Poaceae - Science topic

Dear colleagues, it is my pleasure to announce the special issue entitled "The Role of Forage in Sustainable Agriculture" under Grasses (ISSN 2813-3463). I am serving as guest editor of this issue alongside Dr. Steve Larson from USDA ARS. The deadline for manuscript submissions is January 31, 2025. You can find more information below or by clicking...

This study assessed the impact of total mixed ration silage of Megathyrsus maximus harvested with 70 cm composed of Megathyrsus maximus harvested at 70 cm in height and concentrate at the time of silage or total mixed ration of grass cut at 70 cm composed of Megathyrsus maximus harvested with 70 cm in height (in Exp. I and III) and total mixed rati...

The methanol extracts of Brachiaria sabia, and Brachiaria marandu leaves were evaluated for its ability to scavenge free radicals, reduce ferric iron, and function as an iron chelator. The extracts were subjected to HPLC analysis. The two Brachiaria species possessed strong antioxidant activity, with B. marandu had a higher percentage (%) of phenol...

The objective of this work was to determine the effect of solar radiation intensity of the grazing system on sheep behavior. Treatment 1, consisted of monoculture of natural grasses (47 ± 5 lux), treatment 2 of natural grasses with Leucaena leucocephala trees (34 ± 3 lux) and treatment 3 of natural grasses with Manguifera indica trees (16 ± 3 lux)....

Manures  Manures are plant and animal wastes used as nutrient sources  Release nutrients after decomposition  Grouped into bulky organic and concentrated organic manures Bulky Organic Manures  Contain small nutrient percentage, applied in large quantities  Include farmyard manure (FYM), compost, green manure  Advantages: o Supply nutrients in...

Le volume physique de l’adolescent semble varier selon les stimulations éco biologiques. L’influence de celles-ci, notamment de la ressource bio nutritive, sur la masse grasse n’est pas suffisamment étudiée. La présente étude se propose d’examiner l’influence du comportement alimentaire sur la masse grasse corporelle de l’adolescent. Elle porte sur...

Climate change and associated risks of extreme weather has led to growing interest in drought‐tolerant species such as lucerne ( Medicago sativa L.), tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and cocksfoot ( Dactylis glomerata L.) in mixed grass‐legume forage production in North‐Western Europe. Lucerne and grasses have distinct nutritive value tha...

Smaller grazers consistently show greater preference for recently burned patches than larger species. Energy optimization theory posits that this pattern is driven by small‐ versus large‐bodied herbivores seeking to maximize energy intake by choosing high‐quality recently burned grasses, or high‐quantity unburned grasses, respectively. We propose t...

The authors presented the results of scientific developments and devices for improvement and restoration of mountain pasture areas on degraded mountain slopes. The aim of the research is to develop a method and produce a small-size laboratory sample of block-module for grass seed sowing and surface application of mineral fertilizers on the basis of...

In Brazil, forage grasses constitute the basis of the herd's diet. The electrical conductivity test stands out for generating quick responses to differentiate batches at different levels of deterioration. However, further studies are needed to improve this practice for forage species. The objective of this work was to evaluate the electrical conduc...

The invasion of exotic species is a global problem that impacts natural ecosystems. Here, we assessed the impact of the annual grass Andropogon fastigiatus and the shrub Lepidaploa aurea, two native species commonly used in restoration projects in the Brazilian savannas, on the control of the invasive grass Urochloa decumbens. We did a plant compet...

Background/Objectives: The environmental problems associated with meat production, the pain and distress of animals, and health problems have contributed to the increased appreciation of meat alternatives. Methods: The review of patented inventions presenting plant-based meat analogues (PBMAs)issued in the years 2014-2023 was conducted according to...

The Pampa, one of Brazil's five biomes, is made up of extensive flat or gently undulating terrain, covered with grasses and shrubs, as well as small forests and hills. The Pampa also extends into Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay. However, it comprises 2/3 of the land area of the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The introduction of cattle (16th century)...

Conceptualizing Development Index Development constitute holistic and comprehensive advancement, progress or enhancement of society. Moreover, development may move in three directions. These directions constitute regressive, stagnation or progressive alterations, modifications or changes. Development within this postulated theory considers three in...

Bamboo, commonly known as "Green Gold" or "Poor Men's Timber," is an arborescent grass belonging to the Poaceae family. It is continuously gaining attention due to its diverse life forms, flowering patterns, and multipurpose utilities. Bamboos are cosmopolitan in distribution, widely adaptable, and growing naturally in Asia's tropical, subtropical,...

Background The invasive annual grass cheatgrass ( Bromus tectorum ) increases fuel continuity, alters patterns of fire spread, and changes plant communities in sagebrush shrublands of the Great Basin (USA) and adjacent sagebrush steppe, but no studies have contrasted its flammability to native perennial grasses. Understanding cheatgrass flammabilit...

