Science topic
Oncology - Science topic
Oncology is concerned with the diagnosis of any cancer in a person; cancer therapy; follow-up of cancer patients after successful treatment; palliative care of patients with terminal malignancies; ethical questions surrounding cancer care; as well as screening efforts of populations, or of the relatives of patients (in types of cancer that are thought to have a hereditary basis, such as breast cancer).
Publications related to Oncology (10,000)
Sorted by most recent
Objective:
Tumor genomic profiling (TGP) can inform advanced cancer patients' treatment decisions, and also reveal secondary germline findings-information about inherited risks for cancer and other disorders. We sought to develop a measure of patient perceptions of the clinical and personal utility of secondary germline findings.
Methods:
We dev...
Objectives: In this study we explored Bryonia alba as a new anti-cancer agent against liver cancer cells.
Material and Methods: The Bryonia 6C - an alternative medicine was applied on HepG2 liver cancer cell line to find out its effectiveness indicating
morphological and cytokine changes by observing cytopathic effect and RT-PCR study.
Results: The...
Lung cancer is associated with high morbidity and mortality
with symptoms deriving from both the disease and its treatment, resulting in
mental disorders such as anxiety, stress and depression which have been aggravated
amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper aims to investigate
the prevalence of anxiety, stress and depression among lung cancer pa...
Purpose
There is growing evidence of an association between inflammatory processes and cancer development and progression. In different solid tumor entities, a pronounced inflammatory response is associated with worse oncological outcome. In this study, we aim to evaluate the prognostic role of clinically established pretreatment inflammatory marke...
This article will elaborate how oncology care and research was adapted during the COVID pandemic in the Metropole of Lyon (France), including the lasting innovations that came out of the crisis. The research method involved 22 semi-structured qualitative interviews of healthcare professionals, managers, and researchers in the Lyon, France region co...
Background: Cancer has become a major source of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite the threat that cancer poses to global health, few countries have data on cancer incidence in Sub-Sahara Africa. The stage at which a cancer is diagnosed has a tremendous impact on the type of treatment, recovery, and survival, hence, correct staging is critic...
Parents of children with cancer face a high level of distress. One contributing factor to this is their need to make life-altering treatment decisions. To understand specific variables that may contribute to parents’ distress and decision-making preferences, we assessed correlations between parent anxiety, decision-making preferences, personal vari...
![Mechanism of action of CRISPR [33]](publication/374116292/figure/fig1/AS:11431281190658546@1695435031782/Mechanism-of-action-of-CRISPR-33_Q320.jpg)
The development and emergence of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) as a genome-editing technology have created a plethora of opportunities in genetic engineering. The ability of sequence-specific addition or removal of DNA in an efficient and cost-effective manner has revolutionized modern research in the field of l...
Objective: To describe the experience of nurses from a center in Portugal and two in Brazil regarding the use of non-pharmacological therapies in cancer patients. Method: This is a professional experience report. Results: In the Portuguese institution, a group of nurses has been performing massage therapy, reflexology, postural teaching, thermother...
Extensive application of technologies like phage display in screening peptide and protein combinatorial libraries has not only facilitated creation of new recombinant antibodies but has also significantly enriched repertoire of the protein binders that have polypeptide scaffolds without homology to immunoglobulins. These innovative synthetic bindin...
INTRODUÇÃO: A utilização de metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem permite o desenvolvimento de práticas baseadas no pensamento crítico, reflexivo e transformador, que ultrapassa os limites do treinamento técnico OBJETIVO: relatar a experiência vivenciada pelos preceptores da Residência Multiprofissional em Cancerologia MÉTODOS: estudo descriti...
Racial disparities in public health persist due to unequal representation of race in lectures, textbooks, case studies, and even clinical training in both health related and biomedical education. This racial disparity is also apparent in children’s literature. Children’s literature predominantly features white main characters, which is particularly...
