Oxygen - Science topic

This paper critically interrogates the role of news media in mainstreaming, normalizing and amplifying contemporary far-right political actors, parties, and movements in the twenty-first century. Through a critical interdisciplinary literature review and two qualitative case studies of high-profile media interviews with former Trump administration...

Recycling plastic in asphalt pavement holds potential for environmental and economic benefits. However, its performance after prolonged exposure to heat, oxygen, sunlight, and moisture remains uncertain, casting doubt on its viability. In this study, various types of recycled plastics were incorporated into porous asphalt mixtures and exposed to lo...

A high-Mn austenitic steel Fe-14Cr-12Ni-10Mn-3Cu-2.5Al-1Nb was tested at 500 °C in static Pb-Bi eutectic for 10000 h. In the course of the test, oxygen concentration in liquid metal was cycled from ∼10-6 to ∼10-9 mass%, which provides oxidation and dissolution regimes, respectively. After 10000 h exposure steel showed formation of ferrite corrosion...

An effective nonmetal F‐doped Co3O4 (F‐Co3O4) catalyst was prepared using co‐precipitation method, and its catalytic performance was investigated for N2O decomposition comparing with pure Co3O4 catalyst. The catalytic activity test indicates that F‐Co3O4 catalyst exhibits better activity with 100% N2O conversion at a reaction temperature of 380 °C,...

Multiple linear regression modeling was used to analyze Covid-19 data, which represents the number of infections in Iraq for the year 2019, in order to find occupational discrepancies between the dependent variable (age) and the independent factors under discussion. This was carried out in addition to the correlation value. Following statistical an...

This study focused at how the resistance of carbon iron to electrochemical corrosion was effected by the chemical and physical characteristics of the Tigris River water at different locations of Wasit City. For each of these four locations, models were obtained. Al-Ahrar, Al-Kut, Al-Zubaidiyah, and Al-Numaniyah. Models were obtained for four of the...

Tetrahedral, pyramidal, and octahedral metal‐oxygen coordinated ligands are fundamental components in all metal‐oxide structures. Understanding the impacts of their spatiotemporal behaviors during electrochemical oxidation is crucial for diverse applications, yet remains unsolved due to challenges in designing model oxides and conducting operando c...

The Li0.5Ni0.6Zn0.15Fe2O4 (Q), Li0.5Ni0.5Zn0.25Fe2O4 (R) ferrite samples have been synthesized by solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern confirms the formation of cubic spinel structure with lattice constants 8.378, 8.397 Å respectively. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show grain size in the range of few micromet...

Ploughing plays a crucial role in soil preparation by loosening the upper soil layers, breaking up clods, and creating an environment conducive for seed sowing. This study was designed to assess the impact of various plough types on soil preparation in Imanyiro Sub-County, Mayuge District. Specifically, it aimed to examine the influence of tractor...

Bismuth‐doped fibers (BDFs) are renowned in wideband amplification due to their numerous gain bands, such as O, E, S, and U. However, the low amplification coefficient and excessive usage length hinder its further application, how to achieve a high amplification coefficient remains an unresolved challenge. In this study, a high‐efficiency bismuth‐d...

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Die Kombination unterschiedlicher Methoden in der Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) wird als multiparametrische MRT (mpMRT) beschrieben und nimmt in der Brustkrebsdiagnostik einen großen Stellenwert ein. Derzeit inkludiert die mpMRT die kontrastmittelverstärkte und diffusionsgewichtete MRT. Für eine umfassendere Charakter...

Defect engineering, as an effective means to improve catalyst performance, can not only generate efficient catalytic active sites but also provide charge and energy transfer channels. In this study, a manganese ion-doped (Mn²⁺) W18O49 catalyst was synthesized using a solvothermal method to enhance its catalytic performance for the degradation of ci...

The orbital modulation and surface lattice reconstruction represent an effective strategy to regulate the interaction between catalyst interface sites and intermediates, thereby enhancing catalytic activity and selectivity. In this study, the crystal surface of Au−K/CeO2 catalyst can undergo reversible transformation by tuning the coordination envi...

