Photovoltaics - Science topic

Special Issue "Advance Techniques for Solar Radiation, Wind Speed and Photovoltaic Forecasting" The new open access journal Forecasting provides an interdisciplinary forum for all aspects related to the :immensely broad field of time series analysis and forecasting. The range of applications in forecasting is enormous, from energy forecasting or ec...

Recently, photovoltaic technology applications have occupied a wide range in electric generation. The temperature rising higher than the operating temperature permissible is the weak point facing this technology, which significantly influences the performance of the photovoltaic cells. Using nanofluids as the coolant of photovoltaic (PV) modules is...

A large part of incident solar radiation on photovoltaic (PV) modules is converted into heat, leading to overheating and reduction of PV modules performance. The present work investigates the impact of rectangular aluminium fins (RAFs) and evaporative cooling represented by cotton wicks immersed water (CWWs) on the performance and thermal behaviour...

This paper proposes the use of grid-tied hybrid inverter with voltage controller to control the voltage level in low voltage (LV) distribution networks. The growth of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) may introduce over-and under-voltage issues in LV networks, respectively. To address these voltage concerns, a two-state voltage control ap...

The rapid adoption of residential solar photovoltaics (PV) has resulted in regular overvoltage events, due to correlated reverse power flows. Currently, PV inverters prevent damage to electronics by curtailing energy production in response to overvoltage. However, this disproportionately affects households at the far end of the feeder, leading to a...

The rising electricity consumption, rapid fossil fuel depletion, and a higher shift to the use of renewable or green energy resources have increased the need to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources (DERs), like solar photovoltaic (PV) energy to power the utility grids. In this study, the researchers have determined the effect of PV...

The work given in this paper illustrates how an adjustable speed 1-Φ induction machine's auxiliary winding is driven. Trina Solar's TSM-250PA05.08 array type model, which is made up of 1 series and 8 parallel-connected photovoltaic (PV) modules, feeds a single induction machine. PV system with perturb and observe (P&O) technique for maximum power p...

Modern power grid is a generation mix of conventional generation facilities and variable renewable energy resources (VRES). The complexity of such a power grid with generation mix has routed the utilization of infrastructures involving phasor measurement units (PMUs). This is to have access to real-time grid information. However, the traffic of dig...

Currently, as part of the distributed generation paradigm, photovoltaic energy has a growing development. The diversity of the loads, their nonlinearity, and the penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) cause a worsening of the energy quality indicators. The main quality indicators that affect hybrid photovoltaic systems are voltage and curren...

During the last few years, the construction of new generation perovskite solar cells based on perovskite absorbent materials has grown greatly compared to other photovoltaic cells. The reason for this is the rapid growth of cell efficiency, easy manufacturing method and low cost. Of course, in addition to these advantages, there are limitations suc...

Researchers are becoming more interested in renewable energies as a viable answer for today’s energy needs due to the rising demand for energy and climate changes brought on by the use of fossil fuel resources. One of the most significant sources of renewable energy is solar energy. Photovoltaic systems are used to convert the received solar radiat...

The system is designed to promote the use of renewable energy sources and reduce dependence on non-renewable energy sources such as fossil fuels. The system comprises several components, including photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbines, battery storage, load management, and the main grid. The integration of these components provides a reliable and...

The increase in the manufacturing of copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) thin film photovoltaics is accompanied by a growing amount of production waste, which contains a mixture of valuable, critical and hazardous elements. However, industrial recovery and reuse processes of these elements for production of new photovoltaics are still absent. I...

Perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells have attracted much attention to photovoltaic community because of their high efficiency via easy fabrication methods and availability of precursor material abundant in nature. The properties of both perovskite and silicon meet ideal solar cell standards such as high light absorption potential, long carrier dif...

In this paper, a new 3-RPS/US parallel mechanism with two degrees of freedom (DOFs) is obtained by adding a US (Universal joint and Spherical joint) passive limb into the 3-RPS (the limb consisting of one revolute, one prismatic, and one spherical joint) parallel mechanism with the aim of obtaining a high load-bearing capacity. The moving platform...

This paper proposes an improved methodology for the optimal sizing of small-scale microgrids conformed by photovoltaic (PV) generation systems and hybrid energy storage systems (batteries + supercapacitors). The methodology is based on a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation and includes a new way to take advantage of the aging model...

