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In a recently exchanged correspondence, my use of the PVGIS software to collect data for subsequent analysis was questioned, with the view taken that this may not represent the most professional approach. In light of the fact that the software in question provides all the requisite data for calculating electricity production from photovoltaics and that other scientific studies have previously used it, I am interested to learn your views on this matter.
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I am a researcher in the area, with articles involving the use of PVGIS and other bases. Everything will depend on the application. There are applications for which PVGIS would not really be the best option. For example, any analysis of large PV power plants, the correct simulation is done with local solarimetric data. Now for example, for those who are going to simulate small systems it won't make that much of a difference. There are also works that test and compare bases, or works that apply mathematical modeling that can also be used.
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I'm researching Partial Power Processing for DC-DC applications and have found little information on "Fractional Converters". I would like to learn if these converters/partial power architectures are known by another name to locate additional references.
The articles listed below are those that I found which use the term "Fractional Converters":
  • Xue, F., Yu, R., & Huang, A. (2017, October). Fractional converter for high efficiency high power battery energy storage system. In 2017 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE) (pp. 5144-5150). IEEE.
  • Xue, F., Yu, R., & Huang, A. (2020). A family of ultrahigh efficiency fractional DC–DC topologies for high power energy storage device. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 9(2), 1420-1427.
  • Anzola, J., Aizpuru, I., Romero, A. A., Loiti, A. A., Lopez-Erauskin, R., Artal-Sevil, J. S., & Bernal, C. (2020). Review of architectures based on partial power processing for dc-dc applications. IEEE Access, 8, 103405-103418.
  • Kwon, Y. D., Freijedo, F., Wijekoon, T., & Liserre, M. (2022, June). Partial power processing DC/DC MPPT Converters in Solar PV applications: Overview of Architectures. In 2022 IEEE 13th International Symposium on Power Electronics for Distributed Generation Systems (PEDG) (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
Thank you for your help
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Thank you for your contribution, Grain Adam
I had not encountered the terms "fully rated" and "fractionally rated converters" before. It was very interesting to learn about them.
In my previous response (directed to Talit BELHOUL Belhoul), I explained in more detail what I was seeking with my question. .
Nevertheless, thank you once again for your help!
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2025 4th International Conference on Smart Grid and Green Energy (ICSGGE 2025) February 28th – March 2nd, 2025 University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia Technically Co-sponsored by IEEE & IEEE New South Wales Section Organizer: School of Information Systems and Technology Management, UNSW Co-organizers: Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya Global Energy Research Institute, AEIC Academic Exchange Information Center Media Supporter: <Energy Conversion and Economics> Official Website: https://ais.cn/u/Rzqi6r The University of New South Wales is honored to host the 4th International Conference on Smart Grid and Green Energy (ICSGGE 2025). Set against the backdrop of vibrant Sydney, Australia, this prestigious conference invites researchers, scientists, engineers, and scholars from around the world to converge for an enriching exchange of insights from February 28th to March 2nd, 2025. Objective: ICSGGE 2025 aims to serve as a distinguished platform for the presentation and discussion of innovative research in the domains of Smart Grid and Green Energy. We are dedicated to fostering a collaborative environment that promotes the exchange of experiences, pioneering ideas, and practical solutions to challenges faced in the evolution of sustainable energy systems. Call for Contributions: We invite the submission of original research papers, case studies, and reviews that address various aspects of Smart Grid and Green Energy, including but not limited to: Advanced smart grid systems, technologies, and methodologies Renewable energy integration and energy storage solutions Energy efficiency and demand-side management Power system management, control, and stability Sustainable and intelligent energy policies Cybersecurity and privacy in smart grid technologies Data analytics and machine learning applications in energy systems Emerging trends in green energy and smart infrastructure
Submission Guidelines: Authors are invited to submit manuscripts electronically in accordance with the guidelines outlined on the conference website. All submissions will undergo a rigorous peer-review process to ensure the highest standards of quality and relevance. Publication: Accepted papers will be published in the IEEE Xplore Digital Library and will be indexed by EI COMPENDEX and SCOPUS, providing significant visibility and outreach to the broader academic and professional communities. Important Dates: Submission Deadline: January 24, 2025 Notification of Acceptance: Februry 1, 2025 Camera-Ready Submission: Februry 21, 2025
Join us at ICSGGE 2025 to share your knowledge, explore groundbreaking advances, and contribute to the transformative discussions shaping the future of Smart Grid and Green Energy. For more details, please visit the conference website:
We eagerly anticipate your contributions and look forward to welcoming you to an academically stimulating and enlightening conference in Sydney!
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Tawfiqullah Muradi Please send the full paper(word+pdf) to Submission System:https://ais.cn/u/Rzqi6r
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I'm currently exploring the economic implications of solar PV curtailment versus the installation of battery energy storage systems (BESS). Specifically, I'm interested in recent publications or data that compare the opportunity costs associated with each option. Could anyone point me toward studies or datasets that assess which approach is more economically viable under various conditions? Insights into factors such as scale, geographic location, and grid regulations would also be greatly appreciated.
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Power Magazine International MARCH 23, 2023 by EMILIANO BELLINI : 'Solar curtailment vs. storage, work referred of Swiss researchers; NREL : Solar PV Curtailment in Changing Grid and Technological Contexts: Preprint by Eric O'Shaughnessy, Jesse Cruce, Kaifeng Xu ,Strategic Energy Analysis Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory ( I am not sure as the copy of paper is not available with me and you can check and also keep me inform); Lori Bird etal: 'Wind and solar energy curtailment: A review of international experience, ElseVier: Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Volume 65, November 2016, Pages 577-586' (Access thru your Institution); Global Solar PV Brain Trust: ' Report of the Global Solar PV Brain Trust , May 2024
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Hello
I would like to know : In the context of photovoltaic systems, if it is essential to integrate diodes into modular series and parallel chopper topologies? What is the significance of this integration, and what are the advantages and disadvantages of adding diodes in these configurations?
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Thank you Vladimir for your advice. I understand that expediency is more appropriate than necessity in this context. I will also take cost into account to assess feasibility. This will help me better structure my analysis.
