Pediatrics - Science topic

Appendicitis is among the most frequent reasons for pediatric abdominal surgeries. Previous decision support systems for appendicitis have focused on clinical, laboratory, scoring, and computed tomography data and have ignored abdominal ultrasound, despite its noninvasive nature and widespread availability. In this work, we present interpretable ma...

A automedicação pediátrica ocorre quando pais ou responsáveis usam medicamentos sem prescrição para tratar doenças ou sintomas reconhecidos nas crianças. Analisar o perfil da automedicação pediátrica em um hospital de alta complexidade no interior do Ceará. Trata-se de um estudo transversal baseado na técnica de entrevista, realizado com 135 pais/r...

Resumen Objetivo: la atención centrada en la familia durante procedimientos invasivos ha sido respaldada por muchas organizaciones profesionales dedicadas al cuidado de la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las actitudes de los profesionales de la salud con respecto a la presencia de los padres durante los procedimientos invasivos reali...

Background Epidermoid cysts are rare benign lesions that originate from remnants of ectodermal epithelial tissue, particularly infrequent in the pediatric population. They exhibit characteristic imaging features, with occasional variations leading to the development of a “white” epidermoid cyst. This transformation results from the presence of prot...

Genomic testing is becoming increasingly common in the care of pediatric patients with cancer. Parental understanding of germline results and their intent and timing of results disclosure to their child and family may have significant implications on the family unit. The purpose of this study was to examine parental understanding of germline genomi...

Tirzepatide is an emerging hypoglycemic agent that has been increasing used in adults, yet its pharmacokinetic (PK) behavior and dosing regimen in pediatric population remain unclear. This study aimed to employ the physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict changes of tirzepatide exposure in pediatric population and to provide re...

Purpose Pediatric computed tomography (CT) head examination has also increased in recent years with the advancement in CT technology; however, children exposed to radiation at the youngest age are more vulnerable to the risks of radiation. The aim of the study is to evaluate radiation dose and image quality of low dose pediatric CT head protocol co...

Key Clinical Message Switching to rIX‐FP prophylaxis at dosing intervals of up to 14 days in a hemophilia B pediatric patient decreased treatment burden by reducing the number of administrations and hospital visits, without affecting efficacy or treatment adherence. This is particularly important in contexts of limited mobility and overloaded healt...

Background Intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) antibiotics (ABX) are standard treatments for pulmonary exacerbations (PEx) in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Frequent ABX use may lead to adverse events and ABX resistance. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator treatments have significantly reduced PEx in qualifying pwCF, but i...

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o nível de conhecimento de fisioterapeutas que atuam nos serviços públicos e privados de reabilitação pediátrica sobre o conhecimento das F-Words, assim como identificar as principais barreiras de aplicação destas ferramentas na assistência. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, conduzido de acordo com as recomend...

Objective To evaluate the performance of existing sepsis scores for prediction of adverse outcomes in children with cancer admitted to the ICU with suspected sepsis. Design Retrospective chart review using data available at 1, 6, 12, and 24 h after ICU admission to calculate the Pediatric Risk of Mortality 3 (PRISM‐3), Pediatric Sequential Organ F...

(1) Background: The study aimed to construct a clinically valuable closet-set WRS test with a picture identification task for young Greek-speaking children. (2) Methods: The test material was meticulously designed based on specific criteria. To determine which parts of speech are used more frequently by preschool children, a spontaneous speech samp...

Background Pediatric cardiac transplantation remains a surgical challenge as a variety of cardiac and vessel malformation are present in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD). Despite limited availability and acceptability of donor hearts, the number of heart transplantations remains on a stable level with improved survival and quality of li...

With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the impact of recent coronavirus, especially in children, cannot be ignored. In this study, we evaluated the SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and associated features in children less than 18 years of age in “Fars” and “Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad”, provinces, Iran. 5943 children who were suspected cases to SARS-CoV-2 infectio...

Informed consent presupposes competence and represents a formal decision by an informed person who has the legal capacity to accept medical action or participate in research. Our aim was to analyze the perceptions of minors and their parents about the age at which they consider that a minor is competent for making health decisions. A descriptive ob...

Revista PRECOP - Sociedad Colombiana de Pediatría

The poster explain about the work on different clinical manifestation in pediatric and adult SLE and different treatment regimen used in both the population. The project is a collaborative work between two institutes KMC Manipal and AIIMS New Delhi.