Dear Colleagues: We are cordially inviting the submission of manuscripts to this Special Issue that focuses on new sustainable developments and innovation in solar photovoltaics technologies that particularly help with decarbonizing the energy sector worldwide. In this post-pandemic era, there is a growing desire to decarbonize the renewable ener...

Bipolarity in dc microgrids is desirable as it enhances the system's reliability and efficiency. However, the stability assessment for bipolar dc microgrid is challenging due to the integration of three-wire dc distribution line and numerous connected power converters, which is different from the stability analysis of conventional unipolar dc micro...

The union territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh are energy-undernourished union territories though they are hallowed with immense solar energy potential for thermal power generation and photovoltaic. Advancing and revitalizing resource gauging of all renewable energy sources is essential in the present layout where there has been a drastic sc...

Halide perovskites ABX 3 are valuable photovoltaic and light-emitting materials due to their favorable optical properties of a direct bandgap and strong optical absorption just above the bandgap. Here, we show that these properties arise mainly from multi-centered X-B-X bonding and B-p X-p coupling. A bonding analysis finds that B–X bonds have shar...

This research examined the observed datasets and a theoretically derived model for estimating yearly optimum tilt angle (β), maximum incident solar radiation (Hmax), clean gain indicator (CGI), and soiling loss indicator (SLI) at Mumbwa, Zambia, the Mediterranean Region, and low latitude locations across the globe. The cleaned tilted collector emer...

Continuous increase of the production of photovoltaic energy requires precise forecasting to ensure grid stability. This paper presents a detailed benchmark of eight commercial forecasting solutions for intra-day solar forecasts. The comparison was carried out on a period of six months, from November to May 2021, on seven different PV plants locate...

Nowadays, millions of photovoltaic (PV) plants are installed around the world. Given the widespread use of PV supply systems and in order to keep these PV plants safe and to avoid power losses, they should be carefully protected, and eventual faults should be detected, classified and isolated. In this paper, different machine learning (ML) and deep...

Energy demand forecasted for the next several years has been bench marked due to the massive need for electrical energy. Solar power plants have earned a great marketplace position in recent years, but also face challenges in terms of power dissipation due to the frequent occurrence of shade. As a result, the per unit solar electricity price increa...

The purpose of this research was to alleviate deprivation in underprivileged rural areas of Iran through energy production through photovoltaic panels. First, the poverty map of the country has been analyzed along with the sunlight gain potential map of Iran. 79 villages with extremely high and high deprivation conditions were identified. To analyz...

Expanding transmission capacity is likely a bottleneck that will restrict variable renewable energy (VRE) deployment required to achieve ambitious emission reduction goals. Grid interconnection and inter-regional transmission capacity may be reduced by the optimal sizing of VREs to grid connection or co-location of VRE and battery resources behind...

This study examines Shenzhen's potential for utilizing photovoltaics (PV) on buildings in terms of residential electricity consumption. Based on its geographic information system (GIS) data, typical local meteorological data, and electricity demand, the solar potential of Shenzhen has been thoroughly studied, critically analyzed, and compared with...

The spectral distribution of the solar irradiance incident on photovoltaic (PV) modules is a key variable controlling their power production. It is required to properly simulate the production and performance of PV plants based on technologies with different spectral characteristics. Spectroradiometers can only sense the solar spectrum within a wav...

This review highlights selected examples, published in the last three to four years, of recent advance in the design, synthesis, properties, and device performance of quinoidal π-conjugated materials. A particular emphasis is placed on emerging materials, such as indophenine dyes that have the potential to enable high-performance devices. We specif...

Organic–inorganic lead halide peroxides (OIHPs) have attracted much interest due to their excellent photovoltaic properties, but practical applications are limited by long-term stability and further performance enhancement. Two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) heterojunction is a promising strategy to address these issues. Here, short-chain 3,...

The increasing proportion of bifacial photovoltaic modules (Bi-PVM) in new projects makes the operation of photovoltaic system (PVS) more complicated, and it is difficult to accurately predict the power of the PVS. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a new power prediction method for PVS based on Bi-PVM. Firstly, the equal proportion digital...

The exploitation of renewable energy sources in the building sector is a challenging aspect of achieving sustainability. The incorporation of a proper storage unit is a vital issue for managing properly renewable electricity production and so to avoid the use of grid electricity. The present investigation examines a zero-energy residential building...

Transformer-less multilevel inverters (MLI) are most popular in photovoltaic applications. In such system, a significant leakage current flows that needs to be reduced. One of the method being the common-ground structure and the other most popular is the active neutral-point-clamping (NPC) method, which reduces the common-mode voltage and thus the...

The promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) is an important measure for dealing with climate change and reducing carbon emissions, which are widely agreed goals worldwide. Being an important operating mode for electric vehicle charging stations in the future, the integrated photovoltaic and energy storage charging station (PES-CS) is receiving a fair...

In this article, we have performed a comparative analysis of six different types of nanostructures that can improve photon management for photovoltaic applications. These nanostructures act as anti-reflective structures by improving the absorption characteristics and tailoring the optoelectronic properties of the associated devices. The absorption...

Solar photovoltaic (PV) irrigation is increasingly used in agriculture, driven by its low operation cost and virtually zero emissions, providing electricity access in rural areas. However, the high investment cost requires an optimal design. The objective of this work was to develop a user-friendly tool to optimally size a PV generator that satisfi...

Research on photovoltaic (PV) fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) has focused on the automated identification of faults within PV systems through production data and long-term performance evaluations to determine the performance loss rate (PLR). However, these two approaches are often handled separately, resulting in a notable gap in the literature...

ZrS2 is transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) which is believed one of the most talented applicants to fabricate photovoltaics. Therefore, we present here for the first-time numerical simulation of novel inorganic ZrS2/CuO heterojunction solar cells employing SCAPS-1D. The influence of the thickness, carrier concentration, and bandgap for both t...

In this study, two different cooling systems for the thermal management of a photovoltaic (PV) module were developed. A PV/thermoelectric generator (TEG) and PV/TEG-mini-channel cooling systems were considered; in the later system, water and water-based Al2O3 nanofluids were used in the cooling channel. The effective cooling of the PV module was ac...

Rising electricity consumption, rapid depletion of fossil fuels, and the global shift to the use of renewable energy resources have increased the need to integrate renewable and distributed energy resources (DERs), such as solar photovoltaic (PV) to power distribution networks. In this paper, the effect of photovoltaic system inverter scalability o...

This paper presents the feasibility study of a proposed Photovoltaic/Diesel power generation hybrid system for a remote computer centre in Nigeria. This design comprises the correct determination of station electrical daily load consumption and station solar radiation data. These data are used to determine the hybrid components sizes and its config...

Although the need for climate adaptation and mitigation interventions in the urban realm has been widely acknowledged, comparative analyses of the extent to which such interventions combine the two sides of climate action are scarce. This study examines which climate-responsive design interventions can successfully facilitate climate adaptation and...

Precise knowledge of solar radiation distribution at a particular geographical location is of great significance for the development of solar thermal and photovoltaic energy devices. The monthly mean daily data for global solar radiation and sunshine hours for a period of ten years for Makurdi (Latitude 7.7322°N, 8.5391°E) were obtained from the Ni...

The global electricity consumption is increasing at a faster rate than total global power production. Non-renewable sources contributed more than 63.3% of global electricity production in 2020, and such a high reliance on non-renewable sources could lead to electricity shortages and environmental issues. This alarming situation is on the doorstep a...

This article presents a review to provide up-to-date research findings on concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) cooling, explore the key challenges and opportunities, and discuss the limitations. In addition, it provides a vision of a possible future trend and a glimpse of a promising novel approach to CPV cooling based on pulsating flow, in contrast to...

Photovoltaic (PV) system efficiency is highly dependent on atmospheric conditions, which are continuously varying. The presence of an efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method suitable for fast-changing environmental conditions, even under partial shading conditions (PSC) is required to optimize the PV system efficiency. This paper propo...

Aside from environmental concerns and the exhaustibility of fossil energy sources, becoming more economical and lowering the cost of installing solar systems is driving the development of photovoltaic systems for energy delivery in many nations across the world. The formation of harmonics in the network and the effect of PV units on it are examined...

The highly stabel neutral radical and its triiodide derivative show light dependent ESR signals. Brought in a Gräzel cell, there is a clear photoelectric effect. Could these molecules be new candidates in organic solar cells? Investigations of electric and magnetic properties may bring more informations.

Incorporating photovoltaic (PV) inverters in power distribution systems via static synchronous compensators (PV-STATCOM) during the nighttime has lately been described as a solution to improve network performance. Hunter prey optimization (HPO) is introduced in this study for efficient PV-STATCOM device allocation in distribution systems. HPO gener...

