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Plant Modeling - Science topic

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Camilla Borba Pereira P and K content can be found in publication Baxter, Ivan, et al. "Biodiversity of mineral nutrient and trace element accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana." PLoS one 7.4 (2012): e35121.
Nitrogen content is highly variable:
Fabien Chardon, Julien Barthélémy, Françoise Daniel-Vedele, Céline Masclaux-Daubresse, Natural variation of nitrate uptake and nitrogen use efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana cultivated with limiting and ample nitrogen supply, Journal of Experimental Botany, Volume 61, Issue 9, May 2010, Pages 2293–2302, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq059
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A set of differential equations are provided which represents the non linear system.How can we convert it into a plant model to develop a controller? There are five state variables.I've shown only two equations in the sample image
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In general, you could employ a finite difference approach and solve the problem numerically. There are a variety of good examples on the Matlab Central QA boards. I would start there.
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After calculating the support function of a set that is the Minkowski sum of a finite sequence of linear maps of C sets, I only obtain some vertexs ( I don't know exactly what they means but they looks like vertexs according to the results of MPT toolbox). But I don't figure out what to do next to obtain mRPI or tighten constraints.
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This is a standard result on convex analysis. If I'm looking at this correctly, this is coming from the RCI work done by Raković. If that is the case, he is using a parameterisation of the RCI set in terms of the disturbance set and a collection of linear transformations, \ie W and \{M_h\}, \ie
R= Sum(M_h W)_{h=0}^{M-1} for some desired index M.
The assumption here is that W can be expressed as the image of B_\infty(1), then (45) is handy way of expressing the support function.
The property one seeks to satisfy is R \subset X which implies that the RCI set satisfies state constraints. The problem lies in finding the correct M_h to satisfy this property. Using the support function is a way to change the inclussion to an inequality
Sum h(M_h W,p_i) \leq q_i
Using all those properties above, one can find a solution to these inqualities.
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How to train ANFIS using a wide range of input/output data that comes from the conventional controller like PID?
And how to extract the data (the error and change of error) from pid controller and use them as input to the ANFIS controller?
PID controller can take one input at a time (like step input or ramp) and gives you output. I want to try different methods to give a range of inputs to the PID controller as a reference (like array input). so that the ANFIS would work well for the input, and can be trained like in step input (not for all step input of all values, just one input of value 1), for the step of different value like step input = 2, For the time being, I am learning how to use anfis for simple plant model that is (0.021/(0.000347s^2 +s)). For future use, I will use anfis as fuzzy controller to control the trajectory of the welding robot.
for instance, We have the position equation of the welding torch below with 100 data samples .
This equation indicates the position of the welding torch in x-direction
x=0.177 ΔL1-0.29 ΔL2+0.177 ΔL3+12.23
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Dear all, i am working on matlab simulation and i need biomass plant model into it so rather than i using direct programmable source can i used this by other ways?
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SIMBA#biogas is a powerful biogas plant simulation software
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I am working on controlling a 7 degree of freedom bicycle model using an adaptive model predictive control block. There is an input port named "model". I watched some youtube videos where they connect an updated version of the plant model to it. They connect the model output to some function that updates it. However, none of them explained how this function exactly works. I need to know how I can update my model to connect it to the block. If there is any literature that could help me understand the adaptive MPC block better, please share it with me.
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In matlab one of the inputs for the adaptive mpc block is the mpc1 for nominal/average conditions. Can you please explain what information is inherited from the mpc1 block to use in the adaptive control block? What is the relation between the mpc1 block for nominal conditions and the adaptive block for varying conditions. Why can't we just implement the adaptive block straightforwardly?
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Currently, I am evaluating if I could use Modelica to build a solar power plant model. But I am facing an initialization issue. Cause the Modelica model requires good start values to ensure convergence, now I am using Dymola and ThermoSysPro( An Open-source library from EDF ), but there could be a divergence problem without good enough start values.
So I’d like to ask if you got any solutions for this kind of problem, especially how to deal with this initialization process and ensure convergence.
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Yiwei,
I think the main cause of divergence is the division by very small quantities that may lead to large numbers outside the dynamic range of the processor.
So, you have to return to your mathematical model of your system.
The other cause is the presence of growing functions in the solution which means you system can contain poles in the write hand side of the complex frequency domain, the S-domain.
In order to solve the convergence problem you must study the nature of your equations.