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Am working on Optimization of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems Considering Land Surface Temperature Variability, I would like to know if Land Surface Temperature influence Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems.
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Yes, it has an impact on solar energy systems because the Earth’s surface has the ability to reflect solar rays
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Dear Researchers;
I have a short question. Let's say a factory consumes 4 MW of electricity per hour. (fixed consumption throughout the year).
I want to install an on-grid PV power plant for this facility. The average daily PSH value of the location is 4 hours. What is the on-grid PV capacity that needs to be installed for this factory?
For the same consumption how to calculate rooftop and ground-mounted type capacities?
Could you show me some academic resources on this subject?
I have made a calculation, but I would like to get opinions from valuable researchers and check my calculations.
Best regards.
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In order to power a factory that utilizes 4 MW of electricity per hour through PV (Photovoltaic) power, a PV system with a minimum capacity of 4 MW is required. It's worth noting, however, that PV systems are typically rated in MWp (Megawatts peak), which refers to the maximum power output under ideal irradiance conditions. The actual energy production of PV panels may vary based on factors such as sunlight intensity, panel efficiency, and temperature.
To determine the precise number of watts or MWp required, it's necessary to take into account the energy consumption patterns of the factory, the available sunlight hours, and any energy storage or backup systems in place. As a result, I suggest conducting a comprehensive energy assessment to determine the appropriate PV system size for your factory. This will consider all relevant factors and provide a more accurate calculation based on your specific energy needs and site conditions.
Since this is a grid-tied system, the number of PV panels required will be determined by the amount of rooftop space available, rather than the amount of electricity consumed by the factory.
(Standard Conditions): irradiance 1000W/m2, Cell Temperature 25℃ , AM1.5)
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I prefer to get the answer for Italy or the average amount of the European Union with a valid reference. Thanks for your contribution in advance.
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Jorge Morales Pedraza Thank you so much
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Since EV battery has high voltage value (around 400V and more), how to implement this battery into PV system?
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Hello
EV battery hasn't so high voltage unless you connect some of them in series.If you want to connect a p.v. panel output to a high voltage battery(in series form).you have two option:
1-in D.C. case you can use power electronic converters as boost converter...
2-If the panel output is in the A.C. form , you can use transformer an then rectifier it
thank you
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Can anyone suggest me or send me the MATLAB/SIMULINK file of optimization techniques based MPPT algorithm for solar photovoltaic systems??
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We have implemented and installed a grid-connected PV inverter in two different locations. In the first location, it works well, but in the second location, the line voltage to the cubicle body increases and the inverter surge arrester burns. The earth resistance in both cases is below 1 ohm, which indicates that the earthing system is good. I know that high-frequency harmonics are generated by power electronic devices and can cause leakage currents and neutral-earth voltage, but I cannot find the difference between the two conditions. I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.
in the attached pic :
Yellow: line to cubicle body ( which is earthed)
Blue: line-to-line voltage
Green: inverter current
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Please check the surroundings. If the earth around inverter is having many installations with leakage currents the Ground potential itself increases.
Check system Ground/neutral voltage wrt Earth at both locations. This may give hint.
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Any researcher who is interested in working together in the field of Powers Electronics & Drives, Converter & Inverter Design, MPPT Techniques, Solar Photovoltaic Systems, Microgrid, EV Charging Stations. And also interested in publishing good quality paper. Kindly contact me. And also here Give your suggestion and feedback.
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We can do some collaborative work on solar power generation forecasting
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I am seeking guidance on the proper approach to simulating the solid components (PV, EVA, glass) in a Photovoltaic-Thermal (PV-T) model. Specifically, I want to know if the energy equation for these components requires the inclusion of a source term beyond conduction. This question is crucial for accurately modeling the behavior of the solid elements in a PV-T system.
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Koorosh Khosravi Glad to hear that. Best of luck, Koorosh jan.
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Suggest one MPPT algorithm for solar photovoltaic systems which is not mentioned in this paper or which is better performance compare to other algorithms..
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If you are willing to work in MPPT then I suggest you to follow this paper. This paper helps you to choose the best MPPT algorithm for your system.
cation/369600395_Comprehensive_Review_of_Conventional_and_Emerging_Maximum_Power_Point_Tracking_Algorithms_for_Uniformly_and_Partially_Shaded_Solar_Photovoltaic_Systems
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Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a technique used to optimize the output power of photovoltaic (PV) solar panels. There are several MPPT techniques available, including:
  1. Perturb and Observe (P&O) - this method involves periodically perturbing the operating point of the PV panel and observing the corresponding change in the output power. The direction of the perturbation is then adjusted to reach the maximum power point.
  2. Incremental Conductance - this technique is based on the fact that the maximum power point corresponds to the point where the slope of the PV panel's I-V curve is equal to the negative of the panel's incremental conductance.
  3. Fractional Open Circuit Voltage (FOCV) - this method uses the open-circuit voltage of the PV panel to estimate the panel's maximum power point. The panel's output voltage is then adjusted to match the estimated voltage.
  4. Constant Voltage (CV) - this technique involves maintaining a constant voltage across the PV panel and adjusting the panel's output current to reach the maximum power point.
  5. Model Predictive Control (MPC) - this method uses a mathematical model of the PV panel and the MPPT system to predict the panel's behavior and adjust the operating point accordingly.
The choice of the best MPPT technique depends on the specific application and the characteristics of the PV panel. In general, P&O and Incremental Conductance are the most commonly used techniques, as they are simple and effective for most applications. However, for more complex systems or panels with non-linear characteristics, MPC may be the best option. Ultimately, the best MPPT technique will depend on the specific requirements of the application, such as efficiency, cost, and complexity.
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Partially shaded PV.
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Is there anyone with expertise in coding or who has worked on a hybrid algorithm or optimization technique-based MPPT algorithm? I would like to collaborate with him to publish a quality research paper if he is intrested.
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contact me
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Which home heating systems based on green energy technologies should be developed in connection with the currently developing energy crisis and in the future also with the developing climate crisis?
