Peptides - Science topic

The aim of this research was to investigate the ability of an in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) to generate peptides from bovine lactoferrin (LF) that possess antibacterial activity. Escherichia coli was examined as the target pathogen due to its prevalence in foods and the well-documented antibacterial effect of both LF and LF p...

Combination treatments for migraine prophylaxis present a promising approach to addressing the diverse and complex mechanisms underlying migraine. This review explores the potential of combining oral conventional prophylactics, onabotulinumtoxin A, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) pathway, and small...

Amyloid-β1–42 (Aβ42) forms highly stable and insoluble fibrillar structures, representing the principal components of the amyloid plaques present in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. The involvement of Aβ42 in AD-associated neurodegeneration has also been demonstrated, in particular for smaller and soluble aggregates (oligomers). Base...

An efficient Mn(III)‐promoted phosphorylation of dehydroalanine (Dha) has been developed to give unusual α‐amino acids bearing phosphonates/phosphine oxides and β‐vinyl phosphonates/phosphinates depending on N‐protection of amino acid. N,N‐diprotected dehydroalanine reacted with H‐phosphonates and H‐phosphine oxides to give structurally diverse pho...

Cyclin-CDKs are master regulators of cell division. In addition to directly activating the CDK, the cyclin subunit regulates CDK specificity by binding short peptide "docking" motifs in CDK substrates. Here, we measure the relative binding strength of ~100,000 peptides to 11 human cyclins from five cyclin families (D, E, A, B and F). Using a quanti...

Background: Chronic migraine (CM) management is still a challenge. Notwithstanding the success of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibodies (anti-CGRP mAbs), not all patients respond to these treatments. Here, we revisit the efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA (BTA) in patients who did not respond to anti-CGRP mAbs. Methods: This case series inclu...

Selective inhibitors of Frizzled (FZD) GPCRs are highly sought after as potentially highly efficacious and safe treatments for cancer as well as tools in regenerative medicine and fundamental science. In recent years, there have been several reports claiming the identification of small molecule agents that are selective toward certain FZD proteins...

Amino acids, including glycine, are fundamental to biochemical research due to their dual acidic and basic properties, allowing them to form peptides and proteins, the building blocks of life. The present review chiefly focuses on the solubility of glycine in a widespread temperature range as examined by several researchers worldwide. Glycine being...

Hydrophobicity is crucial for the interaction between amphipathic antimicrobial peptides and microbial pathogens. However, it is difficult to fully understand the impact of this factor because the biological functions are also influenced by other structural properties, including peptide length, net charge, hydrophilicity, secondary structure, and h...

Here, we report the functional characterization of the point mutant J1-1_K45E derived from the type I antibacterial defensin J1-1. This point mutant showed a lipid-independent oligomerization, a distinct lipid binding specificity and animproved antibacterial activity. Compared to J1-1, the point mutant defensin J1-1_K45E showed improved antibacteri...

One of the common neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with extracellular plaque formation in the hippocampus and amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide misfolding and aggregation. There currently needs to be an effective treatment for this disease, as there is no clear understanding of how it develops, what causes it, or how it work...

Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) biosynthetic enzymes often exhibit promiscuous substrate preferences that cannot be reduced to simple rules. Large language models are promising tools for predicting the specificity of RiPP biosynthetic enzymes. However, state-of-the-art protein language models are trained on...

Protein- and peptide-based medications are recognized for their effectiveness and lower toxicity compared to chemical-based drugs, making them promising therapeutic agents. However, their application has been limited by numerous delivery challenges. Polymeric nanostructures have emerged as effective tools for protein delivery due to their versatili...

Background Migraine is a genetic disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of headache that are throbbing in nature. The objective of this study was to directly compare the efficacy and safety of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (anti-CGRP) and botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) for the preventive treatment of chronic migraine. Methods This quasi-...

In recent decades, peptides have attracted significant attention not only from Academia but also from big Pharma as novel potential therapeutic compounds [...]

