Oceania - Science topic

Cultural number systems: A sourcebook explains, among other topics, why Xerxes the First once counted his army by having his men march through an enclosure big enough to hold 10,000 of them at a time, why the Hawaiian word for twenty means "nine and two," why irrational numbers were said to have driven an ancient Greek mathematician mad, and how ol...

Studying the correlation between rainfall and birth rates is crucial for economic and social planning. Research indicates that higher rainfall may lead to increased birth rates in African nations dependent on agriculture, while developed countries with advanced irrigation technologies show weaker correlations. This study investigated the relationsh...

Biological invasions are a key component of global change. Thousands of exotic plant species are distributed worldwide, potentially disrupting ecosystem functioning. There is a particular need to investigate invasive species at high latitudes, especially in the Southern Hemisphere, where research is limited. We conducted a study to evaluate the nic...

The elimination of poverty in all its forms is the first global goal of the United Nations’ 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Achieving this goal is recognized as a long-term process that is complicated by persistent vulnerabilities stemming from factors such as natural disasters, food insecurity, health challenges, educational disparities,...

The hepatic portal vein is the main vascular route responsible for collecting blood from the liver, spleen, pancreas, stomach, gallbladder, and intestines. Its key function is to metabolize the components acquired from the blood. The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of HPV variants and understand the possible clinical cons...

Current epidemiological data on interstitial lung disease (ILD) are still poor. The principal cause of the discordant data is associated with a heterogeneous group of respiratory diseases that includes a large number, about 200 families, with low frequency, distinct and sometimes unknown etiology, and different progression. In fact, some conditions...

This work aimed to review the main epidemiological data on zoonotic nematodes parasitizing tilapia of the genus Oreochromis (Perciformes: Cichlidae) with socioeconomic importance. The literature review was conducted in six specialized search engines, and a total of 320 articles were analyzed. After eliminating documents with duplicated information...

span>Global innovation, economic growth, and societal advancement require excellence in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. This study performed a bibliometric examination of articles related to STEM in education. A bibliographic dataset indexed in the Scopus database from 1980 to 2023 was analyzed using Excel and VO...

Setting standards has long been emphasized to ensure quality in online education both internationally and locally. As a result, comparing e-learning standards from different regions may contribute to developing regional and international guidelines. This comparative study employed quantitative content analysis to review the existing standards manua...

Introdução A Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (ATS) é o processo contínuo de análise e síntese dos benefícios e das consequências do emprego das tecnologias em saúde. Além da própria ATS e de sua incorporação no sistema de saúde, faz parte da Política Nacional de Gestão de Tecnologias no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) a racionalização de sua utiliza...

Testicular cancer (TC) is a rare cancer accounting for 5% of total urologic tumors. It occurs in distinct age groups of adolescents and young adults unlike other cancers peaking in the older age groups. About 95% of TC arises from germ cells. The histological classification of TC consists mainly of seminomas and nonseminomas. Based on GLOBOCAN 2022...

Background and aims: To improve upon the estimation of 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) event risk for individuals without prior CVD or diabetes mellitus in the Asia-Pacific region by systematic recalibration of the SCORE2 risk algorithm. Methods: The sex-specific and competing risk-adjusted SCORE2 algorithms were systematically recalibrated to...

Getah virus (GETV), belonging to the genus Alphavirus within the family Togaviridae, is a mosquito-borne virus that causes fever, rash, and edema in horses and fatalities and pregnancy disorders in pigs. It has caused occasional outbreaks in horse populations in Japan, China, and India, and endemic areas are gradually expanding, particularly in Asi...

High and Steep Dangerous Rocks (HSDRs) are widespread worldwide, and have always been one of the hot research topics in the field of engineering geology. To enable researchers in this field to better clarify the research object, content, and key scientific issues throughout their research process. This paper summarizes from previous studies: the cl...

The international migration of dentists is a growing but little studied phenomenon. Objective: Recognize the approach in scientific literature to the phenomenon of migration of dentists in different regions of the world. Method: An exploratory systematic review was carried out in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Lilacs and Web of Science databases in Spani...

