Older Adults - Science topic

Population aging presents significant challenges to society. In transit-dependent cities, transit services are crucial in meeting older adults' travel needs and challenges. This study examines survey data from 928 older adults in Chengdu, China, between June and August 2023, to evaluate their satisfaction with three key transit services, including...

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA)is a degenerative joint condition affecting about 240 million people worldwide with rising incidences in India. The progressive nature of the disease leads to pain, reduced mobility, and diminished quality of life. Despite extensive global research, there is a lack of normative data on the cartilage thickness specific to th...

Objective To summarize the characteristics, estimate the efficacy of multicomponent structured exercise (MSE) intervention on older adults’ depression, and investigate its potential moderators. Methods MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched from January 1, 2000 to June 1, 2024. Randomized controll...

This study aimed to prospectively record the occurrence of adverse events and near-misses during sports in middle-aged and older adults who voluntarily engaged in sports in the community and to clarify the frequency and characteristics of such events. Participants were comprised of 14 groups (14 sports) of middle-aged and older adults who voluntari...

This paper explores the perfect fit relationship between mediatization and living landscape, grasps the rules of online social interaction of the elderly, redefines the mediatized social scene, and explains the new behaviors arising from the new scene, i.e., the elderly’s behaviors of interacting with the mediatized society. Using cosine similarity...

Difficulties remembering the faces and the names of individuals are two of the most common memory complaints among older adults (OA’s), with impaired performance on face-name recall tests implicated to be one of the earliest changes during the transition to Alzheimer’s disease. Studies in children, young-, and middle-aged adults have identified tha...

This study examined the relationship between nutritional intake and mental health, focusing on depressive symptoms among older adults in rural areas. Using data from the 2022 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), the nutritional intake of 465 individuals aged 65 and older was analyzed against recommended nutrient intakes...

Introduction: Falls are a major concern among hypertensive older adults, as they can lead to severe injuries and reduced quality of life. Understanding the impact of antihypertensive medication use on fall risk and fear of falling is essential for improving patient care and fall prevention strategies. Objective: To investigate the associations betw...

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may lead to long-term sequelae. This study aimed to understand the acute and post-acute burden of SARS-CoV-2 infection and to identify high-risk groups for post-COVID-19 conditions (PCC). Methods A retrospective observational study of the Bahraini population was conducted between 1 May 2021 and 30 Apr...

Population aging and its associated social and economic challenges have compelled countries worldwide to explore various solutions to address the aging population issues. Elderly-friendly cities and communities have emerged as a significant policy framework, promoting participatory governance tailored to the needs of older adults. This study aimed...

Aims To synthesise the current research on long‐term care workers' perceptions (i.e., attitudes, concerns, and expected functions) of robot‐assisted care and their perceived effects of different types of robot‐assisted care for older adults in long‐term care facilities. Design Scoping review. Data Sources A search was conducted in July 2024 using...

Background Rivaroxaban use has increased significantly among older adults; however, no definitive plasma concentration thresholds for bleeding or thrombosis have been established. However, dose adjustments for this population remain controversial. Methods Between January 2022 and August 2023, we analyzed trough plasma samples from hospitalized pat...

Assistance with daily activities is crucial for persons living with dementia and functional limitations, yet many face substantial challenges in accessing adequate care and support. Using harmonized longitudinal survey data (2012–2018) from the United States, England, 18 European countries, Israel and China, we found that at least one-fifth of pers...

Background A large proportion of older adults are pre-frail. Interventions aimed at this group provide opportunity to reduce progression of physical frailty. The aim of this overview of reviews is to evaluate evidence for non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention/reversal of physical frailty in community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 50 years....

In low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), where healthcare resources may be limited, the elderly are especially vulnerable to the adverse effects of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aging population in these regions presents unique challenges, highlighting the urgent need for effective, accessible, and culturally appropriate interventions to a...