Young researchers are the future of science and technology worldwide, and they play a crucial role in the development of our journals. In order to further enhance the quality of our journals and increase their international reputation, Oncology Research is now recruiting early career editorial board members. Our goal is to cultivate a pool of talen...
Background
Sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data collection in community oncology practices is critical to identify and address cancer inequities, but less than 20% of NCI Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP)‐affiliated practices regularly collect SOGI data despite widespread recommendations. We evaluated multilevel barriers and...
This study aimed to assess the performance of a tongue-positioning device in interfractional tongue position reproducibility by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Fifty-two patients treated with radiation therapy (RT) while using a tongue positioning device were included in the study. All patients were treated with 28 or 30 fractions using the v...
Plateaus in the efficacy of traditional methods for the treatment of cancer reached in the last decades call for the exploration of alternative models as their potential clinical complements. Here, the classical view of cancer as a tissue that is to be eradicated by methods describable by a compendium of militaristic metaphors is being challenged w...
Background
The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different third-line treatment regimens for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) through a comprehensive analysis and network meta-analysis (NMA). Additionally, the study aims to provide guidance on selecting appropriate third-line systemic treatment regimens for patien...
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). We describe the real-world baseline characteristics, efficacy, safety, and post-relapse outcomes of adult patients with R/R LBCL who received CAR T-cell therapy at the University of California San Diego....
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with those of elder adult patients treated with proton therapy (PT) for uveal melanoma (UM). Material and Methods: A retrospective, comparative study was conducted in UM patients who underwent PT at the Ocular Oncology Unit of the Jules-Goni...
BACKGROUND: The CovidSurg-Cancer Consortium aimed to explore the impact of COVID-19 in surgical patients and services for solid cancers at the start of the pandemic. The CovidSurg-Gynecologic Oncology Cancer subgroup was particularly concerned about the magnitude of adverse outcomes caused by the disrupted surgical gynecologic cancer care during th...
Introdução: O retinoblastoma é a malignidade primária intraocular mais comum na infância, é raro e corresponde de 2% a 4% dos tumores malignos pediátricos. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil clínico-epidemiológico e a sobrevida dos casos de retinoblastoma em um hospital de referência em oncologia do Estado de Goiás, entre 2008 a 2014. Método: Estudo obse...
Background
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly malignant cancer characterized by metastasis and an extremely poor prognosis. Although combined chemoimmunotherapy improves the prognosis of extensive-stage (ES)-SCLC, the survival benefits remain limited. Furthermore, no reliable biomarker is available so far to predict the treatment outcomes fo...
Background
Clinical Pathways in Oncology can benefit patients using organized interventions to standardize and increase care efficiency. Healthcare systems should have tools to identify their oncological clinical pathways for a better institutional organization to reduce mortality rates and contain costs without compromising quality. Our objective...
Introdução: A desospitalização na assistência oncológica compreende o “desospitalizar” como um processo de continuidade do cuidado e ações de saúde direcionadas aos pacientes na alta hospitalar. Objetivo: Entender o processo de desospitalização pela perspectiva do familiar, e verificar como a família está preparada para prosseguir com os cuidados e...
Introdução: O câncer é uma enfermidade que por longos anos tem imposto diversos desafios aos profissionais de saúde que lidam diariamente com os pacientes. Nesse sentido, o câncer faz a criança sofrer, não somente pela doença, mas devido as práticas necessárias para o tratamento. Objetivo: Analisar a atuação do enfermeiro e/ou equipe de enfermagem...
The COVID-19 pandemic and health services impacts related to physical distancing posed many challenges for older adults with cancer. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of the pandemic on cancer treatment plans and cancer treatment experiences of older adults (ie, aged 65 years and older) and their caregiver’ experiences of caring for...
Introduction
Cancer clinical trials represent the “gold standard” for advancing novel cancer therapies. Optimizing trial participation is critical to ensuring the generalizability of findings across patients, yet trial enrollment rates, particularly among minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, remain suboptimal.
