid population growth on one hand and poor health consequences on the other. The study was conducted to explore family planning service providers’ perceptions regarding use of different contraceptive...

Objective: The Quality of Life (QoL) among the elderly is influenced by socioeconomic status, health conditions, social support, and healthcare access. The study aimed to assess the QoL and its associated factors in elderly residents of an urban slum. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 elderly individuals aged 60 years and abo...

Introduction: Nutritional anaemia in India is common morbidity seen in late adolescent and young female population. There are many conflicting opinions regarding dosage of iron folic acid supplementation for managing this simple nutritional deficiency disorder. Hence, this ‘Randomized Controlled Trial’ was undertaken in adolescent girls suffering f...

Background: Access to improved drinking water, sanitation and hygiene is one of the prime concerns around the globe. This study aimed at assessing water and sanitation hygiene-related attitude and practices, and quality of water in urban slums of south Delhi, India. Methodology: This pilot cross sectional study was performed during July 2013 across...

The city of Warsaw, Poland, has endured significant damage throughout its history, particularly during World War II. The city was bombed in September 1939, and many buildings were blown up following the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in May 1943. The Warsaw Uprising in August and September 1944 led to further destruction from artillery bombardments and fir...

The study examined the effects of the slum condition on the health of the dwellers in Osogbo, Nigeria. This is to assist in policy formulation in this area. The study hypothesised that there are no significant relationships between the socio-economic characteristics of residents and building quality as well as between building quality and health co...

This study aims to explain the things that gave rise to the protest movement, the form, and the results of the protest movement of the private village community in Surabaya City in 1910-1916. This study uses a historical method that has four steps, consisting of heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of the st...

Background: Reproductive morbidity is prevalent within the community; however maternal mortality remains a key indicator of maternal health. The present study examined the prevalence of reproductive morbidities with a specific emphasis on menstrual problems and RTI among married Muslim women. The paper also explored their health-seeking behavior an...

Typhoid is a major public health concern in India, particularly among those dwelling in urban slums with poor sanitation. The disease caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi spread majorly through contaminated food and water. The economic burden of the disease is catastrophic and affects both families and the government making a strong case for...

Introduction:-Antenatal care (ANC) is the care during pregnancy by skilled health care professionals. The main aim of ANC is to ensure best health conditions for both mother and baby during pregnancy. Objective:-To assess the utilization of ANC services provided to mothers during pregnancy and to find out the influence of socioeconomic factors on A...

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are one of the commonest causes of deaths in children in developing countries. They are responsible for the estimated 15 million deaths that occur in children under 5 years of age each year. Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are the leading cause of under-five morbidity globally. Methods: The...

This study investigated the extent of urban development, the level of slum development, and the relationship between urbanization and slum development in Kisoro Municipality, Kisoro District. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to examine the predictors of urban and slum development. The findings revealed that urban development was sig...

When people affected by poverty are unable to lead a decent life, there is no doubt that there will be a decay of the city. And when there are inadequate and unfit housing, the condition of the environment often result to slums and ghettos, there will be the disaster of homelessness, unplanned and sprawl nature of city growth. The magic year had th...

Although nearly forgotten by the end of the twentieth century, Irish-born poet Lola Ridge is now recognized as a highly influential, socially engaged writer and editor who was active in various Modernist and activist circles in the United States from 1907-1941. This essay discusses the lesser-known poems within the “Labor” section of her 1918 publi...

The phenomenal growth of our towns and cities has given rise to conurbation and metropolitan areas, with various planning problems such as traffic congestion, slum, shanty towns, waste management, housing, pollution, poverty and several others. There is no doubt that the impact of rapid population growth on housing development in a developing econo...

Transwomen women in Ghana face significant challenges in accessing HIV prevention and care services due to the immense marginalization and discrimination they encounter from the healthcare system and professionals. Given these challenges, it is imperative to have change agents and advocates in the form of peer educators to support transwomen and ea...

Rabies causes 59,000 human deaths annually in over 150 countries. Mass dog vaccination (MDV) is key to controlling dog rabies, requiring 70% coverage in the susceptible dog population to eliminate rabies deaths. MDV campaigns must achieve geographical homogeneity of coverage. Although rabies elimination is feasible, operation challenges exist, espe...

Health is the major aspect of all living organisms on this earth, good health gives a healthy life span to prolong in the present disturbed environment conditions. In the case, of women's health status in slums, from the Raichur district, the study focuses on all the age group persons from young to old age group. In the seven slum areas selected fo...

