Neutrophils - Science topic

Background & Aim: Probiotics have been known to modulate the immune system and help reduce the risk of infections in infants. This study aims to investigate the impact of probiotics on term babies' health parameters. However, their effectiveness in term babies is still under investigation. Results: A total of 170 cases were analyzed and reported in...

Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells in the immune system, play a crucial role in breast cancer progression through their ability to polarize into two distinct phenotypes: N1 and N2. N1 neutrophils are considered antitumor effector cells that promote immune responses and inhibit tumour growth, while N2 neutrophils support tumour progres...

Neutrophils are key components of the immune system and play a significant role in the tumour microenvironment (TME) of breast cancer. These cells can undergo polarization into two distinct phenotypes: N1 and N2 neutrophils. N1 neutrophils are typically associated with antitumor immunity, characterized by the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine...

Air pollutants seriously affect global health. Among these, particulate matter (PM10) can enter the respiratory tract, attract immune cells and cause inflammatory and cytotoxic phenomena that alter lung function and increase susceptibility to respiratory virus infections. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory respo...

Background The glutaraldehyde test (GT) is used as a point‐of‐care test to detect inflammatory disease in cattle. Objectives Describe the relationship between GT and fibrinogen as well as GT and total protein (TP) and determine the ability of the GT to predict death in cattle with and without sepsis. Animals A total of 367 hospitalized, adult cat...

Background While the appearance of red clots in the dialyzer and the arterial and venous blood tubing lines is a common phenomenon in every hemodialysis unit, the occurrence of recurrent yellowish-white matter formation in the hemodialysis venous blood pot of a patient is rare. Case presentation We describe a male 69-year-old male with recurrent y...

To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, this study involved 739 children with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection who were admitted to multiple medical institutions in Zhuhai City from December 15, 2022 to January 24, 2023. Epidemiological and clinical data we...

Neutrophils are integral to the frontline defense against pathogenic bacterial and fungal invasions. Beyond their traditional roles, these cells are increasingly recognized for their dualistic contributions to the pathology of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, as well as their complex involvement in cancer progression. Neutrophils interact with...

Background and objective No-reflow phenomenon (NR) is a serious complication with increased morbidity and mortality in percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Studies on the relationship between the NR and mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet count (PLT) are controversial. Pl...

Objective Sepsis is a life-threatening condition with high global morbidity and mortality. Citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) has gained recognition as a significant biomarker for early sepsis diagnosis and management. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting both CitH3 and S100A8/A9 to reduce sepsis-induced inflammation...

Citation: Pasare, M.-A.; Prepeliuc, C.S.; Grigoriu, M.G.; Miftode, I.-L.; Miftode, E.G. Biomarkers as Beacons: Illuminating Sepsis-Associated Hepato-Renal Injury. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 4825. https://doi. Abstract: Sepsis, defined as a dysregulated host response to infection, is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. It unleashes in...

Bronchiectasis (BE) and bronchomalacia (BM) are chronic respiratory diseases in dogs, yet their combined occurrence (BEBM) is not well studied. This retrospective study analyzed 65 dogs diagnosed via endoscopy with BE, BM, or BEBM (E-BE, E-BM, E-BEBM) to identify clinical and pathological differences and assess how imaging results (radiography and...

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are major causes of mortality of critically ill patients. Impaired macrophage-mediated clearance of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) in ARDS contributes to prolonged inflammation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GG...

Purpose of Review Advances in immunology and molecular biology have shifted the management of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) from phenotype-based classification to endotype-driven approaches. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CRS endotypes, their clinical implications, and their role in guiding personalized medical and surgical...

Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with a poor prognosis. The association between the neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) with mortality in patients with ICH remains underexplored. This study investigated the relationship between the NAR and mortality in patients with ICH. Methods A multicenter retrospective observational cohort...

Inflammation is critical for controlling infections but can cause disease when unchecked. During Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, neutrophil-dominated inflammation is associated with exacerbated disease. ATG5 expression by neutrophils mediates autophagy-independent control of infection but mechanistic understanding of how this regulates...

Background Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are released by neutrophils and comprise web-like structures that play a vital role in fighting infections. NETs have also been involved in various thrombosis and hemostasis mechanisms. This review aims to outline the current understanding of NETs in these processes, their mechanisms of action, their...

Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) and the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling pathways are pivotal in psoriasis, influencing epidermal development, inflammatory cell chemotaxis, and inflammatory factor release. Despite their significant roles, the intricate relationship between LCN2 and TWEAK/Fn14 pathways remains unclear. Our study revealed the correlation between the expressi...

Objective Recent studies have identified the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil/lymphocyte × platelet ratio as promising prognostic markers in patients with sepsis. This study aims to evaluate the discriminatory ability of these ratios to predict mortality and requirement for renal replacement therapy at discharg...