Background The two phenomena colliding in this twenty-first century are population ageing and climate change. Moreover, the surge in disaster recurrence, either natural or artificial, poses a challenge to older adults and will further aggravate their health. However, engagement in social participation will be beneficial in diminishing depression am...

Background Population aging in China has intensified psychological challenges for family caregivers. This study investigates the relationships among social support, caregiving experiences, and depressed mood in family caregivers of home-dwelling older adults with disabilities, aiming to provide theoretical guidance for enhancing caregivers’ physica...

Background: Toenail onychomycosis treatment is challenging, especially in older adults, due to slower nail growth, increased nail thickness, and greater likelihood of concomitant medication use and comorbidities (eg, diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, reduced renal function). Unfortunately, published efficacy and safety data in older adults are...

BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is defined as self-reported increase in confusion or memory loss. There is limited research on the interplay between rural–urban residence and education on SCD disparities. AIMS: To examine rural–urban differences in SCD, and whether education moderates this relationship. METHOD: Respondents aged ≥45 y...

Objective The objective of the study was to longitudinally assess the relationship between different combined interventions (stimulation, intervention, psychoeducation, and physical activity) in improving memory, attention, and executive functions in community-dwelling older adults. Method This is a quantitative, exploratory and longitudinal resear...

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma, especially dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDL), is a rare tumor type primarily affecting middle-aged and older adults in the retroperitoneum or proximal extremities. This case report highlights an exceptionally large retroperitoneal DDL that had enveloped the entire right kidney and had adhered to nearby tissues. Diagnos...

Objective: To map records of Body Practices and Physical Activities (PCAF) conducted in Primary Health Care in Brazil from 2013 to 2021. Methods: Ecological study using Primary Care Information System (SISAB) data. Annual PCAF records were presented in absolute and relative values at state, regional, and national levels, categorized by team type an...

Background Elevated body mass index (BMI) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DKD). However, establishing a causal relationship and quantifying the resultant global health impact remain challenging. Methods A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducte...

Introduction Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a common sensory disability among older adults and is considered a risk factor for the development of dementia. Previous work has shown altered brain connectome topology in ARHL, including abnormal nodal strength and clustering coefficient. However, whether ARHL affects the hierarchical organization o...

This study investigated the relationship between psychological traits and chronic pain using the Structured Association Technique (SAT) method to evaluate psychological factors associated with chronic pain. The participants included 105 older adults (23 men, 82 women, mean age 80.82 years) who received rehabilitation services. Chronic pain severity...

Background Depression in late-life is linked to an increased risk of Alzheimer’s dementia (AD), with the risk potentially varying according to the age at onset of depression. Previous studies have typically dichotomized depression onset ages between 55 and 65 years; however, the specific age at which depression onset increases AD risk in older adul...

Background Sex differences in cognitive performance have been extensively documented. Understanding the underlying factors contributing to sex differences in older adults is imperative to promote healthy cognitive aging. Sex hormones, estrogens, and testosterone have been suggested to be associated with cognition. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity...

Background Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) are validated and frequently used screening tools for cognitive function. Aims To present MMSE and MoCA scores by sex, age and education among community-dwelling older adults. Methods This is a post-hoc observational analysis using data from the DO-HEALTH tri...

The composition and functionality of the gut microbiota (GM) changes throughout the life course. As we move into older age, it starts to shift towards a less healthy one, which may lead to an imbalance in the GM community. Strategies that can reverse age-related dysbiosis are an important part of healthy aging. Little is known about the GM composit...

Background Depression has a detrimental effect on an individual’s mental and musculoskeletal strength multiplying the risk of fall incidents. The current study aims to investigate the association between depression and falls in older adults using machine learning (ML) approach and identify its various predictors. Methods Data for the study was der...

Purpose The aim of our study was to investigate sociodemographic factors, comorbidities and health behaviors associated with self-reported diagnosed cataracts in a large, nationally representative population of older adults in Poland, aged 60 and older. Patient and Methods An analysis was conducted using a survey of 5956 participants in the nation...

