Plant Breeding - Science topic

Genetic engineering should be seen as one of the many tools available for use by plant breeders to improve crop varieties so that we increase food production, control pests, and improve farm profits.

plant breeding and genetics

I couldn't see much paper where plant breeders use biochemical such as proline content Malondialdehyde (MDA) and dyes such as NBT or DAB( for ROS detection) for screening stress-tolerant accession on a large scale (100-200 which I suppose is possible to do). Are not these methods better than phenotyping grain yield, biomass, plant height, NDVI, LAI, etc?

Some domestic oilseed rape genotypes express extra long seed viability (>80% are germinated after 13 years of storage at room temperature). Is it a genetically controlled trait? I know that hybrid seeds have shortest length of life, does this correlate with homozygosity? There is no references exept of a few ones devoted more to seed dormancy: http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/b83-405#.U2w-yIF_unM, and seed coat properties: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF02857926/

Genotypes: 138

Replications: 3

Site: 1

Dear colleagues,

I used the R package for line*tester analysis (Agricolae library).

It calculated the GCA effects, SCA Effects, S.E. (gca for line), S.E. (gca for tester) and S.E. (sca effect).

The experimental material comprises eight genotypes. Five genotypes were used as females (line) and three genotypes were used as males (testers).

The 15 F1’s and their parents were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications.

I want to know the degree of freedom (T-test table) for performing the significance test of General combining ability (gi) effects and Specific combining ability (sij) effects.

Regards

Dear all,

I want to analyze a factorial split-plot in time using SAS.

Factorial Experiment using Completely Randomized Design (CRD);

Factor A: treatments (a1-a4)

Factor B: harvest time, different days after treatment (b1-b5)

Replication: 3

Does anyone have SAS codes for this analysis?

Regards,

What is the advantages of estimating BLUPs for GWAS studies

Typically exposing plant parts such as seeds, stems, pollen grains etc. to radioactive isotopes (e.g. gamma radiation and x-ray) and chemical mutagens (e.g. ethyl methanesulfonate [EMS]) induce vital mutations for plant breeding programs.

BUT Natural radiation and microgravity in space induce genetic mutations for selection. Below is a summary:

Satellite missions and subsequent selections have produced some 200 improved crop varieties in China.

StarLab Oasis, a private organisation, is set up to raise plants in space for this purpose.

It reads like science fiction, but it is a fascinating, optimistic and complementary tool to conventional breeding.

I hope this service will be available for major crops in the near future. I cannot wait to send my seeds to the International Space Station (ISS), and I hope you do too.

The above read is extracted from

Shimelis Hussein

Professor of Plant Breeding

University of KwaZulu-Natal

South Africa

E-mail: Shimelish@ukzn.ac.za

Dear All

I am writing this concern to find out if any author (as a corresponding author) belongs to one of developing countries and tries to submit his work in the Crop Journal (The Crop Journal | ScienceDirect.com by Elsevier). I have submitted twice and got a rejection from the editor without convincing reasons (your paper doesn't meet the standards of the journal)

1- The first rejection, I have contacted the handling editor providing many similar articles published in the journal in the same year (2020) and with fewer analyses than I did in my paper. His reply was, "submit it again and select another editor"). The same manuscript was successfully published in BMC Plant Biology

2- second rejection was in 2021. Imagine I submitted a new article (two years data, with three locations) and after three hours I got a rejection from the handling editor telling me the same silly reason. I am quite sure that three hours for a manuscript including many figures and tables and more than 6-8 supplementary files were not enough to make a fair judge on the paper. I resulted from it again asking the chief in the editor to assign another editor. After one house, I got the rejection by the same handling editor.

So, it looks to me that the editor just read the affiliation and decide to reject the paper without reading it carefully. I officially complain to the Elsevier publisher about this situation.

Does any face the same situation?

Your feedback is extremely important.

Dear colleagues,

I used the R package for line*tester analysis (Agricolae library).

It calculated the General combining ability effects (GCA) of parents, but I don't know how to calculate the significance of the results.

In addition, I want to Estimate Narrow sense heritability and Heterosis (Better Parent (BP) and Mid-Parent (MP)) for hybrids by R.

Does anyone have a solution?

Regards

What open-source softwares are available to generate a heat map of the Jaccard similarity coefficient for SSR diversity from the available data set?

Hi,

I'm new here so sorry If I'm in the wrong place.

