Oceans and Seas - Science topic

Studies of Earth rotation variations generally assume that changes in non-tidal oceanic angular momentum (OAM) manifest the ocean's direct response to atmospheric forces. However, fluctuations in OAM may also arise from chaotic intrinsic ocean processes that originate in local nonlinear (e.g., mesoscale) dynamics and can map into motions and mass v...

Esta aportación al análisis del concepto ONE HEALTH no puede comenzar de otra manera que no sea mencionando uno de los asertos más manidos de los textos que tratan asuntos relacionados con la mar: "Alrededor del 71% de la superficie terrestre está cubierta por las aguas de los océanos y mares". Dicho esto, resulta lógico pensar que nuestra salud de...

Education can play a key role in achieving Goal 14 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by raising awareness of the importance of sustainable aquaculture and coastal tourism practices. Despite the global recognition of the importance of the SDGs and their significance in promoting the sustainable development of oceans, seas, and marine resou...

In terms of evidence of the evolution of the Earth, geological or geomorphological areas have high value as geosites. The protection of geosites against environmental threats and their transfer to the future are necessary for the evaluation of the geological past of the Earth. The present study aims to photograph, classify, and prepare geosite iden...

Iceberg data in the Barents Sea is scarce. Numerical simulations of iceberg drift and deterioration as function of the environmental conditions, e.g. from models of atmosphere, ocean and sea ice, provide a useful mean to bridge this gap. The simulation results rely on the quality of the input data. We conduct a numerical experiment, in which we for...

Frequent fog occurrences over the ocean surface pose significant challenges to remote sensing and target detection in marine environments. Considering the complexity and dynamism of the ocean surface, we propose a predictive transmittance and reflectance model (PTR), which is driven by wind speed and utilized for predicting the transmittance and re...

SDG 14 “life below water” sets targets for the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas, and marine resources, however, it is increasingly evident that its targets are unachievable without strengthened state‐led maritime justice. This article examines the concept of “maritime justice” from an environmental crime perspective and explores...

SDG 14 “life below water” aims to conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for sustainable development. As SDG 14 is considered one of the most difficult goals to achieve, for the most part, academic discourse on SDG 14 tends to focus on the negatives. More specifically, the lack of progress, limitations and barriers in a...

This message method is to ALL OF Y’all This message method is to ALL OF YOU (Y’all), as to your personally being portrayed by You as to your written, presentation of being a scientist member or more of Researchgate. VOLUM II (2). With extended comprehensive exemplification of the How to do all as to its methods This message method is to all of you...

This message method is to ALL OF YOU (Y’all) This message method is to ALL OF YOU (Y’all), as to your personally being portrayed by You as to your written, presentation of being a scientist member or more of Researchgate. VOLUM II (2). With extended comprehensive exemplification of the How to do all as to its methods This message method is to all...

AS you all are fully aware of the NOW happening event of total atmospheric positive THERMODYNAMICS increasements. And as to that, the excessive elevating costs of being a life of this planet as being you! Therefore since y’all are being affected by the now globally environmental thermal increases of all continental, oceans, seas and as to all aqu...

The East African short rainy season (October-November-December) is one of the major flood seasons in the East African region. The amount of rainfall during the short rainy season is closely related to the lives of the people and the socioeconomic development of the area. By using precipitation data and sea surface temperature data, this study revea...

The western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone (WNPAC) often exists during the mature and decaying phases of El Niño, significantly affecting the East Asian summer monsoon. Previous studies have revealed the importance of the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans in generating and maintaining the WNPAC. However, a quantitative comparison of the cont...

This paper analyzes the ability of three conceptual stochastic models (one-box, two-box, and diffusion models) to reproduce essential features of sea surface temperature variability on intra-annual time scales. The variability of sea surface temperature, which is particularly influenced by feedback mechanisms in ocean surface–atmosphere coupling pr...

Understanding the variability of Antarctic sea ice is still a challenge. After decades of modest growth, an unprecedented minimum in the sea ice extent (SIE) was registered in summer 2017, and, following years of anomalously low SIE, a new record was established in early 2022. These two memorable minima have received great attention as single cases...

Among the most debated environmental effects of global warming is sea level rise, whose consequences are believed to exert a large influence on vast coastal areas in the next decades and hence contribute to determining near-future societal developments. The observed variability of the sea level is complex, as it is composed of large inhomogeneous,...

In recent years, due to the natural resources contained in the vast underwater world and the diversity of organisms present in it, including microscopic organisms, coral reefs, seaweed, many types of fish and marine animals, and the presence of submarines and marine detectors, modern methods have been turned to detecting and classifying underwater...

Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) reached a new record low in February 2023. Here we examine the evolution of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea ice system during the 12 months preceding the record. The impact of preceding conditions is assessed with observations, reanalyses, and output from the regional ocean-sea ice coupled model NEMO3.6-LIM3. We find...

Changes in the thermal conditions of the ocean surface, the interface for air‐sea exchange, are critical for understanding global climate and environmental change. Here we explore the evolution of sea surface temperature (SST) and the meridional SST gradient (STG) at orbital timescales since 4 million years ago (Ma), along with interactions between...

Ice shelves in the Amundsen Sea have experienced the most rapid melting in the Antarctic and are expected to accelerate throughout this century under climate warming. In this study, a high‐resolution ocean‐sea ice‐ice shelf model is employed to conduct sensitivity experiments to explore the effects of increasing melt rates of the Amundsen Sea ice s...

Plain Language Summary Southern Annular Mode (SAM) is the first leading mode of atmospheric circulation in extratropical Southern Hemisphere and has an important influence on climate. This study evaluates the seasonal response of Southern Ocean SST to SAM variations in the CMIP6 historical simulations. We found that the regional averaged Southern O...

The Southern Ocean connects the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, serving as a key hub for the global overturning circulation. The climate of the Southern Ocean is closely linked to the low-latitude equatorial Pacific, as well as the high-latitude regions of the North Atlantic, making it an important component of the global climate system. Due...

The shipping and freight forwarding industry plays a vital role in global trade by facilitating the movement of goods across borders. This abstract provides an overview of key factors influencing performance in shipping and freight forwarding activities. It examines the challenges faced by the industry, such as fluctuating fuel costs, regulatory co...

Marine soils are primarily formed through the transportation of rock and soil particles from adjacent land areas to the sea/ocean by wind, ice, rivers, and rainwater runoff, which accumulate on the seafloor. Waterfront structures are continually being constructed globally, either directly on these soils or in conjunction with reclamation projects t...

Simulating the ocean's submesoscale is key to understand the mass and energy cycles of the ocean and the global climate system. Contrast to the ocean's mesoscale, submesoscale processes are usually highly ageostrophic and manifest at the scales within 10km. Ocean general circulation models with kilometer-resolution are capable to resolve key submes...

Plain Language Summary Because of the vast heat‐holding capacity and the long‐term memory of ocean, sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) are usually taken as the significant factors to understand and predict climate anomalies. On interannual timescale, attentions have primarily centered on the tropical SSTAs, but recent studies indicated that...

River is a flowing body of water that moves from higher elevations to lower elevations due to gravity. It is a natural watercourse that usually starts from a source, such as a spring, lake, or glacier, and flows into a larger body of water, such as an ocean, sea, or another river. It is dynamic natural systems that can shape landscapes, influence e...

Objective: The relationship between Blue Spaces (BSs, defined as places near oceans, seas, rivers, lakes or any other large body of water) and well-being has increasingly been established in the literature. However, there is less research available to explain the mechanisms at play in this association. Drawing on research conducted on green spaces...

The observed Southern Ocean sea surface temperature (SST) has experienced prominent inter-decadal variability nearly in phase with the Inter-decadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO), but less associated with the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV), challenging the prevailing view of Pacific-Atlantic synergistic effects. Yet, the mechanisms of distinct...

Some of the most interesting geological features of the Chagos and other Indian Ocean atolls are the `reef flats', which are emerged conglomerate platforms extending up to 100 m or more to seawards. To determine their ages and rate of horizontal growth we dated fossil corals from various islands using U/Th mass-spectrometry. Seven out of eleven cor...

The proposed “Guanlan” ocean science satellite, led by China’s Laoshan Laboratory, includes an interferometric radar altimeter (IRA) as a key payload. As an integral part of its development, an airborne IRA experiment was conducted on 6 November 2021, with a flight path of approximately 90 km in the South China Sea. This study investigates the IRA’...

Flood is an overflow of water that covered the land surfaces that are normally dry. This includes overflow from water bodies such as river, lake, sea, ocean and so on, which can overflow because of heavy rainfall, snowmelt and/or dam break resulting in which water to escape out of its natural boundaries. A natural event occurs on the land surface t...

In Central Southwest Asia (CSWA; 22°N to 40°N and 30°E to 70°E), winter (November to February) precipitation contributes up to 70% of the annual mean, but substantial interannual variations exist. Dynamical models exhibit subpar predictability in this region, but the limits of their skills are not well established. Here, we identify the tropical an...

