Optical Devices - Science topic

In a reciprocal system, all the wave travels in the same way backward as forward. When the exchange between the source and detectors result in different transmittance, non-Hermiticity is granted but the nonreciprocity needs to be carefully evaluated. Although most of the integrated circuits are reciprocal, unexpected nonreciprocal response may emer...

Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) nanophotonic devices with zero permittivity are known to exhibit adiabatic frequency translation via temporal refraction under extracavity excitation by intense light sources, which are however hard to integrate on-chip owing to a high demand for energy density. As this class of complementary-metaloxide-semiconductor-compati...

The Ultraviolet Imager (UVI) is one of the four instruments onboard the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer (SMILE) satellite, a collaborative science mission between the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the European Space Agency (ESA). The UVI will capture the terrestrial auroral images that depict the energy depositions in the...

Digital holography (DH) enables non-contact, noninvasive 3D imaging of transparent and moving microscopic samples by capturing amplitude and phase information in a single shot. In this work, we present a compact, low-cost, real-time smartphone-based DHM system accelerated by GPUs. The system comprises a 3D-printed optical system using readily avail...

We have presented a new approach to separate small spectral $\mu$ and $y$ distortions of the CMB from foreground components with poorly defined spectral shapes. Our linear method, called the Least Response Method (LRM), is based on the idea of simultaneously minimizing the response to all possible foregrounds and photon noise while maintaining a co...

The purpose was to design and validate a battery of physical tests, called EFEPD-1.0, adapted to assess functionality in people with disabilities. In addition, we sought to analyze the validity and reliability of this battery both for the total group and differentiated by sex. A total of 43 adults with disabilities (32 women and 11 men) participate...

In this Letter, we present the characterization of the effect of atmospheric turbulence on frozen waves (FWs) using holographic techniques. Frozen waves are diffraction-resistant optical beams obtained by superposing co-propagating Bessel beams, achieving efficient shaping of their shape. Based on this, we developed a holographic optical system for...

We report a wide-field compressive diffuse optical tomography (DOT) system – optical mammography co-imager (OMCI) – which aims to augment tens of thousands of existing x-ray mammography or tomosynthesis systems worldwide by adding functional assessment of breast tissue and improve cancer diagnosis. The OMCI system utilizes large field-of-view struc...

In fabric production, an efficient inspection system for fabric rolls before garment manufacturing is crucial. The system must cover large areas of moving fabric to reduce hardware costs while accurately detecting defects. Challenges include identifying small, blurry, complex, or overlapping defects during fast fabric movement, which can lead to mi...

The increasing resolution requirements of imaging optical systems must be satisfied by expanding the aperture of the optical system according to Rayleigh’s criterion, and larger apertures of conventional refractive/reflective optics place a greater demand on manufacturing and transportation. Diffractive optics are applied to imaging optics to achie...

Microgrippers have emerged in minimally invasive surgery and biomedical applications, enabling tasks such as gripping, micro-assembly, and cell manipulation. Realizing microgrippers with multiple degrees-of-freedom (DoFs) enables higher dexterity and multi-functionality. However, due to their small size and limited working space, the development of...

The housing and bracket structure are critical components of multispectral cameras; the mechanical properties significantly affect the stability of the optical system and the imaging quality. At the same time, their weight directly impacts the overall load capacity and functional expansion of the device. In this study, the housing and bracket struc...

This study investigates the modification of the slit lamp, a crucial ophthalmic tool, by substituting a white laser for the conventional halogen light source. The purpose of this modification is to improve the slit lamp's efficiency and diagnostic capabilities. White laser technology enhances the visibility and differentiation of ocular tissues by...

The growing demand for high-quality components in various industries, particularly in the automotive sector, requires advanced and reliable inspection methods to maintain competitive standards and support innovation. Manual quality inspection tasks are often inefficient and prone to errors due to their repetitive nature and subjectivity, which can...

In the fields of biomedical and astronomical imaging, large numerical aperture (NA) and large aperture metalenses have demonstrated remarkable performance and extensive applications. However, characterizing the phase of these metalenses, which have small phase periods and large apertures, has been challenging due to the high space–bandwidth product...

