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In some cases, we need all the partial derivatives of a multi-variable function. If it is a scalar function (as usual), the collection of the first partial derivatives is called a Gradient. If it is a vector-valued multi-variable function, the collection of the first partial derivatives is called the Jacobian matrix.
In some other cases, we just need a partial derivative, just respect to one specific variable.
Here is where my problem starts:
In neural networks, the gradient of the loss function with respect to individual parameters (for example: ∂L/∂w11 where w11 represents the first weight​ of the first layer)
can theoretically be computed directly, using the chain rule without explicitly relying on Jacobians, In my opinion. By tracing the dependencies of a single weight through the network, it is possible to compute its gradient step by step. Because all the functions in the individual neurons, are scalar functions. Involving scalar relationships with individual parameters. Without the need to consider all the Linear Transformations across the layers.
An example chain rule representation for 1 layer network:
∂L/∂w11 = ∂L/∂a11 * ∂a/∂z11 * ∂z/∂w11 It can be applied to multiple-layer networks.
However, it is noted that Jacobians are necessary when propagating gradients through entire layers or networks because they compactly represent the relationship between inputs and outputs in vector-valued functions. But this requires all the partial derivatives, instead of one.
This raises a question: if it is possible to compute gradients directly for individual weights, why are Jacobians necessary in the chain rule of the backpropagation? Why do we need to compute all the partial derivatives at once?
I am waiting for your response. #DeepLearning #NeuralNetworks #MachineLearning #MachineLearningMathematics #DataScience #Mathematics
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While it is theoretically possible to compute the gradient for each weight separately without explicitly using the Jacobian, doing so would be inefficient and complex in practice, especially for large networks. The Jacobian matrix provides a powerful and efficient way to handle the complexity of deep learning models, enabling fast training and efficient gradient propagation across layers. This is why it is a key component of the backpropagation algorithm.
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like pi, pid, neural network etc.
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Wind Turbines Sysytem
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[CFP]2024 4th International Symposium on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data (AIBFD 2024) - December
AIBDF 2024 will be held in Ganzhou during December 27-29, 2024. The conference will focus on the artificial intelligence and big data, discuss the key challenges and research directions faced by the development of this field, in order to promote the development and application of theories and technologies in this field in universities and enterprises, and provide innovative scholars who focus on this research field, engineers and industry experts provide a favorable platform for exchanging new ideas and presenting research results.
Conference Link:
Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
◕Track 1:Artificial Intelligence
Natural language processing
Fuzzy logic
Signal and image processing
Speech and natural language processing
Learning computational theory
......
◕Track 2:Big data technology
Decision support system
Data mining
Data visualization
Sensor network
Analog and digital signal processing
......
Important dates:
Full Paper Submission Date: December 23, 2024
Registration Deadline: December 23, 2024
Conference Dates: December 27-29, 2024
Submission Link:
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Please, is this conference hybrid?
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Hello,
I would like to know if a dataset exists that would contain lots of different 3D models of buildings along with annotations (church, house, castle, barn, bridge, etc). This dataset would be used to research automatic synthesis of buildings and cities from these exemplars using Deep Neural Networks (DNN) or other approaches.
A good example of this kind of dataset but not dedicated to buildings would be Princeton ShapeNet dataset:
If something similar would exist for buildings, it would be a great help for my research.
Regards,
Bruno
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Hello Bruno.
I think the GoogleEarth dataset is what you are looking for. Please refer to the links below:
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Dear Rahul Jain ,
Unlock the potential of neural networks with our comprehensive guide! Explore their structure, applications, and future trends in artificial intelligence. Dive into the world of AI with confidence.
Regards,
Shafagat
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I'm aware of the gradient descent and the back-propagation algorithm. What I don't get is: when is using a bias important and how do you use it?
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The bias in neural networks plays a crucial role in enhancing the model's flexibility. It shifts the activation function to help the network better fit the data. Without bias, the model would always have to pass through the origin (zero), limiting its ability to represent data patterns effectively. Bias terms allow neural networks to adjust their decision boundaries and handle more complex, non-linear relationships between inputs and outputs, ultimately improving accuracy and performance in tasks like classification and regression.
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Hello, I am a master's student studying in Yonsei Univeristy, Korea.
I am trying to estimate the state of satellite, using Neural Network.
Below is a simple flow of my study.
1. Train (t0 ~ t1)
Train neural network using known observation & true state data
2. Validation (t1 ~ t2)
Using observation data starting from t1, validate the network
3. Test (t3 ~ t4)
With new observation data, estimate the true ECI coordinate at different time.
[For all steps]
Input : observation data ( RADAR SEZ coordinate data or Orbital Element data )
Output : true data ( ECI coordinate data)
I know that the validation is already done while training,
but the validation part is for checking whether the network is well-trained.
I used "narxnet" from the deep learning toolbox, and it worked well until the validation part.