The genus Isachne includes grasses which are found particularly in wetlands. Most of the species included in the genus are either endemic or rare, one of the exception being Isachne globosa, which is found in almost all regions from where the other species have been reported. Their rarity and diminutive florets make it difficult for taxonomists to...

Vous avez testé de nombreux régimes, essayé d’adopter une hygiène de vie contraignante et peut-être même intensifié votre programme d'activités physiques et sportives, mais les résultats se font toujours attendre. Pourquoi je n'arrive pas à maigrir ? Cette question, Nicolas Robin, Docteur en Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportiv...

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are a staple food worldwide, in addition to wheat, corn, rice, and wheat. In Indonesia, the potato commodity has received priority for development because it is a source of non-rice carbohydrates and has the potential for food diversification programs. Since 2016, Indonesian potato production has decreased due to att...

The nutritional variations of food plants play a significant role in the health and population dynamics of wildlife. The body conditions of vulnerable greater one-horned (GOH) rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) in Manas National Park, Assam, India deteriorate noticeably during the late monsoon to winter, and improve after routine grassland burning,...

The site of Kromdraai is known for the first discovery of Paranthropus robustus remains. Research conducted at Kromdraai shows its rich fossiliferous deposits, geological complexity and potential to highlight the evolutionary history of Plio-Pleistocene hominin lineages in a dynamic and changing environment. Here, we provide the results of the firs...

In the summer of 2019, a severe stem canker disease affected potato (Solanum tuberosum) plants in a 10-hectare commercial field in Kermanshah province, Iran. Approximately 10% of the plants exhibited wilting, leaf yellowing and brown stem lesions with black sporodochia. Infected plants produced small tubers with no visible lesions. Ten fungal isola...

The sustainability of energy sources has been among the world’s most important issues from past to present. Existing fossil energy sources are limited and cause significant environmental damage. Consequently, interest in renewable energy sources continues to increase. Biomass energy is one of the primary sources used to provide energy sustainably w...

The intensification of agriculture has promoted the simplification and specialization of agroecosystems, resulting in negative impacts such as decreasing landscape heterogeneity and increasing use of plant protection products (PPP), with the acceleration of PPP transfers to environmental compartments and loss in biodiversity. In this context, the p...

C4 photosynthesis is one of three metabolic pathways found in the photosynthetic tissues of vascular plants for assimilation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Like crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis, C4 photosynthesis has evolved from the ancestral C3 pathway. C4 photosynthesis is an adaptation that enhances CO2 assimilation in wa...

While most studies of species coexistence focus on the mechanisms that maintain coexistence, it is equally important to understand the mechanisms that structure failed coexistence. For example, California annual grasslands are heavily invaded ecosystems, where non‐native annuals have largely dominated and replaced native communities. These systems...

Currently, the main directions of scientific research in the field of agriculture are related to the issue of environmental protection and the rational use of natural resources. This issue is especially acute in relation to the soil. Its contamination occurs with substances of chemical and biological origin above the maximum permissible concentrati...

Sclerotinia borealis is among the most psychrophilic snow mold pathogen, mainly attacking Poaceae crops such as winter wheat and forage grasses as well as non-Poaceae plants under snow. Isolates were collected through the extensive surveys from North Atlantic islands through European and Asian Russia to Japan. Morphological characterization as well...

Modern agriculture faces the challenge of increasing production without expanding cultivated areas, promoting sustainable practices that ensure food security and environmental preservation. Integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLSs) stand out as an effective strategy, diversifying and intensifying agricultural production in a sustainable manner, ens...

The study investigates the comparative analysis of biochar from vegetable raw materials and paper. The analysis revealed that biochar from the raw materials we studied showed that biochar has an alkaline reaction of the medium, which means it can be used on acidic soils. The study found that according to the content of nitrogen and phosphorus, the...

Plant invasions may alter vector abundance by several mechanistic pathways, including modifying microclimates that influence vector survival or changing habitats to influence host use. Here, we used a field experiment and observational data to evaluate multiple mechanistic pathways (tick survival and host abundance) by which plant invasions may alt...

Land management by seasonal migratory herding, traditionally implemented by pastoralists, has allowed semi-arid rangeland ecosystems to remain productive and resilient to highly erratic, seasonal rainfall patterns. Changing pastoralist practices and rainfall patterns due to climate change have the potential to negatively influence the resilience of...

This paper investigates the impacts of policy and governance institutions on rangeland management practices in southern Africa. A scoping review was conducted, using literature from Web of Science, JSTOR, Scopus and Africa-wide bibliographic databases in the past three decades. The results revealed that several initiatives have been implemented in...

Irrigation of grasses dominates domestic water use across the globe, and better understanding of water use and drought resistance in grasses is of undeniable importance for water conservation. Breeding programs have released cultivars with improved drought resistance, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We sought to characterize the mecha...