The first Large-Sized Telescope (LST-1) for the Northern Site of the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) was inaugurated in October 2018 at the Observatorio del Roque de Los Muchachos (ORM) on La Palma (Canary Island). Other three LSTs are planned to be operational from 2026 in the same site. The LST camera requires a precise and regular c...

With the development of the security industry, the demand for complex environment detection lenses is rising. For the existing dual-band synchronized imaging zoom optical system, there exist problems such as chromatic aberration, difficulty in achieving a high synchronized zoom ratio, and low resolution, as well as poor image quality when the high...

The ability of PIV processing algorithms to accurately determine velocity vectors across the range of motion present in PIV images is characterized by the algorithm’s dynamic velocity range (DVR). Conventionally, the DVR of PIV is defined using the ratio between the maximum and minimum resolvable particle displacements, with the minimum based on th...

The deformation of the image plane due to gravity, clamping forces, and surface shape errors can significantly impact the exposure accuracy and imaging quality of the doubly telecentric projection optical system. To address the issues of resolution and image quality degradation resulting from non-conjugate image planes, this paper proposes a high-p...

Quadrupole mass spectrometers are widely applied due to their compact structure, easy operation, and mature technology, which offer high economic and market competitiveness across various fields. A complete quadrupole mass spectrometer consists of components such as the ion source ionization chamber, ion optical system, and quadrupole mass analyzer...

Iterative phase retrieval (IPR) algorithms are widely used in digital optics because of their efficiency and simplicity. Conventionally, these algorithms do not consider aberrations as they assume an ideal, aberration-free optical system. Here, we propose modified iterative phase retrieval algorithms that take into account the space-invariant (SI-P...

Bias instability is one of the most critical factors in the performance of spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) co-magnetometers. Previous studies on SERF co-magnetometers have shown that changes in the atomic ensemble temperature can lead to variations in the alkali metal atom density, which in turn affect the optical rotation angle and light shif...

Ternary Optical Computer (TOC) is unique in the development of optical computers, in terms of principle, experiment, algorithm and application. After 20 years of development, six generations of prototypes have been developed. At present, tri-state optical signal storage is the main problem faced by TOC. According to the characteristics of tri-state...

Aberrations in minimalist optical imaging systems present significant challenges for achieving high-quality imaging. Traditional methods often rely on precise aberration models, while deep learning approaches typically do not incorporate prior knowledge and lack interpretability. To address these limitations, we introduce the deep attention Wiener...

In this study, the effect of various parameters of a single screw extruder on the rheology and mechanical properties of a polylactic acid (PLA) filament with a 1.75 mm diameter was investigated. The barrel temperature, nozzle and cooling bath temperature, screw speed, nozzle diameter, water bath length, and distance to the nozzle were the process v...

High precision extrasolar planet detection based on the radial velocity (RV) method has important scientific significance for studying planet formation, galaxy evolution, and exploring the origin of life and extraterrestrial civilizations. The asymmetric common-path coherent-dispersion spectrometer (CODES) has great potential in the field of exopla...

In the simulation of partially coherent light propagation within optical systems utilizing the Wigner function, the constraints imposed by the Fourier transform necessitate that the dimensions of the input and output matrices remain congruent. Consequently, the extent of the image plane is dictated by the dimensions of the light source matrix and t...

Based on a generalization of paraxial optics and wavefront aberration expansion, we derive the aberration coefficients of main aberration types (i.e., third-group aberrations) in plane-symmetric systems. The derivation removes approximations used in prior work and includes contributions from freeform surfaces and induced aberrations to reach formul...

This paper presents the results of processing and systematizing data from laboratory and numerical experiments to correct the distortions of laser radiation propagating through a randomly inhomogeneous medium. The information obtained allows for an accurate estimation of the effectiveness of compensating for turbulent fluctuations in the refractive...

With the development of supersonic vehicles, aero-optical effects on imaging have attracted significant attention. However, previous studies have typically concentrated on the paraxial region, with limited consideration given to the influence of aero-optical effects within the entire imaging field. This study presents research findings on this topi...