However, in order to use the network made with "narxnet" for the test part,
I had to retrain using data from just before.
(to estimate t3~t4, need tx ~ t3 data trained network)
So all my work have failed, and I am going to restart on doing this.
Here is what I want to ask.
  1. I found that most of codes in MATLAB related to neural network is for image training. Is it better to use other program for this type of work? (e.g. Python, Tensorflow...)
  2. I found that is it better to use recurrent neural network, and time series input. Is MATLAB "train" code available for this?
  3. I cannot find much information on the documentations. I would like to know if there is good example I can refer to.
Thank you very much for reading my questions.
Jee Hoon, Kim.
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When using Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to estimate satellite orbits, a few important considerations come into play. First, you’ll need to gather and prepare historical data about the satellite, including its position, velocity, and external factors like gravitational influences or atmospheric drag. This data should be normalized for the network to perform effectively.
In terms of architecture, a standard RNN could work, but you’ll likely get better results with Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks or Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs). These are designed to handle time-series data more effectively and are better at remembering long-term dependencies.
When you set up your input features, please be sure to include key orbital elements, such as the satellite's position and velocity, and possibly even external variables that impact the orbit, like solar radiation or Earth's gravitational pull. You should also experiment with the depth of the network, the number of layers, and how many timesteps the network should consider.
In developing your model, it’s crucial to test it against known satellite trajectories to validate the accuracy of its predictions. Metrics like Mean Squared Error (MSE) or Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) can help gauge how well your model is performing. For satellite orbit estimation, LSTMs or GRUs are often the best choice, as they are well-suited to capturing complex patterns over time. I hope this helps; let me know if you need me to clarify anything in my comment! Cheers
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There is set_custom_radial_params function in sfparamgen.py file in tools/python/symfunc_paramgen/src/sfparamgen.py. But there is no such function included to generate angular or any other kind of symmetry function for a defined range of parameters. How we can generate those symmetry functions within desired range of values then?
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Generating angular symmetry functions for neural network potentials involves creating a set of features that describe the local environment of atoms in a molecular or solid system. These features are essential for accurately capturing the geometrical and electronic properties of the system. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to generate angular symmetry functions within a defined range:
### 1. **Understanding Angular Symmetry Functions**
Angular symmetry functions are designed to encode the angles formed by triplets of atoms. They typically depend on the distances between atoms and the angles between them. Common forms include:
- **Cosine functions** that depend on angles.
- **Gaussian functions** that depend on distances.
### 2. **Define the Parameters**
- **Atom Types**: Identify the types of atoms in your system.
- **Distance Range**: Define the range for the distances you want to consider (e.g., minimum and maximum distances).
- **Angle Range**: Define the range for the angles (e.g., from \(0^\circ\) to \(180^\circ\)).
- **Cutoff Radius**: Set a cutoff radius beyond which the interactions are considered negligible.
### 3. **Generate Pairwise Distances**
For each atom, compute the distances to its neighbors. You can use a simple nested loop over the atoms to calculate the distances.
```python
import numpy as np
def compute_distances(positions):
distances = []
for i in range(len(positions)):
for j in range(i + 1, len(positions)):
dist = np.linalg.norm(positions[i] - positions[j])
distances.append((i, j, dist))
return distances
```
### 4. **Calculate Angles**
For each triplet of atoms, calculate the angles formed. You can use the law of cosines to find the angles based on the distances.
```python
def compute_angles(distances):
angles = []
for (i, j, d_ij) in distances:
# Assume you have a third atom k to form a triplet
for (l, m, d_jk) in distances: # Replace with actual logic to find triplet
# Calculate angle using cosine rule
# Use indices and distances to calculate the angle
# Example: angle_ijk = np.arccos((d_ij^2 + d_jk^2 - d_ik^2) / (2 * d_ij * d_jk))
pass
return angles
```
### 5. **Define Angular Symmetry Functions**
Implement the angular symmetry functions based on the defined ranges. A common form is:
\[
f_{\theta}(r_{ij}, r_{ik}, \theta_{ijk}) = \exp\left(-\frac{(r_{ij} - r_{s})^2}{2\sigma^2}\right) \cdot \exp\left(-\frac{(r_{ik} - r_{s})^2}{2\sigma^2}\right) \cdot \cos^n(\theta_{ijk})
\]
Where:
- \( r_{ij} \) and \( r_{ik} \) are the distances,
- \( \theta_{ijk} \) is the angle between the atoms,
- \( r_s \) is a reference distance,
- \( \sigma \) controls the width of the Gaussian.
### 6. **Generate the Functions Over Defined Ranges**
Loop over all the distances and angles within the defined ranges to generate the symmetry functions.
