Pakistan - Science topic

This study explores the ethical implications of AI in Islamic counseling through interviews with 10 Islamic scholars in Pakistan. The research employs Ethical AI Decision-Making and Islamic Counseling Ethics as theoretical frameworks to examine the potential benefits and limitations of AI in this context. The findings indicate that while AI can imp...

Demonstration of the relevance of cultural values and identity to reporting violent victimization among one Native American Indian tribal group.

The plant tissue culture techniques have been used widely to multiply number of plant varieties, many successful propagations of plants in short time depends upon most efficient protocols in this regard there has been enough publications worldwide on micropropagation of chickpea, but limited word so far is done in Pakistan specially in Sindh provin...

The study was carried out to observe the morphological variation between quantitative traits and kinship association of indigenous chicken with the help of 60 mature male birds in 2024. For this purpose data was collected through direct observation of quantitative traits of parameters including head length, chest length right to left wing length, s...

Positive psychology is transformative in developing individuals' self-esteem, life satisfaction, subjective happiness, and social competence. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the impact of self-esteem and overall life satisfaction on perceived social competence in university students while measuring subjective happiness as a...

There is extensive literature on the progress of green alternatives in Pakistan, but there is no evaluation of how the people of Pakistan will respond to these proposed solutions. After conducting a literature review on green alternatives, this paper employs the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework. It utilizes data from the World Values Surv...

Overall bank performance in a particular year or period is important to all banking industry stakeholders, as it indicates their success or failure relative to predetermined targets. Due to conflicting criteria and uncertainties, assessing bank performance is a complicated decision-making problem. The current paper proposes the Fuzzy Level Based We...

This study deals with theme of human embeddedness with nature in the novel, In the City by the Sea by Kamila Shamsie through an ecocritical lens. It analyzes the relationship between humans and their natural surroundings, highlighting the significance of ecological consciousness, environmental degradation, and the potential for harmonious coexis...

Background: Hepatitis C infection (HCV) remains a leading cause of liver cirrhosis, posing a critical health threat worldwide. Objective: This research aimed to provide a contemporary overview of HCV infection and its genotypic distribution in Gujran-wala, Punjab, Pakistan. Additionally, it sought to explore the interrelation between HCV genotypes...

Brucella spp. is the bacterium responsible for brucellosis, a zoonotic infection that affects humans. This disease poses significant health challenges and contributes to poverty, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence, risk factors, and clinical symptoms of human brucellosis within the general population...

We apply a primary healthcare (PHC) perspective to gauge Pakistan’s health systems response to COVID-19, to identify stewardship lessons for integrating the PHC pandemic response. Analysis of Pakistan’s response against the Astana PHC framework shows that the imperative for national survival helped mobilise an agile response across a fragmented hea...

The study aims to analyse the effects of SMS and slang on students' academic writing. Slang has become an epidemic that is quickly spreading over the world. Its primary victims are teenagers, as they are the leading users of mobile phones and all that comes with them. This study looks at the effect of slang on academic writing in Pakistan. The stud...

Background: Seroma development is still a substantial issue following mesh Hernioplasty, and the reason for this is multifaceted. Multiple methods have been tried to combat this problem. Objective: To compare the volume of serous fluid output via drain after mesh repair of a Para-umbilical hernia with or without dead space obliteration. Study Desig...

Pakistan witnessed one of its most devastating floods during the monsoon of 2022, affecting millions of people and causing significant economic losses. The focus of this study is to analyse the spatial and temporal attributes of the 2022 floods in the lower Indus basin using multi-satellite observations and hydrological modelling. We used observati...

Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a significant public health concern, characterized by persistent low mood, anhedonia, and cognitive impairments, leading to substantial morbidity. In Pakistan, the burden of MDD is exacerbated by limited access to effective treatments, particularly for patients who are resistant to conventional pharmac...

In museums’ dynamic and culturally rich environments, employee morale and productivity are crucial for achieving organizational goals. However, employees’ perception of organizational politics can undermine these objectives. Hence, this study investigates the buffering role of authentic leadership in mitigating perceptions of organizational politic...

