Ornamental Plants - Science topic

Nice Echinopsis!

Non-destructive methods for estimating biomass in ornamental plants are crucial for maintaining plant health and appearance while gathering important data. These methods typically rely on allometric relationships between easily measurable plant dimensions and biomass. A common approach involves measuring parameters such as plant height, stem diameter, crown width, and leaf area index, then using these measurements in species-specific or generalized allometric equations to estimate total biomass. Advanced techniques may incorporate digital imaging and analysis, where photographs or 3D scans of plants are processed to estimate volume and density, which are then correlated with biomass. Another non-invasive method uses chlorophyll fluorescence measurements to assess plant physiological status and indirectly estimate biomass. For smaller ornamental plants, weighing the entire potted plant and subtracting the weight of the pot and growing medium can provide a good estimate of above-ground biomass. Remote sensing techniques, including LiDAR and multispectral imaging, are also being adapted for ornamental plant biomass estimation, especially in larger landscape settings. These non-destructive methods, while sometimes less accurate than direct measurements, offer valuable ways to monitor plant growth and estimate biomass without compromising the aesthetic or structural integrity of ornamental plants.

Close to Euphorbia marginata Pursh as Dr. Arvind said.

Anna Sołtys-Lelek

It is Zingiber chrysanthum Roscoe of Zingiberaceae family.

Thanks!

Congratulations and with all best wishes! I am against insecticides and chemical fertilizers. Chemical fertilizer makes the soil poor and does not improve the soil. To date it has not been proven that poison kills harmful insects. Are the beneficial insects no more than no fruits, seeds and plants.

I can collaborate on that subject, especially tissue culture, micropropagation and germination.

Hi Mônica,

Some Nemesia viruses:

* Angelonia flower break virus (AFBV)

* Impatiens necrotic spot orthotospovirus (INSV)

* Nemesia ring necrosis virus (NeRNV)

* Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)

* Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV)

* Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV)

* Verbena latent virus (VeLV)

References:

Hope it helps,

All the best,

Jean

Dear Mônica Bossardi Coelho

The StarPac bags are sealed and held for 2 weeks in a growth room at 25 °C with a 16 h photoperiod provided by fluorescent lights (40 μM m-2·s-1). Then the StarPac bags are transferred at 4°C in low light. You can work with 12 to 16 h of photoperiod.

Best Regards,

Jean

Arvind Kumar GOYAL

It looks Paphiopedilum spicerianum (Rchb.f.) Pfitzer

Thanks!

L. Marian Gonzàlez

It is Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. of Asteraceae family.

Thanks!

It is possible from old leaves.

Please check the following articles; hope, these may be useful to you.

Interesting technical question.

Please also see this useful video.

It looks close to Jasminum azoricum L. of family Oleaceae.

Basella alba

Hi

after register, published it.

Please take a look at this useful link.

If I want to develop a book of Ornamental plants, because of these I want to one model for presentation in this cause am asking you, have you any model for presentation, sir,.

With kind regards.

Anthurium andreanum

Picture 1. Ficus vasta Forssk.

You can just google, I found this as a top hit, easy peezy!

Bagworms are also very common in many places in India and they cause great damage. they are voracious eaters and make plants naked on which they are found. They are definitely pests and are of great concern.

Dr. Arvind is correct.

Yes, it is Ixora coccinea of family Rubiaceae

You can go for RHS (Royal Horticulture Society) Colour chart..It is standard..In vegetable releated research this is supposed to be standard.

@ Dr. Seied Mehdi Miri

Please have a look at the blow given links.

According to my knowledge, the common name is African Daisy/ Cape Marigold..It is botanically known as Dimorphotheca sp.

There's an elaborate description of G. pylzowianum online in the Flora of China. This species could occur in a German garden, because it is sold by specialist perennial nurseries. Are you sure it's not a cultivar or seedling of Geranium sanguineum? Or a hybrid like 'Tiny Monster'? Those are much more common in gardens.

Dear Jonathan

Thank you for your scientific contribution. You are right. Ethylene causes flowering in some plants, but BA also affects on flowering in some ornamental plants. I want to know how the mechanism induces flowering.

Enhancement of Reproductive Heat Tolerance in Plants

April 2015PLoS ONE 10(4):e0122933

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122933

LicenseCC BY 4.0

John J BurkeJohn J BurkeJunping ChenJunping Chen

Please have a look at enclosed PDFs...