If the currently developing energy crisis worsens significantly, how will you reduce your heating energy consumption and/or increase your household energy security in a situation where heating prices would increase by several tens of percent in the next heating season?
Nowadays, energy-saving solutions and systems are being developed due to rapidly rising fossil fuel prices. For example, solutions are being proposed for lowering the heating temperature in living spaces by a few percent when heating prices would still rise significantly. At present, many citizens are considering new investments in their household to increase energy security. Questions arise: maybe it is worthwhile in the near future, before the next heating season, to install new, renewable sources of heat and/or electricity at home, to insulate the house façade, etc.? Or are there already affordable new eco-innovations and green energy technologies that could be used now to increase energy savings? Besides, an energy crisis is currently developing and, in the long term, so will a climate crisis. When building a house now, it is important to take into account both the potential deepening of the energy crisis and the climate crisis in the future. In addition, the future correlation between the effects of both crises must be taken into account when planning heating systems and the electricity supply. Among the currently fast-growing green building heating technologies are the installation of heat pumps powered by electricity from photovoltaic panels installed on the roof of the house. In the future, the electricity supply for heat pumps may also come from domestic small-scale hydrogen power plants or nuclear fusion mini-reactors.
In view of the above, I address the following research question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
Which home heating systems based on green energy technologies should be developed in view of the currently developing energy crisis and in the future also the developing climate crisis?
What is your opinion on this topic?
What is your opinion on this subject?
Please reply,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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What are the currently created eco-innovations and implemented green technologies for the utilization of used photovoltaic panels?
One of the important factors limiting the development of solar energy may be the still existing lack of eco-innovations and green technologies for the utilization of used photovoltaic panels, implemented on an industrial scale. In many countries, many new photovoltaic panels are currently being installed on buildings. The current energy crisis may additionally accelerate the development of renewable and zero-emission energy sources. However, for a few, a dozen or a max. Several dozen years, millions, and globally billions of photovoltaic panels will be dismantled due to wear and tear and should be disposed of, not landfilled. This is an important issue taking into account the potential contamination of the natural environment with toxic substances contained in photovoltaic panels.
In view of the above, I would like to address the following question to the Distinguished Community of Researchers and Scientists:
What are the currently created eco-innovations and implemented green technologies for the utilization of used photovoltaic panels?
What innovative technologies for utilization of photovoltaic panels are currently working on by scientists and researchers in laboratories, which can become new eco-innovations and green technologies and can be implemented on an industrial scale?
What new eco-innovations and green technologies can solve the problem of recycling used photovoltaic panels in the future?
Please reply,
I invite everyone to the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Perhaps you should read the paper included in https://www.circusol.eu/en/nieuws/67/eco-innovations-for-pv-panels.
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I welcome reviewers who are willing to review the article based on designing and development of robots submitted to the Journal of Computers, Mechanical and Management, an emerging open access journal. Please message me back here with your email id so that i can request a review from you.
Journal Website: https://www.jcmm.co.in
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a. Considering shadowing
b. PVsyst answer is 425000-panel (without considering shadowing)
c. coordinate system : X=53.2054 Y=30.6173
I'm looking for a practical solution that has been applied on a real scale.
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Dear Meysam Asadi:
At the first, and as you know we can say the following:
-- Solar panel output per m2 (square meter):
The most popular domestic solar panel system is 4 kW. This has 16 panels, with each one:
around 1.6 square meters (m2) in size
rated to produce roughly 265 watts (W) of power (in ideal conditions)
To work out the output per square meter, use this formula:
Number of panels x Capacity of the solar panel system
Capacity ÷ Total size of the system (number of panels x size of one panel)
For Example:
16 panels of 265 W each:
# 16 x 265 = a capacity of 4,240 kW.
# The total size of the system (16 panels of 1.6 m2 each).
# 4,240 ÷ 25.6 = 165 W per m2
-- Factors affecting the solar panel output:
The amount of electricity produced by a solar panel can vary based on these factors:
1- Solar panel efficiency
2- Solar panel size
3- Type of solar panel
4- Capacity
5- Location
6- Solar panel direction
You can benefit from these online calculators:
I hope it will be helpful ...
Best wishes ...
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I am looking for examples of using home energy storage to reduce energy peaks on a daily basis in the case of PV. There is a need to use many home energy storage (several hundred thousand in Poland) to cut PV energy peaks.
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I am looking for simulation of dust effects on photovoltaic panels, what are the best simulation tools that can do that?
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Any researcher who is interested in working together in the field of Powers Electronics & Drives, Converter & Inverter Design, MPPT Techniques, Solar Photovoltaic Systems, Microgrid, EV Charging Stations. And also interested in publishing good quality paper. Kindly contact me. And also here Give your suggestion and feedback.
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Yes sir, I'm interested..
I would like to work on Multi-level converters
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I am interested in any paper addressing the potential environmental effects (positive or negative) of floating photovoltaic systems: in reservoirs, lakes, etc. Any suggestion will be welcome!
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You could check this article, it has been discussed the environmental effects of Floating photovoltaic systems
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A datasheet or a published research work demonstrating full updated cost analysis of power production from PV systems is required for research work. I want to do a cost comparison with BESS System. Getting a general cost trend from a reliable source specially for PV system, would be of huge help. Thank you.
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Dear Atik Jawad,
Last year, the average global Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) produced by the PV power plant was 37 $/ MWh (megawatt-hour). However, the price in sunny countries like Bangladesh is about 2-3 times lower. Besides, the LCOE has a trend to decrease.
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I have previously conducted laboratory experiments on a photovoltaic panel under the influence of artificial soiling in order to be able to obtain the short circuit current and the open-circuit voltage data, which I analyzed later using statistical methods to draw a performance coefficient specific to this panel that expresses the percentage of the decrease in the power produced from the panel with the increase of accumulating dust. Are there any similar studies that relied on statistical analysis to measure this dust effect?
I hope I can find researchers interested in this line of research and that we can do joint work together!