The present study aimed to evaluate the impact, challenges, and outcome by adding bortezomib to the FLAG (fludarabine, cytarabine, and filgrastim) regimen in these populations in a resource-constraint setting. A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary cancer center in India from January 2022 to September 2024 involving patients...

Background Glioma, a prevalent malignant intracranial tumor, exhibits limited therapeutic efficacy due to its immunosuppressive microenvironment, leading to a poor prognosis for patients. ARHGDIB is implicated in the remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of various tumors. However, its regulatory...

Purpose Abnormal liver function is common post-surgery and is linked to poor prognosis. We investigated whether intraoperative subanesthetic esketamine could improve postoperative liver function and recovery quality by reducing surgery-induced inflammation in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Patients and methods In this...

β-lactam antibiotics are widely used to treat bacterial infections, yet treatment failures frequently occur even without resistance. Here, we show that the innate immune protein calprotectin (CP), released by neutrophils and abundant at infection sites, induces tolerance to β-lactam antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus. CP is a potent zinc chelator...

Introduction: Peri-prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a significant complication of arthroplasty, lacking a single gold standard diagnostic test. Synovial fluid white blood cell (WBC) count and polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) proportion are widely used diagnostic tools, but their optimal cutoffs remain unclear, particularly for chronic PJI. Mat...

Purpose Dematiaceous fungi, such as Phialophora verrucosa (P. verrucosa), cause persistent infections that are difficult to treat. The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2 in the innate immune defense against P. verrucosa infections. Methods A subcutaneous infection model was employed, in which live P. v...

This study aimed to evaluate the physical stress associated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), a catheter-based treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma, by examining changes in serum opsonic activity (SOA). SOA was examined by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by neutrophils using lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence (LgCL)...

Background The combination of anlotinib with chemotherapy has demonstrated encouraging efficacy in the treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective of this phase 1/2 trial was to establish the maximum tolerated dose of anlotinib in combination with docetaxel and to assess the efficacy and safety of this regimen in patients with adv...

Background Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common treatment-related complication in pediatric cancer patients with substantial morbidities and mortalities. Previous studies reported that neutrophil CD64 (n CD64) had higher diagnostic accuracy for infection with high sensitivity and specificity in neonates, pediatrics and adult patients. We aimed to e...

Background Recurrence rates of atrial fibrillation (AF) remain high after radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA), and inflammation plays an important role in the process. Inflammatory burden index (IBI) as a new inflammatory marker has been found to be associated with worse prognosis in cardiovascular disease. But there are no studies on its role...

Background We studied whether ozone (O 3 ) exposure will affect the occurrence of KD, in Xiamen. Methods A time-stratified case-crossover design was conducted to explore the relationship between O 3 exposure and KD in children. A total of 604 participants from 2017 to 2024 were included. Artificial intelligence technology combined with large data...

Objective To evaluate the association between the inflammatory biomarkers and the prevalence of febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) after double-J (DJ) stent removal in pediatrics following laparoscopic pyeloplasty (LP). Methods A retrospective study was conducted in pediatrics underwent DJ stent removal following LP owing to primary ureteropel...

Introduction Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a pivotal role in immunity and autoinflammatory disease, leading us to hypothesize that NETs are crucial in Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods By collecting six Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets from the GEO database and dividing them into discovery and val...

Background: Epigenetic clocks are widely applied biomarkers of biological age, but their biological underpinnings remain unclear. We previously showed that epigenetic clocks are affected by naive and memory T cell proportions, suggesting blood cell composition as a potential driver. Methods: Here, we quantify the contribution of cell counts to DNA...

Bacterial lung infections cause severe host responses. Here, we showed that global deficiency of caspase-1 can protect against lethal pulmonary Escherichia coli infection by reducing the necroptosis of infiltrated neutrophils, which are key players in immune responses in the lung. Mechanistically, neutrophil necroptosis was not directly triggered i...

Anemia remains a significant global health challenge, driven by complex inflammatory mechanisms. This study investigated the association between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) and anemia risk, utilizing data from 24,938 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2018). Multivariable logistic regression...

Sweet syndrome or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis is a very uncommon condition, especially in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Sweet syndrome is characterized by painful erythematous plaques, papules, and nodules of abrupt onset, associated with fever and malaise. We describe a 44‐year‐old woman on chronic hemodialysis due to diabetic nephro...

Objective This study aims to explore whether Naples prognostic score (NPS) serves as a novel and original prognostic tool for predicting long-term survival in stage III breast cancer patients undergoing operation. Methods This retrospective study included 306 cases of stage III breast cancer patients hospitalized in our hospital from January 2014...

Estimating production and loss rates of cell populations is essential but difficult. The current state-of-the-art method to estimate these rates involves mathematical modelling of deuterium labelling experiments. Current models typically assume that the labelling in the precursors of the population of interest (POI) is proportional to the deuterium...

