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Plant Molecular Biology - Science topic
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Questions related to Plant Molecular Biology
for oxalate, i used 1g sample, 75ml 0f 3M H2SO4 to soak it. filtered and took 25ml aliquot and warm and titrate against 0,05M KMnO4. (1ml KMnO4=2.2mg).
for phytate, i used 2g sample, soak with 100ml 0f 2%HCl, filter and took 25ml aliquot and to it, 53.5ml dH20 was added. 10ml 0.3% ammonium thiocyanate soln was added and titrated against standard iron III chloride containing 0.00195n iron/ml.
how do i determine these values in mg/100g?
thanks. swift response is anticipated
Please inform me about the International Conference on Plant Molecular Biology, or Plant Biology, scheduled for December 2024, January/February, or March 2025.
Co-authors required for a review paper.
Tentative title:
'Spatial multi-omics for dissecting molecular features of plant growth and development'.
Target Journal: MDPI group of Journals (Impact Factor 5.5, Cite score 8.3).
Charges: Fully funded by the corresponding author. Other authors need not pay any charges. No remuneration would be paid to any participating authors.
Deadline: 20th October 2023.
Position: 1st, 2nd, and corresponding already engaged/booked.
Venture: International involving authors from a number of nations.
The authors are expected to have a Ph.D. in Botany (plant physiology, plant molecular biology, genetics special), Plant Molecular biology, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology or allied disciplines with a very strong command of English. The authors are also expected to have exposure to scientific papers and article writing. Authors should have a thorough knowledge of word processing software and reference automation via Mendeley or Zotero.
Interested candidates may communicate personally with email id and WhatsApp number.
Co-authors required for a review paper.
Tentative title:
'Morphological anomalies in plants during water stress'.
'Anatomical anomalies in plants during water stress'
Publisher: CRC Press
Charges. No remuneration would be paid to any participating authors. There is no publication charge.
Deadline: 30th September 2023.
Position: 1st, 2nd, and corresponding already engaged/booked.
Venture: International involving authors from a number of nations.
The authors are expected to have a Ph.D. in Botany (plant physiology, plant molecular biology, genetics special), Plant Molecular biology, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology or allied disciplines with a very strong command of English. The authors are also expected to have exposure to scientific papers and article writing. Authors should have a thorough knowledge of word processing software and reference automation via Mendeley or Zotero.
Interested candidates may communicate personally.
Co-authors required for a review paper.
Tentative title:
'Epigenetics and epigenomics for advancing breeding programs of climate-resilient crops'.
Target Journal: MDPI group of Journals (Impact Factor 3.2).
Charges: Fully funded by the corresponding author. Other authors need not pay any charges. No remuneration would be paid to any participating authors.
Deadline: 30th September 2023.
Position: 1st, 2nd,3rd and corresponding already engaged/booked.
Venture: International involving authors from a number of nations.
The authors are expected to have a Ph.D. in Botany (plant physiology, plant molecular biology, genetics special), Plant Molecular biology, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology or allied disciplines with a very strong command of English. The authors are also expected to have exposure to scientific papers and article writing. Authors should have a thorough knowledge of word processing software and reference automation via Mendeley or Zotero.
Interested candidates may communicate personally.
Hi!
I would be interested in working with Arabidopsis cell culture. I know PSB-D (https://www.arabidopsis.org/servlet/TairObject?id=4502009498&type=stock), but their origin is the stem... would you know other Arabidopsis cells coming from roots? And where could I obtain them? Thank you in advance
Hi everyone,
I work with Arabidopsis thaliana.
I want to know what is the best strategy to strore plant saplings after the treatment to preserve the quality of RNA (at least for a week).
1. Is it adviseable to flash freeze sapling in a microcetrifuge tube in liquid nitrogen and keep it in -80
or
2. Is it better to add RNA lysis buffer, crush the samples and then flash freeze and keep it in -80.
or
3. I should just add the RNA lysis buffer without crushing the saplings?
I know if I flash freeze the saplings without any buffer the ice crystals will still puncture the plant cell, might lead the slow yet possile RNAse activity thereby RNA damage, wherease I think adding RNA lysis buffer will act as inhibitior of that slow RNAse activity during the storage period.
Any other suggestions are most welcome.
