Pakistan - Science topic

The aim of this study was to estimate the size at first sexual maturity (L m) for 36 species belonging to 24 families from the marine habitat of Balochistan and Sindh in Arabian Sea, Pakistan through maximum length based an empirical and logistic model using commercial catch during June 2020 to May 2021. Individual total length (TL) was noted up to...

The rollout of China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) has benefited Pakistan in getting a faster pace in terms of economic and financial stability. Pakistan has a significant geographical location in the Asian continent. It possesses an enormous renewable energy sources (RES) potential, primarily wind, in its Sindh, Balochistan, and Khyber Pakhtun...

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) involves various projects for the socio-economic development between China and Pakistan. This study determined the fundamental dimensions of sustainability, i.e., socioeconomic opportunities and environmental impacts, with the development of the CPEC road project from Rehmani Khel to Kot Balian Package-2A...

Pakistan, which is positioned in the South Asian sub-continent, occupies a significant climatological location. It is included among the world's few countries which experience a comprehensive transformation from summer all the way to winter season. The variation in precipitation has direct and significant consequences on society. In this ongoing re...

Hydroponic system applications can help alleviate problems caused by changes in agricultural land usage. Many hydroponic researches have been carried out growing different plants, however their applicability in Sindh Pakistan requires some amendment. The research was conducted at Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam to build and analyse a hydropon...

Recent increases in emissions from freight transport have caused strong concerns about air quality in Pakistan, following the rapid development of projects related to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). This study reported the first measurements of on-road truck emissions in Pakistan and investigated their dependence on altitude along CPEC...

Progression in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has changed individuals in innumerable ways. Utilization of innovation can upgrade work environment proficiency, usefulness, and adaptability. However, innovative tools can adversely affect an individual's physiological, Psychological, as well as organizational satisfaction and have lik...

The present study analyzed the predictive association of family structure and emotional intelligence, family structure wise difference and gender difference in emotional intelligence of adolescents. After literature review following hypotheses were formulated: (1) Family structure will predict the emotional intelligence of the participants; (2) The...

Media is playing an important role in portraying Pak-India relations. In the process of supporting or rejecting the issue, the media can set its agenda for this purpose. The study is basically a content analysis of Pakistani Urdu newspapers. It has examined the coverage of "Composite Dialogue between Pakistan and India" in the two Urdu Dailies-The...

Industrialization plays a significant role in the development and growth of a country. Pakistan is one of the developing countries which entirely depends upon their industrial steel sector to meet their economic growth. Pakistan Steel Mills Corporation (PSMC) is a Pakistan's largest steel industry producing tonnes of steel every year but this produ...

Fasciolosis is a severe trematode parasitic infection in sheep and goats caused by fasciola hepatica. It is classified as a chronic tropical disease and is prevalent in more than 50 nations, specifically where sheep and cattle are reared. This illness is more widespread in northern Pakistan, incurring major financial losses due to a decrease in she...

Pakistan has experienced seasonal changes of streamflow, causing a lack of available water resources for agriculture. However, understanding of future seasonal changes of streamflow over Pakistan remains limited. This study assessed the past and future changes in streamflow timing along the four major rivers of Pakistan (Upper Indus, Kabul, Jhelum,...

Purpose: Oilseed production under semiarid conditions in Pakistan is under the threat of thermal stress at the early and later stages of the crop. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of sulfhydryl thiourea on the performance and quality of late sown camelina. Methods: The study comprised of; i) sowing time (ST): ST1=10 November and ST...

Background Understanding health trends and estimating the burden of disease at the national and subnational levels helps policy makers track progress and identify disparities in overall health performance. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides comprehensive estimates for Pakistan. Comparison of health i...

Various field trials were performed at different locations of Punjab, Pakistan to study the effect of trace metals on uptake of iron (Fe) and wheat productivity as well as the health risk assessment by ingestion of wheat grains grown with application of different irrigation sources. The experimental design was laid out in RCBD having four replicati...

Study region The study area comprising Pakistan is distributed in five homogeneous climatic zones. Study focus An integrated five step approach has been used for zonal climate extreme analysis. Seven out of thirteen most appropriate Global Climate Models (GCMs) were selected using Posterior Inclusion Probability in the Bayesian model averaging app...

Background The burden of heart failure (HF) is high globally, but information on its burden in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is limited. This study provides a systematic analysis of the burden and underlying causes of HF in the EMR, including at the country level, between 1990 and 2019. Methods We used the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (G...