HyperSCAN (Hyper Spectral Camera ANalyzer) is a hyperspectral imager which monitors the Earth’s environment and also an educational platform to integrate college students’ ideas and skills in optical design and data processing. The advantages of HyperSCAN are that it is designed for modular design, is compact and lightweight, and low-cost using com...

The infrared band occupies an extremely important position in the electromagnetic spectrum. The design of traditional infrared absorption devices relies on experience, which requires a large number of trial-and-error attempts and incurs substantial computational costs. In this paper, we adopt an impedance-matching-assisted design method to propose...

The hybrid-order monolithic imaging diffractive (HMID) lens was designed to address the issue of negative dispersion of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) in infrared minimalist optical systems. However, the imaging quality is negatively impacted by processing errors and aberrations of the HMID when it is expanded for large aperture use. The initi...

This study investigates the noise performance of a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) gas sensor using multi-quantum wells (MQW) and photonic crystal (PC) structures. Noise levels were evaluated using the Allan variance method, and the limit of detection (LOD) was found to be $3.8\times10^{-3}$ abs. at a 10 ms integration time and ${2.7} \times {10}^{-...

The article presents, theoretically and graphically substantiates the technique of a new arthroscopic approach to the central compartment of the hip joint. It is proposed to introduce the optical system of the arthroscope from below through the acetabular notch without traction. Similar approaches were used for puncture, arthroscopy, arthrography,...

We present a novel application of the Flexible Foil Mesh Generation (FFMG) method to model the $3D$ Focal Body generated by a spherical mirror collecting light from an infinitely distant source on its optical axis. The study addresses the challenge of accurately representing highly concave structures formed by the focusing effect. Through theoretic...

Robot-assisted polishing methods have attracted much interest as a replacement for specialized and costly computer numerical control (CNC) polishing tools to achieve high-precision polishing of optical components. This study theoretically and experimentally investigates the surface generation mechanism in the robot-assisted polishing of optical gla...

Super-resolution imaging has revolutionized the study of systems ranging from molecular structures to distant galaxies. However, existing deep-learning-based methods require extensive calibration and retraining for each imaging setup, limiting their practical deployment. We introduce a device-agnostic deep-learning framework for super-resolution im...

This analysis extends the previously published study of the effect of a nonadiabatic magnetic field on the electron beam for different electron beam currents. Specifically, it presents 2-dimensional maps of relative amplitudes of radial beam oscillations in a space defined by nonadiabatic magnetic field strengths and electron beam currents. As befo...

Control over and knowledge of the electron probe is important in all scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) techniques. This is emphasized especially in electron ptychography, where the accurate probe wave function is required to deconvolve illumination from the specimen. The majority of ptychographic algorithms, such as the extended ptyc...

Accurately estimating multidimensional positions and displacements in fluid dynamic experiments is essential for understanding complex flow phenomena. This paper presents a novel optical measurement setup capable of determining velocity fields using periodic coded optical apertures in a single-camera imaging system. Our method involves placing a pe...

Transparent polymers are key materials for producing a broad category of optical components. For specific uses, the material needs additional adaptation of its basic properties. In this context, the current article is focused on applying two kinds of treatments for tailoring the optical and morphological features of low-density polyethylene to matc...

The problem of determining the basic parameters and third-order aberrations of a two-element thin lens system with variable magnification is analyzed, which consists of two membrane liquid lenses with variable focal length, where the liquid in both lenses has the same refractive index and the curvature of both optical surfaces of the lenses can be...

"The Tyndall effect occurs when the light has a shape", when a beam of light through the colloid, from the perpendicular direction of the incident light can be observed in the colloid present a bright "pathway", this is the magical and romantic Tyndall This is the magical and romantic Tyndall phenomenon. This phenomenon is due to the wavelength of...

An athermal zoom system is designed to meet the light weight requirements of space station health observation applications. In this study, we employ a loss function to steer the material parameters within the front fixed group and to mitigate the focal power contributed by individual lenses. This approach facilitates the optimization of thermal abe...

