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Hello,
I am looking for a theoretical scholarly full definition for the concept of "theatrics". Any books? any names? any articles?
Thank you so much in advance.
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Dear Zied Ben Amor,
I am sending the definition of the term/concept "theatrics":
  • Как и любой вид искусства, театр имеет свой собственный выразительный язык, свой собственный способ познания окружающего мира, свое собственное образное мышление. Спектакль – это и особое действие, и особое образное мышление. Процесс работы над спектаклем состоит в перенесении драматургического текста на сцену. В результате литературное слово становится, словом сценическим. Сценическое пространство указывает место действия, историческое время, национальный колорит. С помощью пространственных построений можно указать даже настроение персонажей. Для того, что бы все компоненты сценического пространства «заговорили» необходим художник-декоратор.
  • 7. Вместе с научной мыслью человечества развивалась и театральная техника. От простейших «адских машин» - подъемных механизмов и свечей до современных механизмов, лазерных установок и компьютерных технологий. Еще в античности сформировались два типа сцены – сцена-коробка и сцена-амфитеатр. Сейчас в мире используются оба типа. Современная техника позволяет изменять театральное пространство – устраивать помост посреди зрительного зала, сажать зрителя на сцену, а спектакль разыгрывать в зале и т.д. Усилить эмоциональное воздействие на зрителя помогает музыка.
  • Best regards,
  • Nikola
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I have a paper on the impact of two plays on the audience. I would like to read papers or researches of a similar subject.
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it's good for you.
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Recently I came across an article by Michael La Rocco discussing the creativity manual produced by Oculus for emerging VR developers. He observes that in a 'wild west' environment of emerging digital immersion development, dominant companies such as Oculus are both defining the technology and the frameworks for creating within them. They are aligning 'industry best practice' and the best practice for their platform, creating an inter-dependent authority and industry standard. Doing this thereby establishes a standardised industry practice that works in harmony with their business development and market share.
Part of this correlation is framed by the opening definition of VR as sensorily immersive such as to be 'invisible' to the user. There are many good reasons for this in terms of cognition, spatial awareness, neural pathways and so on which may result in a 'collision' of realities, leading to injury or nausea. However, these valid reasons are also being aligned with the business objectives of Oculus. Rejected concepts are advised to amend their application to be more in line with Oculus objectives and "to limit developer outcomes such that they adapt and innovate specifically in ways that adhere to the standards set" (La Rocco, 2020). The 'bait' of distribution by such a dominant industry leader creates a powere relationship with developers that ultimately standardises new media creativity.
But the commercial and retail market for VR has been slow to take, possibly becasue of a lack of standardised access or uses. But I suggest the relationship between user and interface has been so democratised in this technology revolution, that there has been a cosnumer rejection of platforms that do not accommodate this. It may be that users and participants intuitively recognise a system that restricts agency and determines reality. And it feels like now is a good time to observe, understand and engage with this unique moment.
Challenge Accepted
So I will start with a question; why is the goal total invisible immersion?
It would appear that in these colonial times of VR development that the industry is developing from an assumed background borrowed from ancient times. The fourth wall is a concept unique to the stage, the social agreement between audience and actor that the performance is being observed voyeuristically. This imagined spacial relationship creates vectors of power and authority to speak or contribute within standardised ways. The fourth wall, beginning with the stage, also formed the foundation of both he early film industry and television production methods. It would appear that elements of this are being an unquestioned assumption of the experiences currently being developed in VR.
Obviously, the experience in VR is designed to give the participant agency, to interact and engage with their environment. However, should this extend completely to an 'invisible' experience as established by the first principle of Oculus? Should it be, as Bolter and Grusin (1999) suggest, "a medium whose purpose is to disappear"?
New media has conceived of dynamic and democratised platforms for users experience, especially in concert with web 2.0 connectivity. One feature of this is the remediatisation and re-purposing of platforms, technology and languages to suit users experience and define new ones. Interactions are a dynamic mix of temporal and physical dislocation and connectivity. Users are both audience and performer with expectations they can contribute or observe as they choose. It may be that standardised best practice for development suits only the purpose of Oculus without consideration of the contemporary user-generated responses.