A novel meso-scale 3-channel 5-turn Swiss-roll type combustor was designed and tested. The non-catalytic combustion of lean ethanol-air mixtures was experimentally investigated in relation to the oxygen excess ratio (α), which varied from 1.5 to 7. Depending on the control parameters used, two distinct regimes of combustion were experimentally obse...

The goal of this study was to use ¹⁸O-enriched water to better understand the role of H2O in high-temperature oxidation. Seven model and three commercial M-Cr and M-Cr-Al alloys were studied in air with 10% of H2O at 800 °C for 5 h. Oxygen from water vapor was more reactive than oxygen from the air and ¹⁸O enriched at the outermost layers of the fo...

The topological properties of gapped graphene have been explored for valleytronics applications. Prior transport experiments indicated their topological nature through large nonlocal resistance in Hall-bar devices, but the origin of this resistance was unclear. This study focused on dual-gate bilayer graphene (BLG) devices with naturally cleaved ed...

The mechanisms of oxygen diffusion in brain capillaries have not been fully clarified to date. According to the laws of physics, the well-documented phenomenon of hyperoxemia-induced excessive increases in brain tissue oxygen pressure (PbtO2) contradicts traditional models of cerebral capillary oxygen diffusion. Circulating models predict a signifi...

The total and differential cross-sections and final state distribution for mutual neutralization in collisions of Li+ with O− were calculated using an ab initio quantum mechanical approach based on potential energy curves and non-adiabatic coupling elements computed with the multi-reference configuration interaction method. The final state distribu...

The addition of oxygen or nitrogen in refractory high-entropy alloys (HEAs) has been widely reported, but studies on boron-doped HEAs have mainly focused on the segregation of boron elements at grain boundaries. The changes in the microstructure and mechanical properties in TiZrNb-based HEAs remain enigmatic. In this work, boron-doped Ti35Zr30V10Nb...

The human lungs, crucial for supplying oxygen, are vulnerable to diseases such as lung cancer, a leading cause of mortality. Timely prediction of lung cancer is essential to enable early intervention by healthcare professionals, enhancing patient outcomes and saving lives. This study introduces a comprehensive Machine Learning (ML) model designed t...

High-intensity training (HIT) has commonly been the most effective training method for improvement in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and work economy, alongside a substantial volume of low-intensity training (LIT). The polarized training model combines both low-and high-intensity training into a specific training intensity distribution and has gain...

The coexistence of single atoms and nanoparticles is shown to increase the oxygen reduction performance in Fe‐N‐C electrocatalysts, but the mechanisms underlying this synergistic effect remain elusive. In this study, model Fe‐N‐C electrocatalysts with controlled ratios of FeN4 sites and Fe3C nanoclusters is systematically designed and synthesized....

Coupled non-linear Schrödinger equations are crucial in describing dynamics of many-particle systems. We present a quantum imaginary time evolution (ITE) algorithm as a solution to such equations in the case of nuclear Hartree-Fock approach. Under a simplified Skyrme interaction model, we calculate the ground state energy of an oxygen-16 nucleus an...

Oxoboranes (R‐BO) are transient species that rapidly trimerise to form boroxines. To date, the only method used to stabilise oxoboranes is to add a Lewis base, but this forms a three‐coordinate at boron oxoborane that has a different bonding/reactivity profile. Herein we report a base‐free, two‐coordinate oxoborane that is isolated as a Lewis adduc...

Ce-based catalysts have been widely used in the removal of nitrogen oxides from industrial flue gas because of their good catalytic performance and environmental friendliness. However, the mechanism of alkali metal poisoning in Ce-based catalysts remains to be further studied. This work involves the preparation of the K/Na-poisoned CeWTi catalyst v...

To alleviate the destructive alteration of the glass layer surface caused by gas evolution during the oxygen‐blocking process of the HfB2‐MoSi2‐SiC coating, CeO2 was incorporated to modify HfB2‐MoSi2‐SiC coating, and the anti‐oxidation mechanism at 1700°C in air was investigated. Compared with the unmodified HfB2‐MoSi2‐SiC coating, the addition of...