Methods
We condu...
MDS microenvironment is complemented by non-cell autonomous alterations and autonomous expansion in some malignant clone as well which can state that the conceptualization of pre-leukemia has the complexity at the hematopoietic microenvironment in these patients. Moreover, the pre-leukemic/leukemic stem cell (LSC) model proposes a non-genetic mecha...
The cancer registry system is an important part of the cancer control program. Improper
coding of cancers leads to misclassification and incorrect statistical information about cancer.
Therefore, in this study, the main objective of the qualitative analysis was the accuracy
in assigning the codes to the pathological reports in the centers responsib...
Aims: To investigate the level of awareness and to improve healthcare professionals' and students' knowledge of the role of occupational therapists in Saudi Arabian cancer patients. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted via an online questionnaire among healthcare providers and healthcare students (male/female) in Saudi Arabia...
Fullerenes are carbon molecules that are found in nature in various forms. They are composed of hexagonal and pentagonal rings that create closed structures. Almost 4 decades ago, fullerenes were identified in the form of C 60 and C 70 , and following the award of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this discovery in 1996, many laboratories started wo...
In Brazil, the estimated number of new cancer cases between 2020 and 2022 is 625 thousand, and the most prevalent carcinomas are primarily skin (non-melanoma), followed by those of the breast, prostate, colon, and rectum. Although breast carcinoma still has a high mortality rate, it has a good prognosis due to the increase in early diagnosis and th...
Objectives
The study estimated the shortages of oncology medicines in Pakistan, their causes, impacts, mitigation strategies, and possible interventions.
Design
Cross-sectional survey.
Setting
Oncology pharmacists working at 43 oncology settings (out of 80) from five regions of Pakistan (four provinces (Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Baluc...
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is known to be an important prognostic indicator and clinical endpoint for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the correlation of the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage with HRQoL in HCC has not been previously studied. We examined the relationship between BCLC stage, Child–Pugh (CP)...
Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar as principais situações de urgência e emergência bucais que afetam pacientes com câncer, ao mesmo tempo em que busca compreender os desafios relacionados à prestação de assistência a esses pacientes na rede pública de saúde. Este estudo constitui uma revisão integrativa da literatura que foi realizada media...
Background: Outcomes for Persons living with HIV (PLHIV) admitted to hospitals in Uganda are relatively unknown. We determined the prevalence of mortality and associated factors in PLHIV admitted at a tertiary-level public hospital in Uganda.
Methods: We used routinely collected data for PLHIV admitted at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital (KNRH) f...
OBJETIVO: avaliar o número de eventos adversos do tipo extravasamento de antineoplasicos em pacientes oncológicos em tratamento em um ambulatório de quimioterapia de um CACON. MÉTODOS: trata-se de uma pesquisa transcritiva transversal com abordagem quantitativa secundária realizada a partir de dados secundários de eventos adversos realizados em liv...
Since EXTRA, a non-randomized phase II trial with 31 patients, explored the use of capecitabine, mitomycin and radiation therapy (RT) in the treatment of localized squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC), this treatment has been considered as an acceptable alternative to infusional 5-FU. However, the differences in efficacy between capeci...
Background
In node-positive breast cancer patients at diagnosis (cN +) that render node-negative after neoadjuvant systemic treatment (NAST), axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) can be avoided in selected cases. Axillary ultrasound (AUS) is most often used for re-staging after NAST. We aimed to determine sensitivity, specificity, positive predict...
Many patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive metastatic breast cancer (HER2+ mBC) require subsequent lines of therapy (LOTs) after being treated with pertuzumab and trastuzumab-based regimens in the first line (1L). Although the efficacy of the second-line (2L) therapies has been demonstrated in clinical trials, the real-wor...
