Neuroscience - Science topic

The present theoretical study aims to unify semiotics, cognitive linguistics and neuroscience in a new field of research called Agentive Cognitive Construction Grammar. The tenets of this theory are (i) the idea that linguistic constructions possess a triadic structure (iconic, indexical and symbolic) allowing speakers to reconstruct reality, and (...

This chapter outlines the recent developments, such as Neuroscience on Design, Design Neurocognition, and NeuroDesign, in the intersection of neuroscience and design. This intersection of diverse disciplines, including psychology, neurophysiology, engineering, interaction design, and architecture, provides various opportunities and challenges to ad...

I am writing on behalf of the Frontiers in Neuroscience -section Translational Neuroscience (IF-5.152, JCR Q2). Based on your expertise, I would like to invite you to contribute a manuscript for publication in our journal’s research topic of Neural Mechanism and Effect of Acupuncture for Central Nervous System Diseases. Currently, manuscript subm...

Objectives: Associations between age at menopause and cognition post-menopause are examined to determine whether relationships are stronger for certain cognitive domains. Study design: Women from the Medical Research Council National Survey of Health and Development and its neuroscience sub-study, Insight 46, were included if they had known age...

In this paper, we present an original framework that applies the latest research in neuroscience and psychology to enhance the concept of resilience. We borrow and focus on the intersection of neurobiology and cognitive behavioural therapies in proposing an innovative angle to build resilience.

Response variability is an essential and universal feature of sensory processing and behavior. It arises from fluctuations in the internal state of the brain, which modulate how sensory information is represented and transformed to guide behavioral actions. In part, brain state is shaped by recent network activity, fed back through recurrent connec...

"Use of neuroscience techniques in social sciences" is a blue ocean area which is strongly recommended.

Many studies in affective neuroscience rely on statistical procedures designed to estimate population averages and base their main conclusions on group averages. However, the obvious unit of analysis in affective neuroscience is the individual, not the group, because emotions are individual phenomena that typically vary across individuals. Conclusi...

¿Cuáles son y dónde están los límites éticos de la neuroeducación? El artículo reflexiona sobre una cuestión necesaria para el devenir de los procesos cognitivos mediante la deliberación crítica, la delimitación de fronteras y la estimación del progreso. Su hilo argumental proyecta, por un lado, que el giro experimental podría poner en entredicho e...

Les jeunes (15-20) avec un trouble spécifique des apprentissages voient souvent leur formation entravée par leurs difficultés. Mon but à travers cet écrit est d’amener des notions neuroscientifiques dans mon travail quotidien, afin de favoriser leurs apprentissages. Mon projet se base sur le postulat, évoqué par C. Fahim lors de la formation (12 ja...

The Eighth International Conference on Neuroscience and Cognitive Brain Information (BRAININFO 2023), held between March 13th and March 17th, 2023, continued a series of events dedicated to evaluating current achievements and identify potential ways of making use of the acquired knowledge, covering neuroscience, brain connectivity, brain intelligen...

Les neurosciences permettent une meilleure connaissance des mécanismes cérébraux en jeu lors de l’apprentissage et soutiennent la pratique de l’enseignant. La dimension dynamique du cerveau permet d’appréhender les difficultés non plus comme une fatalité, mais comme des défis à résoudre puisque la neuroplasticité est possible toute la vie. En effet...

It critically analyses the formation of different agenda for future skills in education. It breaks away from the deterministic approach to education wher the education system is sexpected to the anticipated future. Most of education strategies take the future as a given to which today's system should adjust. But should they? In this article I analy...

Dans un premier temps, le but de la recherche et les objectifs à atteindre seront décrits. Le métier d’enseignant-e spécialisé-e en milieu ordinaire sera clarifié et les fonctions exécutives seront définies. Suite à ces spécifications, les principaux éléments de la problématique seront développés grâce aux approches théoriques et aux recherches réc...

Microscopy started as the histological analysis based on intrinsic optical properties of tissues such as the refractive index and light absorption, and is expanding to include the visualization of organelles by chemical staining, localization of molecules by immunostaining, physiological measurements such as Ca2+ imaging, functional manipulation by...

Les connaissances neuroscientifiques fournissent aujourd’hui suffisamment d'informations sur les mécanismes de l'apprentissage pour modifier les pratiques d'enseignement et de formation. La présente recherche est motivée par la nécessité de vérifier si les enseignants universitaires marocains sont informés de l’apport des neurosciences et s’ils exp...