I've been working in UK Agriculture for around 10 years now and I've decided to pursue a career in R&D and plant breeding after working for a seed production company with a local breeding site. I found it all fascinating so I've started a biology degree at Open University and I'm hoping to get a job as a technician or something similar soon.

I know I'm still a fair way from my ultimate goals but in the mean time I'm looking for any good books that go into detail on agricultural plant breeding methods, plant biology, genetics and modern techniques such as Marker Assisted Selection, Doubled Haploid and tissue culture.

I'm looking for something that covers these subjects in detail but on a suitable level for a student (I like diagrams and pictures haha). One of the best looking ones I've found so far is "Plant Biotechnology and Genetics: Principles, Techniques, and Applications" by C. Neal Stewart Jr. But i could do with some advice from anyone who's read any books like this in the past.

Thanks

Stuart

Greeting to all researchers,

As we all know that YVMV in okra is not yet all seed transmitted viral disease, so, what happens if we go for harvesting of those infected plants. because, breeding for viral disease resistance is not only concerned trait.. so, the question arises can we go for harvesting of YVMV infected plants for generation proceeding?

CMS lines are important in breeding programs. Crossing CMS with maintainer line maintains CMS lines.

But How lines with heritable Male sterility Characteristics are produced initially?

Is there anyone empirically investigating agrobiodiversity loss? Specifically I'm asking about Crop Genetic Diversity and thus not the loss of cultivars by itself or the variety of cultivated crops. Accordingly, the loss of genes (or traits) can be prevented by Ex-Situ conservation.

I found only one source empirically investigating crop genetic diversity loss and this was stating that on the gene level, there is no loss for the 8 crops investigated (Van de Wouw et al. 2010).

Then there is this famous FAO-Statement: «Since the 1900s, some 75 percent of plant genetic diversity has been lost as farmers worldwide have left their multiple local varieties and landraces for genetically uniform, high-yielding varieties.» However, I couldn't find any empirical support for this statement. And this document links to a paper about women's role for agrobiodiversity, but nothing about agro biodiversity loss.

Can anyone help?

References:

FAO (n.d.): What is happening to agrobiodiversity? Online available under: http://www.fao.org/docrep/007/y5609e/y5609e02.htm [Accessed July 5, 2013].

FAO. 1999b. Women: users, preservers and managers of agrobiodiversity. http://www.fao.org/sd/nrm/Women%20-%20Users.pdf

Van de Wouw M., Van Hintum T., Kik C., Van Treuren R., & Visser B. (2010): Genetic diversity trends in twentieth century crop cultivars: a meta analysis. In: Theoretical and applied genetics., vol. 120:6, 1241–52.

Several stability statistics can be used for evaluating the mean performance and stability of genotypes across a set of environments. Aiming at improving the R package 'metan' <https://tiagoolivoto.github.io/metan/> I would appreciate know from the community which are the most used stability methods, and if someone knows or use a method not yet implemented in open-source software. If you use R to compute stability statistics, what is the main difficulty you face? Which would you expect from an R package for multi-environment trial analysis?

There is very little publication where functional characterization(cloning, overexpression, silencing, etc.) of genes identified through GWAS has been performed. However, most of the publications on functional characterization are on genes identified through transcriptome. Why is this? I doubt whether there is any usefulness of GWAS on crop improvement or not? if yes then give me some successful publication examples?

good morning

Through this scientific initiative, I would like to present an initiative to form an international scientific team among us to develop joint ideas and research from the brothers who are sick and working in the field of cotton. From the field of plant breeding, genetics, physiology and agricultural transactions.

Waiting for your responses

The approver puts the name, institute, university, country, and email

Large germplasm collections may have several duplicates which need to be removed from the set. DUS characterization based on morphological traits are the best way to differentiate them. But it is very tough to DUS characters in large germplasm lines. Is there any method in molecular breeding to identify the duplicates in huge germplasm collections of rice? Kindly give your opinion and suggestions.

Turmeric is a polyploid. Mostly sterile. However, it sets seed occassionally. I have collected seed and kept in poretrays filled with cocopeat. I have not observed any germination even after 15 days. Yesterday I have kept some seed on germination paper spread in a petridish. Can any one tell me what is the viability and time taken for germination of turmeric seed. Seed was collectd from inflorescences fifteen days ago, the flowering was complete about five months ago. Seeds were within the inflorecences for about five to six months before collection and sowing.

