Science topic

Oxidative Stress - Science topic

A disturbance in the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in favor of the former, leading to potential damage. Indicators of oxidative stress include damaged DNA bases, protein oxidation products, and lipid peroxidation products (Sies, Oxidative Stress, 1991, pxv-xvi).
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effect of heavy metals and oxidative stress on human body which journal is preferred to publish this article with free of charge and with a few duration of time fast publishing?
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  1. Antioxidants: This journal focuses on the molecular mechanisms of antioxidants and oxidative stress. It has an impact factor of 3.5 and offers open-access publication. The average time from submission to publication is approximately 2-3 months.MDPI
  2. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH): This journal covers environmental health topics, including the impact of heavy metals on human health. It has an impact factor of 2.8 and provides open-access publication. The average processing time is about 2-3 months.
  3. Toxics: Focusing on toxicology and environmental health, this journal has an impact factor of 2.3 and offers open-access publication. The average time from submission to publication is approximately 2-3 months.
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What is the role of oxidative stress in toxin-induced carcinogenesis?
I am currently researching the impact of environmental toxins on children's health and would greatly appreciate insights from experts in the field. If you are an expert or researcher working on these issues, I would love to connect and discuss further. Please provide your WhatsApp number if you are interested in discussing recent issues related to kids' health.
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Oxidative stress means a sharp increase in the production of free oxygen radicals and organic radicals generated by them. Accordingly, the concentration of DNA-toxic metabolites of various exogenous and endogenous substances increases. It is quite possible, also the metabolites of the toxin you are studying.
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So, I am working on a small protein (X) of Haloferax volcanii. It shows these results:
1. Mutant strain grows poorlycompared to wild type strain under low iron condition.
2. Growth of Mutant strain bettercompared to wild type under high iron condition.
With each subsequent passaging in low iron, growth of mutant strain keeps getting worse and worse.
3. Mutant strain showing less resistance to H2O2 stress.
4. It is surrounded by two iron related genes (dpsA, iron repressor).
My approach :
1. Looking at its translation level (westernblot) in low,standard and high iron.
2. Via northern blot, look for expression of neighbouring genes under mentioned iron conditions.
What else can I do??
some assays??
Will be grateful for your precious suggestions.
Thanks
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Tim Habenicht That is deletion mutant. but I do have expression mutant too, for analysis at translational level (Westernblot etc).
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I bought a lipid peroxidation kit from Sigma and I want to get kits to measure nitrates, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione. Each one of those kits comes with a different lysis buffer. But to use all those different lysis buffers I would need a lot of samples. What I am wondering is, there is any solution that I could homogenize my samples with that should be compatible with all those tests?
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Dear Danielle.
For several decades now, I have regularly measured the activities of a large number of antioxidant enzymes and several substrates, including the reduced and oxidized forms of glutathione, on various types of cells or tissues.
I haven't used chemical lysis for a long time. I prefer mechanical lysis, using ultrasonic disruption. I proceed on samples that are still frozen, onto which I pour a buffer, such as PBS or other, without any different component. I deliver the ultrasound to the still-frozen sample pellets. I proceed over 20 to 30 seconds, pulsing 10% of the cycle. The energy released should not be too strong. The tube in which I sonicate is immersed in ice to avoid heating the sample. Samples prepared this way are compatible with the many assays I perform. Fast operation ensures safety, and dosing is done in a flash.
For glutathione, the sample must undergo acid treatment immediately after homogenization to avoid further degradation, which is very rapid. To this end, an aliquot of the homogenate is poured into a 2% PCA solution.
I hope this will help you in your research.
Best regards.
Marc
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in the Parkinson's model created with 6-OHDA, the application is performed unilaterally intrastriatically. after tretment, should the dopamine level be measured through the striatum on the side where the lesion occurs? or how should I decide which brain hemisphere to use for examining various parameters (oxidative stress and apoptosis)?
I would be glad if you help me.
Thank you very much in advance.
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While several studies of unilateral 6-OHDA injection in the medial forebrain bundle of mice analyze the contralateral side of the brain for motor and neuropathological features related to Parkinson's disease.
There are many other studies too that compare both the regions for neurotransmitter levels and neuropathological features.
Please find the protocol attached for unilateral injection and selection of the brain region.
Thanks,
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Hello everyone,
To examine oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis parameters in the brain tissue of a Parkinson's model rat, should i select specific regions in the brain or can i use total brain tissue homogenate?
I'm open to any kind of advice.
Thank you in advanve.
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Hi, Naile Merve Güven
Analysis of brain regions such as the substantia nigra, striatum, brainstem nuclei, cortex, and hippocampus is commonly conducted in rat models of PD. These areas are crucial because they show the neuroinflammatory reactions, changed neurotransmitter levels, and neuronal degeneration typical of PD. Examining these domains facilitates comprehension of the disease's dopaminergic neuron degeneration, protein aggregation, and cognitive impairments. While utilizing total brain tissue homogenate offers a more comprehensive evaluation, focusing on particular brain regions enables a more precise investigation. Ultimately, the decision is based on your study’s goals, the resources you have at your disposal, and the amount of detail needed.
Good luck!
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Do you have any suggestions, which SPE cartiges to use for markers of oxidation stress? I do a LC-MS analysis of quite various group of analytes, including bases (e.g. hydroxyguanosine), acids (e.g. ascorbic acid), aminoacids and peptides (e.g. tyrosine, glutathion), and also lipophilic substances (isoprostanes etc.). What first came to my mind was the HLB sorbent. But is there any other/better option? Or should I rather make two extraction protocols, for example one for the lipophilics and bases (maybe MCX?) and second for the acids and aminoacids?
I will be extracting those markers from serum or cell/tissue extracts, so I need to get rid of mainly proteins, phospholipides, anorganic ions.
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You need to fully understand the property of your target analytes and your marrix interference in your sample that you want to keep or get rid of. In your case, your targets are low concentration of the combination of neutral, acid, and basic small molecules. Your matrix interference are high concentration of large molecules of protein/peptides/phospholpids in the serum. You have at least two options to eliminate the majority of proteins by using a) acetonitrile crash (mix 1 part of serum and 3 parts of acetonitrile. Protein molecules will precipitate out of the solution and your analyes will be in a solution of 1:3 water:acetonitrile. The second way is SPE from Phenomenex or Waters or Agilent that will capture protein/phospholipids. Please do the Google search on these products. . Once you get rid of protein/ phospholipids in the samples, you need to capture your analytes and eliminate small polar/ionic compounds to minimi the matrix suppression at the Ion-spray interface of your LCMS instrument. The mixed mode SPE (MCX or MAX) will be a good choice because one cartridge will be needed. Please study further from the Waters application note of this product on the internet. Essentially if you use MCX, it has affinity for neutral/acidic compounds via reversed-phase mode and retain basic analyte via the cation-exchange mode. You diute the sample with warer to lowere the concentration of organic solvent in the sample and lower the pH with acid. At this condition, the acid analyte will not ionize and retain on the stationary phase along with the neutral ones. The basic analytes will ionizeband has positive charge and stay at the stationary phase. The small polar neut molecule such as sugar and small metal ions will pass thru. you can wash the SPE with water and may be 10% methanol/ water. To elute all anayte, you will use methanol having high pH (1% ammonia).
hope this helps.