Firms of all stripes recognize that retaining satisfied customers in the current e-commerce cutthroat and digital market relies on delivering exceptional customer service. This longitudinal study aims to examine the relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, and behavior in an online shopping environment, emphasizing the youth of...

The study aims to investigate acoustic patterns of word stress in Pakistani English (PE) speech. It hypothesizes that lexical stress in Pakistani English modifies acoustic properties and that speakers of English do not differentiate disyllabic words as nouns or verbs based on lexical stress in English. The study offers valuable insights into the va...

I have found that they are the Islamic Scholars and Muslim Cleric that are the bravest and enlightened protectors Moderate Islamic values and culture in Pakistan. Yes, I think extremism in Pakistan is defeated representing acts of immense bravery by Pakistani Army, Pakistani Police, Pakistani Politicians, Pakistani News Media, Pakistani Civil Socie...

This paper aims to explore the historical background of the Two-Nation Theory, analyse its political impact, and evaluate its significance in the modern world. Emerging from colonial India, the theory was rooted in the belief that Hindus and Muslims represented two distinct nations with profound cultural and religious differences, ultimately paving...

We synthesise perinatal mental health (PMH) evidence and provide recommendations for future research and practices in Pakistan. The burden is significantly higher relative to many other countries, with adverse effects on women and children. Few locally developed interventions involving non-specialists have shown promise, but integrating these into...

Introduction In Pakistan, almost one-third of people who develop tuberculosis (TB) are missed by the National TB Program (NTP). A considerable number of people with TB receive treatment in the private sector but remain unnotified. This study documents the outcomes of an intervention to identify people with TB through private pharmacy engagement, bu...

The study investigates the various reasons for the persistent firms’ agglomeration in Punjab to understand if technological advancement and other external economies are driving such clustering. We first quantify agglomeration through the Ellison-Glaeser (EG) index and find evidence that firms choose to cluster in a select few districts only. Howeve...

The study examines how fiscal decentralization affects the education index at the district level in Pakistan's Punjab province, which has five components. Disparities in the distribution of public services have existed throughout Pakistan's history, and current research on regional development emphasizes the importance of evaluating human developme...

Currently, almost half of the world's population lives in urban areas, and it is projected that by 2050, about one-third of the global population will reside in cities. This significant urbanization trend is particularly noticeable in towns in the Global South. One such town is Sialkot, known as the city of Iqbal, an important city in the Punjab pr...

Pakistan, ranking 8th globally in climate change vulnerability faces significant challenges, particularly in Balochistan. This drought-prone province, with over 85% of its population in rural areas, heavily depends on agriculture and livestock. The study investigates rainfall and drought patterns in Balochistan from 1980 to 2016, utilizing precipit...

This study investigated the relationship between social interaction anxiety and general sleep disturbance among overweight individuals, emphasizing the mediating role of body image concerns. A total of 211 participants, aged 20 to 50 years, were recruited from gyms, clinics, and slimming centers in Multan, Pakistan. Participants completed the Gener...

Forest fires pose a significant ecological threat, particularly in the Diamer District, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, where climatic factors combined with human activities have resulted in severe fire incidents. The present study sought to investigate the correlation between the incidence of forest fires and critical meteorological elements, includin...

The largest doctrine of India's foreign policy divides countries into three concentric circles, with Afghanistan in the first circle. Therefore, this country is of special importance in India's foreign policy. The question that can be raised is, what is India's political aim in its foreign relations with Afghanistan? This work employed the doctrina...

Thejourneyofpregnancyormotherhoodistransformative,offeringfulllmentandjoy alongsidenaturalconcerns.Thisphaseentailsbothphysiologicalandemotionalshifts, impacting quality of life. Social support enhances the quality of life by improving coping abilities toeffectivelydealwithprenatalstress.Objective:Toassesspredictiveassociationof perceived stress, p...

Surprisingly innovation process based on deliberate practice has rarely been unearthed that might explore the boundary conditions of the eco-friendly deliberate practice and eco-innovation performance relationship. Anchored on the organizational support theory and the social cognitive, the current study seeks to investigate the impacts of perceived...