As a part of the Scientific Committee on Oceanographic Research (SCOR) Working Group #160 “Analyzing ocean turbulence observations to quantify mixing” (ATOMIX), we have developed recommendations on best practices for estimating the rate of dissipation of kinetic energy, ε, from measurements of turbulence shear using shear probes. The recommendation...

Plain Language Summary The dominant role of the IOBM in influencing interannual changes in summer precipitation in CA (CAP) has been indicated in previous studies. However, such a high correlation is unstable and varies with the AMO. When the AMO is in its positive phase, the eastward Rossby waves triggered by the warm SSTs in the North Atlantic Oc...

This study examines sub-seasonal precipitation anomalies, challenging to predict yet vital for society and the environment. Focusing on October, we investigate correlations between the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode Index (DMI), West Tropical Indian Ocean Index (WTIO), and Middle Eastern precipitation. We fnd robust correlations (~ 0.7), up to a two-m...

Lead is one of the toxic heavy metals in the environment and its concentration in oceans, seas, lakes and rivers should be controlled. Both hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and gelatin were extracted from the bone wastes of Talang queenfish and were used for preparation of a hydroxyapatite‐gelatin nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was used as a modifier...

The coastal environment represents a resource from both a natural and economic point of view, but it is subject to continuous transformations due to climate change, human activities, and natural risks. Remote sensing techniques have enormous potential in monitoring coastal areas. However, one of the main tasks is accurately identifying the boundary...

From summer to autumn in 2022, a severe drought lasted in southern China, posing serious effects on economic growth and ecological systems. This study explored the atmospheric circulations accounting for this persistent drought event. It shows that the drought in southern China during the summer of 2022 was strongly linked to the divergence of wate...

Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) reached a new record low in February 2023. In this study, we trace this record back to its possible origins by providing a detailed view on the evolution of the coupled ocean-atmosphere-sea ice system during the 12 months preceding the record. The impact of preceding conditions is assessed with observations, reanalyse...

Antarctic coastal waters are home to several established or proposed Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) supporting exceptional biodiversity. Despite being threatened by anthropogenic climate change, uncertainties remain surrounding the future ocean acidification (OA) of these waters. Here we present 21st-century projections of OA in Antarctic MPAs under...

Floating photovoltaics (PVs) are progressively constructed in the ocean sea; therefore, the effect that freak waves have on their structural design needs to be considered. This paper developed a dedicated numerical model coupling the floating PV platform and mooring line structures to investigate their dynamic responses under freak waves. A feasibl...

Stranding of the oceanic sea skaters, associated with autumn monsoon and typhoon, were investigated along the Japan Sea coast of Hokuriku and Tohoku districts in October and November 2020. Halobates germanus WHITE, 1883 was the most dominant, and recorded from Ishikawa (Noto Peninsula), Niigata, Yamagata, and Akita Prefectures. H. sericeus ESCHSCHO...

Southern Ocean surface cooling and Antarctic sea ice expansion from 1979 through 2015 have been linked both to changing atmospheric circulation and melting of Antarctica's grounded ice and ice shelves. However, climate models have largely been unable to reproduce this behavior. Here we examine the contribution of observed wind variability and Antar...

The blue economy is a key component of the global economy. It covers all economic activities related to oceans, seas and coasts. In the context of the blue economy, the interaction of the activities of the sea-coast system is considered a key source of economic potential that can contribute to sustainable innovation, the development of modern techn...

Seasonal prediction of the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) is important, considering its impact on the climate of surrounding regions. Here we compare the prediction of the IOD in two generations of prediction system developed by the China Meteorology Administration (CMA), i.e., the second-generation climate model prediction system (CPSv2) and CPSv3. The...

Subsidence analysis of Sarawak Basin using stratigraphic data from a selection of exploration wells revealed a multi-phase history of crustal extension (rifting), subsidence and uplift. A relatively rapid subsidence during the early rift phase from Eocene to Oligocene (ca. 37–28 Ma) was followed by a gradual decrease in subsidence rate as the exten...

Frequent fog and dynamic wind speeds in the ocean significantly impact the radiation transmittance and reflectance on the sea surface, substantially challenging remote sensing and target detection in marine environments. Establishing a model to study the radiative transfer more accurately in ocean-sea fog systems under dynamic wind speed conditions...

In this text the focus is on re-telling multispecies stories about life below water, and the specific focus is on how to tell such stories, which awake moral agency in humans to care what happens with life below water. Sustainable development goal (SDG) number 14 Life below water concerns about “conserving and sustainable use the oceans, seas and m...