I will be happy to get other useful advices that work in your case.
thanks
Res. Sir/ Madam,
I am working as Scientist (Horticulture) and my research focus is improvement of tropical and semi arid fruits. I am also interested in working out role of nutrients in fruit based cropping systems.
Looking for collaborators from the field of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Horticulture, Agricultural Statistics, Soil Science and Agronomy.
Currently working on Genetic analysis for fruit traits in Jamun (Indian Blackberry).
Hello everyone!
My problem is that unfortunately I am getting a good Ct value in NTC (NFW). I have tried three different primer sets (Target of three different genes) with NFW from different sources and surprisingly each primer set returned with a good Ct values.
Believing that SYBR-green (fast) could have been contaminated so, I used a totally new SYBR-green reagent yet there was no significant change observed upon RT-PCR.
I ordered new set of primers for same genes thinking that might be stock primers were contaminated and repeated RT-PCR with new SYBR green and fresh NFW yet I see there is very mild yet not a big difference in Ct values.
I use gloves and filter tips all the time.
I will be very grateful if anyone can give me some useful suggestion or insight to fix this never ending problem.
Reaction volume per well= 20ul
Primer conc.- 1uM each (FP/RP)
amplicon size ≈ 70-80 bp
Gene 1 Ct= 19
Gene 2 Ct ≈ 26-28
Thanks!
I performed micrografting on mutant for ABA transport and most of them didn't succed. I'm considering that the mutation might have hindered the vascular regeneration. Do you know how ABA could affect vascular regeneration?
I have used RefFinder (www.heartcure.com.au/reffinder/) to rank and help me select various reference genes for my qPCR experiments. The reference on their website (Xie et al, Plant Molecular Biology) does not truly go into their algorithm so I am looking for a better reference to cite when I publish. Does anyone know of one?
In plants, phyohormones induced responses generally see the binding of transcription factors to the special motifs present in the promoter of a downstream gene. After a few preliminary results, I was checking if the well known DNA binding element is present in my gene's promoter or not. Although I found a few variant of the original motif sequence in the promoter region, the exact motif which I was looking for I found is present in some +100 base pairs down to the start codon. In my understanding as far as I know, the DNA binding elements (motifs) are generally found in the upstream of the protein encoding region (promoter usually). But does anyone knows about cases where transcription factor binding sites, the DNA motifs are also present inside the gene itself?
Hello everyone!
My protein which has a GFP tag is well expressed in nuclei. To visualize cell boundaries in different layers of the root sample, I am planning to counter stain my samples with propidium iodide and DAPI.
I will be taking images using 3i spinning disc confocal microscope.
I want to know if anyone has a working protocol for such settings.
Earlier, I tried Hoechst 33342 to stain nuclei but it appears that even incubating for 30 minutes, the stain was not able go inside the cells as the cell boundaries were clearly visible during microscopy. I tried DAPI as well, but the background was very high even after 3-4 washes and the intensity of nuclei was not great.
I will appreciate if you could share with me your experiences and suggestions regarding my question.
Thanks!
So I have always used Hygromycin/Kanamycin selection for Arabidopsis but this is my first time I am using methotrexate for selection of T0 transformed plants. Plants with hygromycin resistance I generally keep in dark and in3-4 days the one with resistance grows well.
I found only 2-3 papers where methotrexate has been used and it was not clearly mentioned that if there are more conditions for methotrexate selection other than just ading methotrexate to MS medium.
The working concentration I am using is 0.1mg/L.
Please let me know if you have experience with Methotrexate selection.
Thanks in advance.
CTAB Extraction Buffer (1.4 mmol m-3 NaCl, 20 mol m-3 ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA), 100 mol m-3 Tris-HCl (pH 8.0) and 0.2% (w/v) beta-mercaptoethanol)is not working. Any suggestions?
Is BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-Associated receptor Kinase 1 (BAK1) a plant resistance (R) gene?
As you know, Monstera is very popular house plant and some has unusual mutation with reduced number of chlorophyll and in some cases, chlorophyll pigments completely lost in leaves. Is it possible to make chlorophyll degradation in leaves under lab conditions?
Can the hypersensitive response occur as part of PAMP-Triggered Immunity (PTI) as well as Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI)?
Are resistance (R) proteins (encoded by R genes) involved in pathogen Avr protein recognition/interaction only? Or do genes associated with plant immune signalling or other pathogen defence mechanisms also fall into the category of R gene? For example pathogeneis related (PR) protein encoding genes or genes involved in salicylic acid signalling?