The performance of a building project is a key determinant of its ultimate success. The failure of a construction project can be attributed to a variety of issues. Among these criteria, success and long-term sustainability have been identified as crucial. It has been established that social and economic considerations play a considerable effect in...

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are major pests of fruits and vegetables worldwide. We measured the efficacy of attractive lure mixtures in baited traps on naturally-occurring fruit flies in commercial mosaic guava and vegetables fields in Pakistan. We tested three mixtures (methyl-eugenol [ME] and cue lure [CL]; GF-120 and methyl eugenol; and G...

Using WHO framework to conduct a rapid health system performance assessment in Pakistan. Description of methods and data sources is included. Assessment process of the information, data and evidence available to you to establish to what extent your health system is achieving its objectives. Recommendations to maximize the performance in performance...

Distribution Channel Network - Review Report of Dalda Pakistan prepared by the group for the class project - MBA in Supply Chain Management

This paper presents a detailed investigation of a stochastic model that rules the spreading behavior of the measles virus while accounting for the white noises and the influence of immunizations. It is hypothesized that the perturbations of the model are nonlinear, and that a person may lose the resistance after vaccination, implying that vaccinati...

Genome-wide association studies have greatly increased the number of T2DM associated risk variants but most of them have focused on populations of European origin. There is scarcity of such studies in developing countries including Pakistan. High prevalence of T2DM in Pakistani population prompted us to design this study. We have devised a two stag...

Despite high diversity in the Oriental region, ticks of the genus Haemaphysalis have been ne-glected regarding their genetic data and vector potential. This study aimed to genetically characterize three species of the genus Haemaphysalis: Haemaphysalis cornupunctata, Haemaphysalis kash-mirensis, and Haemaphysalis montgomeryi infesting goats and she...

Aeolesthes sarta (Solsky 1871) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is a polyphagous longhorned beetle species that primarily damages broadleaved tree species. This pest is distributed in the western and northern regions of Pakistan, where it caused serious damage to Populus spp. plantations. However, the growth and dispersal patterns of insects and pests ar...

The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a strategic economic project aiming at increasing regional connectivity for economic development. The economic corridor will connect Pakistan's Gwadar port with Kashgar in Western China between 2014 and 2030 by developing a transport infrastructure network consisting of road and rail. It is not only ex...

Abstract Objective: To determine the prevalence of staphylococcus aureus in nasal carriers of healthy individuals and to evaluate their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, from October 2016 to April 2017, and comprised samples collect...

Analysis of Outfitter in the light of Brand Management. In this I analyse Brand element, selecting brand element and leveraging secondary Brand associations .

Objective: To determine the effect of parental dental anxiety level on acceptance of non–pharmacological behavior management strategies used in pediatric dentistry Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Pediatric department of FUCDH Pakistan over five months. It was carried out through a pre-validated questionnaire. Behavior m...

The brilliant effect of the Buddha not only strengthens Buddhist believers’ psychological effects of worship, consecration, and showing off of merits, but also becomes an important dissemination method to attract the public to join in. Starting from the golden skin of ancient Buddha statues, this paper analyzes the relevant historical documents and...

This study aimed to analyze heavy metals and microbiological quality of ground water (GW) and surface water samples (SW) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Different parameters including color, turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, salinity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), heavy metal ions detection, total dissolved solids (TDS) and detection...

Teaching has been classified as a career with a high level of stress. New developments, such as the increased use of technology and the diversification of teaching roles, may exacerbate the already high levels of stress being experienced by educators. The purpose of this research is to ascertain the incidence of mental distress in the form of depre...

This chapter explores the fight of the state of Pakistan and its institutions against religious extremism in Swat district, KP, Pakistan. It examines the origin of the issue and the policy of initial negligence or half-hearted efforts of the state and its institutions to solve the issue and then gradual successes of the State and its institutions i...

Our lifestyle has its effects on the design and layout of house which also in turn affects the housing market. The function of the space is one important factor affecting interactions. In the last few decades, an important change has occurred in the layout of houses in terms of designation of spaces for specific functions as seen, in Pakistan. This...

This study examines the moderating role of workplace culture between the dimensions of curiosity and teachers' creativity. Joyous exploration, stress tolerance, deprivation sensitivity, and social curiosity have been used as the dimensions of curiosity. The population of the study included teachers working in schools in Pakistan. The data has been...

Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic showed distinct waves where cases ebbed and flowed. While each country had slight, nuanced differences, lessons from each wave with country-specific details provides important lessons for prevention, understanding medical outcomes and the role of vaccines. This paper compares key characteristics from the five differ...

It is devastating to people’s mental and emotional health to be exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic and the multifaceted response strategies are required to curb it. As a result of social distancing and self-isolation, people have faced many challenges in their lives. The suffering is even greater at the workplace where the employees are working with...

Saline conditions affect plant development and significantly reduce its yield. Maize (Zea mays) is the one of main cash crops in Pakistan, and unfavourable saline conditions are among the core reasons for its reduced productivity, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. The identification of potential genotypes is essential for genetic modificati...

Introduction Reading is an attempt to comprehend the writer’s message for personal growth and success in the relevant fields. Thus, psychologists consider it a multifaceted cognitive process of constructing meanings from texts. The present study was conducted to determine the relationships among students’ reading habits, study skills, and academic...

This study will explain the impact of China-Pak Economic Corridor (CPEC) on logistic system of China and Pakistan. This project is estimated investment of US $90 billion, CPEC project is consists of various sub-projects including energy, road, railway and fiber optic cable but major portion will be spent on energy. This project will start from Kash...

The objective of present study determines the role of work characteristics on employee performance in banking sector of Hyderabad, Pakistan. The primary data is collected from top five banks as suggested Stated Bank of Pakistan. The middle level employees are requested to fill the voluntary filled the self-administrative printed questionnaire durin...

The Mental health development of youth is an ignoring factor in our societies, communities, workplace and even then, in the academic institutions. Every aspect of growth depends on the health and most probability on the mental health. The Purpose of this study to find out the socioeconomic determinants of mental health with the mediating role of em...

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation is a mechanism to cut down GHG emissions and protect the threatened forest ecosystems. Pakistan is suffering from high forest degradation and deforestation rates, but recent plantations under BTTAP have created a significant impact. This study was designed to identify the LULC changes, fo...

In July and August of 2022, unprecedented and long-lasting heatwaves attacked central and eastern China (CEC); and the most affected area was in the Yangtze River (YR) basin. The extreme heatwaves and associated drought and wildfire had significant social impacts, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Observational analysis indicates that t...

This research article based to determine the relationship among the Inflation in prices, GDP growth and Exchange rate of Pakistan in last thirty years from 1988 to 2018. This analysis has been done in perception of the impact of inflation of prices and devaluation of currency on the economic growth of Pakistan. It has been analyzed by taking data d...

This study, while detailing the processes of securitisation and de-securitisation of a non-traditional security issue, deliberates on the water scarcity in Pakistan. It addresses the question that whether the problem of not giving importance to water scarcity lies with the ‘intent’ or ‘capacity’ of the actors – the elite. Or the securitisation is d...

This paper presents the MINDED-FBA, a remote-sensing-based tool for the determination of both flooded and burned areas. The tool, freely distributed as a QGIS plugin, consists of an adaptation and development of the previously published Multi Index Image Differencing methods (MINDED and MINDED-BA). The MINDED-FBA allows the integration and combinat...

Modern means of communication, economic crises, and political decisions play imperative roles in reshaping political and administrative systems throughout the world. Twitter, a micro-blogging website, has gained paramount importance in terms of public opinion-sharing. Manual intelligence of law enforcement agencies (i.e., in changing situations) ca...

This research investigated the best economically viable power source with the least environmental impact and socially acceptable for the maize crop. Maize is one of the key economic crops in Pakistan. Solar-, electric-, and diesel-powered drip irrigation systems (DIS) were considered for comparative study. We selected 45 sites of maize crop to coll...

Background Severe mental illness (SMI) presents a major challenge worldwide, affecting approximately 5–8% of the world’s population. It causes significant distress to affected people, families and wider communities, generating high costs through loss of productivity and ongoing healthcare use. Over 75% of patients with psychosis receive inadequate...

A pesar de que las transfusiones de sangre son intervenciones terapéuticas que salvan la vida de millones de personas cada año en todo el mundo, el acceso a sangre o hemocomponentes seguros sigue siendo un importante desafío, puesto que son una importante vía para transmitir enfermedades de transmisión transfusional (ETT); por lo cual, es de gran i...

The present study is designed to monitor the spatio-temporal changes in forest cover using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information system (GIS) techniques from 1990 to 2017. Landsat data from 1990 (Thematic mapper [TM]), 2000 and 2010 (Enhanced Thematic Mapper [ETM+]), and 2013 to 2017 (Operational Land Imager/Thermal Infrared Sensor [OLI/TI...

