Polyps - Science topic

Hello Mrs. Mosarrat Rumman,

Improving endometrial cancer screening is indeed a matter of better pelvic ultrasound practice. Nevertheless, some scoring systems seem extremely promising to improve our approach.

I share here the REM score with the following links which combine four criteria: age, symptoms, HE4 dosage and finally endometrial thickness. This allows to reach a sensitivity of 93.9% and a specificity of 95.4%.

It is an extremely simple and fast tool where it is enough to draw a line by linking the different criteria of the system to obtain a score. The REM score has proven its effectiveness and seems to accelerate the patient's care.

1. Roberto Angioli, Stella Capriglione, Alessia Aloisi, Daniela Luvero, Ester Valentina Cafà, Nella Dugo, Roberto Montera, Carlo De Cicco Nardone, Corrado Terranova, Francesco Plotti; REM (Risk of Endometrial Malignancy): A Proposal for a New Scoring System to Evaluate Risk of Endometrial Malignancy. Clin Cancer Res 15 October 2013; 19 (20): 5733–5739.

2. Plotti F, Capriglione S, Terranova C, Montera R, Scaletta G, Lopez S, Luvero D, Gianina A, Aloisi A, Benedetti Panici P, Angioli R. Validation of REM score to predict endometrial cancer in patients with ultrasound endometrial abnormalities: results of a new independent dataset. Med Oncol. 2017 May;34(5):82. doi: 10.1007/s12032-017-0945-y. Epub 2017 Apr 7. PMID: 28389908.

3. Plotti F, Capriglione S, Scaletta G, Luvero D, Lopez S, Nastro FF, Terranova C, De Cicco Nardone C, Montera R, Angioli R. Implementing the Risk of Endometrial Malignancy Algorithm (REM) adding obesity as a predictive factor: Results of REM-B in a single-center survey. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2018 Jun;225:51-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2018.03.044. Epub 2018 Apr 7. PMID: 29660578.

Hi Lisa,

I think that you may find the 1899 paper by JH Ashworth in Journal of Cell Science of interest.

Tom

Hichem Moulahoum Thank you the detailed answer.

Thanks everyone for the very useful tips! I will have them into consideration when I encouter problems again.

I believe the main problem to be the universitality of the primers that were making everything difficult.

Paul Rutland Increasing the Ta inhibited the amplification, I got no bands at all.

Sibnarayan Datta The primers' stocks and diluted aliquots were new and working perfectly with gastropod taxa.

Heather E Doherty the long gel run is a great tip, thanks, I will dot it if the problem persists!

Angel del Marco i did not know SnapGene, I have been using Primer Blast tool to do a first evaluation of the primers vs taxa in study. I am using a commercial kit for total DNA as most of the samples are completely destroyed in the process and we are also using them to obtain nuclear sequences and SSR.

I eventually ordered COI primers specific for bryozoans, designed and published by colleagues, and the gels now seem more promising, I'm waiting for the sequencing results now.

Thanks everyone!

Hello Gonzalo,

could you solve your in situ problems? In my experience, these aspecific deposits are most often a consequence of “dirty” reagents (e.g. with dust, precipitates) or of problems with their pH. Also, your experiments used to work before! If your problem was only with the colorimetric ISH, I would have suggested to renew your NBT/BCIP stock and to add a pre-wash NTMT minus Mg buffer prior to staining reaction. Your problem seems more systemic, so for a start - it might seem trivial- I would recommend refreshing your stock of solutions. If it can be useful, I recently wrote a practical protocol for the urea in situ hybridisation, with tips and additional troubleshooting: https://bio-protocol.org/e3360

Let me know how it goes!

Hi Wolfgang Doerr

Thank you for your answer.

The source of the cell line we want to establish are from biopsys taken from patient. can you send me a link to a standard protocol?

thanks again!

Hello H.Rahmoune thank you for your help ! Awesome

It looks that an enterotomy made presumes the lesion benign. Hence following an enterotomy, such lipomatous polyps do not penetrate deeper than submucosa. Thus using a bipolar electro-surgical cautery and excision of this lesion to ensure sufficient hemostasis may also be equally efficient and effective technique. Close the enterotomy and come out. The specimen should be subjected to histological scrutiny. These lesions are sessile with no peduncle and one feeding vessel for the entire polyp. The bare area can be left as such.

Unfortunately, we dont have pictures for these cases, just by physical examination & intranasal palpation.

Good Day

Thanks to All

Budding is only a step of asexual reproduction. But in some species budding could be synonym with asexual reproduction.

How do the polyps actually bind to the calcium carbonate 'skeleton'?  If via collagen fibres have you tried using trypsin or collagenase to digest the polyps from the substrate?  Even with a long digest and shaking I don't imagine your yield would be that high though.  What about crushing the Coral in the presence of protease inhibitors and then using a DNA extraction kit (pelleting the coral fragments before applying the supernatant to a column).  Regarding the preseved fragments, if formalin has been used this causes crosslinking of DNA to proteins so whilst you may be able to isolate DNA it may be/will probably be of poor quality.  As such you will only be able to amplify short fragments.