Objectives Leukaemias and lymphomas are among the most prevalent and significant cancers in Australasia and Oceania. This study aims to examine the burden of leukaemias/lymphomas and its temporal trend in Australasia and Oceania from 2010 to 2019. Design Epidemiological study Methods Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 were used to...

Babanki virus is a subtype of the Sindbis virus, a widespread arthropod-borne alphavirus circulating in Eurasia, Africa, and Oceania. Characterized by rashes and arthritis, clinical infections due to Sindbis were mainly reported in Africa, Australia, Asia, and Europe. However, its sub-type, Babanki virus, was reported in Northern Europe and Africa,...

Introdução: As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT) são enfermidades com alta prevalência na população adulta e a principal causa de morte no mundo. Guias de prática clínica (GPC) são documentos que servem para nortear o profissional da saúde no momento da tomada de decisão. Sua elaboração requer alto investimento de recursos humanos e financ...

Crop performance data platforms have emerged as essential tools for the agricultural sector. Their purpose is to consolidate and organize vast amounts of data, enabling evidence-based decision-making. In this context, we explore the significance of these platforms and their potential impact on agricultural practices. As agriculture becomes increasi...

Understanding urban vertical structures, particularly building heights, is essential for examining the intricate interaction between humans and their environment. Such datasets are indispensable for a variety of applications, including climate modeling, energy consumption analysis, and socioeconomic activities. Despite the importance of this inform...

The Pacific islands and Island Southeast Asia have experienced multiple waves of human migrations, providing a case study for exploring the potential of ancient microbiomes to study human migration. We perform a metagenomic study of archaeological dental calculus from 102 individuals, originating from 10 Pacific islands and 1 island in Island South...

This article explores the multiple contexts behind ‘The Viole(n)t Cat’ by expatriate poet, Sāmoan Dan Taulapapa McMullin, now resident in the US. It is especially concerned with the ways in which the poem crosses national and hemispheric boundaries while remaining embedded in multiple instances of the local and translocal. While the poem begins in...

So much critical work about English language fiction by Indigenous writers from Te Moana‐nui‐a‐Kiwa is Eurocentric. Although Papua New Guinean writer‐scholar Steven Winduo argued 2 decades ago for the need to unwrite Eurocentric views of an ‘imagined Oceania’ and Māori writer Keri Hulme wrote disparagingly of Anglocentric ‘gods of Literature’, Samo...

Oceania is always already home to vast global relations. In this introduction we invite readers to navigate literary and other creative expressions emerging from these relations in the 20th and early 21st centuries. Critic Epeli Hau‘ofa (1993) disrupts colonial and capitalist constructions of the Pacific that frame its islands as sparse and isolate...

Tahitian author Célestine Vaite's novels Breadfruit (2000), Frangipani (2004), and Tiare in Bloom (2006) are set in 1970s Tahiti and written mainly in English, but they feature numerous occurrences of French, the colonial language of Mā‘ohi Nui (French Polynesia), Tahitian, the most spoken Indigenous language of the region, and Franitian, often ref...

This study investigates the capacity of Brazilian diplomats in Brazilian embassies around the world between 1994 and 2022. Data requested from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs by the Integrated Platform for Ombudsmanship and Access to Information (Fala.BR) was used. The data was tabulated, and the embassies with diplomats were grouped into five regi...

Technological advances have boosted the ability to obtain large and high-quality ecological data. These new technological tools have the potential to rapidly develop knowledge on how species behave and interact in ecosystems at relevant spatial and temporal scales. Comprehensive time-series datasets on the in situ behaviour and dispersal of wild or...

Sownal Chand FIJI METEOROLOGICAL SERVICES Numerical weather prediction and Artificial intelligence has improved forecasting and weather prediction for global model and developed countries. This evolution has made a major impact on small and developing countries by providing the global models to assisting in weather prediction, forecasting and analy...

