Periodontal Diseases - Science topic

Curcumin, a natural polyphenol found in turmeric, is widely recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, its therapeutic potential is often restricted by its low water solubility and limited bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, we synthesized a biodegradable hydrogel composed of chitosan and xanthan gum to funct...

Background: Electronic cigarettes are rising in popularity not only amongst those who smoke cigarettes but also amongst the youth. Although thought to be less harmful than regular cigarettes, electronic cigarettes are now the subject of considerable debate. This study aimed to assess oral hygiene status, gingival health condition and salivary alkal...

Dental calculus, a main contributor of periodontal diseases, is mostly composed of inorganic calcium phosphate species such as dicalcium phosphate, whitlockite, octa calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite. Under physiological pH 7.4, dicalcium phosphates can gradually interact with calcium carbonate to form hydroxyapatite. Therefore, we hypothesized...

Background Previous studies have shown associations between periodontal disease and age-related cognitive impairment. However, little is known about the different cognitive functions that may be affected in patients with periodontal disease. Methods We reviewed the recent literature to better understand the bidirectional relationship between cogni...

Background/Objectives: The efficacy and safety of laser therapy in periodontal treatment are comprehensively reviewed in this study, focusing on efficacy, safety, patient experiences, and cost-effectiveness. Methods: This review encompasses a literature survey, analyzing studies from 2010 to 2024, and a search was conducted in January 2024 across v...

Green tea (Camellia sinensis) exhibits significant potential in oral health due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. This review explores its role in managing periodontal disease, a common condition characterized by inflammation, microbial imbalances, and tissue destruction. The primary bioactive components, particul...

Background: Healthcare workers other than oral healthcare workers are likely to be patients' first contact. This study examines the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of GB among these healthcare workers, as it significantly impacts the information passed on to patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study included freely consented six-hundred-a...

Introduction: Knowledge of oral health is a fundamental prerequisite for healthy behaviour, which allows an individual to take measures to protect their own health. A healthy mouth enables not only nutrition of the physical body, but also enhances social interaction and promotes self-esteemed feelings of well-being. Oral hygiene behaviour and seeki...

Periodontal diseases (PD) adversely impact periodontium caused by infectious bacteria. Recently, Chlorella species have been recognized for their preventive potential against various diseases. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate pharmacological activity of Chlorella vulgaris peptides (CVP, molecular weights of <1 kDa, 1–3 kDa, 3–10 kDa, 10–30 kDa and...

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in the innate immune response, mediating cellular interactions with the microenvironment and influencing periodontal disease progression. This in vitro study aimed to comprehensively characterize the TLR expression profile of periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (PDLSCs) and investiga...

Determinants of Chronic Periodontitis among Diabetes Mellitus patients, attending Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja. Lagos. ABSTRACT: Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with chronic periodontal disease among diabetic patients. Methods: A cross sectional study, subjects were diabetes mellitus patients attendi...

Background: This study aims to assess the efficacy and clinical implications of photothermal therapy (PTT) in the management of periodontal disease by evaluating its impact on bacterial load reduction, tissue regeneration, and overall treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods: A literature review spanning recent advancements in PTT for periodontal...

Background: This cross-sectional analytical study evaluates oral hygiene and periodontal status in patients with hypertension, given the established link between cardiovascular diseases and poor periodontal health. Methods: A total of 24 hypertensive patients (15 male; 9 female) and 30 healthy controls (19 male; 11 female) from Craiova, Romania, we...

Introduction: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous, multifactorial developmental disorder that begins early in life and evolves throughout the lives of affected individuals. The main characteristics of ASD are deficits in communication and social interaction, restrictive interests, and repetitive, sensory, and motor behaviors that gene...

Background: Bacteria involved in periodontitis is thought to have an effect on patients developing Dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, through the inflammation caused during periodontal disease which induces the production of inflammatory mediators that is likely to spread systemically causing dementia in all different age groups. This revi...

Objectives Barriers limiting access to oral health significantly impact dental service utilization among socially marginalized youth, often resulting in unmet needs and poor oral health outcomes. Identifying and understanding these barriers is critical to inform the development of strategies to enhance oral healthcare access for this vulnerable pop...

There is currently little information on the immune profile of adult type 1 diabetes patients diagnosed with periodontal disease. The aim of this systematic review is to bring together the known evidence of which inflammatory markers, measured in salivary flow or gingival crevicular fluid and serum blood, are present in both pathologies. Following...