INTRODUCTION: Provision of ANC services has a positive impact on pregnancy as it enables identification of risk factors, early diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy complications.it is also used by primary care physicians as a means to educate women about nutrition, breastfeeding, family planning, spacing after childbirth and promote healthy lifesty...

A green city is a city with good planning that has an environmentally friendly character and seeks to manage its resources for everything that focuses on environmental balance. In an effort to create a green city, various planning and implementation programs have been and are being carried out, both by the government, private sector and also the co...

This paper reviews the state of urban slums in Nigeria and attempts to explicate the issues that arise from the approach of slum eradication in some selected cities (Lagos, Port Harcourt, Abuja and Jos). A wide range of secondary source material was collected and analysed thematically. The analysis affirms that the slumming process in the four citi...

This paper uses Brecht’s stage play Saint Joan of the Stockyards as a scenery to critically analyze the Chicago School’s approach towards human ecology that targeted foremostly the environmental and temporal circumstances of human existence and engaged in a biologistic and competitive view of social relations. In the context of Chicago during and a...

Ancient city centres are characterised by inadequately planned/unplanned land use and unsecured tenure system, leading overtime to the development of different forms and grades of slum in and around urban core area. This research studied the slum in the urban core of Akure, Nigeria deploying tools of Geographic Information System for comprehensive...

Palembang and the surrounding areas there are many slums, especially alongside the river areas, the land is located in the wetlands area in Palembang. The growth of slums Village 5 Ulu Seberang Ulu I district, due to its strategic position in the region where the services and trade, thus becoming the choice of those newcomers to settle into the com...

Urbanization in Bangladesh presents numerous challenges, including regional inequality, centralized development, poverty, social stratification, traffic congestion, housing shortages, slum proliferation, and environmental degradation. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of urban environmental quality in Jashore Pourashava (Municipality), Ban...

Background: Oral cancer represents a significant global health burden, disproportionately affecting vulnerable populations in developing countries like India. Urban slums, characterized by socioeconomic challenges and limited access to healthcare, are particularly susceptible. This study aimed to examine the association between tobacco use, a well-...

Empirical literature has shown that interventions to address social determinants of health are limited owing to poor integration of social and clinical data. The objective of this study was to describe a Sustainable, Multisector, Accessible, Affordable, Reimbursable, and Tailored framework (SMAARTTM) which was utilized to design and pilot test port...

This empirical paper studies the different approaches of India in speeding-up education spectrum to eradicate poverty. The research focuses on means for transforming poverty education formula towards ‘Capacity vs Demand’ rather than ‘Supply vs Demand’ which would help to improve the quality of the education delivered to the poor with minimal resour...

INTRODUCTION: Urbanization is marked by emergence of slum areas, wherein migrants from the nearby villages stay in temporary establishments for seeking avenues of employment. These dwellings lack most of the essential living conditions like safe water, healthy living conditions and access to health services. This population is also vulnerable to so...

The implementation of NUSSP (Neighborhood Upgrading Shelter Sector Project) program policy is a residential upgrading and settlement sector project in the context of urban slum settlement management for the empowerment of the poor communities based on tridaya in Makassar City which was implemented since 2005-2009 (phase I). This study used a qualit...

BACKGROUND: The association of mental health with parenthood is complex and varies across many social contexts. Previous studies place mothers with young children at a high-risk for depression. Therefore, the study aimed to understand the association of parity as a risk factor for maternal depression in a cross-sectional survey. METHOD: A total of...

Numerous social and economic problems are brought on by urbanisation, including worse-than-ever housing shortages in emerging nations and an increase in the number of people living unlawfully in slums without permits or property rights. This is also applicable to Ethiopia. The investigation of the factors influencing Addis Ababa’s commercial real e...

In 1971, under a presidential decree, Batam was designated an industrial area, and implementing the 1971 development plan resulted in Batam becoming an industrial city in the early 1980s. Its location was Batu Ampar, which is where economic activities and the population were concentrated. Following its growth as an industrial city, Batam attracted...

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (Tb) remains a health problem throughout the world. World Health Organization (WHO) has set it as a “Global Emergency” disease. The difficulty of confirming the diagnosis of it in children, different from it in adults, causes the treatment of it in children often neglected. This problem is exacerbated by the supporting envi...

Background Tuberculosis remains a significant public health issue, particularly among children who are in close contact with tuberculosis patients. India accounts for a large proportion of global tuberculosis cases. Despite global recommendations for Isoniazid Preventive Therapy to prevent latent tuberculosis infection from progressing to active di...