Are resistance (R) genes expressed in response to pathogen attack - or only defense genes - as part of the plant immune response? R proteins act as receptors to recognize pathogen effectors and an interaction between R protein and effector stimulates Effector Triggered Immunity (ETI) which itself involves the expression of defense related genes. However, are R genes also expressed as part of ETI?
Hi everyone!
I have a few lines of a particular gene of which the earlier (T2 ratio) are not known. I want to do antibiotic selection of these seeds and I want to know which plants of next generation (T3) are going to be homozygous. Is there an easy way to confirm number of T-DNA insertion of my gene present in genome of individual plants? Like some PCR strategy.
Is there a database of presently identified grapevine disease resistance loci?
Are plant pathogenesis-related protein genes, mlo genes, and SNARE protein defense genes classified as resistance (R) genes? Or do they fall into a different category?
How well understood is pathogen response MAPK signalling in plants?
Are pathogenesis-related proteins and antimicrobial peptides encoded by plant resistance genes (R genes)?
I'm unsure if the genes for these proteins/peptides are types of R genes?
How does MAPK signalling work in plants in response to pathogen infection?
Dear Researchers,
I am doing transformation in cotton plant. Now I want to check GFP expression in transformed tissue. Can anyone suggest a standard protocol for preparing tissue sample to visualize GFP under fluorescence microscope? Thanks in advance.
I can not find Kana promoter in the map, e.g., pet28, while AmpR promoter is always indicated. Then what is the Kana promoter sequence?
And can E. coli containing a plasmid with KanMX(TEF promoter and terminator) resist to Kanamycin?
Hi all,
In my lab we are designing some acute osmotic and salt treatments in plants of a endemic tomato variety to analyze the relative transcript levels of different genes by qRT-PCR at different times. One of the discussion we are having is how to perform the sampling. In one hand, some believe that the best is to pool samples and then perform the RNA extraction (3 plant per pool and 2 pool) and in other hand some believe in perform the RNA extraction and qRT-PCR experiments in each individual without pooling samples.
What do you recommend is the best approach?
Thanks!
Hello everyone!
I am working on a gene from Arabidopsis. Initially using the GUS staining I found the reagents and the conditions which altered the expression of my gene differently in shoot and root parts.
To further check the expression of gene at mRNA level I used the same set of conditions and did RNA isolation, cDNA preparation followed by RT-PCR. (primer efficiency were checked and RNA quality was monitored).
Please look at the image I have attached.
You could see that the untreated (control) whole sapling shows to have at least 1.5 fold upregulated gene expression in compare to NaCl and ABA treated whole samplings. Whereas, the root of the control (untreated) sampling shows approx. 2 fold reduction in gene expression in compare to NaCl and ABA treated root samples. The shoot samples of control (untreated) and treated (NaCl and ABA) shows not much difference.
How it could it be possible that the control (untreated) whole saplings have higher gene expression in compare to treated whole saplings when the gene expression levels are higher in the root samples of treated plants in compare to control root samples?
in all treatments, intact saplings (root + shoot) were incubated in different reagents for a defined time length. The roots and shoots were separated after the incubation period was over and RNA isolation was performed.
I want to add 1 ug or (1000ng ) of Plasmid DNA in a reaction mixture and add water for a final volume of 50 ul. my plasmid DNA a concentration of 68.47 ng/ul in which I have total DNA volume 25ul. How much ul should i have been used into my mixture? dear any one help me. Thanks in advance
Does anyone who know how many genes control parthenoecapy? Previous study of satsuma mandarin as seed parent, the result in favors of at least two co-dominant gene govern parthenocarpy. The detail function for each gene related to parthenocarpy is not clear. How should we consider the mechanism of parthenocarpy in citrus?
I woul need a good journal to publish next generation sequencing given snp data of a plant gene.
I'm looking for an alternative method from the Qiagen RNeasy Plant Mini kit to isolate total RNA from Cotton root tissue.
I'm considering using the TRIZOL reagent to hopefully get a higher RNA yield, but I've read that TRIZOL extraction produces RNA with a high level of carbohydrates (and thus a low 260/230 ratio). This would produce a sample that is far too impure to perform cDNA synthesis, so it's important that whatever method I use either produces RNA isolates with a high 260/280 and 260/230 ratio after extraction, or yields a high enough RNA concentration that I can do multiple ethanol washes without loosing too much of my isolates.