Article link:
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Dear Dr Younis
Find attached:
1-(1) (PDF) Spatial Management for Solar and Wind Energy in Kuwait (researchgate.net)
2-(1) (PDF) Cost and effect of native vegetation change on aeolian sand, dust, microclimate and sustainable energy in Kuwait (researchgate.net)
regards
Ali Al-Dousari
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Can you suggest newer papers on experimental studies on a PV/T systems with thermal and electrical storage ?
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Dear Dr. Nocera, My research article here is relatively new. Please check it:
Younis, A., Elsarrag, E., Alhorr, Y., and Onsa, M. "The Influence of Al2O3- ZnO-H2O Nanofluid on the Thermodynamic Performance of Photovoltaic- Thermal Hybrid Solar Collector System." Innovative Energy Research 7(1) (2018) 1-8
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Does anyone have any idea how to evaluate a supper capacitor with a 10Watt solar PV system?
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Compared with traditional or overland PV systems, the floating PV systems can benefit from the natural cooling effect of water and operate with higher efficiency, since the decrease of the operating temperature of the PV module tends to increase the PV system efficiency. What is the difference in operational temperature between floating PV modules and overland PV modules?
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In Addition, you can find issues related to other aspects of this structure in my article titled " ".
I will be looking forward to hearing your thoughts.
BR - Hesam
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That is, what parameters and indicators do they consider when they want to evaluate that a converter is better?
Do these indicators have minimum values as standard?
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thanks for your response.
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As continuity of previous discussion topic, what is the key advantage of using PCM-based PV cooling? (feel free to indicate published articles on this topic)
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A hybrid PVT/PCM system is constructed to experimentally examine the effect of water/glycol-based nanofluids as active cooling media and organic paraffin wax (PCM) as passive cooling medium. Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) are considered as the nanoparticles, due to their high thermal conductivity.
The attachment study may be helpful based on the energy and exergy analysises.
Best Regards
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I am obtaining very high resistance in a solar(pv) system.
Instead of getting around 1 M ohm, i have it around 20 M ohm.
The plant is around 500 kw and recently had been cleared of a lot of moss on the rooftop(but nothing was on solar modules). I want to know what are the probable reasons for the errors in insulation.
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Dear colleague you also could benefit from this practical research about your topic " What happens when… insulation fails?" in PV Magazine at:
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I am obtaining very high resistance in a solar(pv) system.
Instead of getting around 1 M ohm, i have it around 20 M ohm.
The plant is around 500 kw and recently had been cleared of a lot of moss on the rooftop(but nothing was on solar modules). I want to know what are the probable reasons for the errors in insulation.
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If the degradation occurs inside the solar panels, the main cause is the potential induced degradation in the insulation layers between the solar cells and the terminals of the module. For this type of degradation please refer to the the link:https://www.lgenergy.com.au/faq/commercial-solar/what-is-pid-potential-induced-degradation
AS for the the other type of failure mechanism the insulators subjected to environments can be covered by dust and moisture. This causes leakage across the surfaces of the insulators that may cause the failure of the transmission system.
One have to keep such surfaces of the insulators clean of dust and other contaminations. It may also due to improper sizing of the insulators.
Best wishes
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We have a variable load which is connected to a pv panel via a boost conveter. As depicted in the figure, the controller controls the output voltage, and doesn't grant mppt. What happens when the load changes from 8 to 16 ohms, supposedly. In direct connection of a load to a pv panel, we easily draw the I_V curve and load curves and determine the operation point. Can we do the same here?
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In a boost converter, the output voltage is always higher than the input voltage. A schematic of a boost power stage is shown in Figure 1. (a) When the switch is closed, current flows through the inductor in the clockwise direction and the inductor stores some energy by generating a magnetic field. Apparently, same applies to PC.
Kind Regards
Qamar Ul Islam
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Actually I want to know the concept behind it, How it is possible.
I am working on MPPT using Cuk converter.
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I agree with Bashar Hamad
Best regards
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Normally solar cells are interconnected in series or parallel within a photovoltaic module. Is there a general rule of thumb for this? Does this depend on the technology: poly-Si, PERC, HIT, CPV, Thin-film, or is there another reason? Thank you very much in advance.
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In agreement with Dounia Chlyeh ,The series or parallel connection on the solar cell depends on the ratings of the load. It is defined by the load voltage and the load current. To increase the voltage one has has to increase the number of solar cells connected in series and then the current requirement is satisfied by connecting the series strings in parallel.
However to make the building of the PV generators is an easy and redundant process one divides the array into modules. The modules or panels have standard sizes that is ramped with time. from 80watt peak power up to 240 watt.
The voltage of the modules is matched to the commercial chemical batteries as 12V and 24V and 36V.So the factory deliver panels and the customer build his system according to the requirement of his loads.
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Dear all,
Could you please recommend design guidelines for floating platforms supporting photovoltaic systems.
Best regards,
Paulo Rosa Santos
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in cold regions, the ice load is the dominant force affecting the floating PV installations.Please see my study on that issue:
Energies | Free Full-Text | Ice Load Characteristics on Floating Photovoltaic Platform (mdpi.com)
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Anyone's can suggest me which optimization / estimation techniques is good for solar photovoltaic cells.
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You have three main parameters to maximize in order to maximize the power conversion efficiency PCE of the solar cell.
It is so that the PCE= Isc. Voc . FF/ Incident solar radiation AM1.5
So, as you see the three factors are the short circuit current Isc,
the open circuit voltage Voc and the fill factor.
On has to adjust the physical and the technological parameters of the solar cell to achieve the maximum of the three quantities.
One has to make the absorber thickness at least equal to the absorption depth of the highest radiation wavelength so d>= 1/alph(almbdamax)
where alpha is the absorption coefficient,
The thickness d must also made at the same tome less than the diffusion length of the minority carriers L; so, d<=L
One has to minimize the reverse situation current Is of the dark current to achieve the highest Voc such that:
Voc= nVt ln Isc/Is
Is is minimized by reducing the injection across the junction and the minority carrier life time through out the device.
In order to increase the fill factor one has to reduce the shunt resistance Rs and increase the shunt resistance Rsh.
In this way one gets the highest efficiency.
