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Neurodevelopmental Disorders - Science topic
Explore the latest publications in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, and find Neurodevelopmental Disorders experts.
Publications related to Neurodevelopmental Disorders (10,000)
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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders marked by impairments in social interactions, communication, hypersensitivity, and systematic patterns of behavior. Although the large majority of individuals with ASD are law-abiding, many individuals with ASD continue to become involved in the criminal-legal system as de...
The intrauterine period is a time of high sensitivity in the development of the embryo and the fetus. Therefore, low levels of maternal stress are closely associated with healthy brain development in the neonatal and early childhood periods. There is increasing evidence linking natural disasters as prenatal maternal stress (PNMS) to neurodevelopmen...
Objectives
The research aimed to provide the most recent and comprehensive analysis and evidence update comparing outcomes in neonatal encephalopathy (NE) based on different glycemia levels.
Patients and methods
A comprehensive search of Cochrane, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang databases was conducted until September 2023. The p...
Maternal stress during pregnancy can impact offspring health, increasing the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. The human placenta plays a crucial role in understanding this effect, influencing fetal programming as it connects maternal and fetal circulation. Our hypothesis centers on maternal stress influencing children's outcomes through placenta...
Many studies done on families and hospitals have shown a high prevalence of children's mental illnesses. Due to discrimination and stigmatization connected to mental illness in children, few parents take their children to hospitals for complaints that are related to emotional and psychological problems despite the high cases of conduct disorders. T...
Mutations in the RNA helicase DDX3X, implicated in various cancers and neurodevelopmental disorders, often impair RNA unwinding and translation. However, the mechanisms underlying the impairment and the differential interactions of DDX3X mutants with wild-type (WT) X-linked DDX3X and Y-linked homolog DDX3Y remain elusive. This study reveals that sp...
Improving social and emotional well-being (SEWB) among Indigenous adolescents is crucial. Since neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are common in Indigenous people and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are important contributors to negative health outcomes throughout the lifespan, we investigated whether limited ACE exposure is associated with r...
Introdução: O Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) consiste em um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento classificado pelo DSM-5-TR (APA, 2023) como um padrão persistente de desatenção e/ou hiperatividade-impulsividade que interfere no funcionamento do indivíduo. O TDAH é um transtorno que costuma ser identificado na infância, poden...
Objective
To analyze the complex relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and neurodevelopmental achievements by investigating the temporal dynamics of these associations from birth to age 6.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted over 6 years using population-based data from the National Health Insurance Service and integrat...
This study conducted a systematic review of support groups currently active in accommodating individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders in Japan. The characteristics of the 86 approved support groups for neurodevelopmental disorders are detailed in the Supplementary Materials. image
The Neuritin-1 gene (NRN1), involved in neurodevelopment and synaptic plasticity, is associated with schizophrenia (SZ) and related clinical, cognitive, and neuroimaging phenotypes. Additionally, it is one of the most differentially methylated genes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in SZ and is responsive to neurotherapeutic agents. We aimed to inves...
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder and multisystem disease caused by pathogenic DNA alterations in the TSC1 and TSC2 tumor suppressor genes. A molecular genetic diagnosis of TSC confirms the clinical diagnosis, facilitating the implementation of appropriate care and surveillance. TSC1 and TSC2 enco...
While cannabis use during pregnancy is often perceived as harmless, little is known about its consequences on offspring neurodevelopment. There is an urgent need to map the effects of prenatal cannabis exposure on the brain through the course of the lifespan. We used magnetic resonance imaging spanning nine timepoints, behavioral assays, and electr...
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a CGG repeat expansion ≥ 200 repeats in 5’ untranslated region of the FMR1 gene, leading to intellectual disability and cognitive difficulties, including in the domain of communication. A recent phase 2a clinical trial testing BPN14770, a phosphodiesterase 4D inhibitor, showed...
Background: parents of children living with Neurodevelopmental Disorders (NDDs) continue to be shamed despite the herculean task of caring for these children. Under the weight of this double burden parents experience double stigma: internalized and public with consequent mental health challenges.
Aim: This study was conducted to explore the prevale...
