Phonology - Science topic

Previous research on English found that fine-phonetic durational differences are modulated by lexical and morphological differences, for example, in different types of word-final /s/ (Plag et al., 2017; Schmitz et al., 2021), in homophonous free and bound (pseudo-)stems (Engemann & Plag, 2021), and in homophonous words (Lohmann, 2018). The present...

Achieving adult-like coarticulation, which relies on precise gestural coordination, is known to be a challenging aspect of phonological development. Unique coordination challenges are posed by doubly articulated stops, typologically uncommon complex consonants that show crosslinguistic variation in their acoustic contrast with simplex (singly artic...

Lexical tone is an important phonological property in tonal languages, but its encoding process in speech production remains unclear. We conducted two electroencephalographic (EEG) experiments to investigate the time course of tonal encoding relative to that of syllabic encoding in Mandarin Chinese disyllabic and monosyllabic word production respec...

Motivated by theories of music-to-language transfer, we investigated whether and how musicianship benefits phonological and lexical prosodic awareness in first language (L1) Cantonese and second language (L2) English. We assessed 86 Cantonese-English bilingual children on rhythmic sensitivity, pitch sensitivity, non-verbal intelligence, inhibitory...

This study investigates the effectiveness of Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) strategies in enhancing Critical Thinking (CT) skills and academic performance in the study of English Phonetics and Phonology among students at a Spanish Higher Education Institution. A total of 54 students from a Bachelor's Degree in Primary Education were divided into cont...

In this article, we offer a first description of the Tense Aspect Mood Polarity (TAMP) system of Ngwi, a poorly described West-Coastal Bantu language spoken along the left bank of the Lower Kasai River in the present-day Kwilu Province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We present a preliminary account of Ngwi's compact morphological ve...

Studies on Vietnamese and Japanese phonology have revealed a gap between phonological contrastive analysis (CA) and second language (L2) pronunciation instruction. Using the contrastive method, this article aims to bridge this gap by highlighting the differences and similarities between the phonemic inventories and phonological rules of both langua...

This study explores phonological rhythm in Thai through the speech cycling (SC) paradigm. Six native Thai speakers, with and without musical training, produced phrases synchronized to external rhythmic cues. We measured the alignment of stressed syllables within a phrase repetition cycle (PRC) and analyzed the distribution of these alignments. The...

Rhotic approximants in English are produced with considerable articulatory variability across speakers and contexts. Although this variability has been examined in North American, British and New Zealand varieties, it has not been documented using instrumental methods in Australian English (AusE). We therefore examined rhotic approximants produced...

ބަހުރުވައަކީ ބަހެއްގެ އަޑުމަޚުރަޖުގެ ތަފާތު ނުވަތަ އަޑުގެ ތަފާތު ނުވަތަ 'ލެކްސިކަލް' ތަފާތުތަކާ އެކު އެ ބަހަކުން ވާހަކަދައްކާ ތަފާތު ގޮތްތަކެކެވެ. ބަސްބަހުގެ މިފަދަ ތަފާތު ބަހުރުވަތައް އުފެދުމުގެ ސަބަބުތަކުގެ ތެރޭގައި ސަރަހައްދީ ކައިރި-ދުރުމިނާއި، އިޖުތިމާއީ ތަފާތުތަކާއި، ސަގާފީ ނުވަތަ ތާރީޚީ ކަންކަން ހިމެނެއެވެ. މި ދިރާސާގެ ބޭނުމަކީ ދިވެހިބަހުގެ ބ...

Although Reduplication, a linguistic process based on morphological, phonological, semantic and syntactic features, is found in several languages across the world, including many indigenous languages spoken in Pakistan, Burushaski, a language isolate spoken in Gilgit-Baltistan region is not an exception. The aim of the current study on reduplicatio...

This work aims to present an analysis of an English language textbook to verify the predominance of the paradigms of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) in the activities of oral comprehension in English of a textbook approved by the PNLD in 2018, used in public schools in the municipality of Ilhéus - BA. We rel...