Does anyone have any experience using the TRIZOL reagent to extract RNA from Cotton tissues, namely the root systems?
Can this be accomplished using Cas9 and two sgRNAs targeting genomic sites over 100 kb away from each other? I want to do this in a plant that is transformable, but for which there are no reports of using CRISPR. If it is feasible, what range of editing frequency can I expect to achieve? Any literature sources on the use of gene editing for long deletions in plants generally?
Dear Colleagues/Editors/Reviewers,
Comment those journals which are going to receive its first impact factor in JUNE 2020 and currently indexed in ESCI, SCOPUS, PubMed, etc.
Journals must be related to plant physiology, plant biology, plant sciences, agriculture, and biotechnology, etc.
Note. Please don't comment any predatory journals. Thanks in advance.
Regards
Ali
hello,
I got data on 25 germplasm lines for flowering time. I want to plot box plots of best linear unbiased predictors with error bars (either by taking SE or SD) by taking flowering time on X axis and germplasm lines on Y-axis. The three replication data for the germplasm lines and check variety for flowering time was recorded and i want to show the variability present in the flowering time.
Kindly suggest the best software to do this.
ashok
Hello,
I have some small secreted proteins which have the ability to move from plant to fungi. As they can move between plant and fungi, I assume these small secreted proteins have some domains responsible for their movement such as export and import domains. I am planning to generate a series of deletion constructs to identify domains that are responsible for protein movement. What might be the good experimental strategy to identify the domains? Is there any good system or experimental strategy that I can use for quick testing of my deletion constructs?
Thanks in advance
Does anyone know a good protocol to isolate RNA from cucurbitaceous seeds? We are trying to detect viral RNA in seeds by using the silica RNA extraction method but we cannot see any RNA when the samples are electrophoresed in 1,5% agarose gel. Any ideas?
Hi All,
I am looking for several plant expression vectors (pML-BART, pART27 and pART7). Could anyone please tell me where I can find these vectors? I have searched in google but did not get any source where I can buy them.
Thanks,
Dr. Mahmudul Hassan
Postdoctoral Research
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA
Recently I work on Isolation & Identification of rhizobia bacteria of chickpea & groundnut.I want to know which rhizobia bacteria can create nodule of chickpea & groundnut/peanut.Please anyone help me so I will gratitude to you.Advance thanks.
Hello,
Can anyone please provide me a detail protocol for coating gRNA and Cas9 protein onto gold/tungsten particles for particle bombardment in plants.
Thanks!
We have isolated a Xanthomonas from Salvia with leaf spots. The isolate could not be identified yet, as it was not amplifyable using the gyr primers of Parkinson. It was identified as X. sp. via biochemical tests and 16S DNA sequencing.
Dear all
i plan to extract the mitochondrial DNA and RNA from plant tissues to identify and analyse the process of RNA editing.
in this case i have been searching online but there seems to be more protocols with a numerous reagents and steps.
i was wondering if any company like Qiagen, Thermofisher or.... offer any kit which is fast and reliable so that i can buy.
regards
Hello Everyone!
I am new to plant molecular biology and i have a doubt. Is it always necessary to clone a plant gene in an entry vector (such as pJET, pGEM®-T Easy vector) before cloning into a destination expression vectors such as pCAMBIA? what are the advantages? Thanks in advance.
I found a paper on the plant journal. In BiFC, the authors fuse YFPN to C-terminal of a plasma membrane protein called RSL1 (at the outside of the cell). And they fuse YFPC to a soluble protein (in the cytosol, ABA receptor in this paper). The results show that there are interaction on plasma membrane between the two protein. The author said: "The TM domain of RSL1 is only 20 AAs large and there are a few AAs behind. We guess the GFP protein does not cross completely the membrane to the outside face of the cell." How can GFP not cross completely the membrane? What does this mean? Is this possible?
i am doing molecular characterization of citrus germplasm, Presently ihave started using some of the SSR markers published in Citrus sinesis genome paper. Presently i evaluating the PCR products on 4% metaphor gels. i am getting bands of different sizes and in some cases present and absent type of bands. SInce i am amateur in scoring molecular markers. i want to know is there any article published explaining how to score a SSR marker for further analysis. thank you
Best branded machines for my research work for the following instruments
PCR
Gel Documentation system
Cooling centrifuge
Use of Biochar for plant infecting virus
Hi, I'm currently writing my paper, and I have to compare some DNA sequences. But I found some samples were already been analyzed,
so I used analyzed data from NCBI and my own new data to comparison.