Liver tumors in children are uncommon and show remarkable morphologic heterogeneity. Pediatric tumors may arise from either the epithelial or mesenchymal component of the liver and rarely may also show both lines of differentiation. Both benign and malignant liver tumors have been reported in children. The most common pediatric liver tumors by age...

The purpose of our study was to identify risk factors for the development of aortic recoarctation, depending on the initial method of surgical correction. The study included 50 patients with coarctation of the aorta, hypoplasia of its arc and isthmus, operated under the age of 1 year in the period from January 13, 2013 to January 1, 2015 in the Rep...

It has been more than 2 years since COVID-19 pandemic began. Clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children ranged from asymptomatic to severe. A retrospective, non-randomized study was conducted over a period of one year, between January-December 2022, and included 140 patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection at the Pediatric Clin...

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common bacterial infections in childhood. UTIs Dividing into three categories; upper UTI (acute pyelonephritis), lower UTI (cystitis), and urosepsis. During the period extending between December 2020 to April 2021, Blood and urine samples were obtained from 109 suspected UTI patients and 40 healthy...

OBJECTIVE Clerkship grades are a component of determining a residency candidate's competitiveness. In 2017, the University of Minnesota Medical School's pediatric clerkship transitioned its standardized multiple-choice exam, the Aquifer Pediatrics Examination, to pass/fail with eligibility for honors being determined by clinical performance, not ex...

This non-systematic Pubmed review was performed to evaluate the use of 5 mm endostaplers in pediatric endoscopic surgery with results available in children aged between 1 day and 17 years. Three reports identified the use of the endostapler in bowel anastomosis, two in laparoscopic anorectoplasty and one in thoracoscopic resections of congenital lu...

Εισαγωγή: Το περιβάλλον της Μονάδας Εντατικής Θεραπείας(ΜΕΘ) μπορεί να είναι συντριπτικό για τους γονείς και τα νοσηλευόμενα παιδιά τους. Ο ρόλος του κύριου φροντιστή μπορεί να αλλάξει από την ανάγκη του παιδιού για προηγμένη φροντίδα που παρέχεται από το προσωπικό της ΜΕΘ. Αυτό μπορεί να οδηγήσει σε υψηλά επίπεδα στρες, κατάθλιψης και άγχους στους...

Buku ini membahas Pengenalan tentang Keperawatan dan Ners, Prinsip-prinsip Teori Keperawatan, Prinsip-prinsip Teori Ners, Asuhan Keperawatan Keluarga, Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) dalam Keperawatan, Praktik Klinis, Keperawatan Maternitas dan Kehamilan, Keperawatan Anak dan Pediatri, Keperawatan Gerontologi, Etika dan Hukum dalam Keperawatan d...

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly discovered parvovirus with a worldwide distribution, a common in pediatric patients. It has been isolated from different varieties of samples, such as nasopharyngeal aspirates, fecal, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid. HВoV1 genotype causes respiratory infections of diverse severity, whereas HВoV2-4 genotypes are most...

Pediatric low-grade gliomas have been treated with similar therapies for the last 30 years. Recent biological insights have allowed a new generation of targeted therapies to be developed for these diverse tumors. At the same time, technological advances may redefine the late toxicities associated with radiation therapy. Understanding recent develop...

The oral route is the most popular route of administration for numerous drugs because it is considered as a safest, most pref erred and less economical. Disintegrating agents are the substances that disperse or dissolve within a matter of seconds. This disintegrating mechanism helps in dysphagia, pediatric and geriatric patients. Synthetic disinteg...

Key Clinical Message Treatment of recurrent myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) remains challenging. We present a 4‐year‐old girl experiencing early MDS relapse post‐HCT treated with a multimodal strategy encompassing a second HCT and innovative targeted therapies. We underscore the potential of a comprehen...

Objectives: Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (EDS) are a family of heritable connective tissue diseases. Primary practitioners are capable of diagnosing and managing EDS; however, few are knowledgeable and comfortable enough to see patients with EDS, resulting in delays in diagnosis and care. This study explores the barriers physicians experience with diagn...