For more information about building the solar cell to achieve the highest efficiency please refer to the book chapter:
Best wishes
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I) How do I measure common mode voltage in matlab simulation?
II) After knowing the value of the common mode voltage, how do I see the behavior of this voltage together with the stray capacitance generating the leakage current?
III) For example, with this circuit (a), where would I have to measure to get these graphs of common mode voltage and leakage current (b)?
Figures: M. N. H. Khan, M. Forouzesh, Y. P. Siwakoti, L. Li, T. Kerekes and F. Blaabjerg, "Transformerless Inverter Topologies for Single-Phase Photovoltaic Systems: A Comparative Review," in IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 805-835, March 2020, doi: 10.1109/JESTPE.2019.2908672.
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In simulation take the average of the pole voltages.
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I am interested to work in the field of power electronics Converter & inverter, Renewable Energy, Solar Photovoltaic System, Battery management, fast charging proces, electrical vehicles, etc
Can u suggest me some topics and area, which one good and easy to publish journal & completed my PHD in within 3yrs..
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Practical implementation of advanced control methods
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I have an unpublished journal paper title "Describing and analyzing spatial patterns of household PV installation in Queensland, Australia". I want to submit it in a journal (Q2 or Q3). Can anyone suggest to me any good quality Q2 or Q3 journal that can fit this article?
The abstract of the journal is:
About 30% or more of Queensland's homes offer rooftop solar power systems i.e., photovoltaic (PV). Though, the reasons affecting the decisions regarding PV installations in regional and metropolitan cities in Queensland are still unknown. This paper studies the trends of solar power installations between the metropolitan city of Brisbane and some regional cities of Queensland and finds the important factors that influence the fluctuations of solar power installations between metropolitan and regional cities. Trends and patterns in PV installations were identified using ancillary data and a quantitative methodology supported by an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. This paper found that in the Brisbane metropolitan area PV installations would have an upward trend after 2020 while regional Queensland would decline after 2020 from its peak position at present. The study also found that owner-occupied separate houses with three or more bedrooms had more PV systems installed compared to those with less than three bedrooms. Therefore, these findings can help to target potential customers as well as future planning for PV expansion.
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I agree with Mavd Ribeiro Teles and Md. Hasanuzzaman that many good publishers have created useful tools that help us to find an appropriate journal. After adding the title and the abstract you will get useful proposals. I have used Journal Suggester from two publishers, and also Journal Finder.
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I want to have these components in a hybrid renewable energy system (energy storage (thermal energy storage or CAES), solar collector or solar PV, solar reactor, wind turbine, CCHP plant, biomass boiler, etc.) Exergy and energy analysis is going to be performed in my project, Thanks for your participation.
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EES
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What are the factors that most influence the decision to purchase a photovoltaic system?
What do consumers think about photovoltaic distributed generation?
Are consumers' thoughts about the distributed generation of photovoltaic energy consistent with reality?
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The cost of the system in the short term compared to the available conventional energy negatively affects the decision. I think to achieve the goal for green and clean energy, there should be government incentives or waivers for customers who develop an interest in procuring photovoltaic systems.
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As far as I know, a PID controller is needed to keep the output voltage constant if there are any load changes. Additionally, it helps the tracking process in a photovoltaic system even more effortless with fewer overshoots, rise times, and so on.
Please correct me if any of my above statements are wrong, and feel free to add any more information regarding the PID controller and the MPPT.
But, I have no idea how to connect a PID controller with the MPPT. I need to keep my output voltage constant irrespective of any load or weather changes in the photovoltaic system.
Please help me out on this!
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Thank you very much, your response was greatly helpful.
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In both Grid connected and stand alone Solar PV system an inverter is used.  Please clarify if we can use a same inverter for both grid connected and stand alone operation of solar PV systems?
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Yes, this is posible. But, I recommend to use a real time PV voltage checker and disconnect the inverter from the grid, if the PV couldn’t generate enough voltage. This is to avoid the inverter acts as a load for the grid power system when its output voltage is equal/less than the the grid voltage. Also, you meed zero crossing detector for safe connecting and disconnecting the inverter to the grid.
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I have another three questions about theoretical computations in photovoltaics systems. I was wondering if you could help me with. 1-If the module efficiency written in a catalog is 18% and the calculated efficiency for the given module in specific weather conditions is 30%, does the calculated value make sense? 2-Is it possible to obtain negative values in the calculations done for short circuit current? 3-If the negative value is correct for the short-circuit current, according to the formula ( p =I_sc*V_oc*ff) will the output power also be negative? And If a few days of negative power is achieved in a month, how the average power is calculated? Is it ignored or the absolute values are used in the calculation?
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Hello
thanks for the reference you mentioned and for your answer.
best regards
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hello
I have three questions about theoretical computations in photovoltaics systems. I wonder if anyone skilled in this area could help me.
1-If the module efficiency written in a catalog is 18% and the calculated efficiency for the given module in specific weather conditions is 30%, does the calculated value make sense?
2-Is it possible to obtain negative values in the calculations done for short circuit current?
3-If the negative value is correct for the short-circuit current, according to the formula ( p =I_sc*V_oc*ff) will the output power also be negative? And If a few days of negative power is achieved in a month, how the average power is calculated? Is it ignored or the absolute values are used in the calculation?
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Hope you are well!
As for the first question,
The solar cell efficiency can not increase from 18 percent under the standard test condition to 30 percent under lower temperature condition.
It can so that the extrapolation formulas you used to calculate the solar cell parameters under other test conditions has limited validity range!
So, you have to elaborate your calculations.
Physically the short-circuit current increases slightly with temperature.
The open circuit voltage decreases with the temperature and the fill factor decreases with the temperature.
- The second question
The I-V curve of the solar cell appears in the 4th quadrant of the I-V plane.
So, It is negative. In the sense it is flowing to the positive pole of the solar cell.
This is its sense irrespective of the environmental conditions.
Changing the direction from being negative to positive is false. This means that the solar cell is no longer a source of electricity.
- The output power does not change its sign except operated out side the fourth quadrant. In this case it is no longer a solar cell but just a photodiode.