Since its emergence in 1970 up to the present time with its different versions, metrical theory has been used and applied to different texts in different languages. However, Bruce Hayes's parametric metrical theory has been proved to be universal through its application to the word and phrasal levels of many languages. By the metrical grids and a n...

Communication accommodation is concerned with people's linguistic behavior during oral interaction with others. Convergence with the listener is one of the most salient features of accommodation that is determined by various contextual, regional, social and psychological factors. This paper investigates the tendency to use the urban phonological an...

Phonetics and Phonology

In recent years, there has been an increase in interest in the study of the training of film actors. Discussions about it often reference the use of non-native pedagogies, in particular those stemming from Stanislavsky, despite the fact that since the 1940s many generations of Italian actors have learned the craft through Orazio Costa’s Mimic Metho...

Phonology is a branch of linguistics that studies the sounds of language, and the processes of their formation and change. The smallest unit of language that functions, the term phoneme has the ability to distinguish meaning. Phonemes differ based on where they are in the word, such as the first phoneme in the word "makan" and has a different meani...

This study analyses the impact of certain cognitive processes on the writing of words in languages with different orthographic consistency (Spanish and Arabic) in the first and second years of Primary Education. One hundred twenty-eight schoolchildren from Ecuador and 109 from Algiers participated in this study. All the participants were aged betwe...

Masyarakat Negeri Sembilan dikatakan mengalami pengaruh budaya daripada luar, iaitu Adat Perpatih dari Minangkabau, Sumatera tetapi dari segi bahasa, masyarakat Negeri Sembilan tidak mengamalkan bahasa Minangkabau. Objektif kajian ini untuk mengenal pasti inventori segmental dialek Jelebu di Negeri Sembilan. Selain itu, kajian ini bertujuan menjela...

In this paper, we will address the phonetic-orthographic aspects in the missionary-colonial grammars of the Philippines. Based on a corpus of 16 grammars created by missionaries-linguists during the 17th and 18th centuries, we describe the treatment of the phonetic component of the Philippine languages that they subject to grammatical analysis. Als...

This study examined whether the reading and writing interests of 4-year-old Japanese children are associated with their Hiragana letter-sound knowledge. Children (N = 105, mean age = 58.99 months), enrolled in kindergartens, nursery schools, and certified childcare centers that do not provide literacy instruction were assessed on tasks assessing ph...

The chapter deals with the abilities acquired through simultaneous interpreting training that improve the fonological consciousness of the subjects.

Universities have a mandate to accommodate non-sighted students, but it has been widely reported by a considerable number of visually impaired students that they confront a plethora of difficulties in their pursuit of education. The present study employed a descriptive research design to delineate and record the attributes, viewpoints, and circumst...

Dynamic assessments (DAs) of word reading skills demonstrate strong criterion reference validity with word reading measures (WRMs). However, DAs vary in the skills they assess, their format and administration method, and the type of words and symbols used in test items. These characteristics may have implications on assessment validity. To compare...

This study investigated phonological backward transfer in the ethnolinguistic minority of first-generation bilingual immigrant Indians in Glasgow 'Glaswasians' [1] in relation to Flege's Speech Learning Model [2, 3], which predicts `assimilation' and `dissimilation' of sound categories. The study explored whether and how sounds of Glaswasian native...

Phoneme discrimination is believed to be less accurate in non-native languages compared to native ones. What remains unclear is whether differences in pre-attentive phonological processing emerge between the first foreign language (L2) and additional ones (L3/Ln), and whether they might be influenced by the acquisition setting (formal vs. naturalis...

Background Dyscalculia, a specific learning disorder per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Fifth Edition (DSM-5), involves difficulties in math domains. Research on working memory’s link to dyscalculia is crucial for effective interventions in children with the disorder. This study aims to examine the cognitive characteristics of Egyptian child...