And so, let me challenge this already embedded assumption that the experience should disappear. Certainly, an attractive feature of VR is the invisible immersion, but is that all that a digital native or web 2.0 citizen wants? Because it would appear that by defining and narrowing the scope of creative function of VR technology is to bind, restrict and process the experience. And we return to a notion of the 'fourth wall', whereby the audience observes the actions performed in front of them, engaging with 'actors' and actions as determined by unseen directors of action and agency.
And so I argue for a pause and contemplation in this unmapped territory of immersion technology and new media. We know that inevitably, humans will re-purpose technology to suit needs based on necessity or subversiveness or business and any number of reasons. Including the ethnographic perspective and culture of use, especially creative interpretation, as part of the architecture of VR development could unlock the potential of these new technologies.
#digitalmedia #industrystandards #mediapractice #newmedia #productionstudies #newgenre #webtheatre #VR
Bolter, JD, Grusin, R (1999) Remediation: Understanding New Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
LaRocco, M. (2020). Developing the ‘best practices’ of virtual reality design: industry standards at the frontier of emerging media. Journal of Visual Culture, 19(1), 96–111. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470412920906255
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Singular definitions of VR are to be suspect and most very widely from the technologically focused to the experientially focused. Jaron Lanier himself posits no less than 51 (sometime, idiosyncratic) definitions in his book, "Dawn of the New Everything" (2017)! Whereas my read of "invisible" VR yielding "total immersion" is that of removing the possible sensory dissonance of actual "reality" interfering with the "virtual" experience so that the individual(s) participating accept the virtual reality as the operative reality—thus the popularity of HMDs and ambisonic audio over "Cave" VR experiences and cardboard visors & smart phones. However, I contend that the user is initially fully aware of the technology that connects them to the built experience—VR is both interface hardware & experiential software and, as such, the user does not wish it to be rendered invisible (like on the Star Trek holodeck), they merely wish to be able to "suspend their disbelief" long enough to accept the artificial world they find themselves in as "real-enough" to provide what they need to be engaged.
Issues of actor & agency (immersion & engagement) within the VR environment and the role of psychological "Schemas"—or, cognitive frameworks—concepts that help us organize and interpret information, must be linked with the psychology of engagement (or "flow," see Csikszentmihalyi, 1997). Schemas must be familiar to us because they allow us to take shortcuts in interpreting the vast amounts of information that is available in a VR environment. Too familiar and predictable, however, and we become bored (disengage). Attempting to be too realistic, we fail to cross the "uncanny valley" and the VR experience becomes "creepy" (& again, we disengage). Schemas are both a category of knowledge and the process by which we acquiring that knowledge (see Jean Piaget's work on cognitive development). Thus, they must be familiar enough that we feel we know what to expect but are not certain about what's coming forcing us to focus our attention on the "now" which enables us to be in the "flow" or "zone" where time & technology become relative to our singular focus in the built environment. To be truly immersive, the schema must be comfortable (we know the rules), but not too predictable or we drop out of the "flow" of the story environment and disconnect... we become aware that we are in an artificial environment. Gamers know this all too well...
So, to conclude my ramblings, "invisible" VR is a matter of recognizable storytelling schemas, the level of immersion and engagement (as an actor with agency), and being able to enter the "flow" of the artificial experience so we cognitively disassociate from our awareness of the contraptions that connect us to the VR world... Get this right, and VR is invisible. Get it wrong, and we disengage, hyperaware of the artificiality of the experience.
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Apart from event studies there are also Accounting studies, which examine the reported financial results (i.e., accounting statements) of acquirers before, and after, acquisitions to see how financial performance
changed. The focus of these studies ranges across net income, return on equity or assets, EPS, leverage, and liquidity of the firm. The best studies are structured as matched-sample comparisons, matching acquirers with non-acquirers based on industry and size of firm. In these studies, the question is whether the acquirers outperformed their nonacquirer peers. (Bruner, 2001)
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There is a collection of free empirical papers on M&A below. Browse the thematical collections of free papers on corporate governance at our web-site https://www.virtusinterpress.org/A-set-of-updated-thematic-paper-collections-from-Virtus-Interpress.html to find more than 30 collections of more than 1200 free papers.
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Hello everybody,
My laboratory is working on discovery of new phosphorylation sites in certain partners of a mitotic kinase. To study the relevance of this phosphorylations in the polypeptide chain, we will truncate these positions and study in vitro the potential consequences. Does somebody know at least two possible experiments I could perform to study the functional outcomes of the mutation?