All steroid Nasi drops are temporary.

For comparison I have added a photo of a normal Siderastrea siderea. In this colony, corallites are of equal size and the colony has a smooth surface. Possibly, the irregular corallites between the circular patches in the first photo indicate local hypertrophy. In case they are larger than average, and presuming a normal origin of the colony, other polyps may get less space and concentrate in round shallow cups. No answer to my original questions, but maybe this explains the process by which this pattern develops.

How do you propose to separate polyps from the skeleton?  I have never heard of this being done and resulting in whole, viable polyps freed of the skeleton.  it is certainly easy to separate coral tissue from the skeleton, but it will not form (or re-form) polyps, in my experience.

The only skeleton-free polyps I know of are those formed during a process called "polyp bail-out" (see "Polyp Bail-Out: An Escape Response to Environmental Stress and a New Means of Reproduction in Corals"  by Paul W. Sammarco, MARINE ECOLOGY - PROGRESS SERIES, 57-65, 1982 ) (available on line at http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/10/m010p057.pdf).

I don't know what is involved in your 7 day DNA sequencing preparation, so cannot tell if you really need live, whole polyps to do it.  If so, why do you need to remove them from the skeleton?

Also, does the coral you want to use contain symbiotic algae?  Even if it does not, you will certainly have a lot of bacteria present - have you taken this into account in your protocol?  You will have a lot of non-coral DNA present, from the algae (if present) and the bacteria.

I agree with Godfried that the guide by Fabricius and Alderslade is a good starting point. However,it stays at genus level ( which is probably very wise) and would not help for  positive identification at species level.  It is a good idea to get familiarised wih the anatomy of the soft corals and in this respect I recommend : Bayer FM, Grashoff M & Verseveldt J 1983  Illustrated trilingual glossary of morphological and anatomical terms applied to Octocorallia. EJ Brill, Leiden, 75 pp..

When you collect coral tissues they will contain Symbiodinium (unless it is an A-zooxanthelate coral), but it really should not bother you for the purpose of molecular taxonomy because your primers for the molecular work should be highly specific to scleractinian corals and not very general primers (that may bind to other organism).

As for the sperm collection, I would suggest you find a known gonochoric coral species, in which, every colony will spawn sperm or oocytes, collect several of those and isolate them in seperate aquariums during the expected spawning period, followed by the collection of reproductive output

Thank you a lot. That is exactly what I was looking for. I will give it a try and hope it will work out :)

amyloid substance in neuroendocrine tumor ( adenocarcinoid )

I destroy with hot snaring or HBFP any polyp under 10 mm whatever anticoagulation without any significant bleeding. Bleeding risk was a false problem. Anyway, heparin can be stopped easily or blocked in very special cases by using protamine. If anticoagulation can't be stopped and if you are very very anxious, you can put a plastic snare at the base, take a biopsy and in case of any question, control the site which could have been spotted with a tattoo!  

But much ado about almost nothing!

Hello  Michael,

I have ZERO experience in the medical imaging field but have over 40 years of experience with digital image analyses of satellite, aerial, and shipborne imaging (remote sensing) of the Earth surface (including acoustic imaging of the ocean surface) .  I have an interest in the application of some of the capabilities developed over 4 decades in remote sensing to the medical field.  I think that my expertise related to radiometric and geometric calibration, change detection, and spatial variability analyses might be useful in the medical field.   I retired from the federal government (USGS) after 38 years and currently am an adjunch research professor.

If you think this might be of interest let me know.

Pat

Genetic mutations are recorded in Fundic Gastric Polyps with a common APC/b-catenin pathway in both FAP and sporadic cases. The genetic mutations in Fundic Gastric Polyps might alter the biological behavior of the parietal cells, leading to increased exfoliation with clogging of the outlets of the glands.

No clear guidelines for the managemennt of these lesions are available at the best of my knowledge. They may be related to long term PPI use. I, usually, perform a endoscopi/histological follow-up and echo-endoscopy for the study of gastric wall, despite no case of malignancy was found in my personal small series.

I think you may have picked up a portion of a seminal vesicle (especially if this is a separate piece from the normal colon, which you said is at the bottom of the slide and out of the images).  While the magnification is pretty low, I don't see goblet cells in the epithelial component and the organization of the epithelium doesn't look quite colonic to me.  There also seems to be some bright pink secretory material in the interior of the spaces.  The connective tissue surrounding the structure also doesn't look like the typical two-layered muscularis of the GI tract.  A colonic polyp or adenoma would most likely be present protruding from the mucosal surface and into the lumen of the colon and will have a very similar appearance to the normal colonic mucosa (with goblet cells).  

Please visit this URL and enquire Dr Shimizu. He can help you

I have just published a paper about isolating ECM from human colon (you can download it from my Researchgate page). Have a look at the paper, you might have few hints.