NPM1 mutation is emerging as significant prognostic marker of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinical outcome of the patients with NPM1 mutation has a good prognostic impact and responds well to therapy. This study was carried out with the objective to see the frequency of NPM1 mutations in AML patients in Pakistan. Materials and Methods: We studied...

DISCOVERY AND DISTRIBUTION OF ROOT LESION NEMATODE PRATYLENCHUS NEGLECTUS IN WHEAT FIELDS NARC PAKISTAN

The influence of board diversity and auditing on corporate performance By researching listed corporations in Pakistan, the paper explores the influence of board diversity and quality audit on financial performance. The diversity of the board is studied in terms of nationality and gender. Audit is studied in terms of audit quality and audit cost. Al...

Based on case studies of seven (attempted) lynchings in Pakistan, we argue that they can be considered lynching rituals, which are instrumental in a context of political strife. 'Shrpsnd anasr' (agi-tators) play an important role as ritual engineers; they assemble crowds by spreading rumours and vocalizing accusations, use rhythmic chanting and slo...

For the past few years, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been a topic of great interest in dentistry. There has been an exponential increase in the usage of AI-based technology in daily dental practice. AI applications are being routinely used to assist dental practitioners in the diagnosis and treatment planning of patients. The purpose of this st...

Pakistan's conventional feed supply is rapidly depleting, forcing the country to turn to non-conventional sustainable feed to meet the demand of the livestock and fishery sectors. The current study investigates the effect of pH on the nutritional composition of Lemna minor L., a freshwater macrophyte and a potential alternative feed. Fronds were gr...

This paper looks into the role and working of the federal cabinet of Pakistan from 1988 to 1993. It seeks how well or not the institution of Cabinet was involved in the fields of economic policy-formulation and in designing foreign policy? It also pursues how policy-making had been affected and some weak or wrong decisions had been taken, without c...

Purpose: The main objective of this research was to examine the importance of training and development in the workplace. Methodology: Several dimensions of employee performance were analyzed, including productivity, job satisfaction, employee satisfaction, employee commitment, and decision-making. An adopted five Likert scale questionnaire was...

Background: Haemophilia B is X-linked recessive inherited disorder of factor IX deficiency. It is classified as severe, moderate and mild depending upon plasma levels of factor IX. The development of inhibitors is seen during treatment of haemophilia B against FIX. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of different complications in haemop...

To study the kind and trend of clinical trials registered with the Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP), as well as the relevance of clinical trial registration in the discipline of dentistry. Methods-A Retrospective Study was done by the department of Community Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro. The Stu...

Since the establishment of Pakistan in 1947 the miracle happened, under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Jinnah the minority converted into majority. The Quaid addressed in 1st Constitutional assembly of Pakistan announced equal rights for every citizen of Pakistan and too much focused on minorities of Pakistan for their equal rights. The constitutio...

Some hospital emergency departments (EDs) suffer from prolonged patient wait times, which decreases hospital productivity. The factors influencing normal ED patient wait times are therefore crucial for hospital administrators to be aware of. An emergency severity index (ESI) and patient flow model for emergency departments were both tested in this...

According to a plethora of research and publications, the volume and amount of pollution are largely attributable to human-made emissions. Even during the recently ended Covid-19 outbreak, there was a notable decrease in global pollution, particularly in Pakistan’s heavily populated cities. Due to the current situation, it is strategically importan...

Autosomal recessive congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED2) may be misdiagnosed as primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) due to similar clinical phenotypes during early infancy. In this study, we identified a family with CHED2, which was previously misdiagnosed as having PCG, and followed up for 9 years. Linkage analysis was first completed...

CKD-5 treatment is expensive and inaccessible for the majority of the Pakistani population. QOL is a valuable research tool in assessing the outcome of therapeutic interventions in chronic diseases. Unfortunately, there is no information available on the QOL in CKD-5 patients in Pakistan. In this present study, we sought to compare the difference b...

North Pakistan Rights Movement

To evaluate the oral health status and dental treatment needs of flood-affected and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) of interior Sindh, Pakistan. Methods-A descriptive cross-sectional study was done by the department

The production of tomato in Pakistan is affected by Helicoverpa armigera, which causes significant crop loss. Farmers mostly use insecticides to control the pest, but an excessive and indiscriminate use of these products has resulted in environmental and health hazards. Trichogramma is promoted as an alternative bio-control method. This study aimed...