Objectives Scabies is a neglected skin disease that disproportionately affects people from resource poor and overcrowded countries. Global data on prevalence and risk factors are limited. This article aims to estimate the global burden of scabies and identifies the risks associated with it. Methods Databases (PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Reviews) w...

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar a lotação dos diplomatas brasileiros nas embaixadas do Brasil ao redor do mundo entre 1994 e 2022. Para tal, foram utilizados dados solicitados ao Ministério das Relações Exteriores pela Plataforma Integrada de Ouvidoria e Acesso à Informação (Fala.BR). Procedeu-se à tabulação dos dados e, também, ao...

Background Subtropical coral reefs are comparatively understudied compared to tropical coral reef ecosystems, yet also host a diverse and abundant array of marine life and provide substantial socio-economic benefits to communities. Research into the impacts of ocean warming on subtropical coral reefs has increased over the past two decades due to i...

The research focuses on the ratification of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW), which has become an important global issue in international security. The research aims to analyze the factors that influence countries' decisions to ratify the TPNW, as well as to explore the challenges and concerns that individual countries face r...

Distribution of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases has been changing globally, which may account for the discrepant temporal trends of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. To test the hypothesis and identify potential contributing factors, we designed an ecological study based on the GDB-2019 data and extracted age-standardized incidence...

This article deals with some lesser-known key points of Margaret Mead's unconventional pathways of life and work. She raised many transcultural issues regarding female and male sexes that are still relevant and continue to animate current academic and politicaldebates. Mead’s numerous ethnographic research projects were developed mainly in field st...

To investigate the impact on career, leadership positions, and involvement in educational roles among participants in the International Visiting Physician (IVP) program at a leading Level I Trauma centre. An electronic survey was conducted among Denver Health Department of Orthopedics IVP program alumni from 2010 to 2024. Data collected included de...

The disease “sharka”, caused by Potyvirus plumpoxi (plum pox virus), is the most harmful viral disease affecting stone fruits. The virus spreads over long distances through illegal and insufficiently controlled exchange of infected propagative plant material. Once established in an area, the virus spreads locally through vegetative propagation of i...

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El género Opuntia cuenta con alrededor de 200 especies, es endémico del continente americano y naturalizado en África, Asia, Europa y Oceanía. México es su principal centro de diversificación con cerca de 100 especies. Se caracteriza por sus tallos aplanados, conocidos como cladodios y por la presencia de glóquidas (comúnm...

Introdução: O uso de animais silvestres como pets é uma prática disseminada culturalmente em todo o mundo. Os quelônios neotropicais se destacam por serem frequentemente comercializados, tanto no mercado nacional como internacional. Objetivos: registrar as espécies de quelônios utilizados no comércio de animais de estimação, identificar as regiões...

Climate change control requires more land to increase ecosystem carbon sequestration. With the high-intensity development of mineral resources in past decades, massive mining areas have been generated worldwide. However, few studies have evaluated the carbon sequestration of these mining areas. In this study, we analyzed the net ecosystem productiv...

Ex situ conservation of plants is a current and urgent issue, especially in the Brazilian context. While Brazil has the world's highest plant diversity, few consistent initiatives are aimed at conserving the potential of our living collections toward reaching Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC). Objective II of GSPC calls...

Past nuclear weapons testing (NWT) and nuclear power plant (NPP) accidents have resulted in the ubiquitous deposition of radionuclides in the environment. While radionuclide contamination of the environment is associated with concerning health risks, these fallout radionuclides (FRNs) are considered the privileged markers (“golden spikes”) of the A...

Background The relationship between sarcopenia and the prognosis of patients with tumours who received radio‐ and/or chemotherapy still needs to be determined. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and adverse effects and mortality in patients with tumours that received radio‐ and/or chemotherapy, stratified by st...

Remote Oceania was among the last places settled by humans. However, the timing of initial human settlements and the early introduction of horticulture remain debated. We retrieved a sediment core close to Teouma, the oldest cemetery in Remote Oceania that reveals evidence of initial settlement, horticulture practice, and concurrent climatic condit...