Thank you very much in advance!
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uwe is right, a precise mutagenesis of the phospho site is better than a truncation...ideally nowadays, i would insert mutated (S to A or D or E mutant) gene in a landing pad such aavs1 (dalvai ..doyon lab, cell reports paper) in a crisp KO cell line (if the KO is not lethal) . this way you will probe the functional significance of the phospho site...in a null background..., you can also perfom this by KO transiently you FP with si RNA in the 3UTR and rescue your phenotype, assay .....in other word many things can be done....
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hi everyone
lately a submited my paper to a scientific journal, the editor send me back manuscript and he requeste me this:
** Your submission should be accompanied by a document containing the approved protocol of an accredited Ethics Committee for your research. Details such as the protocol number and the committee must be made clear in the text as it is a crucial requirement for performing the studies.**
is this item frequently requested in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) paper?
how can I provide this type of documents ?
thanks in advance
djalal sekhane
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Hi,
It is not very common in CFD studies that ethics committee approval is requested. It depends on the application though, if you have used CFD in biomedical area or if you have used test animals in your research, this document is almost always necessary. I see that you work at a university, so you should consult the administration for that. If your university has a school of medicine, it is more likely that an accredited ethics committee exists. Otherwise try to find another university nearby that can provide the document.
I hope this helps.
Best.
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I would like to know which assays can be performed to study the stability of antibodies.
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Hi Rita -
The stability of antibodies is an essential part of any antibody development program. One essential method is size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC), which allows you to monitor aggregation.
There are many different conditions on how to run SEC, but my favorite by far is the SMAC method mentioned by the team at Merrimack using our Zenix column.
The article unfortunately isn't published on research gate, but if you can get your hands on a copy, it really is a great read!
If you're in need of a starting place for running conditions, this link might be useful as well: https://www.sepax-tech.com/samples_app.php?sample=Antibody
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I want to do bracketing for my hold time studies for sterile pharmaceuticals production. I need to know how does concentration of solution influences the probability of microbial growth during bulk hold time during production, so that I dont have to perform the study on the every product i.e covered by worst case product.
For example, among sodium chloride 0.9% w/v, 3% w/v and 20% w/v solution; which one is the easiest to be contaminated with microbial growth?
What about dextrose 5% w/v, 10% w/v, and 50% w/v?
Thank you.
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Thank you for your answer.
This is actually hold time study for bulk solution i.e. during production in the mixing tank, instead of stability studies of the finished product in final primary packaging. Therefore I'm only considering the product factor. I believe some products will be at higher microbial contamination risk than others, but I'm not sure whether strength will have an effect or not.
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As for the available literature UV spectroscopic method validation does not include robustness and ruggedness study. Is it really essential to perform these studies for simple UV methods or the method is valid even though not validated for robustness or ruggedness?
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No, Robustness and Ruggedness studies were not require for UV Spectroscopic method.
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I am preparing a review about this topic.
I am interest in studying how this subjects were diagnosed for the first time, and how were re-tested 5 to 10 years after.
My aim is in gathering results of any test these individuals were subjected to and how they scored precisely in each, obtaining western blot bands, etc.
To my knowledge, there are no publications approaching this topic.
Please do not hesitate in contacting me to bring me some references or to participate in a joint investigation.
Best regards,
Mario
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You are very welcome. Good luck with your study.
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Hi fellow researchers,
I am trying to purify a protein of 50KDa for structure function analysis and folding unfolding kinetics using chemical denaturant. I have purified my protein from Inclusion bodies and found purity level as shown in SDS-PAGE attached below after purification and refolding.
Is these fractions are good enough to go for circular dichroism and fluoroscence spectroscopy based studies? What is the purification level needed to perform such studies on a protein?
Fraction-1 is unfolded purified fraction and all others are purified folded fractions.
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Hi....
I think your protein fractions are pure enough for performing CD and fluorescence spectroscopy as max 95% purity is required for this experiment. For other information regarding sample preparation and other requirements you can go through this article.
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Hi all, 
I would like to know the currently needed advancements in this science and is there any chance of developments in this field? How big is the market? and is it worth investing in making a fully automated Tribo Machines?  So that the researcher can load multiple testing specimens to the machine, and then the machine will take the specimens, install them in its holders and perform the study with showing all the needed data by pressing just a single button on the screen.