Grâce aux neurosciences de l’éducation nous pouvons, en tant qu’enseignants, offrir aux élèves un parcours de connaissance qui leur permet de mieux comprendre leur fonctionnement et apprendre plus efficacement. C’est pour cette raison que sensibiliser les élèves au fonctionnement du cerveau et aux mécanismes à la base du processus d’apprentissage e...

The formation of neural circuits requires extensive interactions of cell-surface proteins to guide axons to their correct target neurons. Trans-cellular interactions of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin-2 (Lphn2) with its partner teneurin-3 instruct the precise assembly of hippocampal networks by reciprocal repulsion. Lphn2 acts a...

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is gaining traction in neuroscience research as a tool for evaluating neural fibers. The technique can be used to assess white matter (WM) microstructure in neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson disease (PD). There is evidence that the uncinate fasciculus and the cingulum bundle are involved in the pathogen...

La musique, le rythme et le mouvement apportent beaucoup de plaisir, moteur puissant pour développer le lien parent-enfant, le sentiment d’appartenance au groupe et le développement de compétences motrices, cognitives, communicationnelles et sociales. Les neurosciences en démontrent l’efficacité et apportent des éclairages théoriques sur nos connai...

Human movements and posture often show lateral asymmetries in healthy, young, older, frail and pathological subjects. Why are there asymmetries in motor behaviour? These asymmetries are not fully identified and are likely to stem from different components of the motor function such as the sensory (perception), central (central integration) and moto...

The article discusses various approaches to describing the processes of sound pronunciation. Works in the field of neuroscience and speech therapy provide comprehensive descriptions of sound pronunciation. However, they are rarely combined in a multidisciplinary approach to address issues of sound production and correction. The article seeks to de...

Well-known haemodynamic resting-state networks are better mirrored in power correlation networks than phase coupling networks in electrophysiological data. However, what do these power correlation networks reflect? We address this long-outstanding question in neuroscience using rigorous mathematical analysis, biophysical simulations with ground tru...

This paper links the claims of neuroscientist Dr. Antonio Damasio to the civilization of the Ancient Greeks. Although Dr. Damasio's book, Looking for Spinoza: Joy, Sorrow and the Feeling Brain, makes the argument for the connection between Spinoza and neuroscience, Dr. Damasio says that he prefers Aristotle's model of human flourishing, but he does...

Introduction Despite the broad spectrum of neurological symptomatic manifestation in COVID19 patients, the brain tissue susceptibility and permissiveness to SARS-Cov2 infection is yet uncertain. This critical appraisal aims at bridging the gap by consolidating the body of evidence for meticulous evaluation of molecular neuropathological pathways an...

Deep neural network models (DNNs) are essential to modern AI and provide powerful models of information processing in biological neural networks. Researchers in both neuroscience and engineering are pursuing a better understanding of the internal representations and operations that undergird the successes and failures of DNNs. Neuroscientists addit...

Antonio Damasio is a very prominent neuroscientist. I argue that the model of the soul that neuroscience has now shown to be most accurate requires a rejection of the two prominent models during the Enlightenment; the blank slate of the empiricists and the dualism of Des Carte and Kant. Damasio likes Aristotle. In a book on this topic, I explain mo...

Seizure generation, propagation, and termination occur through spatiotemporal brain networks. In this paper, we demonstrate the significance of large-scale brain interactions in high-frequency (80-200 Hz) for identification of the epileptogenic zone (EZ) and seizure evolution. To incorporate the continuity of neural dynamics, here we have modeled b...

A number of articles report over 70% accuracy in the identification of psychopathologies by applying machine learning on different features but many of them might be flawed. In a simple experiment we show how algorithms can make sense of random datasets. It is important to question high accuracy rates in order to use tools such as machine learning...

Understanding how different areas of the human brain communicate with each other is a crucial issue in neuroscience. The concepts of structural, functional and effective connectivity have been widely exploited to describe the human connectome, consisting of brain networks, their structural connections and functional interactions. Despite high-spati...

In our daily lives, we are constantly exposed to many stimuli, some of which influence our behavior without full awareness. One of these stimuli is color. In particular, our purchasing decisions are guided by individual color preferences. Color preferences influence various daily tasks. For example, people make decisions within 90 s of their first...