Molding and casting faces, hands, and feet were part of the various knowledge-making strategies of anthropologists since the 19th century. This study focuses on a collection of facial masks obtained by the German anthropologist Otto Finsch from live subjects of native people from Oceania and held by the Museo de La Plata, Argentina. We’ve analysed...

Description of the first observation of a bifurcated tail in an adult arboreal skink, Epibator nigrofasciolatus (Peters, 1869). This is the first published case for the genus and the first bifurcated tail described in a lizard for New Caledonia. Keywords: Reptilia; Sauria; Scincidae; Oceania; Océanie; Pacific; Pacifique; New Caledonia; Nouvelle-Ca...

The purposes of this systematic review (PROSPERO ID: CRD42024510614, no funding source) were to quantify relationships between situational and dispositional dichotomous achievement goals and sport performance and explore potential relationship moderators. Published studies that reported at least one situational or dispositional achievement goal and...

Background: Prostate cancer is the second most common neoplasm in men, with projections estimating over one million new cases by 2045. Differentially expressed genes can significantly enhance the diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and prognosis of this disease. Purpose: to systematically review and analyze validated differentially expressed mRNAs in...

The purpose of this study was to use data from the World Happiness Report to conduct an in-depth analysis of the factors that influence the World Happiness Index (WHI) and to look for other factors that may influence happiness. In this paper, the correlation graph shows that among the original six variables, Social Support has the strongest correla...

As Elie Shafak has written, women have always been the carriers of memory, and To Be Heard: Women’s Voices across Land and Sea grew from invitations sent to women in 2024 to write on themselves and issues for women in their country today. Chapters include Oceania (Kiribati, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, Australia); Asia (Afghanistan, Lao PDR, India, Uz...

Cervical cancer remains a disease burden in Asia. The Asia and Oceania Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology envisages a need to produce a set of recommendations on the implementation of human papilloma virus vaccination program for both lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs), with an attempt to harmonize the pract...

Background and Aims The incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] has risen over the past decade to become a global issue. The objectives of this review were to describe the incidence and/or prevalence of IBD in the era of advanced therapies, and to describe the association between environmental risk factors and both pathogenesis and disease c...

The Journal of the International Society for Plastination (JISP) was first published in 1987; it was re-launched as The Journal of Plastination in 2012. In 1999, Regis Olry published an analysis of the first seventeen issues of the journal. Olry's study aimed to assess the evolution of the journal by analyzing data of the full-length papers. In the...

The article assesses gender-based violence and women's welfare in Uganda. the article revealed that violence against women is endemic across the world. One-third or more of the world's women experience abuse, violence, or hurt at the hands of men during their lifetimes. These men are often familiar and may claim to care for them. Furthermore, women...

El envejecimiento de las personas origina cambios en el ámbito económico y demográfico de la población, provocando que un alto porcentaje de adultos mayores permanezcan en el mercado laboral. Para buscar bibliografía referente a esta problemática se realizó un análisis bibliométrico de la evolución y estado actual del tema. Como resultado, se encon...

The proposed volume intends to make use of some empirical studies to gain practical insights into the issues concerning sustainable food systems in the Global South. This will include an in-depth analysis of the current trends in these countries, the challenges they face in attaining sustainable food systems as well as the policy frameworks. Consid...

Background Estimation of global diabetes burden in adolescents and young adults (10–24 years) from 1990 to 2021. Methods Data were extracted from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease Study. Joinpoint regression analysis was employed to examine trends over the past 30 years, frontier analysis identified regions with potential for improvement, and the...

Abstract: George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four is considered one of the pillars of twentieth-century English dystopian fiction. In the narrative, Oceania is a futuristic setting where behavior, thought, and emotion are constantly surveilled and dissent is violently punished. Indeed, the protagonists Winston and Julia politically revolt against the...