Here, we present a family of simple peptides that show diverse self‐assembling behaviors. We used aliphatic (Leu/Ile) and aromatic (Phe) amino acids to delineate our design. The design consists of phenylene urea at the N‐terminus of the peptide. The urea peptides with sequence Phe‐LeuOMe (1) or Phe‐IleOMe (2) associate to form polygonal peptide tub...

Liquid‐liquid phase separation (LLPS) refers to a spontaneous separation behavior of biomacromolecules under specific physiological conditions, playing a crucial role in regulating various biological processes. Recent advances in synthetic peptides have greatly improved our understanding of peptide‐based coacervate droplets and expanded their appli...

Protein tandem mass spectrometry data are most often interpreted by matching observed mass spectra to a protein database derived from the reference genome of the sample being analyzed. In many application domains, however, a relevant protein database is unavailable or incomplete, and in such settings de novo sequencing is required. Since the introd...

Molecular dynamics models combined with computational approaches can be used as advanced screening techniques for finding highly efficient material‐molecule interactions based on binding affinity, including in the development of gas sensors. However, most models are originally designed for liquid phase interactions, which do not align with gas sens...

In the last decade, pulmonary fungal infections such as invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) have increased in incidence due to the increased number of immunocompromised individuals. This increase is especially problematic when considering mortality rates associated with IPA are upwards of 70%. This high mortality rate is due to, in part, the len...

Water provides a unique surface for the formation of directed self‐assembly and transformation of secondary structures of peptides and proteins as witnessed in the biological systems. Herein a one‐step transformation of an amyloid‐derived dipeptide is reported from β‐sheet to α‐helix structures on the water surface, facilitated by chiral supramolec...

Peptidomimetic design for non-canonical interfaces is less well established than for α-helix and β-strand mediated protein–protein interactions. Using the TACC3/Aurora-A kinase interaction as a model, we developed a series of constrained TACC3 peptide variants with 10-fold increased binding potencies (Kd) towards Aurora-A in comparison to the paren...

An efficient Pd‐catalyzed C(sp³)−H anomeric activation approach has been developed for the synthesis of cyclophane‐braced glycopeptides. This technique is versatile and can be applied to glycopeptides of various cyclic sizes. In addition, biological evaluations of some glycophanes revealed that this series exhibits promising antiproliferative activ...

Hundreds of thousands of small open reading frames (smORFs) of less than 100 codons exist in every genome, especially in long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and in the 5′ leaders of mRNAs. smORFs are often discarded as nonfunctional, but ribosomal profiling (RiboSeq) reveals that thousands are translated, while characterised smORF functions have risen fr...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising class of antimicrobial drugs due to their broad-spectrum activity against microorganisms. However, their clinical application is limited by their potential to cause hemolysis, the destruction of red blood cells. To address this issue, we propose a deep learning model based on convolutional neural networ...

Precision genetic medicine enlists antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to bind to nucleic acid targets important for human disease. Peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) have many desirable attributes as ASOs but lack cellular...

The success of new therapeutic modalities relies on advancements in synthetic chemistry to produce compounds for evaluation throughout the drug discovery process. The use of non‐canonical amino acids (ncAAs) allows the properties of peptide drugs to be modified and optimised beyond the defined characteristics of the 20 proteogenic amino acids. Synt...

Multifunctional therapeutic peptides (MFTP) hold immense potential in diverse therapeutic contexts, yet their prediction and identification remain challenging due to the limitations of traditional methodologies, such as extensive training durations, limited sample sizes, and inadequate generalization capabilities. To address these issues, we presen...

Peptide drugs are experiencing a renaissance driven by technological breakthroughs and the success of recent blockbuster drugs. A versatile peptide chemistry toolbox, modern synthesis techniques, and powerful discovery platforms are addressing many inherent roadblocks in peptide drug discovery and development allowing complex diseases to be targete...