As SSR are most widely used markers in major cereals. They are highly reliable (i.e. reproducible), co-dominant in inheritance, relatively simple and cheap to use and generally highly polymorphic. What other factors can affect polymorphism in case of SSR markers?

In between Genetic and plant breeding, plant physiology, agriculture biotechnology and plant pathology which one subject have maximum contribution in crop improvement? Which one is better for research?

Hii, please give me a complete guide or any material to analyse the Experimental data of RBD, CRD etc. to a find Genetic diversity, Character association, Path analysis & other Plant Breeding related experiments by using IBM SPSS

I am from Nepal and we lack adequate resources/ infrastructures for advanced researches in this field. Also, I do not have sufficient knowledge at present to pursue these researches independently. I am willing to devote a lot of time if given the opportunity to collaborate.

I hope to get some updates regarding the ongoing researches in Nepal (in Plant breeding/ genetics.)

Thank you!

Happy learning!

Which one software is best for agricultural data analysis?

Experimental design

Plant Breeding Trials

Quantitative Genetics

I use the R package agricolae a lot in my work but it doesnt offer the option to design an Alpha-Lattice experiment. There are a few packages on how to calculate means from experiments like this but I can't find packages to set up trials like this. Any suggestions

can anybody help me to brief about how to do stability analysis in plant breeding, based on wheat rust data how can i do the stability analysis for wheat rust resistance and how much time it take to do that

In your opinion, what plant breeding plant can be important and useful in the future?

Considering the present situation of the world for a safer future, In which direction plant breeding research mostly require to focus? Quantity(higher productivity) or quality (more nutritious)

Now a days, speed breeding is becoming famous for rapid varietal development through rapid generation advancement.

However, it's applicability and feasibility for everyone and everywhere is still not wider. What you think about it? How will it be useful in future breeding for crop improvement.?

Dear all

I am wondering what is the advantage of multi response models of the form

trait1,trait2 = Genotype + Environment + GenotypexEnvironment

Where trait1 and trait2 are traits that are measured at the same experimental unit, e.g. yield and protein content of a certain plot in a cultivar trial.

The GNU R package sommer offers in its function mmer() the possibility to specify such a model.

What I had expected, is that the residuals (for trait 1 and trait 2) after such an analysis are uncorrelated since the information of the covariance is used to have a more precise estimate for the effects in the model (BLUPs, variance components).

However, for simulated data with correlated experimental error, I see no difference/advantage of such multi-response models.

So what are the advantages? Does anyone have an idea?

Dear all, Please suggest the plagiarism checker software which is 100% free and also don't have the restriction of word limits.

Kindly suggest the name of free softwares available for LxT analysis and heterosis estimation in crop plants.

I have a population of a dioecious species with significant phenotypic variation and want to select individuals from this population. What statistical methods can I use to perform multi-trait selection or dissimilarity studies with data of individual plants? If have a R package is better yet.

Please recommend some simple software that is available in free for analysis of different conventional breeding experiments

Scientific community is now facing a new threat of unethical publications in predatory journals.

How someone can identify the predatory journal?

Scientific community is now facing a new threat of unethical publications in predatory journals.

How someone can identify the predatory journal?

Is there any authenticate list of predatory journals available?

how can linkage disequilibrium used in plant breeding

In 2016 I have developed a set of mutants in two varieties of turmeric-Mydukur and Prathibha. Now, in M1V4 evaluation, have identified a few are performing better than the parents. I am going to analyze quality parameters in these selected lines. I have sown M1V5 (selected mutants) along with parents this 2020-21 season. From here, I want some of these to be developed and released as varieties. Whate are the steps to be taken from here. Please help me.

Seeds obtained from heterozygous T0 mutants obtained through CRISPR CAS9 were sown and the plants raised were properly genotyped. Following normal segregation pattern, T1 generation had WT, heterozygous and homozygous plants. The homozygous were not producing normal seeds but strangely few (2 in many) produced more than 50% normal seeds, when those seeds and the plants raised from them were genotyped they were found to be heterozygous. In T1 I ignored this (thinking that T0 plants from CRISPR CAS9 might carry chimeric mutation for the gene).

To get T2 generation, seeds obtained from T1 heterozygous were planted, but T2 homozygous plants also had such plants. The situation even continued to the next generations. I am wondering what might be the cause. I know that cross pollination in rice occurs to small extent but if that is the cause then all homozygous plants must bear small number of such seeds. In this case homozygous usually don’t produce normal seeds at all, unusually few homozygous bear normal heterozygous seeds. Your suggestions will be highly appreciated to explain this situation. Thanks.