Background Dexamethasone has been widely used in treating severe COVID-19 patients due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, its long-term impact on mortality remain unclear. Objective To evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on short-term (28-day) and long-term (1-year) mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and to explore its efficac...

Back and double gate IGZO nFETs have been demonstrated down to 120nm and 70nm respectively leveraging 300mm fab processing. While the passivation of oxygen vacancies in IGZO is challenging with an integration of front side gate, a scaled back gated flow has been optimized by multiplying design of experiments around contacts and material engineering...

This review focuses on recirculation in the context of Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Life Support in adults. The methods employed to calculate and quantify the extent of recirculation, as well as factors affecting recirculation and interventions that could reduce recirculation, are detailed. As recirculation may significantly reduce extracorporeal oxy...

Elemental doping is widely used to improve the performance of cathode materials in lithium‐ion batteries. However, macroscopic/statistical investigation on how doping sites are distributed in the material lattice, despite being a key prerequisite for understanding and manipulating the doping effect, has not been effectively established. Herein, to...

To satisfy the needs of modern intelligent society for power supplies with long-endurance ability, Li-rich Mn-based layered oxides (LRMOs) are receiving much attention because of their ultrahigh capacity. However, their real-world implementation is hindered by the serious voltage decay, which results in a continuous decrease in energy density. The...

Disease No contagious, especially Fail Kidney Chronic (GGK), is problem significant health impacts in Indonesia, with prevalence increase from 2.0 to 3.8% in 2018. Hemodialysis is therapy main used for handling GGK, which is done on average two to three times per week. Research This aiming for identify difference Vital signs of GGK patients before...

(100), (101), and (111) Au surfaces with chemisorbed oxygen of varying coverages are studied using density and hybrid functional theories and experiments. This clarifies the work function (f), surface structures, stability, and density of states. f of the (100), (101), and (111) Au surfaces calculated using the hybrid functional is 5.06-5.23 eV, an...

Propylene oxide plays a pivotal role as an organic synthesis intermediate, boasting extensive downstream applications and promising market prospects. Propene epoxidation via molecular oxygen has garnered considerable attention due to its cost‐effectiveness, environmental friendliness, ease of operation, and straightforward product separation. This...

Flavin‐dependent enzymes catalyze a panoply of chemical transformations essential for living organisms. Through oxygen activation, flavoenzymes could generate diverse flavin‐oxygen species that mediate numerous redox and non‐redox transformations. In this review, we highlight the extensive oxygen activation chemistry at two sites of the flavin cofa...

At room temperature, K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 ceramic particles were tested for sensing. This study synthesized K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 particles using molten salts. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were employed to understand the material. The gas-sensing properties of a novel material family are greatly improved. Sodium potassium niobate g...

The chemical abundance measurements of host stars and their substellar companions provide a powerful tool to trace the formation mechanism of the planetary systems. We present a detailed high-resolution spectroscopic analysis of a young M-type star, DH Tau A, which is located in the Taurus molecular cloud belonging to the Taurus-Auriga star-forming...

Freshwater pollution is, together with climate change, one of today’s most severe and pervasive threats to the global environment. Comprehensive and spatially explicit scenarios covering a wide range of constituents for freshwater quality are currently scarce. In this Global Perspective paper, we propose a novel model-based approach for five water...

We propose a new, simple and efficient procedure of light-driven deoxygenation of solutions based on hydroperoxides formation upon irradiation. Efficient and fast removal of molecular oxygen is caused by photosensitized generation of singlet oxygen, which then reacts with the solvent (2-methyltetrahydrofuran or tetrahydrofuran). Oxygen depletion ma...

The title compound, C5H2Cl3NO, is almost planar. In the crystal, the mol­ecules form centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded dimers through pairwise O—H⋯N inter­actions to generate R²2(8) loops.

The accumulation of copper ions plays an important role in the apoptosis of cancer cells. Definition of copper death: Copper death (Cuproptosis) is a new form of programmed cell death caused by excessive copper. Copper ions can participate in multiple cellular signaling pathways and promote the growth and division of cancer cells. Copper ions are i...

The family of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF) is typically activated by low oxygen concentrations. We observed a transient increase of the HIF-1α protein levels during the G1 phase of the cell cycle, designated as G1-HIF. This cell cycle-regulated form of HIF ensures cell proliferation and survival under conditions of metabolic stress...