Now I want to state clearly that I used their data in my paper,
what is the best way to do it?
writing their GeneBank accession No. and put the papers in my references?
I'm worried if that is not enough. Should I contact the authors of the paper?
Help me with some experience! Thank you !
In VIGS we silence genes but i wish to know if the silencing signal spreads in root or not. Putting it in other way, are silencing signals by VIGS or dS RNA degradation spreads equally from top (shoot/leaf) to bottom (roots) and bottom to roots (consider a RNAi construct in hairy root or VIGS) in plant systems.
For example the large carpenter bees can visit Calotropis or other wild bees visit Peganum. I would like to understand how the bee deal with these plants and is the nectar of these plants contain the same toxic contents of the whole plant?
Hi,
I have 200++ SSR markers across genome, but I don't have enough resources to test all the SSRs on my samples. And I want to select SSRs that are distributed uniformly in each chromosome. How do I know which is the most suitable?
I have found a Riccardia sp. in Himalayas with comparatively larger epidermal cells than the medullary cells (in stem section), however seems different from recently described R. elizabethae primarily due to lack of trigones in cells. Further, the epidermal cells shows brown pigmentation also. Can someone please inform about any other species with these character and suggest any reference about the same.
Recently I tried to knock out a gene in rice using CRISPR CAS9. I got heterozygous plants with different mutations combination like (-3,-1) and (-6,-2) in T0 (I confirmed the genotype of T0 by TA cloning). After selfing the T0 transgenic plants (-3,-1), in T1 generation, I got only (-3, -3) homozygous plants. There were no heterozygous (-3,-1) or homozygous (-1.-1). The homozygous (-1.-1) may be lethal but I don’t understand how I could not get heterozygous plants (-3,-1). I completely lost (-1) mutation in T1 progeny. Any possible explanation for this???
what is molecular pathway that is triggered under shade which boosts the plant height?
Which is the best protocol to extract RNA from grape leaves?
Dear friends,
Today I have got Atomic absorption data of my plant sample in which I have got one sample showing 497.1 microgram/L means in PPB and the Blank reading is 16 PPB
Now I would like to know the calculation formula of AAS data. The sample was solid material which was around 70 mg weighted and it was acid digested followed by made upto 50 ml final volume.
Blank was also processed same except material
Kindly refer me the exact formula to calculate the metal in plant sample with subtracting the blank.
I’m trying to extract RNA from anther of GMS line of cotton. I’ve used trazol method and modified CTAB but I didn’t get result.
Is there any suggestion?
Hi folks,
I have a dataset where I'm exploring the changes in frequency and type of alleles within populations. I'm particularly interested in measuring allele frequency changes to rare alleles. Can any one suggest a particularly good metric or index of rarity?
Alternatively, can you recognize this index of rarity? A long time ago, I wrote down this equation but I *think* I may have written down the wrong author (Martin et al. 2004 is all that's scribbled in my notes). If you recognize the source of this equation, I'd be eternally greatful!
Have a great day,
LC
Begonias are sensitive to Oryzalin herbicide and it is not used for Begonia Polyploidy studies and i doubt if Begonia mini cutting can survive Oryzalin Treatments .
I want to use this article as base of treatments for my works
I generated several transgenic Arabidopsis lines that contain a T-DNA in which two transgenes (Gene A and Gene B: see attached figure for more details) are linked. Each transgene has its own promoter and terminator. When I measured the relative expression of each transgene in the transgene lines, I found that the expression of each transgene was highly variable between lines which is probably due to the integration of the transgenic cassette in different genomic position. Most importantly, there was a significant difference between the expression of Gene A and Gene B in most of the lines whereas equal expression was found in one line. As both gene experience the same position effect,
1. Why was there a difference in expression between Gene A and Gene B. I guess this probably due to the difference in promoter strength. If this is due to promoter strength, then why in one line they are expressing equally?