Neurogenetic diseases affect individuals across the lifespan, but accurate diagnosis remains elusive for many patients. Adults with neurogenetic disorders often undergo a long diagnostic odyssey, with multiple specialist evaluations and countless investigations without a satisfactory diagnostic outcome. Reasons for these diagnostic challenges inclu...

Purpose To determine if children with UPJO demonstrate a clinically significant change in somatic growth following pyeloplasty. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the growth chart data of infants with SFU grade 3 or 4 congenital hydronephrosis at our institution from 2015 to 2022. Of those, 35 patients underwent pyeloplasty and 66 had no surgica...

Mensurar os impactos do diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer na qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes, sob a ótica do paciente e do cuidador familiar. Estudo transversal descritivo realizado com 35 crianças/adolescentes com neoplasias e seus cuidadores atendidas no ambulatório de pediatria de um Centro de Oncologia. A coleta de dados foi reali...

Objective: Analyze the treatment modalities used in real practice by synthesizing available literature. Methods: We reviewed and evaluated 52 cases of GAMT deficiency including 4 novel cases from Saudi Arabia diagnosed using whole-exome sequencing. All data utilized graphical presentation in the form of line charts and illustrated graphs. Results:...

Morel-Lavallée lesions are serious internal degloving injuries associated with trauma. Its diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. We describe the surgical treatment of a case of a chronic Morel-Lavallée lesion in a pediatric patient who sustained an injury to her left thigh during an all-terrain vehicle accident more than a year ago.

la physiologie du nouveau né et du petit nourrisson et implications anesthésiques

Introdução: A Síndrome de Down é um distúrbio cromossômico, sendo observada em aproximadamente 1/800 nascimentos. A causa mais comum dessa síndrome é a presença de um cromossomo 21 extra, devido a um erro na formação dos gametas (óvulo ou espermatozoide) durante a meiose, alterando características físicas, e podendo apresentar diversas anormalidade...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors, especially differential renal function (DRF), affecting surgical success in patients with poor renal function associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The data of forty-five pediatric patients who underwent pyeloplasty due to a glomerular filtrati...

Background: Evaluating medical colleges' teaching staff performance is an essential topic for evaluating academic performance. Objective: To assess the academic performance of the teaching staff in the pediatric, surgical, and gynecology branches in comparison to the medicine branch performance from 2014 to 2018. Methods: The total number and the n...

Background and objectives Public health measures, parental fear of infection, and redeployment of medical resources in response to the COVID-19 pandemic might have led to a decrease in pediatric healthcare access. As a result, a delay in type 1 diabetes diagnosis might have occurred, leading to the worsening of its clinical presentation in the pedi...

Key Clinical Message The introduction of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) increased diagnosis of cystic fibrosis screen positive inconclusive diagnosis (CFSPID). We described the case of a 12‐month‐old boy with CFSPID who, during summer, presented Pseudo‐Bartter syndrome with no diagnostic criteria for CF.

This review is aimed at elucidating the efficacy and safety of oral minoxidil (OM) for the treatment of hair loss (HL), especially androgenic alopecia (AGA), and at highlighting its future applications. A comprehensive review of the published literature concerning the management of various types of non-scarring HL was performed. The review focused...

Background Postoperative atrioventricular block may occur after pediatric cardiac surgery. A small proportion of those who develop atrioventricular block will require pacemaker placement. The primary aim of this study was to determine factors associated with postoperative atrioventricular block. Secondary aims included determining factors associate...

There is little known about the time of the day and the nature of it (business day/non-business day) at which extubation is performed, and whether it is safe during the night. Objective: to describe the frequency of nocturnal extubation (NE) and non-business day extubation (nBDE). In addition, to determine the association between these and clinical...

The Harm Threshold (HT) holds that the state may interfere in medical decisions parents make on their children’s behalf only when those decisions are likely to cause serious harm to the child. Such a high bar for intervention seems incompatible with both parental obligations and the state’s role in protecting children’s well-being. In this paper, I...

With prevalence of about 1 in 3000 live births, pediatric surgeons commonly deal with esophageal abnormalities, which may provide substantial clinical complications. Surprisingly, the embryologic processes underlying esophageal atresia (EA) with or without tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), one of the hallmark disease entities of pediatric surgery, h...