Background Human males and females show differences in the incidence of neutrophil-associated diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, and differences in neutrophil physiological responses such as responses to infection, tissue damage, and chemotactic factors. However, little is known about the ba...

Введение. Актуальны исследования, направленные на поиск наиболее информативного и оптимизированного метода оценки приживаемости вакцинного штамма чумного микроба в организме животных, привитых против чумы. Цель работы — оценить целесообразность использования биофлуоресцентных белков на примере вакцинного штамма Yersinia pestis EV НИИЭГ pTurboGFP-B...

Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare neutrophilic skin disease characterized by persistent symptoms and sudden onset of painful, sterile pustules. These pustules may be accompanied by systemic inflammation and can be life-threatening in severe cases. Presently, there is an absence of standardized guidelines for treatment, and the majority...

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between the neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) and asthma using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and Boruta algorithm. Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database from 2001 to 2018, a total of 31,138 eligible participants w...

Background For over half a century, dietary guidelines have consistently advocated for the substitution of saturated fatty acids (SFA) with monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) as a cornerstone strategy for health life, but evidence on independent associations between specific fatty acids and mortality remains inconsistent....

Background The rising incidence of cervical cancer among individuals with diabetes is a matter of significant concern, presenting profound implications for the health status and quality of life worldwide. In patients diagnosed with early-stage cervical cancer, the extent of lymph node involvement has emerged as a critical prognostic factor influenc...

A 4.6-month-old goat was presented to our clinic with a history of sudden bilateral blindness and loss of appetite. The clinical signs recorded were elevated temperature, head pressing, loose faeces, oro-nasal discharge, and mild coughing. Ophthalmological examination showed absence of menace and pupillary light reflexes, but with an intact palpebr...

Neutrophilic inflammation is present in numerous high‐mortality pathologies, including sepsis, deep vein thrombosis, and acute lung injury (ALI). Therefore, regulating neutrophil recruitment becomes an attractive therapeutic approach for neutrophil‐mediated inflammation. Here, the impact of salicylic acid‐based polymeric particles in regulating neu...

Anti-neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) antibodies have been observed in patients with lupus nephritis and may contribute to the pathogenic role of NETs in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the prevalence of anti-NETs antibodies and their relationship with clinical features of patients with SLE have not been thoroughly s...

Abstract Background Febrile infants ≤90 days old with proven viral infections who may have concurrent serious bacterial infections (SBIs) remain a diagnostic dilemma. We aimed to compare the prevalence of SBIs and evaluate the performance of inflammatory markers in predicting SBIs, between infants with and without proven viral illness. Methods We...

Neutrophils are crucial to innate immune responses to microbes. The crosslinking of opsonized pathogens by Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) on neutrophil surfaces mediates multiple antimicrobial functions, including phagocytosis and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). FcγRIIIb (CD16b) is the most abundant receptor on human neutrophils. It is...

Background: Various leukocyte-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratios, namely the neutrophil to HDL-C ratio (NHR), lymphocyte to HDL-C ratio (LHR), and monocyte to HDL-C ratio (MHR), have been identified as potential inflammatory biomarkers. Despite this, the intricate relationship between these ratios and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metab...

Background: One of the most encountered challenges in trauma is predicting an intraabdominal hollow viscus injury or foreseeing a nontherapeutic laparotomy in patients with penetrating abdominal stab injuries. Suspicious computed tomography (CT) findings like free air and free fluid can leave surgeons in doubt about an injury's presence. This study...

Aims To explore the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the severity of depression. Methods This retrospective study included 750 patients who were hospitalized at Xiamen Xianyue Hospital and diagnosed with depression from January 2022 to December 2023. The SII was defined as the platelet count × neutrophil count/...

Background Predicting lymph node metastasis (LNM) in colon cancer (CC) is crucial to treatment decision-making and prognosis. This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram that estimates the risk of LNM in patients with CC using multiple clinical data from patients before surgery. Methods Clinicopathological data were collected from 412 CC p...

Monitoring neutrophil levels plays an essential role in diagnosing infections and various diseases, as well as for managing specific treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, the traditional complete blood count technique is invasive and challenging for quick and frequent monitoring of neutrophil. Herein, a button‐like microneedle...

Background Neutrophil count is associated with atherosclerotic plaque formation and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). As previous studies have been predominantly conducted in Caucasians, the significance of neutrophil count as a clinical factor in CVD in other ethnicities remain unclear. Methods A total of 2,955 participants from the Chin-Shan Commun...

Lead exposure is of high prevalence, and over a billion people are chronically exposed to alarming level of lead. Human immune system is highly vulnerable to lead, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Using single-cell mass cytometry and mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we performed a panoramic survey of lead targets at both cellular an...

