Pediatric Surgery - Science topic

Background Symptoms frequently associated with endometriosis affect quality of life (QoL). Our aim investigated the hypothesis that cluster analysis can be used to identify homogeneous phenotyping subgroups of women according to the burden of the endometriosis for their QoL, and then to investigate the phenotype differences observed between these s...

Aim The appendix is considered a reservoir for the gut microbiome to restore the gut microbiota after disruptions. Therefore, removal of the appendix because of appendicitis, might result in long-term disruption of the microbiome with related health consequences. The aims of the study were to explore if there is an association between childhood app...

Background Access to adequate pain treatment is a fundamental right, yet international data suggest that a considerable number of children experience acute and persistent pain. Little is known about the occurrence of both acute and persistent pain in children. The incidence of persistent postoperative pain in children is an unexplored area but inte...

Zusammenfassung Die Malrotation des Darmes ist eine seltene, kongenitale Anomalie, die sich meist im Neugeborenenalter und vereinzelt auch zu späteren Zeitpunkten mit Zeichen des Ileus klinisch manifestieren kann. Todesfälle im Zusammenhang mit Ladd-Bändern sind in der Literatur bislang nicht beschrieben. Wir präsentieren den Fall eines 5‑jährigen...

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate whether video-based game application is effective on post-surgical acute pain in children. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted between September 2022 and February 2023 in the department of pediatric surgery at a research and practice hospital affiliated with the university. Eighteen chi...

1. First anniversary of Pediatric Surgery in Tropics 2. Welcome to New Members of the Editorial Board 3. The Centenary of Pediatric Surgery in South Africa (1923-2024) 4. Diagnosis of Tuberculosis: Part 1 - Demonstration of Causative Organism 5. Pediatric Appendectomy in a Resource-Limited Setting: Laparoscopy Versus Laparotomy 6. Challenges an...

Aims: The aim of the current study is to reveal ultrasonographic and clinical features, evaluation of prenatal-postnatal outcomes and risk factors of fetal jejunoileal atresia. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated all cases of fetal jejunoileal atresia identified between 2018 and 2024 at a tertiary centre of maternal-fetal medicine. In all c...

Introduction: Childhood burns are common injuries that carry significant morbidity. In this article, the outcome of pediatric burns in Senegal is audited. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive study carried out over 20 months, from May 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, at the pediatric surgery department of the Albert Royer Children's Hospital...

Aim: The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized medicine, with tools like ChatGPT and Google Gemini enhancing clinical decision-making. ChatGPT's advancements, particularly with GPT-4, show promise in diagnostics and education. However, variability in accuracy and limitations in complex scenarios emphasize the need for f...

Global health prioritizes improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide. It encompasses a wide range of efforts, including disease prevention and treatment, health promotion, healthcare delivery, and addressing health disparities across borders. Short-term medical and surgical missions often contribute to the global healt...

Introduction 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) results from a microdeletion on chromosome 22 and is the most common microdeletion disorder in humans, affecting 1 in 2148 live births. Clinical manifestations vary widely among individuals and across different life stages. Effective management requires the involvement of a specialized multidisciplinar...

A scientific presentation that will be presented in our annual meeting on January 27th

Background Literature regarding the advantages of HFNC in infants for ensuring oxygen supply after non-cardiac surgery is insufficient. The purpose of our study is to compare COT vs. HFNC on postoperative outcomes in infants undergoing non-cardiac surgery. We hypothesize that prophylactic use of HFNC after non-cardiac surgery in infants would reduc...

The background of this journal explores the urgency of improving pediatric surgery services through infrastructure development, increasing the competence of medical personnel, and implementing better service standards with the end result of increased visits and patient satisfaction. In addition, this study also highlights the challenges faced and e...

Artificial intelligence and robotics are revolutionizing surgical practices by enhancing precision, efficiency, and patient outcomes. With global healthcare systems increasingly adopting AI-driven technologies, the integration of robotics in surgery addresses critical challenges such as surgical accuracy, minimally invasive techniques, and healthca...

A BSTRACT Aim This prospective single-center study aimed to evaluate the nonhepatobiliary applications of indocyanine green fluorescence-guided surgery (ICG FGS) in pediatric patients, assessing its utility as an adjunct for intraoperative imaging. Materials and Methods Over a 30-month period from January 2021 to July 2023, pediatric patients und...

Background/Objectives: Postoperative ileus, the temporary cessation of gastrointestinal motility leading to accumulation of fluid and gas in the bowel, is a common complication following posterior spine fusion (PSF) in patients with neuromuscular scoliosis (NMS). Abdominal radiographs (KUBs) are often ordered to differentiate between ileus and mech...