Thanks to all for your valuable comments. I will try my best to make the garden look attractive. Navraj, your idea is marvellous and i will try to follow to which extent I can reach.

Please follow the discussion through the question as detailed below :

Will foliar applied amino acids nutritionally benefit the...

www.researchgate.net/post/Will_foliar_applied...

Will foliar applied amino acids nutritionally ... So any claim of amino acid foliar ... I believe the application of amino acids as foliar spray can alter .

Commercialisation of plants in Africa

BN Okole and B Odhav

South African Journal of Botany 2004, 70(1): 109–115

1. Essentially derived varieties should have details of parentage and otherwise new varieties may be from natural selection from seed origin population and should have distinct characterers from others in population. To register it as a variety it should be tested at multilocation for stabilty of desirable traits.

2. Registration is done at PPVFRA (in India). Breeders usually has/have IPR rights but if it is developed by public funding then organisation has IPR policy for that.

3. Landscaping method if it is innovative then can be patented with registrar of patent (in India).

4. Landscape technique if published then should be referred keeping plagiarism policy under consideration.

Dear Yousef

The plant dwarfism caused by someclonal variation has been reported in some plants and can be used for plant breeding.

Dear Mr. Hussain,

For planning your experiment, specifically, the time at which you would like to make the fluorescence sampling, well, the answer depends actually on several factors:

Are you planning to make a diurnal changes experiment? You want to observe how the photosynthetic machinery of your plants works along a full sunny day? or along a full week or a full month? Then you will have to measure periodically, every hour? every two hours? Do you want to establish a relationship between stomatal aperture and primary photochemistry events monitored with Chl a fluorescence? are you following the evolution of drought stress in a big or small field? What exactly are you trying to observe? The precise time of the day, it's important for you? why? Do you need only one single measurement per day? why? If you need to measure along a full day, then the interval in between the diurnal variations measurements depends on the the time scale resolution you want to have. Do you want to observe rapid changes after application of a specific stressor (herbicide, heavy metal, heat, cold, salt, any other plant stressing condition) or simply you want to observe diurnal photosynthetic behavior of your plants? Are those changes expected to occur fast or it can takes several hours to evolve? OK, let's say, you make a diurnal changes sampling for studying diurnal variations in leaf temperature, stomatal aperture, chlorophyll fluorescence, gas exchange photosynthesis, protein expression, induced levels of abcisic acid, or any, and you start at 6:00 AM, preparing a tea or a coffee and your plants for dark adaptation, and after 30 minutes you are ready for measuring fluorescence and depending upon the amount of plants to measure and the time it takes for each measurement, then you could run your first sampling campaign of the day for about 30 minutes to 1 hour... or more... how many plants do you have to measure? How long are you going to invest in measuring each plant? How many leaves are you going to measure in one plant? how easy it is to reach the leaves? What about sampling the other parameters? In a word, do you have a clearly defined measuring protocol? have you already done a series of measurements for knowing how long does it take to sample fluorescence in one leaf? in a whole plant? in one full plant, shrub, bush? Is one leaf from one plant enough representative for you? are the leaves enough big to measure? to sample a full plant (if several leaves are going to be measured), how many plants are you going to measure? You need to know all that before planning an experiment, any experiment, in order to optimize sampling time, and the experiment itself. OK, let's say, you plan to make a diurnal changes experiment to observe how the plant behaves along a full day, and you start your sampling campaign, now once that you have collected your fist set of data, can you immediately transfer all the collected data to your portable computer? or do you have to go back to the lab to do that? How long does it takes to transfer the data? can it wait until you have finished all of your measurements? Does your Fluorometer machine has enough memory to keep all of the measured data in it until the end of the day? That takes time also. And here is another important question to answer> are you going to measure ONLY fluorescence or do you plan to measure other parameters? Do you plan to measure plant spectral reflectance, chlorophyll content, CO2/O2 evolution photosynthesis, or any other kind of measurements beside fluorescence? OK, let's assume you collect and prepare next sampling in a short time, 30 minutes for example, remember that you need to put your plants in darkness (dark adaptation for at least 30 minutes) before measuring Chlorophyll a fluorescence. What it is your own personal time availability? Do you have to attend lectures in between? Do you have technical staff in charge of the experimental sampling ?  And another important question to answer is: In order to have comparable data, you need to optimize the speed of sampling time, the amount of plant individuals to measure. it has to be as closest as possible in time. So, many questions to be answered before you can get the optimal answer to the one simple question. In a word, the best moment of the day to measure fluorescence depends upon many factors.