Objectives The present study aimed to compare dental, endodontic, and periodontal status in patients with Hashimoto's disease and healthy patients, as well as to disclose the relation between dental variables and Hashimoto's disease. Materials and Methods The research included 85 patients affected by Hashimoto's thyroiditis (analyzed group) and 85...

Introdução: A periodontite é uma doença periodontal, de origem bacteriana, que mais frequentemente afetam e podem destruir o periodonto. A menopausa ocorre apenas nas mulheres e é definida como amenorreia que dura mais de 12 meses consecutivos, acompanhada de uma falta de estrogênios que pode conduzir à osteoporose. A osteoporose é definida como um...

Aims To externally validate the potential applicability of the 2018 classification of periodontal diseases as a risk assessment tool, through the use of a nomogram built on a multivariate predictor model. Materials and Methods Data from 459 patients with periodontitis, across four cohorts (three in the United States, and one in the United Kingdom)...

Objectives: To investigate Nigerians' awareness of the link between smoking and periodontal disease, and to compare our study findings with those of a similar UK study. Design: The subjects, consisting of 992 adults, completed anonymous questionnaires. These subjects included patients and their escorts attending dental clinics located in four teach...

Estudos apontam que a perda dentária ainda é um dos principais problemas de saúde bucal enfrentado pela população brasileira, principalmente entre os idosos. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento de dados através da análise de prontuários e radiografias da quantidade de perdas dentárias em pacientes maiores de 50 anos atend...

The literature has identified several common acute and chronic complications associated with periodontal health during pregnancy, such as gingivitis, recession, periodontitis, and changes in systemic health, such as gestational diabetes, which may act as additional risk factors for chronic periodontal disease. Are the general public and health care...

The field of periodontology is focused on the study and comprehensive understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms, additional risk factors and clinical features of periodontal diseases in order to provide reliable tools for accurate diagnosis and predictive treatment planning. The oral cavity is a key element of the digestive tract and any condition...

Objectives This study was conducted to determine the periodontal health status and the level of creatine kinase (CK) of the study and control groups and to correlate the level of this enzyme with clinical periodontal parameters in the study and control groups. Materials and Methods This study included 80 male participants aged 35 to 55 years, divid...

Periodontal disease is very common disease of dogs and cats where interplay between dysbiotic microbial communities organized in dental plaque and aberrant immune responses play the most important roles. To prevent periodontal disease development and/or progression, dental plaque must be disrupted as often as possible. This is primarily achieved by...

Over the years there has been extensive development of the mechanical cutting devices used in dentistry. However, while considerable progress has been made in this area of mechanical cutting, dental patients are still afraid of the noise and vibrations produced by the mechanical action of the air th turbines or ultrasonic scalers. From the end of t...

Oral cavity dysbiosis is associated with numerous inflammatory diseases, including diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, and periodontal disease. Changes in the oral microenvironment lead to bidirectional interactions between pathogens and individual host systems, which may induce systemic inflammation. There is increasing evidence linking the con...

Background/Objectives: Initiation and progression of periodontal disease include oxidative stress. Systemic application of antioxidants may provide clinical benefits against periodontal disease including gingivitis. Recently, a jelly containing a high concentration of hydrogen (40 ppm) was developed. We hypothesized that oral intake of this hydroge...

Human oral microbiome consists of diverse bacteria. Not all oral bacteria are well characterized due to challenges in cultivation in vitro. In this study, we report the closed genome sequence of one of the recently identified oral bacteria, Fretibacterium fastidiosum.

The human oral cavity harbors a complex and dynamic ecosystem known as the oral microbiome, comprising a diverse array of microorganisms that play crucial roles in maintaining oral health. This intricate microbial community interacts with the host's immune system and influences susceptibility to various acute infections, including viral, bacterial,...

Introduction Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory illness affecting teeth, leading to tooth loss and recession. It is a major public health concern, affecting diabetes, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and pregnancy. Medical professionals should prioritise treating periodontitis to improve systemic illnesses, as it significant...

Tooth extraction, while essential for oral health, can contribute to systemic complications, particularly increasing cardiovascular risk due to bacterial translocation and inflammation. Periodontal disease, a major cause of tooth loss, exacerbates this risk by serving as a reservoir for pathogenic bacteria that enter the bloodstream during extracti...