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Neurological disorders include a variety of conditions including Alzheimer’s, Motor Neuron and Parkinson’s disease, affecting longevity and quality of life and these have been associated with oxidative stress. Several of the chronic neurodegenerative pathologies of the central nervous system share some common features, such as oxidative stress, closely related to inflammation, synapse dysfunctions, protein misfolding, and defective autophagia. Sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress, relating oxidative damage with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Antioxidants can powerfully neutralise ROS and free radicals, decreasing oxidative damage. Antioxidant genes, like manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD-2) enzymes, can undergo epigenetic changes that reduce its expression, thus increasing oxidative stress in tissue or DNA can be altered by free radical damage. The epigenetic landscape of these genes can alter antioxidant function and can result in neurodegenerative disease. This imbalance of free radical production and antioxidant function increase the ROS that cause neuronal cell damage, often observed as an age-related event. Familial MND is associated with SOD-1 antioxidant gene polymorphism and function.
Increased antioxidant expression in mice is protective against ROS in neurons as is the exogenous supplementation of antioxidants. The associated manganese deficiency observed in Alzheimer’s suggests that this transition metal could be supplemented in deficient patients or SOD—2 therapy considered for age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
A new mimetic of SOD-2, Avasopasem manganese (GC4419 AVA), is described and suggested as putative treatment to reduce the oxidative stress that causes neurodegenerative diseases.
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Recent publication on the topic
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Hello everyone! I am new to this platform, I am looking for this book: "Bioquimica del estres Oxidativo" (Diego Camps, 2010)
I would like to know if anyone has it in digital format to share it with me. Waiting for a reply. Thank you very much!
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High to resist oxidative stress and still high until the exam time or must be consumed in this resistance therefor we found it in low levels
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In the context of oxidative stress, the levels of oxidative enzymes can vary depending on the phase and severity of the stress, as well as the adaptive response of the organism or cells involved.
Initially, upon the onset of oxidative stress, there is often an upregulation of antioxidant enzymes as part of the cell’s defensive response. This includes enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Their levels may rise in an attempt to neutralize the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to restore redox homeostasis.
However, if the oxidative stress is sustained or intense, it can lead to a situation where the antioxidant defenses are overwhelmed. In chronic or severe cases, the levels of these enzymes may not be maintained, and their activity could eventually decrease due to the damage inflicted by persistent ROS, leading to the observed low levels of oxidative enzymes.
Furthermore, the expression of these enzymes can also be modulated by numerous factors, including genetic regulation, the presence of cofactors, and the availability of substrates. Therefore, assessing the levels of oxidative enzymes provides a snapshot of the dynamic balance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant forces at a given time.
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How does oxidative stress contribute to the initiation and progression of various arrhythmias?
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NO generated by oxidative stress could be a factor.
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I want to study the expression of some proteins related to oxidative stress with western blot. I wonder what microglia cell line is the best for it.
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If you want to correlate the data with humans, HMC-3 cells would be better to study oxidative stress and inflammation.
Please find the attached paper to know in detail.
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I am working on HUVEC cells in order to Establish the Oxidative Stress Injury Model Induced by H2O2. I want to treat the cells with 5mM H2O2 from 30%h2o2 stock solution for 16 hours. How to prepare 5 mM hydrogen peroxide from 30% H2O2 stock solution?
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Sofiane Benyamina hello Thank you for your attention.
so, If I want to make a 5mL hydrogen peroxide solution, according to your statement, should I dilute 2.5 microliter of 30% hydrogen peroxide with 4997.5 microliter of water?
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Hi, I want to evaluate oxidative stress in a neuroblastoma cell line, I know about SOD1, but I think it's not enough, so I was investigating and I found 4-hydroxynonenal, I have this in my lab 4-HNE B5605, but I don't find the concentration to use. Also I don't think it is the best marker for inmunofluorescence, It is more used in western blot . Do you know other types of marker that I can use for oxidative stress in a cell culture? I will appreciate your help.
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You could try using H2DCFDA. It is mainly used in fluorometry and flow cytometry but you can also find publications using it in immunofluorescence. I could provide you with a protocol but you would have to wait some weeks cause I am currently optimizing it. Use live cells, do a quick test using H2O2 as a positive control and I hope it works out for you.
I wish you best of luck,
George
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I am working on HUVEC cells in order to make the Oxidative Stress Injury Model Induced by H2O2.I treated the cells with 0.3% H2O2(30%) for 16 hours, then IC50 was determined by MTT test, but in the validation stage of the model, the oxidative stress indicators were not as expected. what stock of hydrogen peroxide I should be used to induce oxidative stress?
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the concentration of 0.3% (30%) H2O2 for 16 hours is relatively high and may potentially result in severe cellular damage or cytotoxicity, leading to unexpected oxidative stress indicators.
To optimize your oxidative stress model and achieve the desired level of stress without excessive cytotoxicity, it is advisable to perform a dose-response experiment with a range of H2O2 concentrations. The following steps can guide you in determining the appropriate concentration of H2O2:
  1. Prepare a series of H2O2 dilutions: Start with a stock solution of high-concentration H2O2 (e.g., 30%) and prepare a series of dilutions using a suitable culture medium or buffer. Prepare a range of dilutions with decreasing concentrations (e.g., 0.1%, 0.05%, 0.01%, etc.). Ensure that the dilutions are freshly prepared to maintain the stability of H2O2.
  2. Treat cells with different H2O2 concentrations: Seed HUVEC cells in appropriate culture plates or dishes and allow them to reach an appropriate confluency. Treat the cells with different concentrations of H2O2, including the concentrations used previously (0.3%) and the newly prepared dilutions. Include a control group with no H2O2 treatment.
  3. Assess cellular viability and oxidative stress indicators: After the desired treatment duration, perform viability assays, such as the MTT assay, to assess cell viability and determine the IC50. Additionally, evaluate oxidative stress indicators such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, or DNA damage assays. Compare these indicators among different H2O2 concentrations to identify the optimal concentration for inducing oxidative stress without causing excessive cytotoxicity.
  4. Repeat and validate the results: It is crucial to repeat the experiments to ensure reproducibility and validate the findings. Consider performing multiple independent experiments to confirm the optimal H2O2 concentration and establish consistency in the oxidative stress model.
By systematically evaluating the effects of different H2O2 concentrations, you can identify the appropriate concentration that induces oxidative stress while maintaining cellular viability and obtaining the expected oxidative stress indicators. It is also important to consider the specific characteristics and sensitivity of HUVEC cells when selecting the H2O2 concentration.