Grazing livestock in grasslands face the challenge of obtaining sufficient nutrition due to uneven distribution of plant species and fluctuating vegetation productivity and nutrient levels. In northern China, Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis are the dominant perennial species in native grasslands, but they provide limited nutrition compared to fo...

Eremurus M. Bieb. Род Eremurus относится к семейству Asphodelaceae и объе-диняет в целом более 70 видов, являющихся многолетними травами с веретенообразно утолщенными корнями и прикорневыми листьями. Во флоре Казахстана род Eremurus представлен 15 видами, из них 2 эндемика. Ареал рода охватывает Западную Азию и Ирано-Туранскую область, причем наибо...

Purpose The relationship between root tensile strengths and diameters is often fitted using power law curves. More accurate fitting methodologies were developed, investigating a) the validity of least-squares regression assumptions underlying existing methods, b) how to best quantify intra-diameter variation, and c) whether to fit in terms of tensi...

The fundamental leucine zipper (bZIP) genes play a crucial role as transcriptional coactivators in plants. Pseudoroegneria libanotica served as the maternal contributor to several species within the tribe Triticeae (Poaceae), exhibiting commendable resilience to various stressors. Consequently, bZIP genes of Pseudoroegneria libanotica response to a...

Unlike specialist browsers and grazers, the diets of mixed-feeding megaherbivores like elephants are complex and broad, comprising numerous plant species of variable nutritional quality. Here, we revisit an unresolved debate on whether browse is more nutritious than grasses for elephants, as browse is thought to have greater crude protein content....

Weeds belonging to the Amaranthus family are most problematic for soybean producers. With Palmer amaranth evolving resistance to multiple herbicides labeled for use in soybean, producers seek new sites of action to integrate into season-long herbicide programs. Bayer CropScience plans to launch a Convintro™ brand of herbicides, one being a premixtu...

Mexican lawn grass (Zoysia matrella) is a perennial mat-forming species suited for the landscaping industry due to its versatile adaptability. The pleasing appearance of the lawn grasses can be achieved through mowing at regular intervals to avoid a shabby appearance, which requires skilled persons and ends up with expensive operation. Under these...

Las características físicas de las mieles son atributos importantes para los consumidores al momento de elegir una miel sobre otra; debido a esto, conocer estos parámetros y su origen botánico son fundamentales para determinar su calidad y precio. En el presente estudio se determinó el color, humedad y contenido polínico en las mieles colectadas en...

Ptilagrostis (false needlegrass) is a genus of high-mountain grasses distributed in Central and North-East Asia, as well as in North America. The phylogenetic position of the genus Ptilagrostis within the Stipeae is well defined based on micromorphological patterns of lemma epidermis and moleculs. However, there is a lack of a comprehensive taxonom...

The article provides a brief description of a new variety of meadow clover Olymp according to morphological, biological, ecological, and economic traits. The study in competitive variety testing was carried out at the breeding site of the Department of breeding and seed production of perennial grasses of the Ural Research Institute of Agricultural...

The introduction of a highly productive species of the giant miscanthus (Miscanthus giganteus L.) with high cellulose content in the stems and the extension of the cultivation boundaries of promising varieties and decorative species is relevant. Miscanthus sinensis is native to the southern Primorsky region. This is a perennial herbaceous plant of...

Density fractionation is commonly used to isolate organic matter in soils based on organo-mineral associations. Not only mineral horizons but also organic horizons contain mineral components. Soil samples for density fractionation are sometimes air-dried or freeze-dried, which can introduce unexpected biases in the results. In this study, we compar...

Palm trees play important cultural, ecological, and economic roles in the tropics. Native palm species such as the royal palm, Roystonea borinquena O.F. Cook, are extensively planted in landscapes and urban areas of Hispaniola, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Worldwide, palms are affected by diseases commonly known as lethal yellowing associate...

RESUMEN Los verdeos invernales y las pasturas consociadas son la fuente de alimentación más importante de los rumiantes en la Región Pampeana. A nivel global se reconoce al nitrógeno como un factor que limita la producción de forraje, sin embargo, a pesar de los numerosos estudios locales que muestran respuestas positivas, la fertilización nitrogen...

Sorghum is a self-pollinating species belonging to the Poaceae family characterized by a resistance to drought higher than that of corn. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) has been grown for centuries as a food crop in tropical areas where it has an increasing importance, particularly as a cereal option for people with celiac disease. Over the pas...

High-elevation and cold regions have harsh natural conditions with low temperatures and intense ultraviolet radiation, which impede plant growth and maintenance. Therefore, soil and water conservation vegetation restoration models are of great significance. In this study, a site condition analysis was performed based on three main limiting factors,...