Purpose Chronic low back pain is prevalent among older adults, who are at a higher risk for sarcopenia. The waist-to-calf circumference ratio has emerged as a health indicator, reflecting the balance between central adiposity and muscle mass. This study examined the association between waist-to-calf circumference ratio and sarcopenia, as well as fa...

Background Cross-sectional studies suggest that chronic disease burden in older adults is associated with lower activity. However, preceding life-course patterns of morbidity accumulation may also influence current activity and have not been well characterized. Using a well-described sample of older adults, we estimated associations between current...

Energy poverty (EPOV) is a critical issue for many countries, and is regarded as having an impact on subjective well-being (SWB). Using data from 2014–2020 China Family Panel Studies, this study examines the impact of EPOV on SWB from two dimensions: present-based and future-based. Our results indicate that the incidence of EPOV at the family level...

Background A verbal false memory occurs when one remembers a word (called “critical lure”) as part of a previously presented list despite its absence. This phenomenon may be linked to the semantic associations of the critical lure with actual list items. Aims We aimed to investigate the mechanisms behind the increase in verbal false memories with...

Background Intrinsic capacity is a crucial indicator of adverse outcomes and has predictive value for diseases and mortality. The objective of this study is to assess the association between nighttime sleep duration and intrinsic capacity in older Chinese adults. Methods Data were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (...

Introduction: Hypertension is one of the main health problems that often occurs in the elderly, especially those who are obese. An unhealthy lifestyle, such as poor diet, lack of physical activity, and smoking habits, can worsen this condition. This study aims to analyze the relationship between lifestyle and the incidence of hypertension in the el...

Introduction: Older adults represent a growing and vulnerable road user group. Our aim was to develop targeted interventions and preventive measures for decreasing road deaths in older adults by establishing the circumstances and the characteristics leading to such fatalities with regard to each type of road user. Materials and methods: Medico-leg...

Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for frailty in older adults, and studies suggest that frailty risk may differ by diabetes treatment regimen. To investigate the association between diabetes medication use and frailty, we conducted an observational cohort analysis of older adults with diabetes enrolled in the ASPirin in Reducing Events in th...

Background A low handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with several diseases in older adults. However, predictive biomarkers of future low HGS are poorly known. We investigated the prognostic efficacy of the ratio of plasma cystatin-c and total cholesterol (CT ratio) levels for predicting future low HGS in Europe. Methods The data was collected fr...

Aim To investigate the relationship between kinesiophobic attitudes and their causes and frailty in older people. Methods This descriptive, relationship‐seeking study was conducted with 302 people aged over 65 years. The data were collected through face‐to‐face interviews between July and September 2023, using a personal information form, the Tamp...

Objective: to understand the main feelings of older adults before cardiac catheterization and the expectations related to the educational process. Methods: this is a qualitative study, conducted in the hemodynamics unit of a public university hospital. Semi-structured interviews were applied to 25 older adults undergoing elective procedures, with p...

Background Falls represent a significant health concern among the older adults, particularly geriatric cancer patients, due to their increased susceptibility from both age-related and cancer treatment-related factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize global data on the prevalence and risk of falls in this population to i...

Purpose Intact tactile perception is essential to successfully interact with objects. While tactile examinations exist for capturing tactile impairments, recent investigations underscore that these examinations remain insufficient, particularly for adults following a neurological injury. To inform the design of improved tactile assessments, this st...

Background The use of dietary supplements (DS) has steadily increased over the last several decades, particularly among older adults, contributing to the growth of the multibillion-dollar DS industry. The cost of prescription medication is a known contributor to medication nonadherence, yet the cost burden of DS among older adults is not well under...

This study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Oxford Utilitarianism Scale (OUS-Spa) across three samples. The total sample consisted of 3,427 participants (M = 33.11 years; SD = 13.68; 67% female), including respondents from Spain (n = 1,047), Chile (n = 1,039), and Colombia (n = 1,341). The results support...