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) are widely regarded as a highly potential alternative power source, chiefly owing to the superior safety characteristics. Vanadium-based compounds, especially V2O5 cathode materials, have been widely studied due to the advantages of suitable working voltage windows and highly reversible redox reactions. Neverthele...

Coincidence Doppler Broadening Spectroscopy (CDBS) was employed to analyze ten simple oxides and compare them to their corresponding non-oxidized pure elements to identify the spectral signature attributable to oxygen. Despite variations among the oxidized elements, the resulting spectra exhibited consistent features—when referenced against the oxi...

This study presents the most current research in the field of materials science and engineering aimed at improving the properties of materials through surface deposition. Thermal deposition methods are intended to create superficial layers with high properties to improve the performance of materials. The improvement of the microstructural, mechanic...

In contrast to combustion, gasification is assumed to be caused by a lack of oxygen. One can remove this paradigm by inverting the causality chain: the gasification process is not the result but the origin of less oxygen consumption (compared to combustion). A new construction principle for gasifiers derives from this, and a gasifier built accordin...

The hybrid ONIOM(PBE1PBE/6‐31(d,p):MNDO) method of calculation was used to study the C4H7⁺ system on zeolite Y. The calculations involved the ionic bicyclobutonium and cyclopropylcarbinyl cations and the alkoxides (allylcarbinyl, cyclobutyl, and cyclopropylcarbinyl), which are covalently bonded to the zeolite framework. The structures of the carboc...

Thick film indium oxide chemiresistive sensors decorated with PdO and PtO2 particles were investigated for oxygen detection under humid conditions (tested ranging from 20%–80% RH) across a temperature range of 50 °C to 400 °C. The PtO2-decorated In2O3 sensors demonstrated a significantly higher response to oxygen, showing a 500% increase at 200 °C...

The recent development of photoredox and energy transfer catalysis has led to a significant expansion of visible‐light‐driven chemical transformations. These methods have demonstrated exceptional efficiency in converting a wide range of substrates into radical intermediates and generating open‐shell catalytic species. However, the simplification of...

Carbon‐carbon bond forming reactions are powerful synthetic tools for constructing organic molecular frameworks. In this study, strongly Lewis acidic bis(pentafluorophenyl)boron enolates were generated from alkynes through oxygen transfer from 2,6‐dibromopyridine N‐oxide using tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane [B(C6F5)3]. Boron enolates were highly rea...

Low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) and poor cycling performance are the pain points that hinder the commercialization of silicon monoxide (SiO) anode materials. Unfortunately, disproportionation commonly used to enhance cycling performance significantly reduces prelithiation efficiency, making it difficult to achieve both high‐ICE and long‐cycl...

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The irregular and deep cracks induced by thermal shock in Al2O3 ceramics were repaired by applying Cu powder layer on their surface and heating at 1200 °C under an atmosphere of air. The Al-Cu-O liquid phase formed at 1200 °C by the reaction of molten Cu, oxygen, and Al2O3 phases penetrate deep into the narrow cracks, and the precipitation phases o...

Manganese‐based compounds have the characteristics of high theoretical capacity, low cost and stable performance, thus become a research hotspot for cathode materials of zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs). However, in the process of charging and discharging, it is accompanied by problems such as structural collapse and low conductivity, which resulted in se...

The aquatic biology is considered one of most biologically diverse, in the nature due to its ability of adaptation with different environmental conditions. These adaptations are compatible with the aquatic body needs to use minimum energy. According to the Oxygen requirements, some of the fish appeared active and other appeared inactive. The gills...

The double detonation is a widely discussed explosion mechanism for Type Ia supernovae, whereby a helium shell detonation ignites a secondary detonation in the carbon/oxygen core of a white dwarf. Even for modern models that invoke relatively small He shell masses, many previous studies have found that the products of the helium shell detonation le...

Objective Nurses are key in administering oxygen therapy and managing its potential adverse effects in medical settings. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding low-flow oxygen therapy and humidification among nurses. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2024 to March 2024 at...