Please review the solar cells from the book:
Best wishes
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Hi everyone,
My research requires solar irradiance data and  I do my research in Thailand. However, I can utilize irradiance data from any location for my research. So, can you please suggest me links which offer this information?
Thank you in advance,
Sam
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Hello. Generally solar irradiance data is inbuilt in any solar based software like PVSOL, HomerPro etc. The irradiation data from NASA or NREL is collected and inbuilt in these software. You can also check NREL webiste and some online solar platforms like Solargis, PVgis etc.
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The solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant uses commercial (non-concentrated) PV modules which are quite simple in design and reliable. They can work on fixed orientation and don't need the moving parts, i.e., solar tracker. However, concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems are more popular than ordinary PV systems from the research point of view.
Is there any scope of commercialization of CPV systems in the future?
OR
Is there any PV plant existing in the world which has CPV modules?
Thanking you
------
Manoj Kumar Sharma
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خالد الحربي اين توجد هذة المحطة
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Dear Sir
I Ask to change this title of my paper '' Influencing length of the power line on grid-connected photovoltaic system '' by right title '' Influencing factor analysis of the short circuit ratioon grid-connected photovoltaic systems''
Thanks
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It can be like this "Influencing the power line length of a grid-connected photovoltaic system".
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I need to measure the CCT from rotor angle graph >> is it possible ? HOW?
it will be highly appreciated, if you advice any method to calculate the CCT
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This is a trial an error process in a multi.machine system, first of all you need to know a clearing time for a stable operating condition and another time for an unstable condition, then you can try another time from such an interval. Should the resulting condition is unstable you have to reduce the clearing time and run the simulation again, in this way you are reducing the interval until you reach the CCT
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Hello everyone, I have two questions and I would like it if you could help me out please.
  1. I need to know, in your opinion, what is the most efficient PV panel configuration between a distributed panel ( with power electronics panel level) or centralized panel ( with only one inverter)?
  2. What is typically used in the market right now? and why?
Thank you for your time.
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Dear Khedidja
Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is normally performed in the distributed power electronic stage. Therefore, the operating point of the controlled part (String, module, submodule, or cell) is the maximum power point that yields the maximum available power regardless of the inter-partial shading between cells. The MPPT algorithm is not capable of recognizing the shaded cells. If, by any means, the controlled part operates at the weakest current (offered by the most-shaded cell), a significant portion of the power will be lost. Nevertheless, it is difficult to detect the cells undergoing partial shading in real-time applications unless additional hardware is added into the system (e.g., thermal or optical cameras).
I hope that I delivered my idea.
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I need to create and download a weather file (in SRW format) for SAM, can any one help me?
SRW weather file For custom points
Thanks
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Hi,
In my case the best option is using a spreadsheet program to create the file with an existing file of the SAM installations. There is also a description of the file structure in the SAM's help system. That could be tricky, however is the best option for me until now.
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In recent years a new development happened in solar refrigerator design by eliminating expensive and problematic energy storage batteries. The technology so-called, direct-drive refrigeration technology uses solar power to freeze water or other phase change material. During the night and cloudy days, the refrigerator uses the ice bank for cooling and maintaining the setpoint temperature. The direct-drive refrigerator is directly connected to the photovoltaic generators and which can run in low voltages
Can anyone explain how to calculate the cooling load of (W) refrigerator including energy storage in ice bank for the night and cloudy days? How to calculate the required level of PV panel? Some examples would be very useful . Thank you
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Suppose, in a photovoltaic string with multiple modules (assume 10), all connected in series, each module is getting different values of irradiance uniformly throughout the module surface. Each module with 72 cells in series is as per the market standard with 3 bypass diodes for every 24 cells. I am trying to understand whether these would also lead to the formation of multiple MPPs in the voltage-current characteristic of the string, or will it still have a single peak, with a low short-circuit current due to the limiting effect from the module with the lowest irradiance. It would be helpful if you can suggest some suitable literature to study more on it. Thanks.
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Nouhaila Jariri : Thank you for your suggestion.
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after a several time of research i can't find an example clearly explain step by step about PV systems simulation with TRNSYS software. can someone give me a link or reference or something like that.
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You can find example of pv system in example file of trnsys 
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I want to model, simulate and study the partial shading effects on the electrical characteristics of Series-Parallel, Brindge-Linked, Honey-Comb and Total-Cross-Tied PV array configurations under different shading patterns.
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Please see this attachment file
Best regards
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Can anyone recommend good tutorial materials and literature on 'grid forming and grid following converter models'?. I will appreciate your recommendations and suggestions. Thanks.
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Check the following interested book:
Jamil, M., Rizwan, M., & Kothari, D. P. (2017). Grid Integration of Solar Photovoltaic Systems. Crc Press.
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The ideal assumption is : uniform sized PV and battery storage system, and similar load for both configurations.
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Go big, go DC: an in-depth look at DC-coupled solar-plus-storage
DC-coupled system requires only one inverter, which means simpler installation and reduced costs. Additionally, one inverter to manage the system means functionality benefits, such as simpler synchronisation and coordination of advanced features
DC-coupled solar and battery installation allows the system owner to use PV power above the inverter rating and the inverter does not limit power, in other words act as a bottleneck for the power flow due to energy conversion.
Compared with alternating current (AC) coupling, DC coupling the PV array and the battery storage system in front-of-meter installations, such as utility-scale plants, is a much newer, less standardised approach. This had led some US utilities to begin piloting these configurations to see how the technology performs. On the supply chain side, balance of plant (BoP) equipment manufacturers are delivering more standardised and simpler to use power electronics equipment for enabling DC-coupled plants.
Details here
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I have a project consisting of a solar water pumping system. It is composed of a PV system, an inverter, a capacitor, an asynchronous/induction machine that is driving the pump. In order for the system to work, the capacitor will act as an intermediate storage between the PV and the induction machine. In order to adapt the power given by the PV to the pump(to adapt the flow of water), and not overload or underload the pump, I need to stabilize the voltage across the capacitor.
I could not find any resource on the internet until now, I need a reference on the subject.