A growing number of scientific studies have shown that particulate matter harms the environment and endangers human health. Thus, making timely predictions about airborne particulate matter (PM) concentrations could help the general public to be better organized and avoid excessive exposure to harmful pollutants. This study analyzes the possibility...

Plant breeding programs aim to identify and assess superior genotypes for widespread cultivation. An experiment at the Agriculture Research Station (ARS) Baffa, Mansehra, Pakistan, evaluated 56 wheat genotypes along with two check cultivars (Mansehra 1 and Gulzar 19) under normal and late sowing conditions during the 2022-23 cropping season. Signif...

THE EFFECTS AND CAUSES OF RURAL URBAN MIGRATION IN PAKISTAN

Groundwater arsenic (As), contamination is a significant issue worldwide including China and Pakistan, particularly in canal command areas. In this study, 131 groundwater samples were collected, and three machine learning models [Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)] were employed to predict As concentra...

Background Reference intervals (RIs) are crucial for distinguishing healthy from sick individuals and vary across age groups. Hemoglobinopathies are common in Pakistan, making the quantification of hemoglobin variants essential for screening. Direct RIs are established by measuring values from a healthy reference population, whereas indirect RIs, u...

This research article explores the 'Resurgence of Terrorism in Pakistan' since the withdrawal of NATO from Afghanistan and the Taliban takeover as the interim government of Afghanistan. It was widely believed that once the NATO forces were to pull back from Afghanistan, peace would prevail and bring an end to deadly waves of terrorist attacks in Pa...

This research aims to optimize corridors in Hyderabad, Sindh, to promote modal choice, reduce congestion, and enhance livability. This study focused on developing and evaluating multimodal wide corridor routing methods, analyzing the modal choice behavior of travelers using a generalized cost model and a mixed constant and separate user balance mod...

In this study we assessed the impacts of climate change on the production of wheat in Layyah, Pakistan, for two seasons. The study was carried out with the view of evaluating the effects of temperature and rainfall on biomass production of the wheat crop and consequently on yield and quality of the produce. Weather conditions during the planting, g...

Objectives Despite progress in promoting gender equality, gender bias remains a significant obstacle for women and hinders their academic advancement. We aim to survey and critically analyze women's representation in conferences and changes over time in various regions of Asian countries. Methods An international survey was conducted with represen...

Random Forest (RF) is a widely used machine learning algorithm for crop type mapping. RF's variable importance aids in dimension reduction and identifying relevant multisource hyperspectral data. In this study, we examined spatial effects in a sequential backward feature elimination setting using RF variable importance in the example of a large-sca...

The shisham tree ( Dalbergia sissoo ) is a keystone hardwood species of South Asia, highly valued in economic value in forestry, agroforestry, and landscape horticulture due to its durable, fragrant, and decay-resistant wood. However, shisham's health on both public and private lands is seriously compromised by recurrent outbreaks of dieback diseas...

This study investigated the predictive association of perceived social support, perceived stress, coping with the quality of life of pregnant women in Pakistan. Motherhood is transformative journey of fulfillment, and involves physiological and emotional shifts, impacting QoL. Social support and effective coping helps mother to reduce the detriment...

Keywords Renal function; equations; eGFR; Pakistani Introduction: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is prevalent in Pakistan, necessitating accurate diagnostic methods. This study evaluates the CKD-EPI 2009, CKD-EPI 2021, CKD-EPI Pak, MDRD, and EKFC equations against creatinine clearance (CrCl) to determine their diagnostic accuracy for CKD in the Pakis...

This study explored the role of technology systems in influencing nurses’ intentions to adopt medical applications that enhance their performance and how technology contributes to improvements in hospital systems. The study examines the intention to use technology through the mediating effects of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, with...

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a leading cause of mortality from cardiovascular diseases, accounting for over 75% of such deaths globally, predominantly in developing countries. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the primary risk factors for initial ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction in Khairpur City to infor...

The study’s methodology, which involved a retrospective design and a cross-sectional approach, provided valuable insights, but it also has certain limitations that may have impacted the results. The use of a Likert-scale questionnaire allowed for the collection of self-reported data, which may have introduced bias, as students' perceptions of their...