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Mr. Guillermo Zalba did not participate in the research of the article "Prevalence of Hypertension and Obesity: Profile of Mitochondrial Function and Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress". I ask you please to remove it from your information
Best regards
Alejandra Guillermina Miranda-Díaz, MD, PhD
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To correct Diabetes and other metabolic disorders syndrome Please go to the link and read the book
मधुमेह और अन्य उपापचय की असमान्य क्रिया को ठीक करने हेतु पढे:-
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As an antioxidant role of zinc, conflicting reports are pouring. It is recognized that Zn has prominent role in reducing oxidative stress by scavenging and decreasing production of ROS. On the other hand, there are reports that Zn in hypoxia can activate NADPH oxidase by acting as phosphorylation modulator and thereby initiate ROS accumulation. I seek kind proper explanation from the researchers in this regard.
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The actions of zinc are not straightforward owing to its numerous roles in biological systems. Zinc is known for its dual action, as either an antioxidant or a prooxidant, and the conditions under which each role is performed.
Zinc, an essential metal for life, plays important roles as an antioxidant to combat and suppress oxidative stress. However, please note that both zinc deficiency and zinc overload could contribute to oxidative stress.
Zinc homeostasis plays an important role in physiological functions. Disturbance of zinc homeostasis leads to various diseases. Hypoxic condition may induce abnormally high concentration of zinc accumulation. Intracellular zinc and ROS are intimately related. Zinc impairs mitochondrial function, leading to excessive ROS production, but it can also activate a variety of extra-mitochondrial ROS-generating signaling cascades. Zinc could act on mitochondria to increase superoxide production and induce NADPH oxidase activation.
Best regards,
Malcolm Nobre
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I'm trying to induce oxidative stress by using rotenone and SNP sodium nitroprusside in isolated mitochondria of rat brain. This is to study GSH assay from control (Mitochondria) group in comparison with { Mito + (SNP/Rotenone)}.
However, I'm not getting the promising results
could anyone suggest me why there is not decrease in GSH occurs significantly in (SNP or rotenone induced mitochondria comparision to control?
is there any matter of concentration?
or suggestions.
(doi : 10.14715/cmb/2014.60.2.6)
please fine protocol to perform GSH assay>
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I will answer the question in parts -
(1) How to decide the concentration need to induce oxidative stress in isolated mitochondria of rat brain by using either rotenone & sodium nitroprusside?
The term “how much concentration…induce oxidative stress” is inappropriate. Any amount of R or SNP (or combination R, SNP, R+SNP) will induce oxidative stress (OS) and that amount can vary between negligible to quintals (hypothetically). Negligible concentrations will be outpowered by antioxidants (AOX) (including GSH as you have asked) but there would be a time when the antioxidants would be overpowered by OS. Thus the amount of toxic chemicals is proportional to stress. So there is something called a toxicity test to understand what concentration YOU want to evaluate.
(2) I'm trying to induce oxidative stress by using rotenone and SNP sodium nitroprusside in isolated mitochondria of rat brain. This is to study GSH assay from control (Mitochondria) group in comparison with { Mito + (SNP/Rotenone)}.
Agreed that you are trying to induce OS by R and SNP, but you need to have something considerable so that you can judge the response of GSH alterations (check overflowing online articles to understand and conduct the test). First conduct isolated tests or R and SNP then combos.
(3) However, I'm not getting the promising results
What according to you is a promising result? Results are results. There is nothing promising about anything and that's the gambit of every research. If we knew the results, then what's the need for any research. Agreed? The catch here is first conduct the test, decide the conc of R and SNP, expose MC to chemicals and see outcomes on ETC dysfunction. Also, could it be that the R+SNP combo is nullifying each other?
(4) could anyone suggest me why there is not decrease in GSH occurs significantly in (SNP or rotenone induced mitochondria comparision to control?
This question forms discussion part of your manuscript. That's what you need to reason in your publication as to why it has happened or what are probable reasons. For that you need to see what are the other AOX responses? It is not mandatory that GSH must decrease if there is exposure to R and SNP, and if that be then it is definitely a very strong response. There can also be a tandem act with other AOX that you are evaluating. GSH is a bifunctional AOX, at times it is conjugated by (GST-GSSH system) or at times it can also act alone (Srikanth et al. 2013 attached)
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I am trying to stress HEK293T cells but they seem very resistent.
Does anyone tried oxidative stress?
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What is the solution for H2O2 treatment on 293T cells, PBS? DMEM?
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Hi all!
I would like to determine if there is leakage of mitochondrial DNA to the cytosol in cells (after oxidative stress) by qPCR by doing nDNA/mtDNA. According to the protocol in the reference, I have extracted cytosolic mtDNA and nDNA from cells.
But, the results of my experiment were not as expected.
Do I need to ensure that the concentration of DNA in each well is consistent? If the nDNA of each sample is diluted to the same concentration, such as 1 μg/μl, should my mtDNA change by the corresponding multiple with nDNA?
Thank you.
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wow she is so rude. im just amazed on the responses. you could try to read this paper "Assessing mitochondrial DNA release into the cytosol and the subsequent activation of innate immune-related pathways in mammalian cells"
i hope it could help you.
this platform is to help each other as a researcher to overcome any difficulties. not to flaunt your degree.
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Dear community,
For my master's project, I want to design an experiment that will asses the efficiency of an antioxidant to stop/restore mitochondrial oxidative stress/redox balance in a PD mouse model, in both early and later stages of the disease. Redox balance will be assessed by using a roGFP lifetime measurements in vivo.
I was thinking to use MPTP model, due to it's effect on the mitochondria, simplicity and practicality. However I heard that this model can be difficult and dangerous to work with and might kill the mice faster than the experiment will end.
There is 6-ohda model, but I was reticent to use it because it has to be injected into the brain directly (which I believe might interfere with my fluorescence measurements) and the mechanisms behind it are not fully understood.
I would highly appreciate if anyone could share their experiences about working with these(or maybe other) models and give me an appreciation of their suitability in regard to my research question.
Thank you!
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* 6-OHDA and MPTP model are the most widely used animal models for screening of drugs against Parkinson's disease.
* 6-OHDA model requires stereotaxic surgery expertise, much more complex and mortality is high. Produces free radicals that acts as potent inhibitor of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and IV. Neuroinflammation and neuronal death may progress to other regions of the brain if surgery is not perfectly.
* Whereas MPTP model is simple, 25mg/kg in C57BL/6 mice for 5 days intraperitoneal. MPTP is metabolized into the toxic cation 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) by the enzyme monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) of glial cells, specifically astrocytes and accumulates within SNpc DA neurons, where it inhibits ATP production and stimulates superoxide radical formation.
So, you can study mitochondrial dynamics, dysfunction and redox changes according to your study design.