Spigelian hernia and cryptorchidism syndrome in children is increasingly reported in the literature. A variety of phenotypes have been reported, so diagnostic approaches and operative techniques remain poorly defined. The case of an infant male who presented with a left spigelian hernia and ipsilateral cryptorchidism who was initially misdiagnosed...

Background: Unplanned hospital admissions following surgical procedures are an important quality performance indicator, as they can reflect complications from anesthesia or surgery, in addition to communication issues within the healthcare team. Any patient who undergoes a surgical procedure under general anesthesia but has an unexpected hospital d...

Background: Mandala Coloring and Playing are distraction strategies to reduce the anxiety level in children. However, their effects are inconsistent and have received little attention for the management and prevention of anxiety in hospitalized children. The main objective of this study was to compare the effect of distraction strategies of Mandala...

Objective To investigate gender disparities in applications and admissions to the medical residency programs in Peru, focusing on differences in application and admission proportions between male and female. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the proportions of female applicants and admissions to medical residency programs in P...

Background: Pediatric population in Pakistan is exposed to alarming consequences of burn injuries. Infants have a higher risk of fatality from burns than adolescents and adults. Merely few burn centers across the country are equipped with the resources and trained doctors/paramedical staff who can cater well to the neonatal and infant burn patients...

objectives: Hypospadias, a congenital malformation characterized by the abnormal positioning of the urethral opening, poses a significant challenge for paediatric urologists. Tabularised incised plate urethroplasty (TIPU) is a widely accepted surgical approach, offering reliable function and cosmetic outcomes. While the overall technique remains co...

Introduction: Appendicitis stands as the predominant surgical emergency among pediatric patients. Despite its high occurrence rate, there remains a lack of agreement concerning the diagnostic and treatment approaches for this condition. This study aims to assess and compare the surgical results of open appendectomy in children with perforated appen...

Purpose To ensure the safe prevalence of pediatric endoscopic surgery in Japan, a training curriculum should be established. In addition, the number of pediatric surgical cases is decreasing due to the decreasing birth rate in Japan, and it is necessary to clarify the number of surgical cases required for young pediatric surgeons to achieve autonom...

Objectives: To compare the outcome of topical Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) dressing versus normal saline dressings on Wheel spoke injury (WSI) wounds in terms of duration of wound healing, wound infection, pain and need for hospital stay. Methods: It was a Randomized controlled trial conducted in Department of Pediatric Surgery KEMU/Mayo Hospital Lah...

OBJECTIVE: To find out the prevalence of surgical site infections (SSI) after laparotomies in the pediatric population and associated factors at Children's Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Child Health Sciences Lahore, from February 2021...

Background In middle-income countries, healthcare systems face unique challenges in ensuring timely antenatal detection of congenital abnormalities that require pediatric surgical intervention. Early detection can significantly improve outcomes, yet resource constraints often limit access to diagnostic technologies. This study evaluates the antenat...

Background: Hirschsprung's disease (HD) is a congenital condition causing functional bowel obstruction. Despite surgical advancements, long-term impacts on patients' quality of life, family dynamics, and satisfaction remain underexplored. This study evaluates the clinical outcomes, lifestyle impacts, and family satisfaction in HD management. Method...

Undescended testis and testicular torsion represent two frequent andrological diseases that affect the pediatric age. Despite these testicular disorders having different causes, they both negatively influence fertility in adulthood mainly due to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which represents the primary molecular damage underly...

Background: In pediatric surgery, a comprehensive knowledge of the child’s anatomy is crucial to optimize surgical outcomes and minimize complications. Recent advancements in medical imaging and technology have introduced innovative tools that enhance surgical planning and decision-making. Methods: This study explores the integration of mixed reali...

Background: Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are set to revolutionize healthcare, particularly in fields like endoscopic surgery that heavily rely on digital imaging. However, to effectively integrate these technologies and drive future innovations, pediatric surgeons need specialized AI/ML skills. This survey...

Background In Uganda, only two public hospitals provide pediatric surgery services. With less than 10 pediatric surgeons serving approximately 20 million children in Uganda, most patients with anorectal malformations (ARMs) must make several trips to the hospital before undergoing surgery. As a result, households borrow money, sell assets, or solic...

Background The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of Trans-umbilical single-port laparoscopic complete extraperitoneal closure (LCEC) and laparoscopic intracorporeal closure (LIC) for inguinal hernia by analysis of follow-up data over 5 years. Methods In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 524 children with inguinal hernia...

Background: Inguinal hernia is a type of abdominal wall hernia, accounting for 7% of surgical consultations and 12% of total surgical procedures globally. Inguinal hernia can occur at any age, and premature infants have the highest incidence. Surgical treatment for inguinal hernia in children is necessary to avoid severe complications. Methods: Thi...