According to the European Commission, the blue economy is all economic activities related to oceans, seas and coasts. Blue economy covers a wide range of interlinked established and emerging sectors [1]. Traditionally, like any sustainable concept, the blue economy includes the study of risks caused by economic-environmental conflicts [2].

This paper describes the global eddying ocean–sea ice simulation produced at the Euro-Mediterranean Center on Climate Change (CMCC) obtained following the experimental design of the Ocean Model Intercomparison Project phase 2 (OMIP2). The eddy-rich model (GLOB16) is based on the NEMOv3.6 framework, with a global horizontal resolution of 1/16∘ and 9...

In this article, we dive into the causes of the decoupling of transports in the Barents Sea Opening from the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) that was observed in the mid-1990s. To do so, we use specific ocean-sea ice model configurations to isolate locally and remotely forced transport variability in the Barents Sea Opening and investigate the rol...

Wind power input to near‐inertial motions is an important energy source for generating diapycnal mixing in the ocean. However, the distribution and long‐term trend of this input over the Southern Ocean have yet to be quantified. In this study, we investigate the near‐inertial wind power input (WPIi) to the Southern Ocean using a global eddy‐permitt...

The magnitude of global warming is controlled by climate feedbacks associated with various aspects of the climate system, such as clouds. The global climate feedback is the net effect of these feedbacks, and its temporal evolution is thought to depend on the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature pattern. However, current coupled climate models f...

A synthesis of current advances and approaches in the conservation of marine and coastal areas is presented. Protected Areas, Fishing Refuge Zones and Marine Spatial Planning, together, constitute a governance structure that has been built with great effort and represents an opportunity for effective management to operate in the achievement of cons...

The year‐to‐year fluctuation and total amount of spring precipitation over the Tarim Basin (TB) (SPTB) have both significantly increased after 1985. The data are then divided into two subperiods, that is, 1961–1985 (P1) and 1986–2020 (P2), and the contributions from various climate factors, including the North Atlantic and Indian Ocean sea surface...

Plastic is one of the most widely used materials. It is expected that there will be about 12 billion tons of debris dispersed into the environment by 2050. This, combined with marine littering, pollution and climate change will threaten our ability to sustainably use oceans, seas and coasts. In this regard, it is important to understand transport m...

The ocean is considered the new economic frontier due to its potential for resource wealth and economic growth driver. However, the ocean faces increasing pressures from overexploitation, pollution, biodiversity decline and climate change. In this context, the concept of Blue Economy emerges, which seeks to reconcile economic development with the e...

This paper aims to analyze the English adjective “heavy” and its corresponding word in Chinese, “zhong”, using the framework of lexical typology as suggested by François (2008). Through this article, we gain a comprehensive understanding of the various semantic meanings associated with “heavy” in English. These semantic meanings are derived from em...

Because of a spring predictability barrier, the seasonal forecast skill of Arctic summer sea ice is limited by the availability of melt-season sea ice thickness (SIT) observations. The first year-round SIT observations, retrieved from CryoSat-2 from 2011–2020, are assimilated into the GFDL ocean–sea ice model. The model’s SIT anomaly field is broug...

The processes driving the seasonal variability of the mixed layer salinity in the Arctic Ocean are investigated using a simulation performed with regional ocean – sea ice model at high resolution. While the seasonal variations of the mixed layer depth remain small, in particular under the perennial sea ice (O(30m)), the mean salinity of the mixed l...

The linkage between environmental conditions in the coastal ocean and the open sea varies greatly by region. It is important to clarify, on an area-by-area basis, what coastal monitoring information reveals about the open ocean and how much predictive information for the open ocean may be applicable to the coastal ocean. The Pacific Ocean off the c...

The right to fish carries along with it an obligation to do fishing responsibly which is the fundamental principle of the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (FAO-CCRF). There exist challenges in implementation of responsible fishing practices globally and hence appropriate communication, knowledge mobilisation and education across stakeh...

Known for Abu Hayyan passion and love for Sibawayh and his faith in his opinions, he was not satisfied with his mistake or appeal to him, we find him despite his love for Ibn Taymiyyah has turned in his position against him as soon as Ibn Taymiyyah dared to Sibawayh and accused him of error, all this was a motive to reveal the path taken by Abu Hay...

The transport of water masses with ocean circulation is a key component of the global climate system. In this context, the Filchner Trough in the southern Weddell Sea is critical, as it is a hotspot for the cross-shelf-break exchange of Dense Shelf Water and Warm Deep Water. We present results from Lagrangian particle tracking experiments in a glob...