Animal mortality would be around 10-15%. Yes MPTP is quite dangerous to work with, however I have been using the same from the past 6 years, I have attached the paper that discusses in detail, precautions needed to work with MPTP. If you can these necessary precautions, there is nothing to worry about more then.
* I would recommend you the MPTP induced PD model for your work.
Hope it works.
Thanks
Samir Ranjan
Ref:
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tissue infected with various parasitic disease
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You can measure oxidative stress by measuring the ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) level, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione level, and other antioxidant levels.
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In order to save some energy, one decision our lab is examining would be to increase the temperature limit of the freezers at -70°C instead of -80°C. I guess 10°C difference in this very low temperatures may help to save substantial amount of energy supply. Therefore, we are wondering if samples can be stored at this temperature without causing any remaining molecular activities (oxidative stress and so on).
It is not super clear in the litterature why this threshold of -80°C has been selected, does it result from empirical measures or not?
If anyone has an idea on the reasons for the choice of -80°C, this could help us to take the best decision.
Thanks in advance
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The choice of -80°C as a freezer temperature for long-term storage of biological samples is a widely accepted standard that has been empirically established through many years of research and experience. It is believed to ensure that biological samples remain stable over time and that molecular activities, such as oxidative stress, are minimized.
While increasing the freezer temperature to -70°C may save energy, it is not recommended as it can potentially result in the degradation of biological samples over time. At -70°C, some cellular processes, such as oxidation and enzymatic activity, can still occur, although at a slower rate compared to warmer temperatures. However, it is important to keep in mind that the stability of biological samples depends on many factors, including the type of sample, the storage conditions, and the length of time in storage.
If you are considering changing the freezer temperature, it is recommended to perform a risk assessment to determine the potential impact on your samples. You can consider running a pilot study to assess the stability of a representative subset of your samples stored at -70°C over a period of time, and then comparing the results to samples stored at -80°C. You may also want to consult with experts in the field, such as cryobiologists or biorepository managers, for advice and guidance.
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During examination of transmission electron microscopy images of skeletal muscle biopsies from patients suffering from different myopathies, sometimes I find somewhat unusual mitochondria with white spots. Initially, I assumed that is some sort of oxidative stress damage or even artifact, yet now I think I could be wrong; usually, in patients with frequent "white spotted" mitochondria, I find more pronounced pathological changes in mitochondria (such as paracrystalline inclusion or onion-like cristae) in other fibers, sooner or later.
That made me think, so I've tried to find similar images in other studies, but to no avail. I have no reasonable explanation as for now. Any ideas?
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Dear Rabeah Al-Temaimi, thank you for your response!
Images shown in the mentioned article are somewhat similar to ours, it's quite possible that our mitochondria may also lose their membrane potential. Early or late apoptotic events are also possible, as I find in muscles with severely disorganized myofibrils.
Cristae swelling is rather unlikely (yet still possible) - on image taken on higher magnification (attached below) I cannot see swollen cristae, those hyperintensities seem to be independent of visible cristae location. Specimens for current study were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde right after biopsy - however, I am not present during tissue collection, it's possible that between biopsy and muscle fixation more time passed.
Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome can be rather excluded - it has early onset and we have adult patients only - although, from what I see, muscle mitochondria looks similar indeed.
Thank you again for your response, it was very helpful! Now I have some foothold for further research.
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Are there publications on this?
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Tanja Kögel you are very welcome!
Just write me an email to my institute address and I will have a look through my archive: dbrugger@nutrivet.uzh.ch
Not at the office currently and I know I will forget if not remined in my inbox ;)
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I want to quantify oxidative stress or one of its indirect marker on frozen tissue (at -80°C for more than 6 months), I want to know if it is still possible with our samples since they are frozen for a long time. Can anyone help me by providing this with reference articles?
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Hi. In fact at such a long time, I think that the results will not be very reliable for you. Except maybe for hydrogen peroxide which is more stable than the others. On the other hand, malondialdehyde, which marks lipid peroxidation, may well pass
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The relevance of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis to Alzheimer’s and neurodegenerative diseases needs extensive analysis. The various articles indicate that there are various questions with relevance to microbiota-gut-brain axis that are relevant to the pathology, pathogenesis and treatment of neurodegnerative diseases.Several mechanistic studies are required to determine the underlying mechanisms for effective and safe probiotic treatment for AD and probiotic benefits remain to determined. The relevance of gut dysbiosis may induce inflammatory responses that may be the cause of the induction of the pathogenesis of AD and relevance of diet (unhealthy diets), probiotics and gut microbiota should be carefully assessed. The meta-analysis studies indicate that probiotics reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and enhances cognition in AD and MCI individuals. The effects of different types of probiotics on amyloid formation and deposition needs to be evaluated and probiotic mixture therapy may be unsafe. The safety of probiotic therapy for AD patients require investigation with relevance to neuron reprogramming and programmed cell death in AD. The risk of unsafe microbiota and probiotic use may lead to the inactivation of the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 and the generation of uncontrolled short chain fatty acid release that promote amyloid beta plaque formation.
The concerns with relevance to the induction of dyslipidemia and the role of safety of diet-microbiota-brain axis should be carefully assessed with relevance to the cholesterol-AD connections. The prebiotic, symbiotic and probiotic formulations should be carefully assessed for bacterial composition and living microorganisms such as gram negative and positive. The release of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from gram negative bacteria needs to be controlled and the content of gram negative bacteria carefully assessed in these prebiotic, symbiotic and probiotic formulations. Unhealthy diets contain end products such as LPS and diets should be carefully assessed for LPS contents since LPS has been associated with the inactivation of Sirtuin 1. The gut microbiota based therapy is in progress and the relevance to the treatment of brain diseases such as AD is limited. The benefits, limitations and safety of gut microbiota and probiotics on Alzheimer’s disease needs to be placed under systematic review with relevance to dietary regulation and postbiotic supplementation that have the implications for amyloidosis and neurodegeneration. The role of probiotic therapies to create a health gut environment by balancing bacterial populations may require the activation of the anti-aging gene Sirtuin 1 to reverse the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. The literature indicates that yogurt is a prime source for probiotics and provide a healthy balance of live bacteria to provide health benefits to individuals in various countries of the world. However a recent article indicates that within 12 hours yoghurt can grow gram negative bacteria. The gram negative bacteria in yoghurt depending on daily or weekly intake can generate high levels of plasma LPS with relevance to prebiotic, synbiotic and probiotic quality products and ill health. Yoghurt products may need to be assessed for gram negative bacteria populations and LPS to determine the quality control of these products for international communities.
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RELEVANT REFERENCES:
A. Marzban A, Rahmanian V, Marzban A, Ramezani Siakhulak F. The Role of Probiotics in Improving Alzheimer's Disease. JNFS. 2022; 7 (2) :136-138.