Best wishes
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I simulate 3d seawater in the case of dispersion thermal analysis of the power plant cooling water using ansys fluent, the geometry and namely boundary conditions that I modelled is shown in the figure bellow. In modelling physical models used k-epsilon and active energy. the material used is only one phase, namely water. Temperatur normal seawater set 30℃ and temperatur discharge outlet 37℃.The boundary conditions are discharged outlets, ambient inlet, outlet, ocean, seabed and seashore. The discharge outlet is the discharge area of the cooling water power plant modelled as an inlet velocity with a velocity of 1.71 m / s and a temperature value of 37℃, the ambient inlet boundary condition is modelled as an inlet velocity at 0.4 m / s and a temperature value of 30℃.Outlet modelled as outflow.Seabed and seashore as a wall.
For ocean boundary conditions I model as symmetry. what I want to ask, in my case is it okay if I model ocean as symmetry? Can anyone explain that? Or do I need to use other boundary conditions?
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Santosh Mishra what the different with use symmetry?
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Hi,
I've found three journals concerning cell surface and plant modelling "in silico":
The Cell Surface
In Silico Biology
In Silico Plants
Unfortunatedly, all of them are Open Access Journals that means that I should pay for the publication. But I want to publish freely.
Do anybody know similar journals without author's fee?
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I'm looking for the titles of algological journals without publishing fee.
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I have created a Simulink model of PID controlled Bouc Wen MR damper semi active suspension. The feedback signal to PID is taken as sprung mass displacement and reference value is set to '0' (zero). The output of PID control is to be voltage signal for MR damper.
While trying to auto tune the PID controller, I am getting the error:
Linearization aborted because the linear plant model seen by the PID block is effectively '0'.
Ensure the PID loop is physically closed and none of the block in the PID loop returns '0' when linearized at time t = 0.
I have used saturation block after PID with upper limit 5 and lower 0. (as MR damper max input voltage is 5 volts and min is 0).
Error image is attached.
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Hi Pankaj,
In my previous post, I have mentioned that the Saturation block is a Discontinuous function block. Since your Reference Value is 0, the Absolute value function block |u|, is continuous at 0, but is not differentiable at 0. It may also cause an issue in the linearization process.
I ran the simulation and the Diagnostic Viewer (see attachment) showed that it contain an algebraic loop. The fatal error occurred when a suspected singularity was detected in the Integrator block inside the Bouc Wen MR Damper.
Please solve these issues before attempting to tune the PID controller. Also try to tidy up your Simulink model because certain parts look like "spaghetti". It will be helpful to identify I/O signals when you want to troubleshoot the system.
Now, let's see what Dr.
Zeashan Khan
will advise.
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the reason behind the family chosen, and how it relates as model species.
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Melastomataceae is abudant and species rich family in many tropical vegetations from grasslands to rainforests, has mainly one kind of pollination system but many strategies for reproduction associated to long and short seed dispersal system.
Fascinating
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While creating a h infinity controller in matlab if there are mutiple disturbances entering the model and we want to account for that I understand we have to add uncertainity in to the model. How to do that?
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Hi Sambit,
You may use one of these commands: ureal, umat, and uss. They are used to introduce uncertainty in a real parameter, a matrix, and state-space model.
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I would like to read this paper and cannot get access to it.
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I need to do a study of voltage drops of a company which has a plant model in the ETAP program, however, my country's national system has a unique model in Digsilent. ¿There is a way of link the two models?.
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DIgSILENT has option to export file on some formats.You need to know well ETAP to see does it has oportunity tu import that format.
Srete
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The mature architecture of many plant species show a "candalebra pattern" in which the number of phytomers on a branch is related to the number of phytomers on the main stem and  the position of the branch on that stem.
Representing how this pattern is produced - and the conditions for its stability - is important in plant modelling. For crop plants, this shape has been discussed long time ago in the papers cited below, but they differ in their interpretation.
I would be very interested if somebody  knows of more recent interpretetations or experimental data  on this topic and specially in cereals.
Bruno
réferences
Hay, R.K., & Kirby, E.J.M. (1991). Convergence and synchrony - A review of the coordination of development in wheat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 42, 661-700
Sachs, T. (1999). "Node counting": an internal control of balanced vegetative and reproductive development. Plant, Cell and Environment, 22, 757-766
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Compliments Bruno for a good question. I have come across one reference and giving here link, please see.
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Wondering if anyone has experimented with a nonlinear plant model under L1 adaptive control in Simulink. The examples provided online are linear state space models of the plant which while helpful in gaining insight to begin with, is slightly too convenient in implementing L1AC. I'm finding it difficult to implement L1AC of a nonlinear PWM actuated power converter using the simpowersystems toolbox, possibly due to; solver issues, issues with getting the system to start relatively in the right place (due to PWM and adaptation possibly not working well together) etc. Has anyone experimented with L1AC of such a system (PWM, nonlinear model) before in Simulink?