This study offers a grammatical description of the Suruwahá language, which belongs to the Arawá language family and is spoken by a community of 156 members in southern Amazonas, Brazil. The Suruwahá language has been the subject of only a few previous publications, all of which focused on its phonology. The current study covers the language's phon...

We present acoustic and articulatory data from an experiment designed to test the phonetic variability of rhotics in Brazilian Portuguese, focusing on the São Paulo variety. Ultrasound tongue imaging was used to examine the realisation of rhotics in a range of phonological environments. Our analysis reveals that word-initial and intervocalic fricat...

This paper examines the significance of Jeju Island during the Mongol invasions of Korea (1231-1270) and its role as a final stronghold for the Sambeolcho (삼별초) rebels, who resisted Mongol rule. The Mongol Empire, under Genghis Khan and later Kublai Khan, sought to dominate East Asia, forcing the Goryeo Kingdom to submit in 1259. However, the S...

Reading proficiency is one of the most important skills to be developed by students at school. However, the data on reading proficiency performance in Spanish schoolchildren show a downward trend. Thus, to measure this performance, a reading proficiency assessment test has been developed for Primary School students (PCL-P). Based on a multilevel mo...

This study explores the phenomenon of vowel epenthesis in Moroccan Arabic (MA) using the framework of Optimality Theory (OT). Based on data collected from native speakers, this article focuses on alternations in schwa placement across different verb forms. The analysis examines the constraints that govern schwa insertion and offers a critical evalu...

The presented research introduces the concept of interlanguage, a key term in the study of second language (L2) acquisition, with particular reference to the teaching of Italian as an L2 to Eastern Slavic speakers, especially Russian native speakers. The concept of interlanguage represented an important theoretical innovation in applied linguistics...

This study aims to provide an acoustic description of the sequences [Cɾ] and [ɾC] (in words such as "prato" and "carta") in Brazilian Portuguese, a context where svarabhakti vowels, short vocalic elements that replicate the quality of the syllable's nuclear vowel, are observed. To assess the role of different linguistic variables in the production...

Adults can extract phonological regularities from just several minutes' exposure to natural-istic input of an unknown spoken language (Gullberg et al., 2010). We examined whether such implicit statistical learning mechanisms also operate in the sign language modality. The input materials consisted of a continuous sign stream in the form of a weathe...

Arabic phonotactics significantly differ from English phonotactics in that they usually follow a framework that forbids the presence of consonant clusters in syllabic onsets. This study examines the relationship between Arabic-speaking EFL learners’ spelling accuracy and pronunciation, concentrating on the difficulties caused by consonant clusters...

In this tutorial paper, we discuss cognitive networks as powerful models for understanding human cognition and knowledge. Cognitive networks are representations of associative knowledge between concepts in a cognitive system apt at acquiring, storing, processing and producing language, i.e. the mental lexicon. In a cognitive network, nodes represen...

El objetivo de este trabajo es reflexionar sobre el uso de la transcripción (TRaC) en el entorno de la lingüística aplicada al aprendizaje de segundas lenguas, especialmente en el caso del ELE. Partiendo de un aspecto tan concreto se llegará a problemas de más calado como el tratamiento de la sustancia fónica en este entorno y los problemas teórico...

It has been widely accepted that phonological awareness (PA), rapid automatized naming (RAN), and verbal short-term memory (VSTM) deficits are three core facets of phonological deficits in developmental dyslexia (DD) of alphabetic orthographies. Yet, whether these three phonological facets also represent key phonological deficits of DD in Chinese,...

Diglossia is defined as the use of one official language in a formal context (e.g., school), including reading and writing, and an unofficial language in an informal context (e.g., home). Many Chinese children have experienced diglossia. However, the impact of diglossia on Chinese children’s literacy development remains unclear. To examine the impa...