Objective
There is a growing number of monogenic disorders implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), including autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Motor impairment is frequently seen in these disorders, although not clearly defined. We aimed to characterize the motor phenotype of genetic NDDs.
Methods
We analyzed data fr...
Individuals with monoallelic pathogenic variants in the histone lysine methyltransferase DOT1L display global developmental delay and varying congenital anomalies. However, the impact of monoallelic loss of DOT1L remains unclear. Here, we present a largely female cohort of 11 individuals with DOT1L variants with developmental delays and dysmorphic...
Objective: To describe associations between executive function (EF) domains (attentional control, information processing, cognitive flexibility, and goal setting) and concurrent math computation performance at age 7 and 13 years in children born <30 weeks’ gestation or weighing <1,250 g, and second, to examine the impact of 7-year EF on math perfor...
O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a influência da dieta e a sua correlação com o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de lactentes com sífilis congênita no Hospital e Maternidade Santa Isabel em Aracaju-SE. Tal temática é de interesse para a saúde pública, visto o número crescente de casos da doença no Nordeste brasileiro e a escassez de informações s...
Objective: Maldevelopment of the posterior corpus callosum is common in spina bifida myelomeningocele (SBM) due to hydrocephalus-related hypoplasia and congenital partial hypogenesis. This study examined the relations of macro- and microstructural integrity of the interhemispheric temporal tract in SBM and auditory interhemispheric transfer using c...
Transcription factor 4 (TCF4) is a transcription factor that is critical for the normal development and function of the central nervous system. Haploinsufficiency of TCF4 causes Pitt-Hopkins Syndrome (PTHS), a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by seizures and intellectual disability. To expand our currently limited understanding of...
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by cognitive impairments, specifically deficits in social recognition memory (SRM). Abnormal hippocampal neurogenesis has been implicated in these deficits. Due to the pathogenetic heterogeneity of schizophrenia, studying the hippocampal neurogenesis and SRM in two models with prenatal and postnatal...
Understanding sex differences in the adolescent brain is crucial, as these differences are linked to neurological and psychiatric conditions that vary between males and females. Predicting sex from adolescent brain data may offer valuable insights into how these variations shape neurodevelopment. Recently, attention has shifted toward exploring soc...
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder with childhood onset, however, there is no clear correspondence established between clinical ADHD subtypes and primary medications. Identifying objective and reliable neuroimaging markers for categorizing ADHD biotypes may lead to more individualized, bioty...
Autism spectrum disorders are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders with unknown etiology. Immune dysfunction may be involved in the etiology and pathogenesis of autism. One of the nervous and immune systems interactions regulators are microRNAs, which can be considered as key players in pathogenesis and diagnostic biomarkers. A sea...
Human brain development is a complex process that requires intricate coordination of multiple cellular and developmental events. Dysfunction of lipid metabolism can lead to neurodevelopmental disorders. Lowe syndrome (LS) is a recessive X-linked disorder associated with proximal tubular renal disease, congenital cataracts and glaucoma, and central...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful tool for observing and assessing the properties of brain tissue and structures. In particular, in the context of neonatal care, MR images can be used to analyze neurodevelopmental problems that may arise in premature newborns. However, the intrinsic properties of newborn MR images, combined with the hi...
Introduction
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a disorder that severely affects neurodevelopment, and its underlying causes are not yet entirely understood. Research suggests that there may be a connection between the occurrence of ASD and changes in immune responses. This study aims to know if some biochemical and inflammatory cytokines are promis...
Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) impacts not only diagnosed individuals, but also significantly affects the quality of life of both primary and secondary caregivers. These effects are particularly pronounced when compared to caregivers of individuals with other neurodevelopmental disorders. The emotional and physical demands of caring for...
The morphogen FGF8 establishes graded positional cues imparting regional cellular responses via modulation of early target genes. The roles of FGF signaling and its effector genes remain poorly characterized in human experimental models mimicking early fetal telencephalic development. We used hiPSC-derived cerebral organoids as an in vitro platform...
Background
Rett syndrome (RTT) is an X-linked progressive neurodevelopmental disorder that involves mainly girls and is the second most frequent cause of genetic intellectual disability. RTT leads to neurological regression between 6 and 18 months of life and could be associated with a variable neurological impairment. However, RTT affects not only...