FinTech companies' involvement in Pakistan's banking industry is essential to improving the country's traditional financial system. This study uses data from the banking industry in Pakistan from 2018 to 2022 to investigate how financial technology (FinTech) affects bank performance. Regression analysis with a data panel fixed effect model is used...

Analysis of economic profitability is essential for establishing the financial viability of any business enterprise. In the context of trout farming in the Pakistani district of Chitral, this study evaluates the financial implications of this profitable and sustainable technique. In July of 2020, a structured questionnaire was used to collect data...

Global climate change threatens the spatiotemporal distribution and resilience of species, especially those in mountainous regions. The Himalaya, a global biodiversity hotspot, harbors one of the richest medicinal plant communities, which are economically significant and contribute to human well-being through their health benefits. However, our und...

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sports participation, mentorship, and stress management among collegiate players. A quantitative research approach was employed, utilizing surveys and standardized scales to assess perceived stress levels, sports experience, mentorship, and stress coping strategies among col...

Because of the recent economic disaster, sustainable corporate performance has become a global demand and green measures have been identified as the prominent answer of these issues in literature. This circumstance has piqued the interest of policy makers and new researchers. The study investigated green transformational leadership as a source of g...

Naegleria fowleri, the causative agent of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM), is commonly found in warm freshwater environments and can enter the brain through nasal passages during activities like swimming or ablution. PAM has a high fatality rate, raising concerns about its global health impact. In Pakistan, particularly in Karachi, a sign...

The study qualitatively analyzed 21 television commercials (TVCs) for fairness creams from Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan, featuring 17 brands. Fair & Lovely was common across all three countries, while other brands varied regionally. Pakistani TVCs showcased high-budget productions, Indian TVCs highlighted reputable regional brands, and Banglades...

Mobile banking (M-Banking) is an extension of internet banking that permits users to easily access online bank facilities through mobile devices. Due to the fast development of information technology, mobile banking has grown noticeably throughout the world, particularly in recent years. The study examines the impact of mobile banking interface des...

A worrying shortage of surface water has been caused by increasing irrigation needs and rapid population development. Since it is It can be difficult to find readily available surface water that can satisfy household and agricultural needs, the need for groundwater has grown. Finding surface water supplies that can support household and farming nee...

We explore business exits in four family business portfolio firms located in Pakistan. Our research objective is to understand why when facing an unexpected situation that violates their expectations (a decline in firm performance), the owners of family business portfolio firms are more likely to retain some businesses in the firm’s portfolio while...

This study investigates the level of library anxiety, its primary causes, and gender-based differences among first-year students at Mehran University of Engineering & Technology (MUET). Data was collected from students in the Architecture, City & Regional Planning, Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering, and Water Resources Engineering & Mana...

Clean drinking water is one of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Despite significant progress in the water purification technology, many regions still lack access to clean water. This paper provides a review of selected water contaminants and their impacts on human health. The World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines and regional...

Objective: This study aimed to enhance the validity of the exam bank at Liaquat National Medical College (LNMC), Karachi, through the development and evaluation of the exam blueprinting process as part of an ongoing quality assurance initiative. Study design and setting: This study was conducted at Liaquat National Medical College (LNMC), Karachi....

Background Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is a frequently prevalent health issue that significantly affects women’s reproductive health. The prompt diagnosis and suitable treatment methods employed by medical professionals determine favorable clinical outcomes of the disease. Objective The present study aimed to explore physicians’ agreement with...

Background Recent epidemiological data shows significant rates of grade 2 disability at point-of-diagnosis among new leprosy cases in Pakistan. This indicates a feature of extensive diagnostic delay; the disability burden appears unmoving and disproportionate to the falling leprosy incidence rates. Therefore, this study was required to understand r...

Background: School teachers often have knee osteoarthritis due to the nature of their work. Objective: To compare the effects of post-isometric exercise and piroxicam on pain and functional impairment in school teachers having knee osteoarthritis. Method: A pragmatic, community-based, double-blinded, randomized clinical trial (IRCT20230202057310N4)...

The need to reduce carbon emissions has become a topic of increasing interest. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of 1814 articles indexed in the Scopus database to evaluate research trends on the carbon footprint of economic growth based on countries, journals, institutions, most productive authors, co-citation, and keyword co-occu...