Background: Intussusception, a common abdominal emergency in children under three years of age, can lead to serious complications due to abnormal bowel movements, anatomical abnormalities, and infection. Surgical management is required if non-surgical reduction fails. Methods: This systematic review adheres to the PRISMA 2020 principles, focusing o...

Background Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor primarily occurring in infants and children. The most common sites for kaposiform hemangioendothelioma are extremities, with very few cases of abdominal kaposiform hemangioendothelioma reported in neonates. Making a diagnosis of Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma can be challenging wh...

Skene’s duct cysts, arising from blocked Skene’s glands, are uncommon in neonates but can present as interlabial masses. This study examines two case reports involving symptomatic paraurethral cysts in female newborns. In the first case, a preterm neonate with a 1.5 × 1 cm cyst underwent surgical incision and drainage, leading to a successful recov...

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS) is a critical congenital heart abnormality that, prior to 1980, offered no treatment options beyond comfort care. Surgical advancements have since transformed the prognosis, yet the lived experience of affected families remains complex and multifaceted. This study aims to elucidate the psychosocial challenges...

Background: Qualitative experience data can inform health care providers how to best support families during pediatric postoperative recovery. Patient experience data can also provide actionable information to guide health care quality improvement; positive feedback can confirm the efficacy of current practices and systems, while negative comments...

Purpose This study aims to investigate the factors influencing career choices in pediatric surgery with a focus on gender and generational differences in Türkiye. Methods A cross-sectional survey study was conducted. A questionnaire, consisting of 42 questions was developed and distributed to pediatric surgeons via email and other digital platform...

AIM: Foreign body ingestion, particularly that of magnets, is a significant issue for children aged 6 months to 3 years due to their prevalence in toys and household items. Most ingested foreign bodies pass naturally, but 10%–20% of such cases require endoscopic removal, and <1% require surgery. CASE PRESENTATION: A 2-year-old girl presented with a...

Abstract: Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly changing the landscape of medical education and is already in practice in the field of medical diagnostics and imaging analysis. The various fields of AI especially machine learning and applications to predictive analytics and decision support in surgery, computer vision and image ana...

Context The interplay between psychosocial factors and medical interventions is notably evident in paediatric patients dealing with congenital or acquired deformities, and the relationship between an individual’s physical appearance and their psychological well-being has long been a focal point of psychosocial research. Paediatric patients, with th...

Aim of the study Patients with congenital lung malformation (CLM) may present pulmonary inflammatory changes. However, little is known about the factors influencing local inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors that may affect inflammatory changes in CLM. Methods Patients with CLM operated upon between 2005 and 2021 were in...

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a prevalent middle ear condition, particularly in children, characterised by persistent otorrhoea and tympanic membrane perforation. This condition can lead to hearing loss and, if left untreated, serious complications. Refractory CSOM, defined as ongoing or recurrent infections despite medical treatment,...

Este estudo analisa os fatores de risco anestésico-cirúrgicos em pacientes pediátricos com comorbidades, evidenciando os desafios na prática clínica. Objetivos: identificar as principais complicações anestésico-cirúrgicas e estratégias preventivas em pediatria. Metodologia: revisão integrativa conduzida em novembro de 2024, utilizando bases Scienti...

Pancreatic mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs) are rare tumors predominantly identified in middle‐aged females. Occurrences are extremely rare in children. We report a rare case of pancreatic MCN in an adolescent. A 14‐year‐old female with Smith–Magenis syndrome and steatotic liver disease (SLD) presented with abdominal discomfort. Magnetic resonance...

Abdominal lymphangiomas are benign congenital abnormal dilatation and proliferation of lymphatic spaces primarily seen in children. The wide spectrum of symptoms challenges preoperative diagnoses. We present a rare case of a 2-year-old boy presented to pediatrician with massive abdominal distention and left scrotal swelling since the age of 1½ year...

Purpose: Acute appendicitis (AA), classified as non-complicated acute appendicitis (NCAA) and complicated acute appendicitis (CAA), is the most common cause of abdominal pain in children requiring surgical treatment. If the first-line treatment for NCAA is to be debated between conservative management and surgery, authors find a consensus in choosi...

Objectives of Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology (PAG): PAG aims to foster a collaborative environment that bridges knowledge from various disciplines to ensure the highest quality of care for children and adolescents with gynaecological issues. The European Association of PAG and HellenicPAG, like all National PAG Societies, support research an...