The predictive map hypothesis is a promising candidate principle for hippocampal function. A favoured formalisation of this hypothesis, called the successor representation, proposes that each place cell encodes the expected state occupancy of its target location in the near future. This predictive framework is supported by behavioural as well as el...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a global health issue. Because AD is a condition demanding effective management, its socioeconomic burden is immense and threatens the health systems of both low-and middle-income (LMIC) and high-income (HIC) countries. However, while most of the HICs are increasing their budget for AD research, the situation is differen...

Este artigo explora o panorama de empreendedorismo acadêmico, onde objetiva-se verificar se o perfil empreendedor do discente é um diferencial sua formação como egresso de graduação do curso de administração em comparação com as graduações de Relações Internacionais, Medicina Veterinária e Ciências Contábeis. Estabelecendo os objetivos específicos:...

The predictive nature of the hippocampus is thought to be useful for memory-guided cognitive behaviors. Inspired by the reinforcement learning literature, this notion has been formalized as a predictive map called the successor representation (SR). The SR captures a number of observations about hippocampal activity. However, the algorithm does not...

The international neuroscience community is building the first comprehensive atlases of brain cell types to understand how the brain functions from a higher resolution, and more integrated perspective than ever before. In order to build these atlases, subsets of neurons (e.g. serotonergic neurons, prefrontal cortical neurons etc.) are traced in ind...

CALL FOR PAPERS Imagination, Cognition, and the Arts Frontiers in Human Neuroscience Abstract Submission Deadline 30 June 2023 Manuscript Submission Deadline 10 November 2023

Poetry elicits emotions, and emotion is a fundamental component of human ontogeny. Although neuroaesthetics is a rapidly developing field of research, few studies focus on poetry, and none address its different modalities of fruition (MOF) of universal cultural heritage works, such as the Divina Commedia (DC) poem. Moreover, alexithymia (AX) result...

The Human Connectome Project Multimodal Parcellation (HCP MMP1.0) provides a robust in vivo map of the cerebral cortex, which demonstrates variability in structure and function that cannot be captured through diffeomorphic image registration alone. The HCP successfully employed a fully-connected neural network architecture to capture this variation...

The ability to associate neutral stimuli with valence information and to store these associations as memories forms the basis for decision making. To determine the underlying computational principles, we build a realistic computational model of a central decision module within the Drosophila mushroom body (MB), the fly's center for learning and mem...

Neuromarketing or consumer neuroscience is a relatively new market research subdiscipline that has gained popularity among consumer behavior scientists in the past two decades or so. It combines neurobiology with behavioral psychology to understand consumer behavior, more specifically about their decisions related to choices/preferences and purchas...

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with a wide spectrum of symptoms, mainly characterized by social, communication, and cognitive impairments. Latest diagnostic criteria according to DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, 2013) now include sensory issues among the four restricted/r...

Rita Levi-Montalcini was a researcher in the field of neuroscience, Italian and Jewish in origin, who discovered the nerve growth factor and rightfully earned the 1986 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, alongside her collaborator Stanley Cohen. She was persecuted by the fascist dictatorship of Benito Mussolini and experienced gender and religio...

The spatiotemporal pattern of the spread of pathologically modified tau through brain regions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be explained by prion-like cell-to-cell seeding and propagation of misfolded tau aggregates. Hence, to develop targeted therapeutic antibodies, it is important to identify the seeding- and propagation-competent tau species....

Replay of neuronal sequences in the hippocampus during resting states and sleep play an important role in learning and memory consolidation. Consistent with these functions, replay sequences have been shown to obey current spatial constraints. Nevertheless, replay does not necessarily reflect previous behavior and can construct never-experienced se...

Object recognition tests are widely used in neuroscience to assess memory function in rodents. Despite the experimental simplicity of the task, the interpretation of behavioural features that are counted as object exploration can be complicated. Thus, object exploration is often analysed by manual scoring, which is time-consuming and variable acros...

Photometry approaches detect sensor-mediated changes in fluorescence as a proxy for rapid molecular changes within the brain. As a flexible technique with a relatively low cost to implement, photometry is rapidly being incorporated into neuroscience laboratories. While multiple data acquisition systems for photometry now exist, robust analytical pi...

span lang="EN-US">The rapid advancement of music studies has resulted in a plethora of multidisciplinary participants. Rather than distinguishing between musicians and non-musicians’ brain activity, the current study indicated differences in brain activity while musicians listened to music based on their musical experience. In Go/NoGo response task...