Can anyone help to confirm whether I am using correct stages for Chickpea crossing? I am using hooded bud for crossing and half open flower to collect pollen (please find attached pictures for stage). 

I feel, highly focused conventional breeding methods give better target results than a MAS exercise with all the cost:benefit worked out. Maybe, there would be a time loss in conventional breeding, but we end up in a highly adapted concrete product, even though this point may be debatable. In that, MAS can give better results. But looking at an average plant breeder's lack of laboratory, money, skill etc type of resources, will it not be prudent to slog rather than be protocol driven? The practical learning that conventional breeding gives is unparalleled. Of late, there has been a significant shift of even conventional breeders to some molecular breeding aspects. Good, if the target is well defined and the work plan gives a better result. But again, look at the voluminous data being produced and published in the molecular breeding field as against conventional breeding, and it now longer has remained a level playing field. Journals are also attracted towards molecular breeding papers. Where are we heading?

In Jamun there is no phenotypic differences in the growth of both nucellar and zygotic seedling also the point of initiation of these seedling are also same.

Software should be able to phenotypic as well as marker genotypic data analysis. Kindly suggest probable price and the authentic source from where it can be purchased.

Different chemical mutagens are available with different modes of action.

As we do not know how many markers are required for screening of background during marker assisted breeding and if we cover the whole chromosome with marker still it will not impart accurate results. According to me intermittent phenotyping is important aspect in MABB.

Any free software for the design of experiments for agronomic and plant breeding data??

Rice is the seed of the grass species Oryza sativa (Asian rice) or Oryza glaberrima (African rice). As a cereal grain, it is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in Asia. It is the agricultural commodity with the third-highest worldwide production (rice, 741.5 million tonnes in 2014), after sugarcane (1.9 billion tonnes) and maize (1.0 billion tonnes).

Dear research scholars, I am working at the area of Plant Breeding since 2011. At present I want to learn gene editing technology specially CRISPR/Cas9 Genome editing. So I need all of your kind consideration.

hello,

I got data on 25 germplasm lines for flowering time. I want to plot box plots of best linear unbiased predictors with error bars (either by taking SE or SD) by taking flowering time on X axis and germplasm lines on Y-axis. The three replication data for the germplasm lines and check variety for flowering time was recorded and i want to show the variability present in the flowering time.

Kindly suggest the  best software to do this.

ashok

I have enrolled for a Ph.D in Genetics and Plant Breeding in the University of Nigeria. I am looking for a research grant to fund my research work, I'll be pleased if anyone can give me useful information on research grant opportunities for Nigerian Students. Thanks.

I want to find up-to-date information on the current state of conventional (traditional) plant breeding in the world. Is the conventional breeding approach applied in the small breeding companies or crop giants like Monsanto and Syngenta now? For example in order to produce lines for subsequent marker-assisted selection (MAS) or genetic modification (GM). Or the traditional breeding approaches are currently totally substituted by the MAS and GM approaches?

If you know reviews and/or book chapters on this topic please suggest.

Due to the development and spread of mobile applications ones that can replace the old-fashioned paper filed books has emerged. Such applications could facilitate the work of agronomists, plant breeders and increase the data accuracy for researchers worldwide. Currently, there are at least three applications freely available for android OS: Field Book, PhenoBook, PhenomeApp.

Do you know some other and maybe better applications?

Do you already use such applications?

Has it facilitated your research already?

Please share your experience.

Root exudates

Dear All:

Have you ever measured root exudates to soil?

Would you please mention some techniques?

Thanks in advance, with the best regards,

José

Dr. José Carlos Lorenzo Feijoo

Head, Lab for Plant Breeding and Conservation of Genetic Resources,

Bioplant Centre, University of Ciego de Avila, 69450, Cuba.

Tel. 53 33 225768/212719 www.bioplantas.cu

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jose_Lorenzo_Feijoo http://scholar.google.es/citations?user=ckZmyRQAAAAJ&hl=en https://bioplantas.academia.edu/JoseCarlosLorenzoFeijoo/CurriculumVitae

Plant Breeding

Does it make sense to breed plants for better NUE if we take in an account just certain gene existence or we should select plants based on what genes they express? Which approach to take?

I know about agricolae, gge plot etc. but to workout different plant breeding & genetics trials which packages should I include to my packages repository?