Please show me your contribution, and Thanks in advance :). 
P/S: I have created a prototype design for automated POD machine, that reduced a total net time to conduct a tribological experiment roughly by 60%.
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Dear Tarek,
Tribology studies the wear and tear of things. Tribology is used mainly in the field of mechanics (wear parts, lubricants, energies and their dependencies to the chemical elements of refining, disturbances of electromechanical installations and there stability...)
Also i Suggest you to see links, attached file and publications in subject.
-Tribology is a Behavioral Science - Machinery Lubrication Magazine
-Modern Applications of Tribology
-How The Science Of Tribology Could Smooth The Way To A Better ...
Best regards
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Suppose i want to check smoking habit among physicians of certain country. There are 20 thousand (N) physician. We cannot include all.
One way is i can take representative sample from 20 thousand. here formula for sample size calculation follows binomial distribution.I dont have time, fund or feasibility to take on such extensive study.
There is alternate option. i can take 10 hospitals where 1000 physician works. I decide to take these 1000 as sample frame. Here population is fixed and finite and follows hypergeometric distribution (therefore hypergeometric population). In this situation separate formula exists for sample size calculation. This method of study using  finite population is applicable in  situations such as 1) small town population 2) office employee or 3) part of a large professional group such as physician (like the scenario i described here).
My question is if i select samples from 1000 physician then the inferred result is for those 10 hospitals and 1000 physician. Now can i generalize the inferred result for whole physicians (20 thousand) ?
i inferred result from a subset of total population (n) using a standard method. Can i generalize the inference for whole population (N)  ?
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Gourab,
You can generalize your results if and only if you can collect a probability representative sample, which means randomly selecting the 1,000 from the 20,000 as well as ensuring that the sample "looks like" the population in terms of distribution (gender, age, income, etc). This means having 1000 physicians randomly selected from all hospitals in that country as well as ensuring the other characteristics of the sample look like those of the population.
e.g.; if the population has a mean age of 40 years and is made up of 69% males, your sample needs to have similar numbers.
Good luck!
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Can anyone tell me, how to model particle reinforced metal matrix composite in ANSYS to perform the study of mechanical behaviour. If possible, please tell me step by step procedure.
Otherwise provide me the suitable links..
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Dear Kannan Chidambaram, the book "Finite Element Analysis of Composite Materials Using ANSYS" (2013) by Ever J. Barbero help you how to formulate and execute finite element analyse of composites.  
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Commit protocol for DRTDBS
I am currently working to develop a new real time commit protocol for distributed real time database system.I need a help for simulation study of my work..
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Dear Researcher
please check this attachment.it might be helpful for you.
Regards
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The double take means that the actor is looking at an object twice, thus headlighting its emotional importance. It is a common "trick" in comedy theater and I wonder, if there is there any qualitative or quantitative research on this subject.
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Thank you, Wolfgang, schöne Grüße nach Leipzig!
gunter
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Hi folks,
When the goal of a study is to investigate the effect of some variable(s) "X" on performance of an entrepreneur /small business, it is likely to underestimate the effect since (some of) those firms which had low values in X and consequently experience a decreased performance, although it may have been closed in the meantime and - thus - have not been included in the study. Actually, this problem should be likely in any study investigating effects on performance...
Has anybody an idea if there are statistical or other options to counteract such survival bias?
Any hint pointing to the direction would be helpful!
With best regards,
Holger
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Holger Hi,
To the best of my knowledge selectivity bias can only be addressed with models with two equations. Usually a probit (the decision/state etc)  that controls for the selection and a linear/truncated etc equation(performance in your case). Since I have no clear picture on what you intend to investigate or even more importantly the available information I would refer you to a partial observability model  and a paper from Kounetas and Tsekouras, (2008) in Energy Economics which may be of help.
Just to note that firm survival kind of implies a dynamic setting by definition. David Audretsch and Steven Klepper have done a lot of work on firm survival from an economic perspective. 
Hope this helps
Best
Areti
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Generally cutting tools performance are studied by FE analysis or experimental tests. So Is there any method to investigae the tools performance apart from the above mentioned approaches? 
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Can be a good work to correlate chip formation with tool shape, with cutting parameters.
Here I attach the table of differents chips shapes (from ISO 3685).