B. de Rijke TJ, Doting MHE, van Hemert S, De Deyn PP, van Munster BC, Harmsen HJM, Sommer IEC. A Systematic Review on the Effects of Different Types of Probiotics in Animal Alzheimer's Disease Studies. Front Psychiatry. 2022 Apr 27;13:879491.
C. Guo L, Xu J, Du Y, Wu W, Nie W, Zhang D, Luo Y, Lu H, Lei M, Xiao S, Liu J. Effects of gut microbiota and probiotics on Alzheimer's disease. Transl Neurosci. 2021 Dec 27;12(1):573-580.
D. Ji HF, Shen L. Probiotics as potential therapeutic options for Alzheimer's disease. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Oct;105(20):7721-7730.
E. D’Argenio V, Sarnataro D (2021) Probiotics, prebiotics and their role in Alzheimer’s disease. Neural Regen Res 16(9):1768-1769.
F. Bonfili L, Cuccioloni M, Gong C, Cecarini V, Spina M, Zheng Y, Angeletti M, Eleuteri AM. Gut microbiota modulation in Alzheimer's disease: Focus on lipid metabolism. Clin Nutr. 2022 Mar;41(3):698-708.
G. Naomi, R.; Embong, H.; Othman, F.; Ghazi, H.F.; Maruthey, N.; Bahari, H. Probiotics for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022, 14, 20.
H. Arora K, Green M, Prakash S. The Microbiome and Alzheimer's Disease: Potential and Limitations of Prebiotic, Synbiotic, and Probiotic Formulations. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Dec 14;8:537847. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.537847.
I. Peterson CT. Dysfunction of the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neurodegenerative Disease: The Promise of Therapeutic Modulation With Prebiotics, Medicinal Herbs, Probiotics, and Synbiotics. J Evid Based Integr Med. 2020 Jan-Dec;25:2515690X20957225.
J. Kincaid HJ, Nagpal R, Yadav H. Diet-Microbiota-Brain Axis in Alzheimer's Disease. Ann Nutr Metab. 2021;77 Suppl 2:21-27. doi: 10.1159/000515700.
K. Alessio Vittorio Colombo Rebecca Katie Sadler Gemma Llovera Vikramjeet Singh Stefan Roth Steffanie Heindl Laura Sebastian Monasor Aswin Verhoeven Finn Peters Samira Parhizkar Frits Kamp Mercedes Gomez de Aguero Andrew J MacPherson Edith Winkler Jochen Herms Corinne Benakis Martin Dichgans Harald Steiner Martin Giera Christian Haass Sabina Tahirovic Arthur Liesz. (2021) Microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids modulate microglia and promote Aβ plaque deposition. eLife 10:e59826.
L. Anti-Aging Genes Improve Appetite Regulation and Reverse Cell Senescence and Apoptosis in Global Populations. Advances in Aging Research, 2016, 5, 9-26
M. Appetite Regulation and the Peripheral Sink Amyloid beta Clearance Pathway in Diabetes and Alzheimer’s Disease. Top 10 Commentaries in Alzheimer’s Disease (e-book). 2019;2:1-11. www.avidscience.com
N. Single Gene Inactivation with Implications to Diabetes and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome. J Clin Epigenet. Vol. 3 No. 3:24.
O. Sirtuin 1, a Diagnostic Protein Marker and its Relevance to Chronic Disease and Therapeutic Drug Interventions”. EC Pharmacology and Toxicology 6.4 (2018): 209-215.
P. Nutritional diets accelerate amyloid beta metabolism and prevent the induction of chronic diseases and Alzheimer’s disease. Photon ebooks. 2015.
Q. Wassenaar TM, Zimmermann K. Lipopolysaccharides in Food, Food Supplements, and Probiotics: Should We be Worried? Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp). 2018 Aug 21;8(3):63-69.
R. The Future of Genomic Medicine Involves the Maintenance of Sirtuin 1 in Global Populations. Int J Mol Biol . 2017. 2(1): 00013.
S. Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides and Neuron Toxicity in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neurology Research and Surgery. 2018; 1(1): 1-3.
T. C.J. Hervert, N.H. Martin, K.J. Boor, M. Wiedmann. Survival and detection of coliforms, Enterobacteriaceae, and gram-negative bacteria in Greek yogurt, Journal of Dairy Science, Volume 100, Issue 2, 2017, Pages 950-960.
U. Fisberg M, Machado R. History of yogurt and current patterns of consumption. Nutr Rev. 2015 Aug;73 Suppl 1:4-7.
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Gerobiotics: probiotics targeting fundamental aging processes
Gerobiotics: probiotics targeting fundamental aging processes (nih.gov)
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I would like to measure H2O2 on tomato leaves. Just need a fast and quantitative complete protocol for the determination of H2O2.
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I'm setting up some assays to assess the effect of different compounds over a cell line. I started using the CM-H2DCFDA from Thermo, as it seems to be more sensitive, but it's turning very expensive if I try to scale it to an HTS. So, I'm looking for alternatives that could give me the same readout in a large-scale screening.
I appreciate your comments.
Many thanks,
Noni
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CM-H2DCFDA is a derivative of H2DCFDA, but with an additional thiol reactive chloromethyl group, which enhances the ability of the compound to bind to intracellular components, thereby prolonging the dye’s cellular retention.
So, this indicator exhibits much better retention in live cells than H2DCFDA.
You could refer to the link below for alternatives.
Best.
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I would like to know if there are any database or research study carried out mentioning about the proteins that doesn't have the cysteine aminoacid.
I knew few but would like to know more about them.
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,you can go through this article providing details of cysteine free protein family.
Potato Proteinase Inhibitor II Family,
These articles may be effective for your research
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There is a antioxidant defense system in cell.
Have any signalling pathway or other things can influence ROS level in a extracelluar way?
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Hi, the pathways of PAMPs and DAMPs mediated by pattern recognition receptors such as TLRs are missing. These can be directly oxidative stress in the intracellular pathway through the classical NFκB pathway or inflammasome-mediated inflammation, or they can induce inflammation through producing proinflammatory cytokines.Hypoxic response (mainly Hif-1α) and oxidative stress from mitochondria during ischemia-reperfusion should also be considered.
Thanks! 
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Seeking collaborators for the application of the Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) questionnaire in predicting the likelihood of disease onset and severity with increasing OSI.
Please contact Dr. Harold Zeliger at Zeliger Research, LLC.
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If you can give us more details would be great!
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As a Biomarkers, I have protein concentration, protein carbonyl content, and GST activity in tadpoles. From this data result, I prepared plots and now I want to explain the relation between them. Does anyone know how they are related to each other?
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Thank you Azadeh Eshraghi for your answer.
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I would like to make an oxidative stress model for studying the antioxidant activity of a drug using C6 cells. Can I use the undifferentiated cells for the same.
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Dear colleague! It depends on the characteristics of the agent for oxidative stress and its concentration.