The lead is a heavy metal with hazardous impacts on environment and human life. Lead-free perovskite solar cells have attracted much attention in recent years, due to eco-friendly characteristics. Meanwhile, Pb-containing cells showed the highest efficiencies among the various types of cells. Hence, designing novel Pb-free solar cells with comparab...

The large-scale integration of photovoltaic (PV) power can bring a greatly negative influence on the grid-connected system’s voltage stability. To study the static voltage stability (SVS) of PV grid-connected systems, the traditional SVS index, L-index, was re-examined. It was firstly derived and proved that the PV active output Ppv is proportional...

This paper examines the relationship between urban form, residential rooftop solar PV potential, and levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) in high-income, middle-class, and low-income neighborhoods in Accra, Ghana. Using building footprint data, ArcGIS Pro, and linear regression analysis, we find a statistically significant association between urban...

The frequency diversion in hybrid power systems is a major challenge due to the unpredictable power generation of renewable energies. An automatic generation controller (AGC) system is utilised in a hybrid power system to correct the frequency when the power generation of renewable energies and consumers’ load demand are changing rapidly. While a n...

All-inorganic perovskites are emerging as excellent photovoltaic candidates for single-junction or tandem solar cells. However, large energy loss due to non-radiative recombination is the main constraint for performance enhancement. Accordingly, we developed a surface in situ reconstruction (SISR) strategy for inorganic perovskite by CsF treatment,...

This paper presents an intelligent monitoring control strategy for a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic (PV) system applications. The design of the proposed nonlinear adaptive control law (AFBSMC) is formulated based on adaptive fuzzy systems, backstepping approach and sliding mode technique to maximize the power output of a PV sys...

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are advancing rapidly and have reached a performance comparable to that of silicon solar cells. Recently, they have been expanding into a variety of applications based on the excellent photoelectric properties of perovskite. Semi-transparent PSCs (ST-PSCs) are one promising application that utilizes the tunable transmi...

Power systems engineers are actively developing larger power plants out of photovoltaics imposing some major challenges which include its intermittent power generation and its poor dispatchability. The issue is that PV is a variable generation source unless additional planning and system additions for mitigation of generation intermittencies. One u...

Maximum power-point tracking (MPPT) is applied to enable effective operation of photovoltaic (PV) systems under different external conditions. MPPT is based on a control system that aims at maintaining the PV system operation in the most effective conditions of maximum power output. This paper demonstrates the effective application of a novel adapt...

Perovskite solar cells must overcome the long-term stability problem in order to be put into practical use. Materials science, through the development of synthetic chemistry, materials characterization and device engineering can contribute to improvements in stability and scalability towards enabling large scale production. This Collection presents...

Degradation pathway models constructed using network structural equation modeling (netSEM) are used to study degradation modes and pathways active in photovoltaic (PV) system variants in exposure conditions of high humidity and temperature. This data-driven modeling technique enables the exploration of simultaneous pairwise and multiple regression...

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) leads to directed photocurrents and photovoltages in bulk materials. Unlike photovoltages in p-n junction solar cells that are limited by carrier recombination to values below the band-gap energy of the absorbing material, BPVE photovoltages have been shown to greatly exceed the band-gap energy. Therefore, the BP...

To date, despite the existence of the sustainability goals of the 2030 Agenda and the need for an energy transition, the results set is still quite far away from being achieved. The awareness of this situation moves many European countries to promote policies based on the use of renewable sources. This paper is aimed at illustrating the Italian leg...

Dear reader, You want to know something that few scientists know. Can it be divided by zero? If you ask a mathematician he will tell you:-The division by zero is not defined and period. But right now you will be taught how to divide by zero. Let's look at these simple examples. 4/2 = 2 because 2 * 2 = 4 (One reads four divided by two equals two bec...

Renewable energy (RE), particularly solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, is a promising alternative to traditional energy sources for worldwide electricity generation. In recent years, PV generation capacity has increased rapidly due to a considerable reduction in installation costs. Nevertheless, in PV systems, energy generation is significantly less...

We introduce a first-principles model of the 12-mer poly-3-hexyltiophene (P3HT) polymer system in the realistic description of an organic photovoltaic blend environment. We combine Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of a thin-film blend of P3HT and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) to model the interactions with a fluctuating environment...

The performance of photovoltaic panels is affected by the accumulation of dust particles on their surface. Regular cleaning of these photovoltaic panels is required, which increases the overall system cost and solution complexity. In remote areas, especially in water-stressed areas like deserts, water availability is an issue that double-folds the...