Introdução: Os casos de câncer no Brasil têm se mostrado crescente e progressivo. Visto isso, demanda um conhecimento técnico científico aprimorado no que tange à prestação de serviços da equipe de Enfermagem que atuam diretamente nos cuidados com pacientes oncológicos. Objetivo: analisar através de revisão integrativa na literatura, a identificaçã...
Small-molecule drugs have enabled the practice of precision oncology for genetically defined patient populations since the first approval of imatinib in 2001. Scientific and technology advances over this 20-year period have driven the evolution of cancer biology, medicinal chemistry, and data science. Collectively, these advances provide tools to m...
Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the ovary is a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian tumours defined as a tumour composed of epithelial elements, histologically resembling urothelium and its neoplasms. Ovarian metastases from primary urinary tract carcinomas are rare. The differential diagnosis of primary TCC of the ovary versus metastatic bladde...
Trabalho com a única finalidade de difundir conhecimentos concernentes à Radioterapia, entre os médicos em geral, dividido em duas partes: a primeira visando conhecimentos básicos de ordem principalmente técnica e a segunda, as indicações do emprego desta arma no combate ao câncer.
1. Abstract
1.1. Background: Capecitabine is an oral prodrug used for the
treatment of various cancer diseases. Capecitabine is activated to
5-FU. The most severe adverse effect is “hand-foot syndrome.
1.2. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study is to evaluate the
incidence of hand-foot syndrome in breast cancer patients taking
capecitabine.
1.3....
Machine learning tools are increasingly used to improve the quality of care and the soundness of a treatment plan. Explainable AI (XAI) helps users in understanding the inner mechanisms of opaque machine learning models and is a driver of trust and adoption. Explanation methods for black-box models exist, but there is a lack of user studies on the...
To develop and validate a nomogram for predicting survival in intermediate- and high-risk neuroblastoma patients and to compare the accuracy of the nomogram in predicting survival with Children's Oncology Group (COG) risk stratification.
A total of 885 intermediate- and high-risk neuroblastoma patients were enrolled in this study, including 243 pat...
Purpose
Due to significant growth in the volume of information produced by cancer research, staying abreast of recent developments has become a challenging task. Artificial intelligence (AI) can learn, reason, and understand the enormous corpus of literature available to the scientific community. However, large-scale studies comparing the recommend...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global public health concern and its characteristics in Eastern Europe are underexplored. In this retrospective study, data of 225 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) from the Colțea Clinical Hospital’s Oncology Department in Bucharest were analyzed between 2015 and 2023. They were divided into...
Introduction:
In the last decade numerous real-world data networks have been established in order to leverage the value of data from electronic health records for medical research. In Germany, a nation-wide network based on electronic health record data from all German university hospitals has been established within the Medical Informatics Initia...
Background:
The development of drug resistance and high mortality rates are the major problems observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Biomarkers indicating and predicting disease development towards these unfavorable directions are therefore on high demand. Many studies have demonstrated that changes in miRNAs expression may be associated...
Prostate cancer is one of the tumors with the highest incidence and mortality among men worldwide, and this situation is no different in South America. However, epidemiological data are highly variable for each country and even more so than in North America. These data may be influenced by the very low rate of early detection of disease, availabili...
![Representative biomarkers in each cancer cell (Saito, S. et al. [32])](profile/Manish-Kumar-143/publication/373840875/figure/tbl1/AS:11431281188044971@1694499607279/Representative-biomarkers-in-each-cancer-cell-Saito-S-et-al-32_Q320.jpg)
Cancer is a complex disease having a number of composite problems to be considered including cancer immune evasion, therapy resistance, and recurrence for a cure. Fundamentally, it remains a genetic disease as diverse aspects of the complexity of tumor growth and cancer development relate to its genetic machinery and require addressing the problems...
Purpose
to investigate the rates of hospitalization, opioid prescription, supportive care, hospice referral and 30-day all-cause mortality in metastatic cancer patients with abdominal pain complaints admitted to general emergency room (ER) versus the Oncology Emergency Medicine (OEM).