For comparing the photosynthetic behavior of two groups ornamental shrubs same species same variety, growing in two different light regimes: in shade and in open light conditions, and assuming any other conditions are kept the same (soil humidity, soil chemistry, wind speed, atmosphere chemistry, etc), I would recommend a diurnal changes experiment.

So, you measure Chl fluorescence every 2 hours from 6 AM until 8 PM. Each 2 hours, you should measure also (at least) : ambient light, air temperature, soil temperature, soil pH, soil humidity. You may repeat this measurements, once in a full sunny day  and once in a cloudy day. You could repeat it also along once per week during several weeks. Preferably, take your measurements before flowering, as flowering introduce a lot of "noise" in fluorescence measurements. This way, you can see how plants behave in shade and open field light conditions . Then, after that, you could add some changes in controllable factors, you can change humidity (irrigation frequency, soil type, or any other type of factor that you could be interested in to study its influence on your plants).

Are you looking at phytoremediation capacity of ornamental plants with regard to accumulation pattern of sodium ..??. If I have correctly read your question , we should should look for sodium exclusion property as well I addition to sodium accumulation behaviour, both amply indicate phytoremediation behaviour . Reduction in water soluble and exchangeable sodium in soil is another indicator..

I don't know this species, but two non-chemical methods which might be worth investigating are mechanical control like Lever and Mulch(TM) (see http://www.highlandbirchwoods.co.uk/userfiles/file%5CIntro%20to%20Lever%20&%20Mulch.pdf) and use of cut and cover techniques like Buckthorn baggies (http://www.buckthornbaggie.com/).

In Scotland, Lever and Mulch has been used against rhododendron, which is difficult to control, as it layers, and re-sprouts from buds around the root collar.  This method includes a variety of manual techniques, but is based on using the trunk as a lever to break the plant up as much as possible, with the dead material left as a mulch to smother remaining layers.  I don't know whether the structure of Triphasia would be suitable for these techniques, but it might be worth trying.

Cut and cover is useful for plants that resprout from a stump - you basically zip-tie thick plastic bags over the stumps to kill the plant.  It has been used in America against buckthorn, and we are testing it in Scotland against beech, but only on small sites where the bags can be collected up again.  It should be possible to develop something like this using a biodegradable material.  However, this is unlikely to be useful for something that spreads via rhizomes.

It could be a hormonal or hydraulic/electrical signal enabling communication with other nearby trees. See: Communication in Plants pp 333–349, Long-Distance Signal Transmission in Trees by Stefano Mancuso and Sergio Mugnai :)

This may help.

I think combination of unreduced gamete 4x from the tetraploid yellow and ‘x’ from the triploid pink may give rise to pentaploid yellow {4x controlling yellow may be dominant over the only one ‘X’ controlling pink}.

Secondly, unreduced gamete 3x of tripoid pink when unite with the gamete ‘x’ of tetraploid yellow may give rise to pink tetraploid {3x controlling pink may be dominant over the one ‘x’ controlling yellow}.

However, if the pentaploid yellow is the result of the combination of unreduced gamete 3x of the triploid pink and normal gamete 2x of the tetraploid yellow, THEN, color is likely be controlled by the some factors other than the genes.

Cucurbits like gherkins and cucumber, dragon fruit, kakadu plum, temperate fruits like kiwi and few others like peaches and plums in the initial phase of development.

I am more than 20 years ritired and can not help you, excuse but that´s the reality! H. Bochow

A research conducted by Shuping Wang Arvey in which he studied the "mechanism of Douglas-fir wood staining and how it develops." he mentioned that previous studies found that "dihydroquercetin (DHQ) from the wood can develop a brownish color rapidly through enzymatic oxidation. However, dihydroquercetin has been found more in heartwood than in sapwood (Pew, 1948; Gardner and Barton, 1960)." 

The published research can be found in the link below:

Thank you let contact him

Please find my work how different agents affect on the stability of anthocyanins

Good luck

Aly 

Definitely agree with Brian Levene. Lettuce is one of those plant species that visibly react more to stress conditions. I guess your greenhouse has much more controlled conditions compared to an open field where lettuce plant must face several stressing factors. It is well known that pigments ant anti oxidants production is enhanced in difficult growth conditions.

Just a few additional information. Some say 'dioecious species' which is incorrect. Similarly flowers are not dioecious or monoecious.