Thanks  
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Dear Daniel,
Please see similar questions from ResearchGate. Here is the link:
- Adaptive Control - ResearchGate
 Also here are links and attached files in topics.
-L1 Adaptive Control for a Vertical Rotor Orientation System - MDPI.com
-Publications; Automatic Control; Linköping University
www.control.isy.liu.se › ... › Automatic Control
Best regards
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Can you kindly help me identify how can I get the state space matrix representation for a linearized wind turbine model resulting into A,B,C and D matrices for different operating points (i,e different wind speeds) ?
I want to use these state space matrices for pitch control of a wind turbine system. Also for simplicity I am looking for a no bigger then a 3rd order model or 3 DOF mode.
(Note: Every point will be generating its own set of A,B,C and D matrices)
Thank you & Obliged,
Ibrahim
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From the information you give, it seems you you need to start from a nonlinear system in order to linearize it around the operatng points you want. I recommend you to read about the Lyapunov's direct method in the book written by Slotine and Li, "Applied Nonlinear Control". I think that will solve your problem instead of the paper you give above because that one considers the H-infinity approach and might be difficult to start with.
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Is it ok to model the plant in its two seperate operating modes, as follows?
Pumping mode:
The plant operation will be modelled with the use of an induction motor.
Generating mode:
In this mode the plant will be modelled as a hydro power plant.
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it can be, but variation in flow and inertia may causes frequency and voltage variation.
please think for this,  try to model with synchronous machine for both pumping and generation operation.
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I am working on toycar steering control using PID controller.I am developing Firmware on mbed platform using c++. I am using Gyroscope as sensor for my feedback for angle reading.
Please give me suggestions for How can I model my steering control or How can it be realized without using plant model?  I was thinking to take all this reading data and get my error value by taking difference with desired angle,but how to realize this readings in Matlab or any other platform and use my PID. 
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I join Zeashan idea. If you do not have the process model to control you can use one of the methods suggested by Ziegler and Nichols. In the following link you can find these methods implemented in Matlab: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Roger_Moliner/contributions. For a model of the process you can perform an experiment of identification. The simplest is to get the step response step of the process in open loop. For example, changing the input voltage of 0V to a motor voltage higher than zero your engine support. You must have sensors to measure and store such values experienced by the engine speed to make that change in voltage. Then, with speed data collected can get the model of the process through some method of identification. For example Strecj method (you can download the same link I suggest above).
Before using one of these possible ideas work, I advise well documented what he wants to do and make a detailed work plan before applying these or other methods. Good luck with your work.
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Is it possible to experimentally find the (discrete) state-space model of a plant that contains poles at +1 (integrators)? Surely it is necessary to add some kind of feedback to the plant before doing the measurement. What would be a good choice here, or what is the recommended algorithm to find the open-loop response from a (preliminary) closed-loop response?
To clarify, I have the full model of the (non-linear) plant available as a simulation and could disable the integrator. However, the integrator is not simply in series with the rest of the model and I'd like to solve the general problem.
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Hello Marcel,
your identification problem belongs to the class of closed loop identification. First you have to stabilize your system using a simple feedback controller  and then you can use the subspace identification approach to identify a linear state space model around the steady state.
Best regards
Horst
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I am looking for a process models that I can use to simulate carbon allocation in herbaceous species (I want to compare it against experimental data). Any advice or suggestions?
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Sorry.... I guess my answer is more for looking at soil carbon.
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I would like to know how I can calculate the number of M2 families which is required to have I high probability for the X-ray induced knockout of one particular gene.  There should be a scientific method to estimate the population size which for example considers the genome size. Is there anybody who is familiar with this topic, or who can provide/mention specific literature? Thanks a lot.
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Dear Maren:
Due to the proper nature of the mutations induced by X-ray, I think that you must to analyse a big number of putative mutants to find the specific mutation that you are looking for. Because, when you are applying the X-ray treatment this will be affecting the whole genome and you can observe multiple mutations, could be included the one for the gene you expected to see. In conclusion, the ratio in which you will observe one specific mutation will be around 1 in 10000 to 100000. Also you must to take into consideration the inheritance of the gene, if it is single o multi-genes coding for a qualitative or quantitative character; in some case for single gene inheritance is possible to get the favorable mutation in 1 to 1000. I wish you the best in your future work,
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For example, a sunflower has a 5°C basis temperature used for thermal time computations. Is there any knowledge for root basis temperature that can be used to compute a "root thermal time" in soil?
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If there would be any root growth specific thermal time, it should correspond with the minimum temperature requirement for germination.