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was evaluated, consisting...
Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer among women worldwide and in Egypt. Women who have tiny or medium-sized breasts still provide a difficulty for simple breast conserving surgery. As a result, the only viable options are implants or the Mini-LDF volume replacement procedure. However, mini-LDF still has some adverse effects, most not...
Many patients with cancer make use of complementary medicine alongside conventional medicine, but clinicians in oncology often lack the knowledge to adequately advise patients on the evidence base for complementary therapies. This study aims to provide an overview of recently published systematic reviews that assess the effects of complementary the...
This commentary asks the question 'where are all the psychologists in oncology departments? – it is evident in this postpandemic era of biopsychosocial, financial and economic strain that the time has undoubtedly arrived for oncology to move away from the ancient Cartesian mindset into departments and services that share a culture of shared practic...
Objetivo: compreender o conhecimento e a percepção de enfermeiros quanto à sedação paliativa em oncologia. Método: estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, com delineamento transversal. Participaram do estudo 16 enfermeiros atuantes na oncologia de um hospital de referência localizado ao norte do Rio Grande do Sul. A coleta de dados ocorreu p...
Background
Class attendance is important for academic performance. Personal interactions between teachers and students are difficult in large classes; the number of medical undergraduate students in China ranges from dozens to over 100. It is important for teachers to control the teaching process to improve student attendance and participation.
Me...
Background:
Lack of opportunity for radical surgery and postoperative tumor recurrence are challenges for surgeons and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. This study aimed to develop nomograms to predict recurrence risk and recurrence-free survival (RFS) probability after conversion hepatectomy for patients previously receiving transarterial...
Objective:
Radiation dermatitis (RD) occurs in 95% of patients receiving radiation therapy (RT) for cancer treatment, affecting 800 million patients annually. We aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a historical RD cohort, Radiation Induced Skin Reactions (RISREAC) cohort.
Methods:
This retrospective study evaluated RD-related clin...
A T50I substitution in the K-Ras interswitch domain causes Noonan syndrome and emerged as a third-site mutation that restored the in vivo transforming activity and constitutive MAPK pathway activation by an attenuated KrasG12D,E37G oncogene in a mouse leukemia model. Biochemical and crystallographic data suggested that K-RasT50I increases MAPK sign...
We analyzed the inclusion of sex and/or gender (S/G) in Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) clinical studies, through inspecting ClinicalTrials.gov (AACT) and the mention of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) on a specific subgroup, namely oral cavity, larynx and oropharynx. Only 5% of HNC studies mention S/G as a planned analytical variable. Proportionally more o...
Background
Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is a common gynecologic condition. Although it can be a sign of uterine cancer, most patients have benign etiology. However, research on quality of diagnostic evaluation for PMB has been limited to cancer patients. To extend this research, we examined the timeliness of diagnostic evaluation for PMB among pat...
Background
The DYNAMIC trial investigated the use of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to guide adjuvant treatment decisions in stage II colon cancer. Despite the DYNAMIC trial’s assertion that a ctDNA-guided approach could minimize the use of adjuvant treatment without compromising recurrence-free survival (RFS), we raised concerns regarding the trial...
CIEĽ: Predkladaný text poukazuje v teoretickej rovine na nevyhnutnosť začlenenia sociálneho pracovníka priamo do multidisciplinárneho tímu starostlivosti o onkologického pacienta. V empirickej rovine sa sústreďuje na skúmanie postojov študentov sociálnej práce k onkologickej sociálnej práci ako jej možných vykonávateľov. V jeho aplikačnej rovine je...
Background:
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a highly malignant subtype of kidney cancer. 90% of ccRCC have inactivating mutations of VHL that stablise transcription factors, HIF1α and HIF2α, only stabilised in hypoxia. The varied response to HIF2 inhibition, in the preclinical and clinical settings, suggests that assessment of HIF2αactiv...