The accurate prediction of B-cell epitopes is critical for guiding vaccine development against infectious diseases, including SARS and COVID-19. This study explores the use of a deep neural network (DNN) model to predict B-cell epitopes for SARS-CoVandSARS-CoV-2,leveraging a dataset that incorporates essential protein and peptide features. Traditio...

Phage-derived peptidoglycan hydrolases (i.e. lysins) are considered promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics due to their direct peptidoglycan degradation activity and low risk of resistance development. The discovery of these enzymes is often hampered by the limited availability of phage genomes. Herein, we report a new strategy to mine...

Peptides, short chains of amino acids, interact with target proteins, making them a unique class of protein-based therapeutics for treating human diseases. Recently, deep generative models have shown great promise in peptide generation. However, several challenges remain in designing effective peptide binders. First, not all residues contribute equ...

In the original publication [...]

We report here a distinct reaction, which generates aryl radicals from aryl pinacol boronates under mild aqueous conditions and can be used for peptide and protein modifications. The strategy leverages the versatile reactivity of aryl pinacol boronates to form aryl radicals in presence of ammonium persulfate (APS). The formed aryl radicals insert r...

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have caught the attention of researchers over the last couple of years due to their unique membrane lytic mechanism for combating antibiotic resistance, which differs from the molecular targets of traditional antibiotics. Although natural AMPs exhibit potential antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorgani...

This article provides a systematic review of research conducted on the proteomic composition of blood as part of a complex biological age estimation. We performed a comprehensive analysis of 17 publicly available datasets and compiled an integral list of proteins. These proteins were sorted based on their detection probability using mass spectromet...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading type of dementia globally, characterized by a complex pathogenesis that involves various comorbidities. An imbalance in the production and clearance of amyloid β-protein (Aβ) peptides in the brain is a key pathological mechanism of AD, with the glymphatic system playing a crucial role in Aβ clearance. Comorbi...

Background Plecanatide is a selective gastrointestinal peptide used for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). Given its widespread use, understanding the long-term safety of plecanatide in real-world settings is essential. Methods Data for this study were sourced from the Uni...

Metastasis is a major cause of cancer‐related deaths. Similar to the tumor microenvironment formation, the premetastatic niche develops in distant organs before the arrival of tumor cells. Elucidating the mechanism(s) underlying premetastatic niche formation could contribute to the establishment of effective therapeutic targets for metastasis. Our...

Marine-derived peptides display potent antihypertensive, antioxidant, analgesic and antimi-crobial biological effects. Some of them have also been found to have anticancer activity via various mechanisms differing from those of continental organisms. This diversity of properties-together with the peptides' efficacy, which has been confirmed in seve...

Artificial Intelligence application in design of novel anti-tumour and antibiofilm peptides, to mitigate Cancer Progression due to pathogenic biofilms in a systems biology approach targeting tumour micro-environment.

Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in regulating behavior, physiology, and health. Sexual dimorphism, a widespread phenomenon across species, influences circadian behaviors. Additionally, post-mating physiological changes in females are known to modulate various behaviors, yet their effects on circadian rhythms remain underexplored. Here, using...

Zusammenfassung Herzversagen (HV) ist ein globales Problem, eine Haupttodesursache mit mäßiger 5-Jahres-Überlebensrate. Für die Symptomatik und den Verlauf von HV spielt insbesondere der zentrale Venendruck eine wichtige Rolle. Während bisher vor alledem natriuretische Peptide für die Behandlung von Bluthochdruck verwendet werden, könnte eine langa...

Antibacterial resistance has emerged as a significant global concern, necessitating the urgent development of new antibacterial drugs. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally occurring peptides found in various organisms. Coupled with a wide range of antibacterial activity, AMPs are less likely to develop drug resistance and can act as potentia...

Effectxmed: Das Geheimnis für strahlende und jugendliche Haut Was ist Effectxmed? Effectxmed ist eine fortschrittliche Hautcreme, die speziell entwickelt wurde, um die Haut zu transformieren und die sichtbaren Anzeichen der Hautalterung deutlich zu reduzieren. Diese innovative Formel wurde von führenden Dermatologen und Hautpflegeexperten entwicke...