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How Campylobacter and Helicobacter species isolated from patients stored @-80 survive oxidative stress if they faced temperature variations?
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Dear Prof.Zaim,
Thank you so much for your detail explanation to my question.
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Hi everyone, and thanks in advance for reading!
I want to determine oxidative stress human serum/plasma using protein damage; I´ve seen there are a lot of kits and methods, I want to try an ELISA for this, but as I read more and more papers, the methods described are many times vague and unclear.
Please, If someone is doing this in his Lab or have experience on this issue, can you please reach me a protocol for sample preparation and protein carbonylation detection?
It will be very useful as I see there are a lot of steps and I will save a lot of time (and money) on starting it up making my own mess...
Thank you all!
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I. N. Popov thank you so much!!
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I am working of oxidative stress and found out one target protein form network pharmacology approach. We tried the molecular docking studies with some triazol derivatives. This gave us good result. Now we are planning to do wet work with this system but meanwhile i would like to so some simulation studies on the same. If any body is interested in collaboration pl mail me on
Dr. Manisha Modak
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Good Idea!!
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Dear all, I have been using blue light to induce oxidative stress in human cell line. I understand it's a phenomenon for the light irradiance to reduce after using of a period of time. However, other light panels that are not in use seemed to show a decrease as well. As for the cells, they were showing simialr response even though the irradiance has decreased. Could anyone please provide me with some advice on the possible reasons?
Thank you very much!
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You should construct a device for measurements of light intensity. The simplest one is a biased silicon photodiode, for which you can measure current by a usual multimeter. You can use an AA or AAA battery as a source of bias. Of course, you should perform such measurement with a fixed distance between light source and photodiode and their orientation. Such a simple device will give you the numerical value of light intensity and the possibility to discuss difference or time evolution if you find any.
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complement factor receptor (C3aR and C5aR) activation under oxidative stress conditions on ARPE-19 cells.
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In a patient with hereditary desminopathy (mutation Thr341Pro DES in the heterozygous state) over the past three years, an increase in the blood uric acid level up to 440-480 µmol / l was established by 1.5 times (the norm is 428.4 µmol / l). With the progression of the disease, the level has risen and is above normal. It is known that uric acid is an antioxidant. Is it necessary to reduce the level of uric acid? The patient has no problems with the joints.
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The change in the level of uric acid and biochemical parameters in a patient with an identified case of desminopathy is presented in the article https://www.researchgate.net/publication/357311034_CHANGE_IN_REDOX_STATUS_AND_BIOCHEMICAL_PARAMETERS_IN_PATIENT_WITH_DESMINOPATHY_T341P_SEVERAL_YEARS_AFTER_DISEASE_SYMPTOMS_ONSET
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Dear all, I have been observing the activation of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in my healthy human retinal pigmented epithelium cells (ARPE-19) now and then during experiment. The healthy control group was treated similarly with the other treatment groups just that it was without oxidative stress induction. I have tried different harvesting methods (scrapping & trypsin) and also used a new vial of cell line but it didn't solve the problem. Could you please enlighten me about the possible reasons and how do I troubleshoot it?
Thank you very much!
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Thank you Prof Murakami for the suggestion :)
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So many researches have proved the effects of chronic inflammation or oxidative stress on human health, but no systematic discussion about the relationship between both. From what we can know now, the inflammatory process can induce oxidative stress, in return, the oxidative stress can also induce inflammation. Is it possible to decide who comes first? Or it is a new chicken-and-egg problem?
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Oxidative stress is mainly due to inflammatory mediators such as ROS, RNS free radicals produced by inflammatory cells such as macrophages and neutrophils activates NF-KB a key transcription factor involved in the process leads to tissue damage, cell aging, DNA damage, and cell death.
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Well, we read a lot about how in vitro manipulation of oocytes can induce stress and therefore reduce their potential or as people call it "quality". I've been looking into the studies mostly, they focus on the oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species relation with calcium regulation. Other studies investigated the heating as a stress factor. Well, how they established that this oocyte is healthy and this one is stressed? On what basis? What kind of methods they used? Are the polscope data useful?
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In vitro culture conditions never meets the body environment (in vivo conditions). Therefore, once the oocytes are retrieved for IVF purpose, they are always exposed to stress conditions (due to minor changes in physical, temperature and culture medium). Oocyte is more susceptible to the stress conditions due to larger surface area (100-120 microM in dia) and even minor stress conditions may initiate downstream signaling pathways to induce oocyte death under in vitro culture conditions. We have identified some morphological features that could be used to identify the stressed oocytes in vitro. The series of morphological changes that are identified in oocytes cutlured in vitro are:
1. The smoothness (clear) of oocyte cytoplam is reduced
2. Initiation of cytoplasmic granulation
3. Changes in Zona pelucida histoarchitecture
4. Polar body roughness (fragmentation)
5. Cytoplasmic dia shrinkage (more gap between zona and corona)
6. Membrane blabbings
7. Cytoplasmic fragmentation
and many more........
For more details, kindly see few of our published papers:
1. Apoptosis, 10: 863-875. IF=4.677
2. Fertility Sterility; 84; 1163-1172. IF= 7.329
3. Free Radical Research, 42:212-220 IF=4.148
4. Free Radical Research, 43, 287-294. IF=4.148
5. Eur J Pharmacol. 667; 419-424. IF =4.432
6. J Biomed Sci. 23;36,1-5. IF = 8.410
7. J Biomed Sci 25(1);36 (1-7). IF= 8.410
8. J Biomedical Science, 26;11 (1-6). IF=8.410
9. Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 17(3): 777-784. IF=5.739
Good luck
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I am working on lung inflammatory disorder which is marked by oxidative stress. In order to measure mitochondrial ROS in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) sample procured from mice, I am planning to utilize mitoSOX probe. I have a query if we can directly use mitoSOX on BALF cells and measure the fluorescent intensity through flow cytometry? OR
Do we need to use antibodies (along with mitoSOX) against specific markers of inflammatory cells involved in lung inflammatory disease?
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BALF from infectious mice has both Macs and Neutrophils. So, If you want to compare ROS in a particular cell type, it is recommended to add a marker antibody in the experiment.
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Hi, I'm trying to study the impact of reactive oxygen species on whole blood with respect to how it may induce proteolysis on an intracellular protein in PBMC's in a simulated extracorporeal circulatory model. Instead of exposure of PMBC's to hydrogen peroxide, I need to mimic the actual inflammatory environment such as cardiopulmonary bypass and therefore need whole blood. Trialed H2O2 diluted down to 0.05% without much success. Any suggestions would be much appreciated.