Summer rice fallows are the potential areas for crop diversification with millets. A field experiment was conducted at Integrated Farming System Research Station (IFSRS), Karamana during summer season of 2023-24 with an objective to find out the effect of tillage method and establishment method on weed dynamics and soil health. The field experiment...

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a highly destructive agricultural pest. The ability of S. frugiperda to survive and reproduce is widely recognized, but it is also important to consider the role of larval cannibalism as a significant biological trait. Understanding the cannibalistic habits of pests...

In the era of the intensive use of mineral fertilizers, which results in a negative impact on the natural environment, it is necessary to use agrotechnical practices that use the potential of biodegradable waste. The physicochemical properties of the substrate after mushroom cultivation (SMS—spent mushroom substrate) mean that this waste can be a s...

A field experiment was conducted to study migration of the toxic elements from the flotation tailings of copper smelter slags after sulphuric acid leaching into high-moor peat and lawn grasses. Leaching wastes were studied by X-ray fluorescence, spectral analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. It has been established th...

Ban on burning of sugarcane plant residues and partial or full straw removal, as well as its heterogeneous distribution in a field, affect the weed flora and dynamics of herbicides applied as pre-emergence. This study aimed to evaluate whether pre-emergence herbicides applied directly to the soil or onto different sugarcane straw amounts could effi...

Background A new species of smut fungus, Urocystis heteropogonis, was discovered infecting Heteropogon contortus in Shawar Valley, Swat district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study aimed to characterize this fungus based on its morpho-anatomical and molecular features and clarify its phylogenetic position within the genus Urocystis. Results U...

A total of 614 specimen of pagellus erythrinus fished from the costal waters of Tripoli area were collected on monthly basis from October 2019 untill September 2020. The resuts showed that the total length ranged from 12.1cm to 30.6cm and the total weight margins between 12.1gm and 340.4gm and the gastro somatic index (GSI) 1.70 recorded during win...

Imperata cylindrica Beauv.var. major (Nees) C.E.Hubb., commonly known as BaiMaoGen (BMG), a medicinal and edible traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) herb commonly used in health supplements, has been observed to offer protective effects against gastrointestinal disorders. However, the specific bioactive compounds and their molecular mechanisms have...

Bayer CropScience anticipates launching several premixtures for use in soybean, targeted at control of Palmer amaranth. One of the premixtures will contain diflufenican (WSSA Group 12), metribuzin (Group 5), and flufenacet (Group 15) (DFF-containing premixture), offering an alternative site of action for soybean producers. Field experiments were co...

Background Wild oat (Avena fatua L.) is a self-pollinating, allohexaploid species in the family Gramineae (grasses), which is a malignant weed that mainly harms crops such as wheat. In recent years, a decline in the control efficiency of flucarbazone-sodium against wild oat has occurred in some regions of China. Results We identified an ALS-resist...

A new species from China, Elymus multiramosus Y.C. Zhang, sp. nov. is described and illustrated herein, based on morphological characters and molecular phylogenetic analysis. The taxonomic descriptions of E. multiramosus and the comparison with related species are presented. The taxonomic distinctiveness of this new species was inferred by Maximum...

The article unravels the issue of the supposed occurrence of a narrow-range species Alopecurus laguriformis Schur ex Griseb. & Schenk in Ukraine. The study shows that this information originated from Zapałowicz's (1889, 1906) publications based on wrongly determined specimens of A. pratensis. Revision of literature and herbarium data as well as fie...

Drylands, which cover more than 40% of the Earth's terrestrial surface, face rising agricultural demand and the influence of climate change. Understanding how livestock grazing pressure and local climate affect these environments is pivotal for informed land management. We studied big sagebrush plant communities in southwestern Wyoming over grazing...

A high‐resolution palynological record from northwest Belgium is presented. The record encompasses the second part of the Younger Dryas and the Early Holocene. The basal part of the pollen record reflects a relatively open landscape, characteristic for the Younger Dryas. The transition to the Holocene is marked by an expansion of birch woodland, fo...

Bird populations inhabiting the Rio de la Plata Grasslands in southern Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay are known to be affected by livestock grazing practices. Cattle grazing can lead to changes in bird assemblages by affecting the heterogeneity of vegetation structures. We conducted a meta-analysis using studies that reported bird richness and abun...

Plants shape their surrounding soil, influencing subsequent plant growth in a phenomenon known as plant–soil feedback (PSF). This feedback is driven by chemical and microbial legacies. Here, we cultivated six crops from two functional groups, i.e., three grasses (Lolium, Triticum, and Zea) and three legumes (Glycine, Lens, and Medicago), to conditi...

Las invasiones biológicas representan una de las amenazas de origen humano más importantes para la biodiversidad en islas oceánicas, junto con el cambio climático y la destrucción del hábitat. Este capítulo analiza los mecanismos que han impulsado el aumento de especies de plantas introducidas e invasoras en las islas Canarias, diferenciando entre...