Multiplexing and dynamic reconfigurable metasurfaces have been extensively studied to enhance optical system capacity in response to the challenges posed by the exponential growth of optical information. Among them, the mechanically reconfigurable strategy offers a cost-effective and low-complexity approach for capacity enhancement. However, the ch...

Conventional mirror support structures often fail to meet optical system tolerances due to inadequate mitigation of the installation stresses caused by machining-induced surface irregularities and inclinations. This study proposes a novel single-point central support using an arc-shaped flexible hinge. Materials for the mirror and support structure...

Background/Objectives: Primary brain tumors are difficult to identify intraoperatively due to their infiltrative character in the marginal zone. Several optical methods have been suggested. Of these, 5-ALA-induced fluorescence visualized through a microscope is the most common. The aim is to present an investigational probe-based optical system and...

Long-range detection and recognition of small targets has been a significant issue in areas of industry and business. One kind of small targets detecting technology is based on the conventional well-known infrared search and track (IRST) operated by optical imaging, making the recognition capability difficult to be further enhanced within the limit...

Phase diversity using a distorted grating is recognized as an effective wavefront sensing technique. The distorted grating is capable of simultaneously generating multiple images with specific diversity phases, offering advantages such as high efficiency of phase diversity image acquisition and resistance to vibrations. However, the application and...

The imaging processes of optoelectronic devices are affected by vibration in the transportation platform, which can cause image shaking and blurring. Nowadays, devices often solve problems of image shaking and blurring using motion rotors. However, there is relatively little research on the influence of optical fixtures themselves under vibration c...

The generation of large-scale entangled states is crucial for quantum technologies, such as quantum computation¹, communication² and metrology³. Integrated quantum photonics that enables on-chip encoding, processing and detection of quantum light states offers a promising platform for the generation and manipulation of large-scale entangled states4...

We propose a non-uniform Fermat spiral (NFS) array for small-channel coherent beam combining. Owing to the non-uniform array density and the changing distances between two consecutive channels, the combined beam quality is naturally improved by the NFS array. All the factors affecting the combined beam quality were analyzed in detail, comparing wit...

The SST-1M (webpage: https://sst-1m.space) is a Small-Sized Telescope (SST) designed to provide a cost-effective and high-performance solution for gamma-ray astrophysics, particularly for energies beyond a few TeV. The goal is to integrate this telescope into an array of similar instruments, leveraging its lightweight design, earthquake resistance,...

This paper proposes a scheme for an argon gas-filled broadband echelle grating spectrometer (EGS) that can cover the far ultraviolet (FUV) bands. Using a combination of fluid analysis and spectral analysis, the paper analyzes the impact of the argon-filling on the spectrometer systematically. The optimal structure for fluid uniformity in the spectr...

This study presents a simple optical system using ultraviolet C light-emitting diodes (UVC LEDs) to extend the postharvest shelf life of murcotts. The system featured a \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \se...

Surface defects strongly affect the stability and service life of bearing balls. In this Letter, I present a monocular line scan vision-based detection system for detecting surface defects on bearing balls. An optical system was designed to solve the problems of nondevelopability, large spherical curvature, and high reflection of bearing ball surfa...

In this paper, we present an asymmetric optical cryptosystem that performs multiple image encryption (MIE) featured with a secret image sharing (SIS) attribute, which holds significant potential for various security applications. The system is based on a novel normalized decomposition algorithm that breaks down the spectrum of each plain image into...

The application of active optical technology in a large field-of-view (FOV) pushbroom imaging space camera (PISC) can compensate for optical system aberrations caused by the space environment in real time. Additionally, it can improve the resolution while ensuring high imaging quality and enhance the value of remote-sensing data. The existing refer...

The free-fall atomic clock has shown considerable potential for long-term stability and mobility, yet reports on its design and implementation remain limited. Herein, we introduce a simple integrated optical system for free-fall cold Rb atomic clocks. A distributed feedback (DFB), frequency-doubled fiber laser, and a 780 nm DFB laser diode are util...

Aperture space telescopes are widely used in space debris size information detection and celestial body detection work. For the problem of limited space inside the optical system of large aperture telescopes, a space telescope mounting method based on the intrinsic coefficient sensitivity matrix is proposed by combining the wavefront detection tech...