Background In China, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) poses a significant challenge to older heterosexual adults. This study explored the transmission dynamics of HIV infection among older adults in northern Zhejiang Province, China using phylogenetic analysis and transmission networks. Methods HIV pol sequences without any antiretroviral therap...

Disadvantaged areas may prompt or force older people to relocate due to a lack of services, the presence of crime, and area unattractiveness, but knowledge in this area is insufficient. The aim was to investigate whether older adults living in different types of disadvantaged areas in Sweden were considering moving away from the area, and to explor...

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant contributor to ischemic stroke risk and mortality, particularly in aging populations. This study examines mortality trends from ischemic stroke secondary to AF in the U.S. from 1999 to 2020, focusing on demographic and regional disparities. Methods Using data from the CDC WONDER database, this c...

Background. The first RSV vaccines for adults 60 years and older were approved prior to the 2023-2024 respiratory virus season. This study used data from adults 60 years and older, enrolled into the Community Vaccine Effectiveness (CoVE) cohort study, in Michigan, U.S.A, to evaluate RSV vaccine effectiveness (VE) and antibody correlates of protecti...

This study provides an overview of the effects of exercise on cognition in young adults. Most studies have focused on the benefits of exercise in older adults, likely because of the higher incidence of Alzheimer's disease and other forms of cognitive decline associated with aging. In this article, we analyze current evidence from previous studies a...

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) represents a significant challenge for health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which is influenced by sociodemographic and clinical factors. Objective: To evaluate HRQoL in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and analyze its relationship with sociodemographic and clinical variables, providing data for...

Falls are one of the leading causes of severe injuries in older adults, making the identification of fall risk using modern technologies particularly important. Systematic studies aimed at determining the optimal combination of sensor placement and movement features have shown that gait speed, measured using sensors mounted on the shank, is the mos...

Background Previous studies have shown that the referral situation after cognitive screening is not optimistic. However, little is known about the situation in China. The current study assessed the cognitive function of older adults with an Eight-item Ascertain Dementia (AD8) score of ≥ 2 in a community health center and investigated their willingn...

Background Identifying the past and future burden of kidney cancer (KC) and its temporal trends among older adults (≥ 65 years) at global, regional, and national levels is critical for effective prevention strategies. Methods The age-standardized incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were calculated using dat...

Although wearable activity trackers (WAT) are considered beneficial for health-management in older adults, their prevalence and impact on health satisfaction are unclear. We limited our study to older Japanese adults who used smartphones, tablets, or personal computers. We categorized the participants into WAT users and non-users. The survey examin...

Objective With the digitalization of objects and spaces, healthcare services are being reshaped globally, creating many potential applications. This study aimed to determine the application potential of remote healthcare services (RHS) in a hospital by considering the experiences, interests, and suggestions of health professionals, and examples of...

The burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease is substantial among adults aged ≥ 60 years and adults with risk factors for severe RSV. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare professionals (HCPs) related to RSV disease and vaccination, with a focus on adults aged ≥ 60 years. During November 14–30, 2023, a...

Background Poor vision has been associated with physical dysfunction and falls in older adults, but it is not known whether particular types of visual impairment (VI) may predict greater rates of decline in mobility over time in older adults. Methods Multi-center longitudinal cohort study of 2219 older adults (mean age = 75.5 years; 52.4% female;...

Background Previous studies have shown associations between periodontal disease and age-related cognitive impairment. However, little is known about the different cognitive functions that may be affected in patients with periodontal disease. Methods We reviewed the recent literature to better understand the bidirectional relationship between cogni...

INTRODUCTION Structural MRI often lacks diagnostic, prognostic, and monitoring value in Alzheimer's disease (AD), particularly in early disease stages. To improve its utility, we aimed to identify optimal MRI readouts for different use cases. METHODS We included 363 older adults; healthy controls (HC) who were negative or positive for amyloid-beta...

Background Understanding the differences between various instruments for assessing depression will help researchers and health practitioners to choose a more appropriate tool and develop a framework to enhance resilience to mental health problems in the older population. The current study aimed to compare the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Stud...