Nonsurgical therapies have been recommended and employed as a less invasive and cost-effective modality in managing periodontitis. In this context, different therapeutic protocols have been tested in the last decades. Therefore, mapping the scientific trends and patterns provides critical insights into the state of research in the field, which has...

The fast expansion of the electric vehicle market has led to a significant increase in the demand for traction batteries, an essential element in these vehicles that provide the opportunity to achieve low-carbon and environmentally friendly growth and carbon neutrality. By analyzing the network structure and key trading countries from 2000 to 2021,...

The fast expansion of the electric vehicle market has led to a significant increase in the demand for traction batteries, an essential element in these vehicles that provide the opportunity to achieve low-carbon and environmentally friendly growth and carbon neutrality. By analyzing the network structure and key trading countries from 2000 to 2021,...

Bacillus cereus, a global threat, is one of the major causes of toxin-induced foodborne diseases. However, a comprehensive assessment of the prevalence and characteristics of B. cereus worldwide is still lacking. Here, we applied whole-genome sequence analysis to 191 B. cereus collected in Africa, America, Asia, Europe, and Oceania from the 1900s t...

This study aims to compare the geographical and disciplinary coverage of OA journals in three databases: OpenAlex, Scopus and the WoS. We used the ROAD database, managed by the ISSN International Centre, as a reference database which indexes 62,701 OA active resources (as of May 2024). Among the 62,701 active resources indexed in the ROAD database,...

Little is known about differences in child developmental vulnerability before school entry according to maternal birthplace and sex. Official immigration records were linked with the Early Development Instrument assessments among children in kindergarten in the province of Manitoba, Canada (2005–2017). Logistic regression was used to estimate odds...

The IPCC AR5 WGⅠhighlighted four priority areas for disaster risk reduction, with the first being the understanding of disaster risk. Meanwhile, the Earth is increasingly responding to climate change through natural disasters. This study proposes a Natural Disaster Impact Evaluate Formula （NDIEF）, focusing on six continents and utilizing data from...

Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major agricultural pest, primarily in Asia and Oceania. Chemical odor-based trapping is a major method used to control S. litura , and thus understanding the antennal sensilla of S. litura is critical for improving the efficacy of the attractants used in the pest control. In the present stud...

Pv47 is the Plasmodium vivax ortholog of Pfs47, a surface protein that allows the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite to evade the mosquito immune system. Mutations in Pfs47 have enabled P. falciparum to adapt to different vectors worldwide, and it has a marked population structure due to natural selection by evolutionarily distant mosquito spec...

Este estudio identifica las redes sociales más utilizadas en diferentes regiones del mundo. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de las plataformas más populares en Asia, África, Europa, América del Norte, América del Sur y Oceanía, utilizando datos confiables. Los resultados muestran que Facebook lidera en todos los continentes, seguido por YouTube,...

This study assessed the global cancer burden due to occupational carcinogens (OCs) using data from Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021. Mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) were employed to assess the evolving trend of cancer attributable to occupational risk. The analysis was conducted by age, year, geographical location, and socio...

Annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) is an important forage grass in all temperate regions of the world. Breeding programs develop improved varieties at both the diploid and tetraploid levels, and in both the biennial (italicum) and annual (westerwoldicum) subspecies. Cultivars are often commercialized outside of their country of origin, and b...

The brush-footed trapdoor spiders (Barychelidae Simon, 1889) represent a family of mygalomorphs that includes 285 species spread in 39 genera. Barychelids are mainly tropical spiders, distributed from South America to Oceania. The African barychelid fauna is the second most diverse in number of spiders described within the family, with 41 species k...

This systematic review focused on the benefits of invasive alien plant species (IAPS) for human well-being. It examines the intellectual structure of knowledge of these benefits to identify knowledge gaps for future research and explore sustainable management practices to manage IAPS. The screening of bibliometric data from 1601 publications in Sco...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in low and lower-middle income countries. Data from the third iteration of the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas (ISN-GKHA) were used to evaluate the organization of structures and services for th