Hopf links are important topological structures found in a range of disciplines. They represent the projection of higher-dimensional objects to three-dimensional (3D) physical space. Optical Hopf fibration texture has been demonstrated by synthesizing the transverse states of polarization and the phase. In this work, we demonstrate synthesizing Hop...

High resolution imaging represents a relentless pursuit within the field of optical system. Multi-frame super-resolution (SR) is an effective method for enhancing sampling density, while it heavily relies on sub-pixel scale displacement of a bulky camera. Based on the symmetric transformation of quadratic-phase metasurface, we propose scaled transv...

sol-gel activities at CSEM

Additive manufacturing of optical, electrical, and mechanical components is a beneficial approach for the rapid prototyping of components and error elimination, with short turnaround times. However, additively manufactured components usually have rough surfaces that need post-processing, particularly for optical components, where the surface roughn...

The modified Luneburg lens, otherwise known as the Gutman lens, is a gradient-index spherical lens whose focus occurs inside the lens in the stigmatic case (aberration-free). When the focus is set to lie outside the lens, spherical aberration is introduced. Recently, a scaled version of Gutman’s equation has been proposed to minimize this aberratio...

Digital holographic microscopy (DHM) using speckle illumination is one of the methods for spatial resolution enhancement and image quality improvement of reconstructed images. In resolution enhancement in using this method, the contrast of reconstructed images decreases because the amplitude transfer function in an optical system is modulated with...

Optical computing has gained significant attention as a potential solution to the growing computational demands of machine learning, particularly for tasks requiring large-scale data processing and high energy efficiency. Optical systems offer promising alternatives to digital neural networks by exploiting light’s parallelism. This study explores a...

In this paper, we present the performance analysis of 112 Gb/s polarization division multiplexed-differential quadrature phase shift keying (PDM-DQPSK) optical label switching system with frequency swept coherent detected spectral amplitude code labels in simulation. In this system, the payload consists of two 28 Gbaud channels which are orthogonal...

Optical sensors serve as pivotal components in the realm of non-invasive blood glucose measurement (NBGM) devices, where their efficacy directly influences the detection of weak glucose signals. This research introduces three fundamental design key points tailored for diffuse reflectance optical sensors employed for NBGM: depth resolution, detectio...

The protocol describes preparation of samples to be used in PIV measurements performed in OOC devices. Keep in mind that the substances and variables may change significantly depending on the optical system and OOC device used.

Radial graded‐index (R‐GRIN) lens, which has two flat surfaces, is a self‐focusing lens. It can precisely control the beam focusing and simplify the optical system structure, showing great potential in the fields of advanced optics such as optical communication, optical sensing, and optical imaging. Although R‐GRIN lenses working in the visible to...

Microsphere nano-imaging is a promising technique for label-free and real-time imaging, making optical sub-diffraction resolution possible. Due to the limited size and high surface curvature of microspheres, the magnified imaging suffers from the limited depth of field and low contrast. The performance of this technique depends not only on the geom...

Laser communication, which is known for its high data rate and large capacity, is a promising solution for future large-scale satellite constellation networking. However, the limited field of view (FOV) of current communication terminals makes establishing inter-satellite links challenging. This paper presents a wide-field optical system for laser...

We propose an automatic and accurate phase aberration compensation method for a digital holographic microscopy system. The phase aberrations are extracted by the one-dimensional weighted curve fitting method where the pre-compensated phase is obtained by the phase segmentation method based on the median absolute deviation (MAD) criterion, and the w...

Rapid large-area deep tissue imaging at long working distances is important for clinical diagnosis. A near-infrared metalens-based hybrid probe con-focal micro-endoscope (pCM) objective with a large field of view of 500 μm, a long working distance of 300 μm, and a small caliber of 2.2 mm was designed, which is compatible with conventional endoscope...

Utilizing feedforward to perform adaptive quantum operations on one entangled state according to the measurement result of the other state enables measurement-based quantum information processing (QIP). Until now, the bandwidth of feedforward in optical QIP has been limited to around 100 MHz by measurement with electronics. A potential alternative...