Clearance of dying neurons by microglia is critical to healthy neurodevelopment, but what else do microglia eat? A new study in PLOS Biology demonstrates that microglia not only eat neurons but each other, and that this “microglia cannibalism” causes necroptotic cell death.
Background
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe psychiatric disorder associated with alterations in early brain development. Details of underlying pathomechanisms remain unclear, despite genome and transcriptome studies providing evidence for aberrant cellular phenotypes and pathway deregulation in developing neuronal cells. However, mechanistic insight...
Background: Genetic testing for neurodevelopmental disorders is now considered the standard of care for unexplained epilepsy as well as autism spectrum disorders, intellectual disability, and developmental delays with as many as 50% of individuals identified as having an underlying genetic etiology. Capicua (CIC) is a transcriptional repressor and...
La presente revisión bibliográfica aporta una base teórico – científica de las bases biológicas y psicofisiológicas del córtex cerebral y su función específica en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje. Por tanto, es fundamental el estudio de la corteza cerebral y sus funciones, las estructuras: del lóbulo frontal, lóbulo parietal, lóbulo temporal....
Mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to be a key component of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, intellectual disability, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that protect against mitochondrial dysfunction during neurodevelopment. Here, we address this question throug...
Background
Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most common motor-postural disorders in childhood. It occurs due to impairment in the developing brain—before, during, or after birth—and has a significant burden on the public health system. This study aimed to investigate the potential risk factors and detect the associated CP-related disorders.
Metho...
Background/Objectives: Asperger Syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder within the autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Difficulties in social and communication skills characterise it despite individuals typically having average intelligence and language development. Improving socialisation skills in individuals with ASD requires a tailored appr...
Background/Objectives: The development of techniques for assessing cognitive functions using eye tracking is particularly important for children with developmental disabilities. In this paper, we present pilot results from the validation of two methods for assessing voluntary attention based on eye tracking. Methods: The study involved 80 children...
Introduction
Early induction of labor (37⁺⁰–38⁺⁶ gestational weeks) in large‐for‐gestational‐age infants may reduce perinatal risks such as shoulder dystocia, but it may also increase the long‐term risks of reduced cognitive abilities. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the cognitive and academic outcomes of large‐for‐gestational‐age children...
Objective: Evidence on prophylactic drugs for pediatric migraine is limited, especially when comorbid conditions contribute to treatment resistance. This study evaluated the efficacy of cyproheptadine in children with migraine and explored the impact of comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders and orthostatic intolerance (OI). Methods: We retrospectiv...
Background: This review investigates the impact of bioactive molecules produced by probiotics on child health, focusing on their roles in modulating gut microbiota, enhancing immune function, and supporting overall development. Key metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bacteriocins, exopolysaccharides (EPSs), vitamins, and gamma-a...
Intracellular ribonucleases (RNases) are essential in all aspects of RNA metabolism, including maintaining accurate RNA levels. Inherited mutations in genes encoding ubiquitous RNases are associated with human diseases, primarily affecting the nervous system. Recessive mutations in genes encoding an evolutionarily conserved RNase complex, the RNA e...
Maternal infections during pregnancy can increase the risk to offspring of developing a neurodevelopmental disorder. Given the global prevalence and severity of infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome related Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the objective of this study was to determine if in utero exposure to severe maternal SARS-CoV-2 infectio...
Olfactory dysfunction has emerged as a hallmark feature shared among several neurological conditions, including both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. While diseases of both categories have been extensively studied for decades, their association with olfaction has only recently gained attention. Olfactory deficits often manifest a...
De novo variants adjacent to the canonical splicing sites or in the well-defined splicing-related regions are more likely to impair splicing but remain under-investigated in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). By analyzing large, recent ASD genome sequencing cohorts, we find a significant burden of de novo potential splicing-disrupting variants (PSDVs)...
Asthma and ADHD represent prevalent pediatric conditions, with the former being a physical disorder and the latter being a neurodevelopmental disorder. This study examined the influence of parental psychological flexibility (PF)—the ability to adapt to evolving situational demands, shift perspectives, and balance competing priorities—alongside pare...