This research explores the acquisition of morphological knowledge in the context of asynchronous online language learning, using extensive real-world data from the app Lingvist (www.lingvist.com). The learning task in this app involves reading a context sentence in the target language and completing the missing target vocabulary item using a comple...

This contribution presents an overview of what is currently known about phonetic and phonological first language (L1) attrition and drift in bilingual speech as well as a new theory of bilingual speech, Attrition & Drift in Access, Production, and Perception Theory (ADAPPT), which devotes special attention to L1 change. Attrition and drift are defi...

The Poor Comprehender (PC) reading profile is characterised by difficulty comprehending text despite age-appropriate decoding skills. Risk for this profile is typically identified through static screening instruments measuring pre-existing knowledge, which may produce biased estimates for culturally and linguistically diverse children. In contrast,...

Под артикуляционной фонологией (articulatory phonology) в современной теории речеобразования понимается научная область, исследующая алгоритмы и механизмы перехода от дискретной цепочки фонем (а также некоторой заданной просодической разметки порождаемого текста) к непрерывному артикуляционному потоку (и соответствующему акустическому сигналу) в да...

Hearing impairment alters the sound input received by the human auditory system, reducing speech comprehension in noisy multi-talker auditory scenes. Despite such difficulties, neural signals were shown to encode the attended speech envelope more reliably than the envelope of ignored sounds, reflecting the intention of listeners with hearing impair...

The study examines how native Pashto ESL learners place stress on identical lexemes within English sentences, focusing on pitch, duration, and intensity. The Objectives of this study is to analyze the acoustic properties of stressed syllables, to investigate the influence of Pashto on English stress production, and improve prosodic stress understan...

Regional language research is a means of supporting efforts to foster, develop and standardize national languages. In this regard, it is hoped that research on the Balinese language can make this contribution. From the information in various literature so far, especially in the field of morphophonology, there is not a complete picture. In this rega...

Bilingualism and the study of speech sounds are two of the largest areas of inquiry in linguistics. This Handbook sits at the intersection of these fields, providing a comprehensive overview of the most recent, cutting-edge work on the sound systems of adult and child bilinguals. Bringing together contributions from an international team of world-l...

Readers are able to begin processing upcoming words before directly fixating them, and in some cases skip words altogether (i.e., never fixated). However, the exact mechanisms and recognition thresholds underlying skipping decisions are not entirely clear. In the current study, we test whether skipping decisions reflect instances of more extensive...

This study addressed four research questions: (1) Does teaching using syllables or using phonemes lead to better progress in beginning reading and spelling? (2) Does the effectiveness of syllabic or phonemic instruction depend on children’s preferences for these units as predicted by Ziegler and Goswami’s (2005) “availability” hypothesis? (3) Do ch...

The language called Balti belongs to the Sino-Tibetan, specifically the Tibeto-Burman language family. It is understood with variations, across populations in India, China, Pakistan, Nepal, Tibet, Burma, and Bhutan, influenced by local cultures and producing various dialects. Considering the diverse cultural, socio-political, religious, and geograp...

Eye movements (EM) during naming alphabetic versus logographic stimuli in children with and without developmental dyslexia (DD) were examined for each stimulus separately to identify conspicuous characteristics that influence naming performance. 40 children (group DD = 18; control group C = 22) were taught Chinese characters. EM were recorded durin...

The current paper investigated the trend in modern Arabic colloquial dialect spoken by young Qunfudhah Arabic Dialect speakers to add the Arabic possessive enclitic /ək/ to the English loanwords when addressing a second person (e.g. [ʃɔːrt.ək] ‘your short’, [dʒækɪt.tək] ‘your jacket. Using a descriptive approach, a number of loanwords encliticized...

Particle verbs in Norwegian are often realized as one maximal prosodic word with main stress either on the verb or the particle, but sometimes the verb and the particle project their own maximal prosodic words. This article contains a prosodic analysis of particle verbs in the Nordic Dialect Corpus (Johannessen et al. 2009) from three dialect areas...