Thank you for your help in advance
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yes you can send me the equations. But there is no mystery; the boost converter will increase the output voltage "indefinitely", or until something breaks, if you do not put any feedback in the system. For you, there are two ways to add the feedback. The simplest is to add a comparator that compares voltage on the capacitor with a preset value and stops converter operation when the voltage is reached. When the boost converter is stopped, the voltage will drop because of the consumption in the motor, and when voltage drops below certain value (a small hysteresis is needed), the converter starts again. the voltage on the capacitor will be regulated within this hysteresis window. In more complex systems, the boost converter operation will be regulated to keep the voltage within 1-2% of the nominal, not by stopping the converter but by adjusting the timing of the mosfet gate drive. so, add to your diagram the pulse generator driving the gate, the voltage divider that brings voltage on the capacitor down to few volts, and the comparator that enables/disables the gate drive.
in even more complex system, the voltage feedback will be derived not from the capacitor, but from motor speed sensor.
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Hello Everyone,
I am working on lead free perovskite solar cells. I am interested to calculate charge carrier lifetime from time resolved photo-luminescence spectroscopy (TRPL). Kindly guide me how can I find out charge carrier lifetime from TRPL Data?
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I will try to define a derive an expression for the lifetime as it is agreed upon in the semicondcutor literature. The radiative recombination rate R
can be expressed by
R = k np, where k is a constant, n and p are the electron and electron concentrations
assuming n=p for intrinsic material as undoped perovskites, then
R=k n^2
The emitted photon flux epsi is proportional to R= dn/dt
epsi =dn/dt= k n^2
depsi/dt= d2n/dn^2= 2k n,
By definition R=n/Tau where Tau is the lifetime.
kn^2= n/Tau
Tau= I/kn
depsi/dt= 2/Tau
Tau= 2/(depsi/dt)
After this definitions and derivations we see that
The lifetime according to the definition above is equal to double the inverse slope of the photolumenance with time.
Best wishes
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As a requirment in my project, I have to synthesize Formamidinium bromide (FABr). According to the protocols which are mentioned in the articles, I've synthesized this material but I think there is an error in my work?
Does anyone has the experience of this synthesis?
Because in the articles, the authors don't express all the steps, I want to know if there is any critical strategy during the synthesis of FABr and specially in the purification stage of this process.
I would appreciate if you point out a reliable article which has mentioned all the stages of this synthesis with it's details.
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Dear Reads Nima Tabatabaei Rezaei,
Have you tried the way I propose to go ahead for the same? Just try it.Somebody has done and successfully got some very interesting synthesis results.
Because of the good thermal stability and superior carrier transport characteristics of formamidinium lead trihalide perovskite HC(NH2)2PbX3 (FAPbX3) has been considered to be a better optoelectronic material than conventional CH3NH3PbX3 (MAPbX3). The FAPbBr3 photodetector’s responsivity to two-photon absorption with an 800-nm excitation source can reach 0.07 A W−1, which is four orders of magnitude higher than that of its MAPbBr3 counterparts. Materials such as Formamidine acetate, lead bromide (PbBr2, > 98%) and hydrobromic acid (48 wt% in water), Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) may required for synthesis.
Formamidinium iodide (FAI) and formamidinium bromide (FABr) can be synthesised by dissolving formamidinium acetate powder in a 2x molar excess of 57%w/w hydroiodic acid (for FAI) or 48%w/w hydrobromic acid (for FABr). FABr can be synthesized by slowly dropping 10 mL hydrobromic acid into 50 mmol (5.205 g) formamidine acetate in a flask, accompanied by continuous stirring at 0 °C for 2 h under argon atmosphere. The product FABr was formed once the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator at 70 °C. The crude white powder was dissolved in ethanol and subsequently reprecipitated in diethyl ether. Then, the filtered product was dried at 60 °C in a vacuum oven for 24 h for further use.
Ashish
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Dear all,
I am trying to compute the theoretical efficiency of a photovoltaic cell using the method described in the attached paper, which is based on the classical Shockley and Queisser arguments (available here: )
Part of the calculation involves the efficiency factor n_rec = V_oc / Vg where V_oc is the open circuit voltage and Vg the bandgap voltage (Equation 13).
As a far as I understand, from a physical standpoint n_rec should be smaller than 1, since V_oc cannot be superior to Vg. Nevertheless, I do obtain n_rec values higher than 1 (i.e. V_oc > Vg), when I consider for instance a blackbody emitter at 6000K, a PV cell temperature = 300K, 100% radiative recombinations (f_rec = 1) and a bandgap of 1 eV.
Therefore, I am wondering: is there something wrong with my calculation ? or does the model have some limitation that I am not aware of ?
From a mathematical standpoint, I don't see what enforces V_OC < Vg, would someone be able to explain this?
Thanks a lot for your help!
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Dear Quentin,
the open circuit voltage is determined by the difference of the quasi-fermi-levels. Therefrom you can differ the following cases:
- In low doped semiconductors and at low excitation levels you have V_oc/Vg < 1 as expected.
- In degenerated material you have V_oc/Vg >1 because the fermi-level lies within the bands.
- At high excitation levels (excess carrier concentration compares with the equilibrium concentration) the quasi Fermi level shifts into the bands due to the fact that the bands are filled with carriers. In this nonequilibrium case you find V_oc/Vg > 1 too.
With Regard
R. Mitdank
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Hello,
I am trying to model a PV module in MATLAB that can get 24h data inputs of (irradiance, air temperature and wind speed) to produce the output.