Background: Periodontitis is prevalent among large population, which may induce in bone destruction, attachment loss and finally tooth loss. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) is one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which are endocrine disruptors may destroy the integrity of tissue through possible mechanisms. Recent research has suggested...

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for the development of periodontal disease and aggravates the severity of periodontal conditions. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are known to degrade periodontal ligament attachment and bone matrix proteins. Increased expression of CD147 is associated with increased synthesis of several MM...

Diabetes mellitus is a much-studied disorder, characterized by hyperglycemia and numerous oral and medical complications. The latter includes (above all) decreased life-span — and these are widely discussed in the dental and medical literature. The oral complications include impaired wound healing; increased severity of periodontal disease and peri...

Pterodon pubescens Benth is a Brazilian medicinal plant (sucupira, in Brazilian portuguese). This paper aims to determine the volatile composition and antibacterial activities of hexane extract from P. pubescens seeds (HE-PP). Antibacterial activities were screened by the microdilution broth method in 96-well culture plates and MIC values were expr...

Objetivo: Este artigo tem como objetivo revisar a relação entre a Doença de Alzheimer (DA) e as doenças bucais, com ênfase nas doenças periodontais e endodônticas. A pesquisa aborda as evidências epidemiológicas, os mecanismos biológicos propostos e as implicações clínicas dessa conexão. Metodologia: A revisão foi realizada com base em estudos epid...

Diabetes mellitus induces chronic hyperglycemia and systemic inflammation, leading to periodontal deterioration characterized by gingival inflammation, bone loss, and deep periodontal pockets. This review explores the pathophysiological mechanisms linking diabetes and periodontal disease, focusing on inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6)...

Background Several commercial programs incorporate artificial intelligence in diagnosis, but very few dental professionals have been surveyed regarding its acceptability and usability. Furthermore, few have explored how these advances might be incorporated into routine practice. Methods Our team developed and implemented a deep learning (DL) model...

Schizophrenia is a complex mental condition characterized by the deterioration of thought processes and inappropriate emotional responses. Compared to the general population, individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia have an increased risk of developing various dental diseases, including dental caries, periodontal disease, oral mucosal diseases, and...

Periodontal diseases encompass a range of inflammatory conditions affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, including the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone. Over the years, the classification of periodontal diseases has evolved, reflecting advancements in research and understanding of their pathogenesis. The World W...

Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome has been implicated in the onset and progression of periodontal diseases. An altered oral microbiome can significantly affect the concentration and composition ratio of bacterial-derived metabolites, thereby contributing to disease development. However, there is limited research on the role of metabolites derived fr...

Background: One of the pathological conditions that occurs in the mouth and affects periodontaltissue or tooth supports is periodontitis. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has the potentialto trigger periodontal disease if allowed to persist, proliferate and express virulence factors. Thepharmacological activity of Syzygium myrtifolium based on...

Background: Toothbrushes are essential for eliminating dental biofilm and preventing caries and periodontal disease. Regular disinfecting is necessary to maintain a clean toothbrush. Chlorhexidine is the gold standard, but it may be resistant to periodontal pathogens. Hydrogen-rich water, due to its antioxidant properties, may be beneficial agains...

Introduction Alteration of the oral microbiome could potentially play a role in the etiology of certain patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), similar to the established link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and ASD. Most studies have assessed oral microbiota in children only and few have explored the oral flora composition in adults with AS...

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan mengevaluasi model klasifikasi berbasis deep learning untuk mendeteksi penyakit periodontal dan non-periodontal dari citra rontgen panoramik gigi. Dataset yang digunakan terdiri dari citra panoramik yang diolah melalui proses augmentasi data untuk meningkatkan keragaman, kemudian dibagi menjadi subse...

Background/Objective: Periodontal disease is a prevalent inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, with radiographic bone loss (RBL) being a critical diagnostic marker. The accurate and consistent evaluation of RBL is essential for the staging and grading of periodontitis, as outlined by the 2017 AAP/EFP Classification. A...

The surgical procedures in the treatment of periodontitis generally aim to reduce pocket depth, improve teeth maintenance, and enhance long-term stability. Several approaches have been proposed over the years including different techniques, drugs, and medical devices, with the main purpose to minimalize the surgical procedure and improve both the o...

Phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, are bioactive compounds produced by plants, including citrus fruits, that exhibit antioxidant effects on mammalian cells and tissues. Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are a family of flavonoids found in the pulp and peel of citrus fruits, and have been reported to have potent antioxidant activity implicated in the prev...

Chronic periodontal disease (periodontal disease, PD) is considered the sixth most prevalent disease affecting human health, with approximately 740 million people impacted globally. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have focused on the relationship between PD and cardiovascular diseases. Clinically, prior to the clear formation of atheros...

The global adoption of dental implants has significantly reshaped modern dental practices, with the market projected to reach USD 16 billion by 2029. However, despite high success rates, dental implants can still be prone to complications, particularly when underlying causes of tooth loss, such as periodontal disease and bone loss, are not addresse...

Uma lesão endo-periodontal pode ser definida como uma patologia que danifica tanto o tecido periodontal quanto o endodôntico de um mesmo elemento dentário. Com isso, a partir de uma ampla compreensão dos fatores etiológicos dessas lesões, bem como do conhecimento das vias de comunicação entre ambos os tecidos, periodontal e endodôntico,o profission...

Periodontal disease, a prevalent oral inflammatory condition, is implicated in exacerbating systemic diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing of gingival tissue samples collected from a mouse model of periodontal disease at multiple time points to investigate...

Objectives Biofilm accumulation is considered the primary cause of peri-implant inflammation. Still, metallosis caused by an increased concentration of titanium ions at the site of peri-implantitis site cannot be ignored. Whether titanium ions alone or in concert with bacterial biofilm trigger inflammation and bone destruction in peri-implant tissu...

Introduction Periodontal diseases are the most frequently diagnosed problem in small animal veterinary medicine. Although their exact cause is not fully understood, bacteria play an important role in their development. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium. The living environment of this bacterium may be...

Periodontal diseases are prevalent among the general population and are associated with several systemic conditions, such as chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis have also been linked with periodontal disease, an association with complex underlying mechanisms, and with potential prognostic implica...

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of overweight (BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m²)) on the oral health status in patients with adult hypophosphatasia (HPP). Materials and methods Throughout a retrospective assessment both oral health status and bone metabolism including dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for bone mineral density (BMD) measure...

Background Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease, and contributes to several inflammatory conditions, such as cancer. The relationship between periodontal disorders and different human malignancies is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to assess the association of periodontitis severity with cancers in the oral cavity, oropharynge...

Periodontitis is a significant global public health issue associated with the onset and progression of various systemic diseases, thereby requiring additional research and clinical attention. Although ferroptosis and cuproptosis have emerged as significant areas of research in the medical field, their precise roles in the pathogenesis of periodonti...

Background Periodontitis and bone loss in the maxillofacial and dental areas pose considerable challenges for both functional and aesthetic outcomes. To date, implantable dental barrier membranes, designed to prevent epithelial migration into defects and create a favorable environment for targeted cells, have garnered significant interest from rese...

We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the global burden of periodontal disease among young adults over the period from 1990 to 2019. The analysis considered various factors such as age, sex, country, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI). This study utilized GBD 2019 database to examine the trends in both incidence and disability-adjusted lif...

Background: Oral health is crucial to overall well-being but is significantly neglected among incarcerated women, who face higher rates of dental caries, periodontal disease, and edentulism due to systemic barriers, behavioral risks, and socio-demographic vulnerabilities. Objective: This review evaluates the oral health status of incarcerated women...

Background: Saliva is one of the determinants of oral conditions and is easily available to diagnose and control periodontal disease. Smoking is also one of the causes of periodontitis. Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease associated with the accumulation of dental plaque (biofilm) and characterized by progressive damage t...

The relationship between oral microbiome composition and brain health in the general population remains poorly understood. In this study, we inferred a microbiome similarity network based on 16S rRNA sequencing data of crevicular fluid collected from 1,026 participants in the Hamburg City Health Study, which revealed a continuous disease gradient m...

Background Thyroid dysfunction causes various oral manifestations, while periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of thyroid dysfunction on periodontal disease indices, synthesizing evidence to clarify the relationship...

Introdução: A doença periodontal é uma infecção inflamatória que afeta os tecidos de suporte dos dentes, incluindo gengivas, ligamentos periodontais e osso alveolar. É uma das principais causas de perda dentária em adultos e está associada a diversas condições sistêmicas, como diabetes e doenças cardiovasculares. O diagnóstico precoce e preciso é f...