Evolution of the logo of the "International Study Group of Diabetes in Children and Adolescents (ISGD)" to the "International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD)"

Dystonia represents a significant source of disability in children. Generalized dystonia, which involves multiple body regions, leads to impaired mobility and motor function, resulting in substantial challenges in daily activities. Surgical treatments are used when medical treatments fail. Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) or deep brain stimulations (DBS)...

Objetivo: Apontar a relevância dos estágios na área da pediatria para os universitários da área da saúde e relatar as experiências vivenciadas nesse setor. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, com abordagem descritiva sobre a vivência de cinco graduandos de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, no Hospital Universitário Júl...

Las investigaciones avalan los beneficios para la salud mental y el bienestar familiar de la promoción de la educación emocional, el apego seguro, así como el fomento de la lectura en la etapa infantil, incluso desde los servicios de pediatría. Por otra parte, el nivel de conocimiento y aplicación de estas temáticas en madres, padres y profesionale...

Purpose of Review Pediatric hypertension has been on the rise over the past four decades. While most cases are evaluated and managed in the primary healthcare setting, some children may be referred to the emergency department (ED) for an expedited workup of elevated blood pressure or for management of hypertensive crisis. Recent Findings Acute sev...

Any surgical facial intervention in children may affect facial development. children who did functional endoscopic surgery were followed up for nearly seven years to confirm any facial changes.

We retrospectively reviewed physician diagnostic and treatment practices for pediatric tinea capitis at an academic institution over 16 years, in assessing adherence with published guidelines. We demonstrate the need to increase utilization of confirmatory testing and systemic therapy, and call for directed pediatrician education towards these goal...

Best Article Award 2023 by Clinical and Experimental Paediatrics

Background: Serratia spp., gram-negative bacteria belonging to the family of Enterobacteriaceae are one of the major and possibly lethal cause of opportunistic and nosocomial infections. According to the European, multi-center study, S. marcescens accounted for 5.5% of of all culture-positive nosocomial infections in inpatient care units; 4.8% and...

Key Clinical Message Congenital mastoid confined cholesteatoma is a very rare entity with only 30 reported cases worldwide. We describe the presentation and treatment of this condition in a 14‐year‐old boy, with maintenance of normal hearing and ear canal function.

Clinical implications: Inhaled salbutamol's effective delivery is significantly influenced by the breathing patterns of small children and type of VHC used. Regulatory authorities should carefully evaluate and if necessary, restrict the approval and availability of VHCs that exhibit poor drug delivery characteristics.

Oncogenic pathways that drive cancer progression reflect both genetic changes and epigenetic regulation. Here we stratified primary tumors from each of 24 TCGA adult cancer types based on the gene expression patterns of epigenetic factors (epifactors). The tumors for five cancer types (ACC, KIRC, LGG, LIHC, and LUAD) separated into two robust clust...

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection is the most common congenital infection, with an estimated incidence of approximately one in 200 infants in high-income settings. Approximately one in four children may experience life-long consequences, including sensorineural hearing loss and neurodisability. Knowledge regarding prevention, diagnosis, a...

Objective. This study aims to characterize the presentation, biochemical status of children with T1DM at diagnosis, the type of subcutaneous insulin regimens initiated, and to determine the incidence of T1DM in Bruneian children aged 18 years and younger. Methodology. A retrospective electronic and paper medical chart review was performed on patien...

Aim In response to the coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) pandemic, governments worldwide implemented measures to prevent infection, resulting in restricted school activities, restricted children’s freedom of movement, and increased risk of violence and injuries at home, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), among children. In Brazil, the conseq...

Introdução: A osteogênese imperfeita e uma alteração genética no COLA1 ou COLA2, que resulta em fragilidade óssea, e alta probabilidade de fraturas do decorrer da vida da criança. A fisioterapia disponibiliza alguns recursos terapêuticos que ajudam esses pacientes ter uma qualidade de vida melhor Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo de mostrar...

In April 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a global outbreak of acute hepatitis of unknown etiology (AHUE) with a high risk of severe outcomes, for which various etiologies have been proposed by the literature. This study examines primary reports of pediatric AHUE cases and summarizes the proposed etiologies. This systematic review...

Focal skull lesions in children can be diagnostically challenging with a wide variety of potential etiologies. Understanding the diverse pathologies and recognizing their associated clinical and imaging characteristics is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning. We review pertinent anatomy of the scalp and calvarium and re...