La neurociencia integra varias disciplinas que analizan y explican el comportamiento humano y sus implicaciones para la educación, sobre todo en las condiciones donde el aprendizaje resulta más efectivo. La Dominancia Cerebral, concepto asociado a la Neurociencia, se concibe como la predisposición de los estudiantes a utilizar más las funciones de...

Human spatial cognition has been mainly characterized in terms of egocentric (body-centered) and allocentric (world-centered) wayfinding behavior. It was hypothesized that allocentric spatial coding, as a special high-level cognitive ability, develops later and deteriorates earlier than the egocentric one throughout lifetime. We challenged this hyp...

Interpersonal communication through vocal information is very important for human society. During verbal interactions, our vocal cord vibrations convey important information regarding voice identity, which allows us to decide how to respond to speakers (e.g., neither greeting a stranger too warmly or speaking too coldly to a friend). Numerous neura...

In this work, we expand the normative model repository introduced in (Rutherford, Fraza, et al., 2022) to include normative models charting lifespan trajectories of structural surface area and brain functional connectivity, measured using two unique resting-state network atlases (Yeo-17 and Smith-10), and an updated online platform for transferring...

Background: Concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is time-consuming because of the limited space in the MRI bore and the sophisticated placement and orientation of the TMS coil to elicit the desired brain activities and behaviors. Objective: We developed a TMS coil holder capable of quick adjustment...

COMO O CÉREBRO DO MATEMÁTICO FUNCIONA? Uma Introdução à Neurociência da Matemática Avançada. O presente estudo visa propiciar uma visão introdutória sobre a neurociência da matemática avançada, ou seja, como o cérebro do matemático funciona. Serão discutidas: as origens das habilidades matemáticas; as redes neurais da matemática avançada serão comp...

Causal mediation analysis is increasingly abundant in biology, psychology, and epidemiology studies, etc. In particular, with the advent of the big data era, the issue of high-dimensional mediators is becoming more prevalent. In neuroscience, with the widespread application of magnetic resonance technology in the field of brain imaging, studies on...

The human brain comprises heterogeneous cell subtypes whose composition can be altered with physiological and pathological conditions. New approaches to discern the diversity and distribution of brain cells associated with neurological conditions would significantly advance the study of brain-related pathophysiology and neuroscience. We demonstrate...

The brain is a nonlinear and highly Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). This RNN is surprisingly plastic and supports our astonishing ability to learn and execute complex tasks. However, learning is incredibly complicated due to the brain's nonlinear nature and the obscurity of mechanisms for determining the contribution of each synapse to the output e...

Journal Name: IJMS Special Issue: Unveiling the Impact of Metabolism on Neuroscience Unveiling the Impact of Metabolism on Neuroscience

We mapped functional and structural brain networks for more than 40,000 UK Biobank participants. Structural connectivity was estimated with tractography and diffusion MRI. Resting-state functional MRI was used to infer regional functional connectivity. We provide high-quality structural and functional connectomes for multiple parcellation granulari...

The task of grasping and manipulating virtual objects is expected to become perhaps one of the most fundamental actions in interactive Virtual Reality (VR), as it is in the real world. However, unnatural interactions of the virtual hand avatar with virtual objects and unnatural post-collision behavior of virtual objects severely limit the utility o...

While brain function is considered to be tightly supported by the underlying structure, the connectome-based link estimated by current models is relatively moderate, leaving the structure-function relationship an ongoing challenge in neuroscience. Here, by proposing a novel mapping method based on network eigendecomposition, we present a concise an...

Neuronal cultures are one of the most important experimental models in modern interdisciplinary neuroscience, allowing to investigate in a control environment the emergence of complex behavior from an ensemble of interconnected neurons. Here, I review the research that we have conducted at the neurophysics laboratory at the University of Barcelona...

Animals can continuously learn different tasks to adapt to changing environments and therefore have strategies to effectively cope with inter-task interference, including both proactive interference (Pro-I) and retroactive interference (Retro-I). Many biological mechanisms are known to contribute to learning, memory, and forgetting for a single tas...

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo conocer el estado de la neuroeducación en la formación, autopercepción y prospectiva de los docentes de primaria. Estudio que se realizó a partir de la siguiente hipótesis: Existe una correlación entre la falta de formación docente en neuroeducación y la implementación de la neurodidáctica en las aulas de Duran...