Background Febrile neutropenia (FN), a major hematologic adverse event in perioperative chemotherapy for breast cancer, is more prevalent among Asian populations than Caucasians. Hematopoietic growth factor guidelines recommend pegfilgrastim for primary prophylaxis based on chemotherapy regimen and patient risk factors. We verified the appropriaten...

Background The objective of this study was to examine the associations of blood inflammatory phenotypes with acute pediatric asthma exacerbations during different seasons and the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A retrospective study was conducted involving 32,160 pediatric asthma patients from January 2008 to December 2021. Asthma blood inflammatory ph...

Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent chronic metabolic condition characterized by high blood sugar levels, resulting from insufficient insulin production or ineffective insulin use, posing substantial global health issues. Research on the relationship between glycemic status and the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (NLR) and monocyte...

Background Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages G3a to G5 frequently experience heightened systemic inflammation and nutritional loss. Identifying laboratory-accessible, cost-effective markers that can effectively predict the prognosis of CKD stages G3a to G5 is crucial. Methods This prospective cohort study included 3,331 patients wi...

Background The aim of this study was to investigate physiological differences in electrolytes and complete blood counts in adolescent patients with depression with and without psychotic symptoms. By comparing baseline data in adolescent patients, it will provide more comprehensive information for individualised diagnosis and treatment of depression...

Background: Maternal asthma is a known risk factor for asthma and allergic diseases in children. However, there is a lack of data on the role of asthma phenotypes in the association with perinatal outcomes. Objective: To investigate the role of maternal asthma in adverse perinatal outcomes, such as preterm birth (PTB), low-birthweight (LBW), and c...

Background: The significance of cell population data (CPD) and leukocyte scattergrams in COVID-19 has not been fully established, partly due to the absence of serial leukocyte monitoring before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study first examined changes in these parameters in non-immunosuppressed subjects over the course of infection. Subsequ...

Introduction Literature has shown that there is a correlation between increased circulatory inflammatory factors and negative prognosis, which can be evaluated through the using the neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The aim of this research is to investigate the predictive and prognostic role of the NLR in recurrent/metastatic head and neck sq...

Purpose Geriatric patients with a hip fracture are at risk for adverse outcomes after surgery. A pilot study showed the feasibility of assessing of systemic inflammation in these patients through neutrophil analysis. The aim of this study was to correlate neutrophil categories to clinical outcomes in a larger cohort. Methods In this prospective co...

Neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis (NUD) is a distinctive dermatological manifestation that is commonly associated with systemic autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. This review comprehensively explores NUD in the context of five major conditions: Schnitzler syndrome, Still’s disease, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome, systemic lupus eryt...

Polydioxanone (PDO), a biodegradable synthetic polymer, has been proposed for smallorbital reconstructions due to its absorbable nature. However, past !ndings have raised concerns about its in"ammatoryresponse, warranting further investigation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in"ammatory pro!le and behaviour ofperiorbital tissue in rabbits...

Purpose Hematological parameters obtained from a pretreatment peripheral blood lab test, as well as indices calculated from these parameters, are associated with the prognosis of the disease in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). The aim of this study is to determine which of the parameters or indices would have the best p...

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a complex autoimmune disease in children, with neutrophils and their extracellular traps (NETs) playing a key role in inflammation. We analyzed NET-associated biomarkers (citrullinated histones) mitochondria, and DNA-associated particles, as well as DNase activity in NET degradation. ELISA, flow cytometry, and...

Objectives This study aimed to develop a diagnostic model utilizing clinical and laboratory data to identify complicated appendicitis in pediatric patients, improving acute appendicitis management. Methods Retrospective analysis of pediatric acute appendicitis cases (2018–2023) at two hospitals collected medical history, clinical criteria, and blo...

Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by fluctuating activity. The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI‐2K) is commonly used to assess disease activity, but its complexity and limited diagnostic availability pose challenges. Alternative biomarkers, such as extended inflamm...

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease. Previous studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays an important role in various infectious diseases. This study aims to identify potential ER stress-related genes in tuberculosis by analyzing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and to explore...

Introduction While sickle cell disease (SCD) is primarily acknowledged as an erythrocyte disorder, emerging evidence suggests a role for altered neutrophil phenotype and function in SCD pathophysiology and disease severity. Given the conflicting findings in previous studies, we performed a comprehensive exploration of neutrophil characteristics in...

Image processing and deep learning techniques have become increasingly prevalent in the analysis of microscopic biomedical images. However, illumination variability, particularly in images obtained under a microscope, represents a critical factor that directly impacts classification performance. Changes in light intensity can significantly alter ce...

Individuals with diabetes frequently develop chronic, hyper-inflammatory, non-healing wounds, which are the leading cause of all non-traumatic amputations. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a prominent bacterium isolated from diabetic wound infections and in a murine model of diabetic wound infection, GBS stimulates an influx of neutrophils into the w...