NGİLİS DİLİNDƏ ALINMA SÖZLƏRİN VURĞU DƏYİŞİKLİYİ Xülasə Dil dinamik və inkişaf edən bir sistemdir. Buna görə də digər dillərlə təmas yolu ilə daim dəyişikliklərə məruz qalır. Dünyada baş verən yeniliklər, ölkələr arasında əlaqələrin genişlənməsi, elm və texnologiyanın sürətli inkişafı nəticəsində hər hansı bir dil yeniliklərə məruz qalır və bunun n...

In this paper, we provide an account of the syntactic restrictions on noun phrase discontinuity in Iquito. In Iquito, noun phrases containing determiners that have undergone movement must have a discontinuous realization where the determiner strands the noun. With moved possessive noun phrases, we find apparent pied-piping of the possessum in addit...

The aim of this study is to analyze and investigate the phonological variation in the Waziri dialect in district Bannu. The data is collected through semi-structured interviews with 35 sample sizes and a mixed research design is selected for this study. After collecting the data, the data is processed under the descriptive and analytical theoretica...

We analyse j / w + r sequences in the history Early Modern English (EMoE), the predecessor of Standard (Reference) British English (SSBE) and its most current version, Current British English (CUBE) to arrive at the nature of historical pre-r (and also pre-l) breaking, a process (together with r-deletion and smoothing) responsible for the phonemic...

A large-scale corpus-based analysis of affix distribution in Polish locative adjectives provides evidence for (i) a selectional restriction formalized as a product-oriented schema, (ii) selectional restrictions formalized as source-oriented schemas, (iii) distinct native and foreign subgrammars, (iv) phonological arbitrariness of the patterns and (...

Early childhood is a critical period characterized by rapid development of motor and language skills. Reliably assessing motor and language development in early childhood is difficult, and there is a lack of agreement on measurement tool use. This scoping review aims to identify measurement tools used to examine motor and language skills in infants...

This study reviews methods for improving preschoolers' phonological awareness and English reading abilities from 2013 to 2023 using the PRISMA protocol. Analysing 22 articles, it identifies 11 strategies for reading development and 5 for phonological awareness. An interactive reading model is introduced, providing a unified framework to support ear...

Mid-vowel contrasts often present perceptual challenges for speakers of languages that lack these distinctions. However, bilingual speakers, who have access to two phonological systems and exhibit greater metalinguistic awareness, might not necessarily encounter such difficulties. In this study, 27 Ukrainian–Russian bilinguals listened to an unfami...

This article explores the impact of native language (L1) interference on English as a Second Language (ESL) learners, focusing on how learners' linguistic backgrounds influence their ability to acquire English language skills. By examining data collected from learners of varying L1 backgrounds, the study identifies common types of interference—such...

According to psycholinguistic theories, during language processing, spoken and written words are first encoded along independent phonological and orthographic dimensions, then enter into modality-independent syntactic and semantic codes. Non-invasive brain imaging has isolated several cortical regions putatively associated with those processing sta...

Learners of a second language (L2) often unconsciously substitute unfamiliar L2 phonemes with similar phonemes from their native language (L1), even though native speakers of the L2 perceive these sounds as distinct and non-interchangeable. This phonemic substitution leads to deviations from the standard phonological patterns of the L2, creating ch...

This study examines the acoustic properties of Qalqalah sounds in the Holy Quran. It aims to highlight the acoustic differences between Minor and Major Qalqalah sounds. Data was collected from three reciters of the Holy Quran. The acoustics of Qalqalah sounds and their corresponding short vowels were compared in terms of duration, intensity, F0, F1...

It is well-established that morphological awareness is related to reading comprehension. Morphological awareness is often assessed with a sentence completion task, in which children are asked to complete a sentence with a related word (e.g., “warm. He chose the jacket for its __”). As evident from this classic example, semantic relations could infl...