Background/Objectives: Since the Act for Eliminating Discrimination against Persons with Disabilities was enacted in 2016, the number of students with disabilities in higher education institutions has increased significantly, creating a greater need for support. Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) often coexists with other neurodevelopmental...
Background: Sex differences in brain development are thought to lead to sex variation in social behavior. Sex differences are fundamentally driven by both gonadal (i.e., hormonal) and chromosomal sex, yet little is known about the independent effects of each on social behavior. Further, mouse models of the genetic liability for the neurodevelopment...
Rett syndrome (RTT) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder primarily caused by mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. Despite advancements in research, no cure exists due to an incomplete understanding of the molecular effects of MeCP2 deficiency. Previous studies have identified impaired tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) neur...
Amicarbazone (AMZ), a triazolinone herbicide widely applied in agriculture, is known to inhibit photosystem II in target plants, disrupting photosynthesis and causing oxidative stress that leads to weed mortality. Despite its widespread use, the developmental and neurotoxic effects of AMZ on aquatic organisms remain underexplored. This study assess...
Background and Aims
Microglia are the innate immune cells of central nervous system which play critical roles in brain homeostasis. Recently, the effects of general anesthetic agents (GAAs) on microglia and their potential neurotoxicity in neurodevelopment have attracted the attention of anesthesiologists and neuroscientists.
Methods
Here, we revi...
Background
A recent neurodevelopmental rat model, utilizing lactational exposure to polyriboinosinic‐polyribocytidilic acid (Poly I:C) leads to mimics of behavioral phenotypes resembling schizophrenia‐like symptoms in male offspring and depression‐like symptoms in female offspring.
Purpose
To identify mechanisms of neuronal abnormalities in lactat...
Twins lag behind singletons in their early psychomotor development, but little is known about how chorionicity affects this difference. We compared early psychomotor development in singletons, monochorionic (MC) twins and dichorionic (DC) twins. Our longitudinal data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS; see Appendix) included 98,0...
Food pollutants, including heavy metals, pesticides, and mycotoxins, have been proposed as potential risk factors for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) during pregnancy and early childhood. This paper examines the impact of food pollutants on ASD risk. A systematic search through PubMed, Google Scholar, and Sciverse yielded studies from 1990 to presen...
In recent years, European policies for the social inclusion of children and adolescents with disabilities have made significant progress, aimed at ensuring equity and equal opportunities in education and rehabilitative healthcare. However, notable disparities persist among European countries in managing disabilities in the developmental age. In Ita...
Background
People with intellectual disability (PwID) and epilepsy have increased premature and potentially preventable mortality. This is related to a lack of equitable access to appropriate care. The Step Together guidance and toolkit, developed with patient, clinical, charity and commissioning stakeholders, allows evaluation and benchmarking of...
Background: Parents of infants admitted to neonatal intensive care require support to minimize the impact on their mental health and to encourage engagement with their infants to support infant neurodevelopment. Many interventions aim to address this need, but there is a lack of research considering the accessibility of these for a multicultural po...
Background/Objectives: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Traditional diagnostic methods, which depend on subjective assessments, often lack precision. This study evaluates the validity and reliability of a newly developed diagnosti...
The rate of discovery and increased understanding of genetic causes for neurodevelopmental disorders has peaked over the past decade. It is well recognised that some genes show marked variability in neuroradiological phenotypes, and inversely, some radiological phenotypes are associated with several different genetic conditions. However, some readi...
The spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) phenotype strongly correlates with the SMN2 gene copy number. However, the severity and progression of the disease vary widely even among affected individuals with identical copy numbers. This study aimed to investigate the impact of genetic variability in oxidative stress, inflammatory, and neurodevelopmental path...
The Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale-Revised (RAADS-R) demonstrated excellent results in its original study, with a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 100% (Ritvo et al. in J Autism Dev Disord 41:1076–1089, 2011). As a result, it was included in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines (Recommendations | Au...
El autismo es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo manifestado mediante anomalías en las interacciones sociales y los patrones de comunicación de por vida. Los síntomas pueden variar ampliamente en gravedad y presentación. La etiología exacta de los trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) sigue siendo un tema de investigación y debate continuo. Se cree q...