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It is not clear from your given details that which reactive oxygen species your are targeting for? For more focused suggestions, could you please make it bit more clear on your experimental targets? Anyway, with your given infromations, let me tell you that the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a strong oxidizing agent and can generate OH- (hydroxyl ion) in a cell or solution. There are several reactive oxygen species and every one has its own pathway for damaging cellular histoarchtecture depending on the extent and nature of insult on the cellular/subcellular and macromolecules like protein and lipids. You can measure H2O2 level in blood serum/plasma using sensitive kits from R&D systems, USA. Total NO levels can also be measured accurately by using Nitrate/Nitrite kits in blood samples using kits from R&D systems, USA and other company make kits. Thus, you can analyze both H202 and total NO levels in blood samples.
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There are a few manuscripts implying redox regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. This makes me wonder if actin B can be used as a good loading control when investigating protein expression during oxidative stress. If not, what would be a more suitable loading control?
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Hello,
You can use GAPDH as loading control.
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Hi everyone;
is there any method, to differentiate this two products of oxidative stress in the same sample?
(apart from GC/MS)
thank you so much!
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How to go about it statistically?
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Most organic materials, in living systems or not, are susceptible to degradation at varying temperatures in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. This oxidation is at the origin of the deterioration of the mechanical properties of polymers, the rancidity of food or technical fatty substances, or various pathologies such as diabetes.
In biological systems, oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between the production of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their destruction by antioxidant defense systems. Free radicals can cause significant damage to cell structure and metabolism by degrading proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. To cope with these attacks, organisms have developed antioxidant action systems: enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems.
In the enzymatic defense system, three types of antioxidant enzymes are used to destroy reactive oxygen species:
- Superoxidizedismutases (SOD) which catalyze the disproportionation of the superoxide anion to hydrogen peroxide (2📷+ 2📷+📷).
- Catalase which catalyzes the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide into water allowing its elimination (📷O+📷).
- Gluthathione peroxidase (GPX) which also breaks down hydrogen peroxide using gluthation as a hydrogen donor (📷+ 2GSH📷O +GSSG).
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Hi All
s-glutathionylation is known to protect cysteines from irreversible oxidation and to keep the residue for reduction after oxidative stress is controlled.
I wonder, however, if the oxidative condition is persisting, even the glutathionylated cysteines can be further oxidized into an irreversible form particularly in the absence of enzymatic reactions.
Thanks for your answers in advance!
Sunjoo
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Tripeptide glutathione constitutes the first anti-radical defense barrier thanks to the nucleophilic thiol groups (SH) but in an oxidizing medium it can play the role of a highly reactive radical (GS-) which can cause irreversible cell damage.
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I am studying the influence of doses of plant extracts on rats, since the plant is toxic, the value of MDA (oxidative stress) increases with increasing doses. the problem is that for the maximum dose chosen the value of MDA decreased despite that at this dose an apoptosis occurred I have not found an explanation.
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You can also read the following paper, it may be helpful to you. With regards.
'Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Lipid Peroxidation in Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Ferroptosis' https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/31737171/
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The tissue we are using is the cerebellum of black mice blc57, we are doing histopathology and oxidative stress assay, Should we use half the number of mice for each test or could we divide the cerebellum and do both tests for the whole number?
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Thank you Dr. shin and Dr. Manju for your answer.
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Serum TIBC and serum ferritin colorimetric assay protocol.
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Hi, arigo has a good Human Ferritin ELISA Kit for serum and plasma. Please refer to the detail at https://www.arigobio.com/Human-Ferritin-ELISA-Kit-ARG80501.html
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I have seen different results published online using CATALASE. I know that the outcome of the analysis depends on the type of tissue, and protocol used but I have seen gotten different results from my brain tissue sample using sample protocol.
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Please note that if you want check OXIDATIVE STRESS, you can not stick to the enzymes. You should measure lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, GHS:GSSG ratio. They indicate if oxidative stress occured or not.
However CAT results are somehow strange in in vivo conditions.
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oxidative stress, histopathology, leakage of enzymes, lipid profile, inflammation, apoptosis
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Many thanks for your responses
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Recently we treated retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells with hydrogen peroxide as oxidative stress, and the morphological changes do not look like apoptosis or necrosis. Does anyone give suggestions regarding oxidative stress-induced cell death? Many thanks.
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doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1215. Epub 2012 Dec 18.. 2013 Feb;31(2):471-6.Int J Mol Med. The effects of exogenous H2O2 on cell death, reactive oxygen species and glutathione levels in calf pulmonary artery and human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Can be useful
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I am working on oral cancer cell line and i would like to observe the in vitro antioxidant activity in treated cancer cell line to evaluate the enzymatic activity like SOD, CAT, GST. I have read many papers and they have tried inducing oxidative stress in the cancer cells to observe this activity. I would like to know why we need to induce it when the cancer cells can also produce free radicals.
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I think the purpose behind this is to make sure all the cells will produce extra ROS that can't be easily managed by the already existing cellular antioxidants, so the activities of the mentioned enzymes will show clearly
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I have tried with no success various UV-B stresses but I did not find an increase in beta galactosidase.
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Hi Anthony L, Yes: we often used the DNA-damaging drug etoposide to induce senescence. Soluble in DMSO. 10 uM was often ok, though the best concentration can vary with the cell type -- it gets toxic at higher concentrations (because extensive DNA damage is toxic). It was added to recently plated cells for 48 h, then removed, and the cells were left for 5 days to develop the senescent characteristics -- although this may also vary with cell type. So for a new cell type you might want to try lower and higher concentrations, and different timings. We published this method (used as a positive control) in Cairney CJ et al. 2017, PLoS Genetics. (See Supplementary File 2.)
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I am looking for the reagent which can scavenge superoxide in living cells. Most of ROS scavenger, like tempol, inhibit not only superoxide accumulation but also reactive nitrogen spices (RNS). But I am actually looking at the effect of RNS in oxidative stress but not superoxide. Dose anyone know the cell permeable superoxide scavenger?
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Hey Kazushi,
Tiron (1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonate) is a vitamin E analog, cell-permeable
and acts as a global superoxide scavenger as an alternative for TEMPOL.
If you like you can have a look at our recent review:
"Functions of ROS in macrophages and antimicrobial immunity".
In this review, we give an introduction to ROS and their sources in macrophages, summarize the versatile roles of ROS in direct and indirect antimicrobial immune defense and provide an overview of commonly used ROS probes, ROS source inhibitors and ROS scavengers (also the difference between ROS scavengers and antioxidants, which are not synonymous, is explained).
Functions of ROS in Macrophages and Antimicrobial Immunity
February 2021, Antioxidants 10(2):313
All the best and stay healthy,
Marc
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I am searching for a lab to do In vitro study in neuronal cell lines like SH-SY5Y or N27 and the biochemical estimation by the following methods:
ELISA, Western blot
Oxidative stress markers (ROS, SOD, CAT and GPx)
Mitochondrial function (Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Complex I activity)
Kindly suggest me a government lab.
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@Ehab Yehiea Jabber. Please tell me
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Adding a drug causes cells to undergo oxidative stress as indicated by DCFDA fluorescence and an increase of ABCG2. However, I get inconsistent results of SOD1 after 24 hours of exposure. Also, if you want to get the expression, do you collect only the remaining live cells or also collect the floating/apoptotic cells?