El presente estudio tiene como tema principal “Conciencia Lingüística: enfoque metodológico para el aprendizaje de la lectura en la educación básica elemental”. La conciencia lingüística es importante para el fomento de la lectura debido a que integra la fonología y la comprensión de texto en los estudiantes, logrando que el aprendizaje de la lectu...

In the process of learning a second language, correct pronunciation is an indispensable prerequisite for having strong listening and speaking skills. Primary school students in Kunming (represented by the urban area) often experience negative phonological transfer in the process of English phonological acquisition due to their habitual use of diale...

Rakstā īsumā atreferēta 59. Artura Ozola dienas starptautiska zinātniska konference, kas notika Rīgā 2024. gada 19. aprīlī. Tajā piedalījās valodnieki no Latvijas un Lietuvas. Referātos tika aplūkoti aktuālas valodniecības vēstures, leksikoloģijas, sociolingvistikas, terminoloģijas, gramatikas, areālās lingvistikas, fonētikas un fonoloģijas, kā arī...

Sign languages are made up of phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic levels of structure that satisfy the same social, cognitive and communicative purposes as other natural languages and represent the most used form of communication between hearing and deaf people. Sign Language Production together with Sign Language Recognition consti...

The phenomenon of language transfer has long been a core topic of investigation in the fields of applied linguistics, second language (L2) acquisition, and language teaching. Due to the vastness of China, there is a wide variety of dialects that are spoken throughout the country, each with distinctive traits that set them apart from standard Chines...

Gambus and song lyrics complement each other, creating harmony while representing the history and cultural identity of their communities. This study aims to explore identity through diction choices, phonological processes, and musical notes in Gambus. These elements are assumed to reflect social relations and cultural identity. The sociolinguistic...

Dyslexia is a neurobiological disorder characterised by reading difficulties, yet its underlying causes remain unclear. Neuroimaging and behavioural studies found anomalous responses in tasks requiring phonological processing, motion perception, and implicit learning, and showed gray and white matter abnormalities in several brain regions of dyslex...

A substantial body of research, including narrative and meta-analytic reviews, has established concurrent and longitudinal relationships between sensitivity to speech prosody and reading ability. This study synthesised research findings pertaining to a possible impairment of prosodic skills in dyslexia. Three-level meta-analysis was utilised to syn...

The Arabic language has a variety of dialects and speech communities within different and same regions. This paper aims to investigate the different allophonic variations of consonants in the major Arabic dialects of Bahrain, the Bahraini Arabic dialect compared to the Bahrani Arabic dialect. This paper examines three questions aiming to highlight...

Building on the theory of Substance-free Logical Phonology, which adopts the competence-performance dichotomy, strict internalism and modularity, we argue that phonology (phonological competence) and phonetics (the sensorimotor system in charge of speech production and perception) are distinct and non-overlapping domains in the complex process of t...

Background/Objectives: The Implicit Prosody Hypothesis (IPH) posits that individuals generate internal prosodic representations during silent reading, mirroring those produced in spoken language. While converging behavioral evidence supports the IPH, the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms remain largely unknown. Therefore, this study investigated...

The English acquisition of Cantonese-English bilingual children has emerged as a prominent research focus within the field of bilingual studies. This study aims to explore the characteristics of Cantonese ESL (English as a Second Language) children by examining Cantonese-English bilingual children as subjects. Specifically, three main research ques...

The purpose of this paper is to survey the phonological evolution of the initial sequence Vs/šC- in Persian as reflected, for instance, in Middle Persian iškamb > New Persian šekam ‘belly’, and to explore philological issues associated with this evolution.

Similar patterns of vowel change in loanword adaptation have been documented for several Iranian languages and language varieties including Mazandarani. However, no convincing accounts of the nature of these processes in Mazandarani have been presented in the literature. We argue that for this language, these vowel alternations are best explained a...