2. Is there any other explanation besides those I mentioned above?
3. How should I test whether the difference in expression of Gene A and Gene B in the same line is a promoter effect?
I would like to request researchgate people to comment on the following abstract. Does this report any findings, or convey a message? What are the weakness of this abstract?
Improved design of a synthetic Bt gene stack and testing its insecticidal efficacy in the model plant Arabidopsis
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal toxin protein encoded by Cry gene is a widely used technology to control insect pest in the crop field. However, development of insect resistant to Cry genes has appeared as a major threat to the durability of this approach, and thus urgent action is required to overcome this problem. Out of many available approaches, stacking of multiple Cry genes in the same plant is thought as the best strategy to delay the development of insect resistant to Cry genes. Here we report the insecticidal activity of a genetically engineered Bt gene stack consisting of Cry1B/Cry1C genes in the model plant Arabidopsis. Cry1B/Cry1C genes were designed to produce a novel version which is free of IP. Components which have the freedom to operate were used to test the insecticidal activity of the modified Cry1B/Cry1C gene stack. Availability of technology that does not require licensing agreement to use, is one of the main barrier to develop GM crops by public sector organizations in the developing countries. Thus, it is expected that the modified Cry1B/Cry1C gene stack will be a valuable tool to develop GM crops for public or humanitarian use in the developing nations.
I am trying to identify and elucidate the function of a gene (let say X) in Brassica napus that control flower development in Arabidopsis. Using the sequence of Arabidopsis X, I conducted a phlyogenetic analysis based on protein sequence data. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that there is a single X in Brassica napus genome. After phylogenetic analysis, I isolated the cDNA sequence of X from Brassica napus by RT-PCR and then sequenced 20 randomly selected clone. When the coding sequences of these clones were compared, they revealed two unique sequence which were highly homologous except single nucleotide variation in some position of the coding sequence. When the two unique sequences of Brassica napus X were compared to its progenitor (Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea X), I found that both of them are highly similar to the sequence of their progenitor X both at nucleotide and amino acid sequence level. The identity between Brassica napus X and Brassica rapa X were 98% (nucleotide level) and 93% (amino acid sequence). The similarity between Brassica napus X and Brassica oleracea X were 100% both at nuclotide and amino acid sequence level. My question is
1. What will be the possible explanation of presence of a single Arabidopsis X in Brassica npaus genome given the fact that Brassica napus is a tetraploid crop?
2. Are the two unique sequences of X found Brassica napus genome represent two different allele or two different genes?
3. I would also welcome any other explanation on this result.
Hello!
I would like to know the concentration of Basta that I need to use in transformed BY-2 cells in MS media, since I only find concentrations for seeds or whole plants. Can anyone help me?
Thank you very much!
Plant Morphology versus Molecular phylogeny
Can anyone kindly tell me what amount of rice seedling leaves and root is required for isolation of good quantity of RNA ? Should I weigh the freshly chopped samples before homogenizing with lN2 or after?
Also can anyone please suggest methods for storage of rice seedling root and shoot samples for later RNA isolation?
Do trees have an immune system? Is it crazy to consider immunizing trees against a fungal disease? I was brainstorming with a plant pathologist and we are trying to induce protection in trees.
If we had the genome and transcriptome of the fungal pathogen, could a vaccine be useful to "vaccinate" a tree of interest. We are talking about trees with high value, not forest plantation trees.
Low RNA quality is a problem... According to literature, each cells might give 20-25 picogram RNA, assuming we extract 10,000 cells we must get something around 200 nanogram, while what we get is 2 nanogram. the problem is we need this RNA for further analysis like RNA sequencing, which is too low.
any suggestions about sample preparation, laser capturing setting and RNA extraction would be of high interest.
i am working on Gene expression but cant get it done because i am not getting any RNA extracted from my plants. my colleagues says its just because of rapid degradation. what are the main reasons for RNA degradation ?
i am using rice crop..
Dear All, I am going to join Ph D in Biotechnology in india, i want to know some good research topics that can make my Ph D real good.My research interests are Molecular Biology, Virology, Agriculture Microbiology and Biotechnology, Plant Molecular Biology, Synthetic biology e.t.c any ideas pertaining to these fields are fine,
Thanks In Advance,
Sreerama M Mayur G
While hardening/acclimatizing micropropagaed orchids it is seen that lowering of the te,perature gives the best result. What might be the best suited physiological as well as molecular reason behind such a phenomenon?