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative anaerobe implicated as a primary etiological agent in chronic periodontitis, characterized by progressive inflammation and degradation of periodontal structures. The bacterium's pathogenicity is closely associated with its expression of distinct fimbrial subunits encoded by the fimA gene, which serves as...

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, ranking as the seventh leading cause of death in both sexes. There is increasing awareness of the role of chronic periodontal disease and severe tooth loss as a modifiable risk factor for developing AD. The aim of the present observational study was to assess AD patients w...

The postmenopausal population usually suffers from more severe periodontal disease than non-menopausal women due to the decrease and low levels of estrogen, especially β-estradiol (E2). While additional estrogen therapy can effectively relieve alveolar bone resorption, this suggests that estrogen has played an important role in the development of p...

Background Due to a lack of manual dexterity, impaired cognitive and general development, and awareness of caregivers, special children are not able to maintain good oral health. This leads to the development of dental plaque, gingival inflammation, and further periodontal diseases. It is, thus, necessary for dentists and caregivers to understand w...

The copy number (CN) variant AMY1 encodes the salivary amylase enzyme which promotes starch digestion. Although this gene has been associated with dental caries and periodontal disease susceptibility, the impact of the interaction between AMY1 CN and starch on oral biofilms is unclear. We explored how oral microbiota communities shaped by AMY1 CN r...

The oral microbiome plays a crucial role in maintaining health, with Streptococcus salivarius recognized for its beneficial probiotic functions, including inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and supporting immune regulation, particularly in healthy individuals. While research on S. salivarius has primarily focused on strains originating from non-Asian p...

Background/Objectives: Dental caries and periodontal diseases are the most common illnesses in the oral cavity and represent a public health concern globally. In recent decades, diverse studies showed that Kefir, a traditional beverage that can be milk- or water-based, contains a complex microbial community and has health benefits. The goal of this...

Wartime greatly elevate the frequency, intensity, and severity of oral health issues among military personnel. This research outlines the complex effects of combat on oral health. It was revealed a high prevalence of periodontal problems and varying levels of dental caries in those affected. The conditions of war significantly impact the rise and s...

Dental caries and periodontal diseases are oral infections caused by biofilm formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of novel ascorbic acid derivatives on oral biofilm formation by initial attachment bacteria. To reveal the effects of the novel ascorbic acid derivatives amino ascorbyl glucoside（aminoASG）, sodium ascorbyl...

The bidirectional association between oral diseases caused by plaque and the inflammatory bowel disease remains unclear. Here, we comprehensively searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to August 2024 to identify relevant studies. The relative risk (RR) from periodontal disease studies and the decayed, missi...

Periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of teeth, is driven by an imbalanced interaction between the periodontal microbiota and the host inflammatory response. Beyond its local...

Purpose of Review This study aims to review the current applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in periodontology, focusing on the studies related with diagnostic accuracy, disease classification, risk assessment, and treatment prediction. It seeks to identify strengths, limitations, and future directions for AI based-studies to improve period...

Dental health is an integral part of health in general. Maintaining dental health is important. Teeth that are not cared for or maintained in health and hygiene can damage teeth such as caries, periodontal disease, and fractures when traumatized. Therefore, if the tooth is left in such a state, it can potentially lose the tooth. Dentures are prosth...

The development of the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 (OHIP-49) and its shorter version, OHIP-14, has been criticized for not adequately considering the influence of systemic health on Periodontal health. The lack of a Periodontal status domain in OHIP scales has led to the proposal of the development of a new profile, Oral and Systemic Health Impac...

Objective Stunting is a condition of impaired growth in children resulting from chronic malnutrition, characterized by shorter stature compared to peers of the same age. This condition leads to salivary gland dysfunction, which triggers oral dysbiosis and increases the risk of periodontal disease in children. Scaling and root planing (SRP) is the g...

As many as 48.0% of the global population suffers from disabilities caused by oral conditions. These conditions encompass dental caries, periodontal diseases, oral cancers, and other pathologies affecting the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial regions. Topical drug treatments in the oral cavity are often ineffective due to the shor...

Periodontal disease is a common oral health issue marked by inflammation and the breakdown of tissues. Early detection of biomarkers associated with periodontal disease (PD) can significantly aid in timely diagnosis and intervention. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an enzyme abundantly present in neutrophils and has been associated in the pathogenesis of...