The integration of integrin‐binding peptides within self‐assembling building blocks is crucial for the development of targeted nanoarchitectonics. However, such constructs typically incorporate only a single integrin‐binding peptide, limiting their multifunctionality. Herein, a rationally designed self‐assembling peptide with dual integrin‐binding...

Efficiently assembling amino acids and peptides with bioactive molecules facilitates the modular and streamlined synthesis of a diverse library of peptide‐related compounds. Particularly notable is their application in pharmaceutical development, leveraging site‐selective late‐stage functionalization. Here, a visible light‐induced three‐component r...

Soybean is a common food and feed raw material. It is widely used as a raw material for various processing and production. In this paper, the Bacillus subtilis stored in the laboratory was used to fermentation soybean, and the viable number of fermentation products was used as the fermentation index to carry out the experimental single factor exper...

Here, we introduce Nerpa 2, a tool for linking computationally-predicted biosynthetic gene clusters of nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) to their putative products. Nerpa 2 is based on our previous tool, Nerpa, but outperforms it in accuracy and sensitivity thanks to the software and algorithmic updates, including a wholly revised scoring function and e...

NK cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes, representing about 5–15% of circulating mononuclear lymphocytes, and are defined as CD3-CD56 + NKp46+. They play crucial roles in host defense by recognizing and eliminating virus-infected and tumor cells without prior sensitization. The function of NK cells is regulated by a repertoire of receptors that issue ac...

T cells are critical components of human immune system. When a cell is infected by a virus, it presents viral peptides on its surface using human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins. These peptide-HLA complexes are recognized by T cells through interactions with T cell receptors (TCRs). A human blood sample can contain millions of unique TCRs, which i...

This Special Issue is aimed at both experimental and theoretical works that shed light on the latest advances in AMPs: manuscripts dealing with new forms of AMPs, whether synthetic or natural, their mechanisms of action, and their application in multidisciplinary fields, such as human and veterinary medicine, pharmaceutics, the food industry, etc.,...

Quantum machine learning (QML) is one of the most promising applications of quantum computation. Despite the theoretical advantages, it is still unclear exactly what kind of problems QML techniques can be used for, given the current limitation of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. In this work, we apply the well-studied quantum support vecto...

In this study, we introduce a novel cleavage reaction lateral flow assay (LFA) based on pepsin activity against a pepsin-susceptible peptide (PSP) substrate to detect salivary pepsin. Two types of cleavage reaction LFAs, the within-tube and on-strip cleavage reactions, were prepared based on the PSP and pepsin reaction location. In the within-tube...

Safe and effective - these are the words to describe modern peptide preparations. peptide preparations, due to their multidisciplinarity in terms of therapies for various diseases. The ready dosage form of peptide means presented on the Russian market are aqueous solutions. In Studying the physicochemical properties of aqueous solutions of peptide-...

Background/Objective: Biological females experience more autoimmune disease than males and more treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) after immune checkpoint blockade therapy. However, little is known about sex-related differences in TRAEs after cancer vaccines. Methods: The Mel44 clinical trial (NCT00118274) enrolled 167 eligible patients with...

CDK1 is an oncogenic serine/threonine kinase known to play an important role in the regulation of the cell cycle. FOXM1, as one of the CDK1 substrates, requires binding of CDK1/CCNB1 complex for phosphorylation-dependent recruitment of p300/CBP coactivators to mediate transcriptional activity. Previous studies from our laboratory found that a novel...

Surface charge patchiness of different charge types can influence the solution behaviours of colloidal particles and globular proteins. Herein, coiled-coil ‘bundlemer’ nanoparticles that display only a single type of surface charge (SC) are computationally designed to compare their solution behaviours to mixed charge-type (MC) counterparts with bot...

Polyhedrin from Autographa californica baculovirus is a protein that self-aggregates forming a crystal structure known as polyhedra. Baculovirus occluded inside the crystal withstand for years at room temperature retaining infectivity....