Background: Lack of policy prioritization of surgical, obstetric, trauma and anesthesia (SOTA) care in South and Southeast Asian countries could be a potential contributor to limited access to care. Objective: To assess the SOTA care prioritization in National Health Policies, Strategies, and Plans (NHPSPs). Methods: We analyzed NHPSPs from twelve...

essential concepts in neonatal surgical physiology

During pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for congenital heart disease, systemic hemodynamics dramatically change, which also causes changes in the cerebral hemodynamics. One of the representative methods in bedside monitoring for the estimation of cerebral hemodynamics during pediatric cardiac surgery is transcranial Doppl...

Introduction Necrotising enterocolitis is a devastating gastrointestinal disease predominantly affecting preterm infants. In 40% of cases, its rapid progression renders conservative treatment insufficient, necessitating laparotomy as the sole viable option for survival. However, high perioperative and postoperative mortality rates, along with sever...

Today, in children with portal hypertension (PH), the most radical treatment method is vascular shunt surgery, and for a number of reasons, splenorenal shunts (SRS), which are total portosystemic shunts (PSS), are predominantly used in practice. However, with them, the total discharge of portal blood into the inferior vena cava (IVC) leads to compl...

Background: Undescended testis (UDT), or cryptorchidism, is a prevalent pediatric condition with significant implications for fertility and malignancy risk if untreated. Affecting 1-5% of male infants, UDT is influenced by genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Methods: This retrospective cohort study examines 470 pediatric UDT cases treated...

Here, we explore the transformative effects of artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GEMINI, on pediatric surgery, including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care, as well as their influence on medical education and patient communication. We discuss the role of AI in enhancing surgical pre...

Introduction Mastering paediatric laparoscopic surgery competency (PLSC) is technically challenging. The present study aimed to determine whether the inter-academic PLSC degree (IAD_PLSC) practical training program enables trainees to improve their skills. Methods This retrospective study included trainees enrolled in the IAD_PLSC program in 2021...

This study aims to compare operative time, recurrence, and complications between laparoscopic and open techniques for the repair of inguinal hernia in children. Pubmed and Embase databases were systematically searched for studies of pediatric patients who underwent open or laparoscopic inguinal hernia procedures. The main outcomes were operative ti...

Professor Adesoji Oludotun Ademuyiwa, a leading figure in paediatric surgery and global health research, has built an exemplary career defined by academic excellence, groundbreaking research, and dedicated mentorship. As he prepares to deliver the second inaugural lecture during the 2024/2025 academic session at the University of Lagos, his remarka...

Introduction : Perinatal testicular torsion is a rare pathology, occurring in utero and during the first month of life. We report a case of testicular torsion noted at birth, which allowed us to conduct a literature review. Observation :This was a male newborn, born at 38 weeks of amenorrhea, 2 prenatal consultations carried out and no prenatal ass...

В статье раскрываются исторические аспекты биоэтики исследований и инноваций в детской хирургии. Хирургические инновации – это по своей сути благородные усилия, целью которых является улучшение здоровья пациентов с помощью нового метода диагностики или лечения. Вместе со свободой создавать что-то новое и внедрять инновации наступает необходимость з...

Introduction Pediatric surgery is a complex field that requires providing patients and their families with extensive care. Pre ad post operative education play a crucial role in the preparation of patients and their caregivers for surgery and assisting I the recovery process. However, there is few research on the impact of pre and post-OR educatio...

Background: Pediatric orthopedic nursing requires specialized competencies to optimize patient outcomes, particularly in the complex realm of pediatric surgery. This study explores the effectiveness of the Pediatric Nursing Excellence (PNE) Model in enhancing nurses’ knowledge and clinical practice in providing perioperative care for pediatric orth...

Purpose Research in high-income countries has extensively documented the non-operative management of spleen injuries in children, resulting in low splenectomy rates (5%). However, there is a lack of literature on this topic in low- and-middle-income countries (LMICs), including Brazil. This scoping review analyzed pediatric spleen trauma research t...

In the pediatric age group, FXIII deficiency can present as abnormal or delayed bleeding from the umbilical stump, soft tissue and subcutaneous bleeding, intracerebral hemorrhages, intraoral bleeding, and poor wound healing. This case report describes an atypical presentation of FXIII deficiency in a 3‐year‐old female who presented to the emergency...

Purpose To evaluate the gender distribution of first and last authors with Brazilian surgical affiliations in PubMed-indexed surgical journals. Methods Data from eligible surgical journals were retrieved using Scimago Journal & Country Rank 2021 and manually reviewed. Manuscripts published from 2018 to 2022 were included if at least one author was...

Transverse testicular ectopy (TTE) is a rare anomaly in which both testicles descend through the same inguinal canal. Different variants of this anomaly exist, with the most common presenting as two separate spermatic cords and testicular vessel bundles. The management of this condition is challenging, as various factors have to be considered. We r...