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% |||||||||||||||||||||||| PV_Characteristics |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
clc;
close all;
clear all;
%EEE_HUB EEE_HUB EEE Constant Declaration EEE_HUB EEE_HUB EEE_HUB EEE_HUB
K=1.38065e-23; %Boltzman Constant
q=1.602e-19; %Electron's Charge
Iscn=8.21; %Desigerable Short Circuit Current
Vocn=32.9; % Desigerable Open Circuit Voltage
Kv=-0.123; % Temperature Voltage Constant
Ki=0.0032; %Temperature Current Constant
Ns=54; %Number of Series Conected Cells
T=25+273; % Operating Temperature in Kelvin
Tn=30+273; %Temperature at STC
Gn=1000; %Irradiance at STC
a=2.0; %Diode Ideality Constant [1<a<2]
Eg=1.2; %Band Gap of silicon at Temperature of STC condition [ 25 deg. Cel]
G=1000; %Actual Irradiance
Rs=0.221; %Series Resistance of Equivalent PV cell
Rp=415.405; %Parallel Resistance of Equivalent PV cell
%EEE_HUB EEE_HUB EEE Parameter's Value Calculation EEE_HUB EEE_HUB EEE_HUB
Vtn=Ns*((K*Tn)/q); % Equation 2
I0n=Iscn/((exp(Vocn/(a*Vtn)))-1); % Equation 5
I0=I0n*((Tn/T)^3)*exp(((q*Eg/(a*K))*((1/Tn)-(1/T)))); %Equation 4
Ipvn=Iscn;
Ipv=(G/Gn)*(Ipvn+Ki*(T-Tn)); %Equation 3
Vt=Ns*((K*T)/q);
i=1;
I(1)=0;
for (V=Vocn: -0.1: 0)
I_term1=I0*(exp((V+I(i)*Rs)/(Vt*a))-1); %Part of Equation 1
I_term2= (V+I(i)*Rs)/Rp; % Part of Equation 1
I(i+1)=Ipv-(I_term1+I_term2); %Equation 1
if I(i)>0 % Negative Power and Current Control Loop
I(i)=I(i);
else
I(i)=0;
end
Pi(i)=V*I(i);
Vi(i)=V;
i=i+1;
end
%EEE_HUB EEE_HUB EEE Graphical Interface EEE_HUB EEE_HUB EEE_HUB EEE_HUB
figure(1)
plot(Vi(1:i-1),I(1:i-1),'r', 'Linewidth',2.5)
xlabel('Voltage (volt)');
ylabel('Current (Amp)');
figure(2)
plot(Vi(1:i-1),Pi(1:i-1),'k', 'Linewidth',2.5)
xlabel('Voltage (volt)');
ylabel('Power (Watt)');
% |||||||||||||||||||||:||||||||||| End |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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how can I choose the best materials for photovoltaic system?
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Another important issue is the material stability and reliability in addition to the availability. Up till now silicon and other metallic semiconductors stand in the front. In spite of the lower cost and higher conversion efficiency of the halide perovskite it is unstable in addition to the inclusion of Pb which is toxic.
So, the material be also untoxic and environment friendly.
Easy processing is also a requirement for good solar cell materials.
Best wishes
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Dear all,
Let I have 2 modules each one has a certain irradiance and I want to get the global mpp through mppt controller. my question is: how to connect this circuit ? if i connect them in series should I use one dc-dc converter or two (one for each). Also the input signals of P&O mppt controller.. I mean VPV and Ipv should I take VPV1+VPV2 and IPV1or2 ?
I should mention that I was able to produce the correct PV curve under partial shading but this without applying mppt controller. When I apply it everything goes wrong ?
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Dear Adham,
The maximum power point tracking is accomplished by measuring the I-V curve and then getting its global maximum whatever the connection is as at the end effect you have a power source with two terminals and you measure and observe it IV curve under the varied illumination condition.
In this case you use one load and one DCLDC converter which acts as an impedance transformer to match the load with the pv generator.
The major issue here is that you may have multiple maxima and you want to track the the highest one.
The colleagues hinted this point but i would like to bring your attention to the method developed in the papers:
The other point in you question about how the modules are connected to harvest the maximum energy under partial shading you can look at the recent paper :
Best wishes
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Do you think that with increasing the penetration level of renewable energy power plants, synchronous generators can be removed from the power system? Is the system inertia not lost?
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As the penetration of renewable energy sources (solar energy and wind energy) increases, the amount of conventional synchronous generator (SG) powered by coal, oil and gas will be phased out. The static converter of solar and wind power system doesn't exhibit any rotational inertia/ rotating mass, unlike a SG. Hence, a virtual inertia-based converter (e.g. virtual synchronous machine (VSM), virtual synchronous generator (VSG) and synchronverter) is invented to emulate the dynamic behaviour of a SG.
By synthesizing virtual inertia, it enables the droop controls by controlling the converter via PWM. Hence, for frequency droop control, whenever there is frequency (f) drop, the converter will inject active power (P) to balance the power generation and consumption, or vice versa. For voltage droop control, whenever there is a voltage drop, the converter will inject reactive power (Q) or vice versa.
By doing this, the power grid will view the renewable energy sources as a conventional SG and the grid frequency and voltage will not be deteriorated even under the intermittency of solar/ wind, overloading fault or voltage sag. You may have a look on the research papers on this topic:
Hope these information helps!
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Does the change in load affects maximum power point in PV systems? (I think the answer is Yes). Then, why do all MPPT techniques only concern themselves with the changes in environmental conditions (irradiation)?
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Dear Ahmad ,My answer may be late but as this question needs a conceptual answer.
It is so that the MPPT controller works such that the the PV array works at its maximum point what ever the load is. The DC/DC converter operates as a matching transformer. It is capable to match the solar array with a a variable load
naturally in a specific range of variations.
Best wishes
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Hello all, 
I need to fabricate a working solar cell (thin film 100 nm Si) preferably in vertical architecture (later architecture can also be done). I have SOI wafer with 300 nm SOI layer (lightly p doped , resistivity of 500 ohm/cm), 3 um buried oxide and then Si handle wafer. I usually thin down the SOI layer by dry oxidation and etching to 100 nm. For my work, I need to lower Si absorption as much as possible. However, I tried to fabricate a vertical p-n junction but my diodes doesn't show good diode behavior. One important thing to note is that the devices have all top contact. 1 chip has 7 devices of 1.5 mm x 1.5 mm, but only one common contact to the p-doped SOI (7 devices have individual 7 top contacts on n-doped layer). However, the common contact is approx. 3 mm-10 mm away depending on the device that is being measured. My understanding is that this way of making common contact is very bad. If anyone has any suggestion please let me know.
Thanks
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