Please have a look at this link.

Check this book "Pollen Atlas"by Ruth Kiew and Muhammad Muid...also there is a link of UOA http://www.geo.arizona.edu/palynology/polonweb.html...

Beware: except genetics, color of some flower petals are also affected by epigenetics. Environment factors such as temperature make color change. One example is the Black roses (see picture). [but, I am not sure for Rubus]

Below is one paragraph from WikiHow ( http://www.wikihow.com/Grow-Black-Roses ): How to grow Black roses. They include some research papers. You can read them for further information.

5. Experiment with temperature as the buds grow larger. During this stage, temperature can drastically affect color. Most rose varieties have not been researched in this way, so you'll have to be a pioneer. If possible, try different techniques on different buds or bud clusters. Here are some guidelines to get you started: Cool temperatures tend to increase the amount of pigment produced, which usually means darker flowers. One study of Crimson Glory roses produced purplish roses at 73ºF (23ºC), and darker, redder roses at 50ºF (13ºC) [6]. This is more likely to work in summer [7]. Heat stress usually leads to faded or more orange flowers, but there are exceptions. For example, Baccara roses may end up deepening to a bluer shade [8]. This is a risky technique that can cause flower or plant death; if possible, ask a florist to help you choose temperatures that will stress the plant without killing it. One study of (orange-colored) Jaguar roses exposed buds to three days of 102ºF (39ºC) daytime / 64ºF (18ºC) nighttime temperatures [9].

Please check these useful PDF attachments.

Please check the following articles it will help you

Please check the following article it will help you

Please check the following researchgate links.

Good luck

Hi Alberto--

In my experience, it is mixed.  In my recent paper on flower hydraulics (http://tinyurl.com/jz4achb), we surveyed about 20 species from across the angiosperm phylogeny and found that basal angiosperm and magnoliid flowers had stomata, but many monocot and eudicot flowers had few, if any, stomata.  Interestingly, although there are large macroevolutionary patterns, there is also variation at narrower phylogenetic scales; for example, within the Rhododendron species measured in our study, some species had stomata and some didn't.  I'm working through the images from many more species and hope to have some definitive results in the coming months.

I have other (unpublished) data suggesting that regulating water loss from flowers is controlled by cuticle properties in many species and that this has been under selection.  This isn't surprising given that corollas of many species may not stomata.

-Adam

most plants would have maximum content of essential oils in the flowering period.

FAO:http://www.fao.org/home/en/

Hi Zeinab

There are a few things that can be done.

1. soil acidification using sulphur to increase Fe availability

2. using foliar application (bypassing the soil)

3. trying to improve availability of soil applied Fe using chelating agents eg EDTA.

There has been a lot of work done on this subject especially in citrus cultivation

see also previous discussion on "What is the link between calcium carbonate content in soils and chlorosis in plant? "

Regards

Andrew

Please check the following link and pdf attachments.

imge 1 Gaillardia pulchella 

2 & 4 Gaillardia grandiflora

3 Gaillardia pulchella

5 Gaillardia galanda 

6 Zinnia sp

plese check naik

Ladislav,

The best is new monograph of Peter Poschlod, Geschichte der Kulturlandschaft, Ulmer 2015, 100 (with references). Zdraví Jaromír

Clitoria ternatea is a cleistogamous plant.

Dr Krishnan Umachandran

Thank you so much - what a lovely surprise - the beautiful and varied pictures of Primula auricular. I appreciate you taking the trouble to send them.

Very best wishes

Mary

Not exactly a step by step breeding programmer for flower crops but you may refer books like Ornamental crop breeding by L. C. De & S. K. Bhattacharjee and Breeding and Biotechnology of flower crops by A. K. Singh

Dear Md. Asaduzzaman, we are using Agrostemin www.agrostemin.com in hydroponic

conditions for production of seedlings for transplant of strawberry, tobacco and a customer made mulberry seedlings, in order to extract some phenolics.

In regular hydroponic cultivation of different veggies and strawberries no problems

On alfalfa that has high auto toxicity, never had any adverse effects.(field cultivation)

Regards

Aloha Kauahi, best wishes for your research. I doubt that the polyploid condition may bring any problems for this objective, but one never knows.

Buena suerte

Have you looked at the manual available on the net?

However, you need more equipment than just a spectrometer for instance a light source, and a reference white and a reference black for calibration.

Regards 

Anders