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Functioning of Superoxide Dismutase is increased, because generation of free radicals produce adverse effects. SOD catalyze the chemical reactions having single oxygen and slow down or prevent the generation of free radicals. So, automatically SOD activity increased...
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I have been trying to estimate some biochemical parameters in urinary bladder but homogenization is problem with me as indicated by very low amount of protein in homogenate.
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I'm a retired research chemist/physicist with Parkinson's disease and I've been working on upregulating Nrf2 with sulforaphane to fight oxidative stress.
The results I achieved on my PD and with a group of 8 people with PD have shown that sulforaphane strongly attenuated non-motor symptoms especially fatigue and lack of motivation, suggesting that the first target for Nrf2 seems to be mitochondria. I am not an expert in this subject and I would like to reach out to research groups and Parkinson's disease specialists to discuss how to take this idea further.
You can find the background here :
And a preprint I have written on RG here:
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I have been using 400 micrograms twice a day. Brand: Swanson.
I have had the drug checked at the University and they confirmed it is 87% pure sulforaphane. Not the 99% the lab says. But is good enough for me.
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for induction of oxidative stress
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I'm following the best answer.
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We are trying to design a clinical trial on type 2 diabetes patients. The main data that we want to assess include FBS, 2hpp, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMA-IR. Also, we will assess the lipid profile and stress oxidative indices (MDA and TAC). The problem is that we could not find any similar study to determine the sample size. In this situation is it possible to use the Cohen formula? If not what is the right way for determining the sample size?
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You can use G*Power calculation to determine your sample size without worrying if the sample size is under the attribution of statistical significance. G*Power is a common sample calculation particularly in setting up a clinical trial.
Please check out this publication for more details:
Use of G*Power Software | SpringerLink by:
Verma J.P., Verma P. (2020) Use of G*Power Software. In: Determining Sample Size and Power in Research Studies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5204-5_5
Hope it would be helpful and all best luck!
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Hi all,
I have been using hydrogen peroxide, Potassium ferricyanide and cumene hydroperoxide for my studies involving proteins with a redox switch. The proteins I typically worked and working are transcription factors and polymerases with redox switches like HXXXCXXC motif and Fe-S clusters. I purify the proteins under anaerobic and/or reducing conditions, oxidise them to observe the changes for example structural and activity related. Ferricyanide is a coloured compound and thus I can not use it for some methods, whereas hydrogen peroxide leads to the formation of air bubbles in the cuvette. Given these issues, It would be of a great help if any of you could suggest me any other chemicals that can be tested for the same purpose.
Thanks in Advance
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Well the reasons for the bubbles with the peroxide is its decomposition by catalase, you could try adding less peroxide to the sample, or inactivate the catalase with something like aminotriazole (though inactivation of catalase is, in and of itself an oxidative stressor).
You could look at inactivating certain antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione reductase or peroxidase. There are available inhibitors for these enzymes.
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I am looking for a new method for measuring oxidative stress in animal tissues ... a previously unrecognized method .... Thank you for your cooperation
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i am working on Carum copticum extract and its seems it has itself induced oxidative stress at higher doses. 200mg/kg PO
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Sourbh Garg , could you explain please what is "the immunization of your compound?" In addition, it's not good at all to use bold fonts.
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Hello all,
What are some markers of oxidative stress in brain?
Thanks
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Yes, Various antioxidant enzymes such as Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH) and oxidative damage biomarkers such as malondialdehyde, hydroperoxides, carbonyl groups etc. are considered for research work.
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the relationships between oxidation and inflammation
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Dear @ Laith,
There is definitely a relation of oxidative stress with inflammation. As you know very well, Increase of free radicals results the oxidative stress. And, oxidative stress ultimately cause the inflammation. i.e., Decrease of antioxidants ---) Increase of Free radicals ----) Increase of Oxidative Stress ----) Inflammation.
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Susceptibility of Covid-19 patients to drug-induced OS
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That's the worst scenario that could covid19 patient face, as a result doctors constantly recommend to covid19 patient to follow a diet rich of antioxidant such as tumeric, ginger, garlic ... etc
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Hallo experts,
How can I best measure damage after oxidative stress in liver tissue harvested 24h after exposure stop?
Im thinking about TBARS Elisa kit, but maybe anyone have advice regarding a better endpoint to measure? 4-HNE maybe, or Protein Carbonyls?
If someone have kits to recommend – I will be very happy. (ELISA is preferable).
All the best, and hope everyone is safe
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We always use commercial kits for TBARS, they are pretty accurate (Cayman and Sigma is my best). You can also measure MDA levels by HPLC too but you should be careful about your tissue homogenate is suitable. The colon may become blocked.
Additionally you may think about antioxidant enzymes activity such as SOD, CAT or GPx since their activity changes in case of oxidative stress.
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I am planning to conduct a research on oxidative stress of the pregnant mothers. There I am planning to compare oxidative stress between mothers with PIH and mothers without PIH. I would like to know what would be the best research design to conduct this study. Is case control study design ok for this? Or is there a better way?
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Hello
a well-designed case-control
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What media or salt solution (HBSS, EBSS, Tyrode) can be used for real-time intracelular h2o2 imaging? I am using a genetically-encoded biosensor based on roGFP and have to find the media that wouldn't have much buffering capacity as well as compounds acting like antioxidants, since it is important to see how the cells alone are coping with h2o2 adition.
Estimated duration of the experiment - 1-1.5 h.
Cells: ipsc-derived neurons. Standart Neurobasal+B27 media was designed to protect neurons from any kind of oxidative damage and contains loads of antioxidants, so h2o2 don't get the chance to get inside the cell.
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The Cell Meter™ Hydrogen Peroxide Assay Kit OxiVision™ Green hydrogen peroxide sensor to quantify hydrogen peroxide in live cells
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My OD value had a huge variation between each trial, even blank one. The worst thing is blank two has higher OD than the corresponding sample no matter if it was diluted or not. The repeatability of the assay kit is not good. My protocol is as follows.
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Lara Ivanković why don't you try to analyze the samples with an additional method for verification of the results? Inhibition of 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene is often used ( . Some comparisons with standard kits have also been published ( eg. https://faseb.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a814)
Kits are often ungrateful as, in reality, each analytical method should be optimized for a specific purpose and quality parameters should be satisfied for given conditions (eg. not all kits work with all buffers, with the same sample preparation procedures, ...)
If you decide to double-check with the pyrogallol method I'd be happy to help.
Best,
Jan
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Hello,
I also want to do some biochemical analyses and need to take some blood of the rats. To take the blood I need to use anesthetics. But I want to evaluate TNF-a and oxidative stress in the brain. Which anesthetic does no influence on this? I'm working on the model of VPA to induce austism.
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