Literary theory had been a revolutionary intervention in the study of literature when it sprouted. Moving in and through this world has perplexed, confused and complicated the perspectives of the reader in various ways. For many people, the shift to theoretical and philosophical approach in interpreting a literary text from the pleasure seeking exe...

RESUMO Muitos dos excessos cometidos na realização de procedimentos estéticos, sejam eles mais ou menos invasivos, podem ser controlados se o psicológico do paciente for analisado. Muitos estudos demonstram que estes excessos geralmente sinalizam problemas emocionais, são uma forma de auto-prazer e preenchimento, a criação de uma obsessão, a procur...

Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) are chemogenetic tools for remote control of targeted cell populations using chemical actuators that bind to modified receptors. Despite the popularity of DREADDs in neuroscience and sleep research, potential effects of the DREADD actuator clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) on sleep have nev...

Aims: Age and sex are important individual factors modifying the clinical symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Our goal is to evaluate the effects of age and sex on brain networks and clinical manifestations of PD patients. Methods: Parkinson's disease participants (n = 198) receiving functional magnetic resonance imaging from Parki...

In today's era of intense competition the marketing dimensions have diversified and companies employ imply knowledge from other areas of marketing like psychology, linguistics and neuroscience while communicating and targeting their potential customers (Kılıç, 2020) in our research, storytelling always remains the fascinating way for communicating...

CONTRIBUTIONS OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND THE MULTISENSORY APPROACH TO SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AT SCHOOL STAGE Cognitive neuroscience is opening new horizons to the research of the relationships established between mental processes and brain functioning in learning situations. Within this context, the purpose of this article is to present a...

Theoretical accounts disagree on the role of dopamine in intertemporal choice and assume that dopamine either promotes delay of gratification by increasing the preference for larger rewards or that dopamine reduces patience by enhancing the sensitivity to waiting costs. Here, we reconcile these conflicting accounts by providing empirical support fo...

Currently, the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is solely based on behavioral tests prescribed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). However, biomarkers can be more objective and accurate for diagnosis and evaluating treatment efficacy. Thus, this review aimed to identify pote...

Neuromodulatory afferents to thalamic nuclei are key for information transmission and thus play critical roles in sensory, motor, and limbic processes. Over the course of the last decades, diverse attempts have been made to map and describe subcortical neuromodulatory afferents to the primate thalamus, including axons using acetylcholine, serotonin...

Significance: Concerns about the reproducibility of experimental findings have recently emerged in many disciplines, from psychology to medicine and neuroscience. As NIRS is a relatively recent brain imaging technique, the question of reproducibility has not yet been systematically addressed. Aim: The current study seeks to test the replicabilit...

The characterization of cortical myelination is essential for the study of structure-function relationships in the human brain. However, knowledge about cortical myelination is largely based on post-mortem histology, which generally renders direct comparison to function impossible. The repeating pattern of pale-thin-pale-thick stripes of cytochrome...

Introduction: The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of exposure response prevention therapy among the obsessive compulsive disorder patients visiting OPD at Govt. psychiatric disease hospital (also known as Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, IMHAN-K) Srinagar, Kashmir. Methodology Quasi-experimental pre and post-test con...

According to philosophers and scientists in artificial intelligence (AI), future autonomous agents with general AI constitute an existential risk to humanity. This paper leverages results from neuroscience to propose tools with general AI and no existential risk. Tools answering questions in different domains enable the safe exploration of general...

Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major global health burden that results in disability and loss of health. Identifying those patients who require specialist neuroscience care can be challenging due to the low accuracy of existing prehospital trauma triage tools. Despite the widespread use of decision aids to ‘rule out’ TBI in hospital...

A pervasive research protocol of cognitive neuroscience is to train subjects to perform deliberately designed experiments and record brain activity simultaneously, aiming to understand the brain mechanism underlying cognition. However, how the results of this protocol can be applied in technology is seldom discussed. Here, I review the studies on t...

The function of the mammalian brain relies upon the specification and spatial positioning of diversely specialized cell types. Yet, the molecular identities of the cell types, and their positions within individual anatomical structures, remain incompletely known. To construct a comprehensive atlas of cell types in each brain structure, we paired hi...

Body metaphors and artistic practices in palliative care Abstract: This article is part of research on the psychological and narrative effects of artistic practices in the context of palliative care. The aim is to describe the use and clinical usefulness of body metaphors, in the narration of patients, after artistic interventions. Our hypothesis...