The ROUTINE-COV19 study explores the burden of COVID-19 in Germany during the early endemic phase, assessing disease patterns and their impact on the healthcare system from 1 July 2022 to 30 June 2023. Using anonymized statutory health insurance data from over 3 million individuals in Thuringia and Saxony, COVID-19 cases were identified through dia...

The global increase in the elderly population requires the examination of the problems related to aging. Meeting the multiple and increasing needs of older adults is critical for their health and well-being. This study aims to determine the prevalence of elder self-neglect and associated risk factors. Predictive correla-tional research was performe...

This research study explores an advanced approach for predicting Alzheimer’s disease by integrating a bi-directional gated recurrent unit (GRU) attention model with a chatbot-driven questionnaire, enhanced by reinforcement learning. Our method employs a structured questionnaire to conduct cognitive evaluations based on users’ natural language respo...

Objective To examine the effects of diaphragm breathing relaxation training and cognitive-behavioral therapy on sleep quality in the elderly. Methods In this three-arm randomized clinical trial, 99 older patients with a primary diagnosis of insomnia were randomly divided into two intervention groups (n = 33) and a control group (n = 33). The study...

Herpes zoster (HZ) is a painful vesicular rash that occurs upon varicella-zoster virus (VZV) reactivation in older adults and immunocompromised individuals. Although there is currently an approved vaccine for the prevention of shingles, its administration is commonly associated with high reactogenicity. This highlights the need to develop new vacci...

Objective To study the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and short-term mortality of hip fracture in middle-aged and older adults. Methods A retrospective cohort of electronic medical records at a single hospital over a 2-year period between 2020 and 2021. We received the records of 233 patients aged > 50 years who suffe...

Falls are a prevalent health concern with a multi-factorial origin and causing numerous complications for older adults, especially those in low- and middle-income countries, such as South Africa. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of falls among older adults living in different types of long-term care facilities in the City of Cape Town....

Background The emergence of eHealth services could contribute to improving individuals’ quality of life by optimizing effective and efficient care. However, various challenges might limit some older adults’ use of eHealth services. Objective This study aimed to understand the perspectives of older adults (aged ≥65 years) of different backgrounds r...

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis entails substantial morbidity and mortality, yet no epidemiologic evidence exists on its outcomes in Mexico. This study assessed national hospitalizations (2005 to 2022) and mortality (2000 to 2022) related to ANCA-associated vasculitis using data from the General Board of Health Inf...

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of respiratory infections in adults, particularly among older adults and individuals with chronic diseases. While traditionally linked to pediatric populations, RSV’s impact on adults, especially the elderly, is increasingly recognized but remains understudied in many regions. This retrospect...

Background Sarcopenia, the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, is commonly associated with aging, especially in older adults. While low serum calcium has been linked to muscle loss in individuals over 50, its relationship with sarcopenia in younger adults (20–60 years) is unclear. This study examines this association using data from the N...

Background and aims As the country with the largest and fastest-aging older population worldwide, China has hosted an increasing number of regional investigations into disability among older adults. However, the prevalence of disabilities related to physical function and cognition in southern China remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the pr...

Background Depression is prevalent among older adults, particularly those with somatic comorbidities, and is linked to cognitive decline and reduced quality of life. Driving may act as a protective factor by enhancing cognitive function and social engagement. However, few prospective studies have investigated this association. This study aimed to a...

Background: Subject Matter Experts (SME) play a fundamental role in shaping community-based research. Engaging SMEs (Phase 1) prior to community involvement (Phase 2) is imperative for generative and fruitful research. Despite the extensive body of literature on community engagement and the important role of SMEs, this literature is often coupled w...

The basic human experience of touch is essential to one's emotional, mental, and physical health. Touch is an effective nonverbal communication technique that strengthens social ties, lowers stress levels, and improves general health, even outside of its connotations of romance or sensuality. According to research, oxytocin, sometimes referred to a...