Due to narrow range of variability existing in this crop mutation breeding might be proved an efficient tool for crop improvement.

I retired from Iwate University as you know. Now I started hop breeding to make a new variety of hop. The history of my research is so long (about 40 years). Until now I worked many things, for example hop stunt viroid, gene sequence, gene transfer, soil analysis, plant breeding, and so on. I am now 62 years old. So I want to concentrate on breeding to make a variety of hop. Maybe it takes about 20 years from now. Because I don't know if I could repeat on this whether they are good or not. I hope I would get a good variety of hop while I am living. Best regards. Dr. Takayuki Momma

Dear Scientist,

I kindly plead for any one who has an idea on this to clarify me. I ran a two way ANOVA with data collected from two locations and got no location X genotype interaction, then a reviewer is requesting me to present represent replication within location effect and triplicate within sample effect.

Please, can any one give an idea on this? I use XLSTAT to run the analysis.

Thank you

As we know after Green Revolution there are several new technology were introduced in the field of Genetics and Plant Breeding for the modification of various crops and that also played a major role for mankind. But at the same time now we have reached such a great peak and there is no more increase in the productivity at the same time quality also.Using of pesticides, genetic modified crop and so more new other things that are creating more problems for the mankind. And it is again emphasizing us towards the traditional farming.Why, what are the actual drawbacks that we haven't look for it and also what's our role for come out from this critical situation ?

I made crosses in different types of peanuts, and I was studding the F 1 and F 2 populations. In your opinion, the best way of conventional plant breeding to study the progeny in peanuts was according to the growth conditions of this plant, (vegetative, reproductive) should be considered?

hi. I want to know how many hectare are cultivated by Camelina sativa in the world? thank you in advance

I'm very interested in the field of plant science, especially about crops. Today, i'm prepared a research proposal for applying a scholarship from Indonesian government and M.Sc. program.

In my country (Indonesia), many rice cultivar are widely cultivated by local people. Many study was conducted for rice breeding and genetic improvement. And researcher who are studying wild rice still limited. So, i'm very interested to explore the germplasm of wild rice in Indonesia especially from swampland in Kalimantan island. I have some question:

Why studying about wild rice germplasm very important?

How to identify wild rice in their habitat based on morphological character?

Can anyone share a publication about wild rice?

Thanks for your response!

Suppose I have scored 6 allele for an SSR marker in 50 population with major allele frequency of 0.2448. Now how can I determine the required PIC for the marker?

When farming in arid regions, the lack of soil moisture can be dealt in the following ways: either by enhancing the resistance to drought via plant breeding, or through an employment of irrigation. What are the advantages and/or disadvantages of each approach?

How can we describe these two terms? Thanks

Tree breeding; Genetics; plant breeding; Tree Improvement;

In trees after crossing done in diallel mating design pods obtained and its characters can be analysed as F1. It is confusing with agriculture crops like wheat and Maize as yield characters are evaluated in progeny raised after controlled crossing.

I m PhD in Biotechnology and Environment.

Can it cause problem if i collect rosemary leaves in winter(no snowy but cold(-3˚C)) for extraction?

I cant find any material which provides the procedure to calculate the contribution of each character to the total divergence. If anybody have materials, please share me...

LOD helps in determining the QTL...

I am working on cryopreservation of 'Echinacea purpurea' hairy roots , but my hairy roots all die. the medium of hairy roots (liquid WPM) has dregs and the color of the medium is conescent. Recently I have noticed that after I adjust PH to 5.8 (using KOH or NAOH and sometimes HCL) these dregs appear, but without adjusting PH there is no dregs and the medium is clear like water.

Can anyone let me know the scientific reason and advice for solving this problem, please?

Many thanks 

I had 15 genotypes of sorghum planted in 6 replications. There was pre-harvest grain yield loss by birds that made it difficult to compare these genotypes based on yield performance. Is there any statistical approach to quantify this loss?

Dear Sir/ Ma'am

Can any researcher share/provide the reprint of following articles (Avdulov 1928, 1931) on grass cyto-systematics...

1. Avdulov, N. P. (1928). Systematicheskaya kariologiya semeestva Gramineae. Drievnik vsesojuznogo Sezda Bot. Leningrade 1928: 65-66.

2. Avdulov, N. P. (1931). Karyo-systematische Untersuchungen der Familie Gramineen. Bull. Appl. Bot., Genet. & Plant Breeding Suppl. 43: 1-438.