The objective of this study is to establish the determinants that significantly influence apartment prices that are located within housing estates of Nairobi metropolitan area. The determinants comprise of apartments features including: proximity to shopping malls, proximity to Nairobi’s central business district, proximity to schools, proximity to...

Slums have become an unavoidable reality in many countries of the world, particularly the developing world. Although there are various slums upgrading models and approaches to address the urban poverty in developing countries, the number of slum dwellers has actually grown and the problem is expected to become worse. Other public policies have to e...

The purpose of this study was to investigate maternal factors associated with reproductive behavior of low income mothers in Kiandutu slum in Thika Municipality, Kenya. The family resource management model and the safe motherhood theoretical framework guided the study. A survey of 120 randomly selected mothers was conducted using simple random samp...

Along with population and urbanization in developing countries, the amount of municipal solid waste generated is also increasing. Although programs and initiatives to recycle and manage waste can often be found in the major population centers, these technologies are slow to spread to or are not yet present in the rural areas. Heavily populated urba...

Zusammenfassung Das Engagement des deutschsprachigen Nathan Birnbaum auf der Jiddischen Sprachkonferenz in Czernowitz 1908 lässt sich als Versuch verstehen, ein grundlegendes ideologisches Problem des Kulturzionismus zu lösen: Dem von Herder und Humboldt geprägten Kulturverständnis zufolge sollte eine jüdische Nation auch über eine jüdische Literat...

Zusammenfassung Der Beitrag widmet sich verschiedenen Formen textinterner Mehrsprachigkeit in ausgewählten Beispielen der Ghettoliteratur. Im Unterschied zur bisherigen Forschung gilt der Fokus dabei der Frage nach den selbstreferenziellen und metapoetischen Implikationen literarischer Multilingualität. Es wird der These nachgegangen, dass sich die...

This article discusses roles of women in struggling transformation within their community. As one of governmental policies in 2015 about eradication of slum areas under BasukiTjahajaPurnama (‘Ahok’) as previous governor of Jakarta, many flats were built and provided to those who became the target of that program. It’s called ‘Rusunawa’—low cost sim...

Municipal solid waste in the developing world is often improperly disposed of in dumps near slums or simply discarded along the roadside in rural villages. This waste, particularly plastic, is a serious environmental and health concern for the communities in those regions. Lack of infrastructure, capital, and governmental policies contributes to th...

The settlement of the immigrants, especially foreign immigrants in different cities and city areas has a major influence in shaping and changing socio-spatial structure of these areas. Mashhad has been the target of a large number of Afghan refugees in the past decades (160 thousand people). The initial settlement of immigrants in marginal areas of...

An increasing body of literature has investigated the implications of housing quality on health, confirming the negative consequences of poor housing quality on physical and mental health. Despite this increased focus on the salutogenic impacts of housing, the relationship between housing quality and cognitive health remains understudied. This stud...

The problem of slum areas along the river in Jakarta Indonesia does not only cover housing problems, but also social and economic problems for people living in slum areas. As city dwellers, they are entitled to a place to live and earn a living without breaking the rules. However, the DKI Jakarta Government has been taking issue with its citizens w...

In rapidly urbanizing regions, the proliferation of plastic debris in sedimentary environments poses multifaceted challenges, particularly in vulnerable urban slum areas where the deplorable state of waste management has led to considerable littering and dumping. In association with the general absence of adequate drainage systems, and appalling sl...

Background Sociodemographic factors have been implicated in cardiovascular health with differential morbidity and mortality. It is essential to comprehend how sociodemographic factors contribute to the improvement of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), the primary cardiovascular diseases indicator. Objective Determine the role of sociodemographic factors i...

Over the past three decades, various countries and stakeholders have aimed at having cities that can better handle natural and human-made disasters, protect human life, absorb the impact of economic, environmental and social hazards and promote well-being, inclusive and sustainable growth. This paper investigates how informal ties result in in-fill...

The housing problem is considered one of the main problems that have been associated with the Egyptian city, whether in the cities of Upper Egypt that spread on both sides of the Nile from the south to the north or in the cities of the Delta. This problem has resulted in many urban phenomena and negatives that have been closely linked to the Egypti...

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and investigate the factors associated with intestinal parasitic diseases in children from an urban slum in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in children living in SEWA community, an urban slum located in Araguari, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The prevalence of intestinal parasito...