```python
def generate_symmetry_functions(distances, angles, r_s, sigma, n):
symmetry_functions = []
for (i, j, d_ij) in distances:
for (k, angle_ijk) in angles:
if d_ij < cutoff_radius: # Apply cutoff
f = np.exp(-(d_ij - r_s)**2 / (2 * sigma**2)) * np.cos(angle_ijk)**n
symmetry_functions.append(f)
return symmetry_functions
```
7. **Normalization and Scaling**
Normalize the symmetry functions if necessary, depending on the neural network architecture you plan to use. This can improve the convergence of training.
### 8. **Integration with Neural Network Potentials**
Feed the generated symmetry functions into the neural network model that predicts potential energy or forces. Ensure your neural network framework can handle the input format.
Partial credit ai
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Last year I studied a course on Computer Systems Architecture/Organization. During a lecture, I learned about data hazards and one of the common solutions to them: Reordering the instructions. Modern processors solve this using OOE, but since this is integrated into the processor, it increases chip size, power consumption, and thermal efficiency. So I thought "What if we had an AI-driven processor which does that for the CPU?"
Does anyone know if this has already been successfully researched or implemented? I would greatly appreciate any insightful comments.
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Current research shows promising potential for using AI to improve out-of-order instruction execution in CPUs. However, there are still challenges that require further research and development to achieve effective results.
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Other than conventional radial and angular symmetry functions, I want to generate generate polynomial symmetry function. How to do that? Is there any code available?
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Chao Wang what do you mean by target? I want to generate polynomial symmetry function for cuprous oxide system.
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Locating neural network fitting App in Matlab 2024a
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Thanks Ravi! Will try that out. Maurice
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Hi, I'm Prithiviraja. I'm currently building a deep learning model to color SAR image. I came across lot of resources only using ASPP for feature extraction from SAR Image. I'm planning to use both FPN and ASPP for that process, while FPN is mostly used for object detection. Kindly tell me your suggestion.
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Yes, combining a Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) and Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) in a single network can significantly enhance feature extraction, especially for tasks like object detection and semantic segmentation. FPN excels at capturing multi-scale features by creating a pyramid of feature maps that incorporate both high-level semantics and low-level spatial details, allowing the model to handle objects at different scales more effectively. On the other hand, ASPP leverages dilated convolutions at multiple rates to capture contextual information over various spatial scales without reducing resolution. By applying ASPP on top of FPN’s multi-level feature maps, the model can benefit from both rich local detail and broad contextual awareness, leading to improved performance in recognizing objects or patterns across diverse scales and contexts. This combination strengthens the network's ability to detect fine details while also capturing long-range dependencies, making it a powerful architecture for complex vision tasks that require both precise spatial resolution and comprehensive global context.
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Application of neural networks in shape prediction
Is there a fixed code used in shape prediction in neural networks?
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The persistent diagram (from persistent homology) can be used to get a vector that can uniquely encode shape information. check readme of this repo : https://github.com/GUDHI/TDA-tutorial/tree/master
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How do we design a neural network and decide on the number of hyper parameters like the depth and number of neurons in each layer. Also how do we decide on the activation function to be used in each layer precisely
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You have to find a similar problem in terms of complexity. Then, you create a comparable or better pre-model and try to improve it.
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How can reinforcement learning techniques be combined with neural networks to improve the accuracy and efficiency of decision-making in dynamic and changing environments?
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My view:
Improving the performance of robots in pathfinding using neural networks and reinforcement learning (RL) involves a few key strategies. Here’s an overview:
1. Neural Networks for Pathfinding
1.1. Deep Q-Learning (DQN):
  • Concept: Combines Q-learning with deep neural networks to approximate the Q-value function.
  • Application: Train the network to estimate the value of taking certain actions in different states, helping the robot make better decisions about which path to follow.
1.2. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs):
  • Concept: Use CNNs to process spatial information.
  • Application: Input the robot’s environment map into the CNN to extract features relevant for pathfinding, such as obstacles and free space.
1.3. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs):
  • Concept: Use RNNs or Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to handle sequences of data.
  • Application: Apply RNNs to maintain a memory of the robot’s previous positions and actions, which can help in dynamic environments where the state changes over time.
1.4. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs):
  • Concept: Utilize GNNs to represent and analyze graph-based data.
  • Application: Represent the environment as a graph where nodes are locations and edges are possible paths, allowing the network to predict optimal paths based on graph structures.
2. Reinforcement Learning for Pathfinding
2.1. Model-Free RL Approaches:
  • Q-Learning:Concept: Learn the value of actions directly from interactions with the environment. Application: Use it in conjunction with a neural network to estimate Q-values and update the robot’s policy based on rewards.
  • Policy Gradient Methods:Concept: Optimize the policy directly by estimating the gradient of the expected reward. Application: Train a neural network to output probabilities of actions given the current state, improving the robot’s decision-making policy.
2.2. Model-Based RL Approaches:
  • Integrated Models:Concept: Build a model of the environment to simulate outcomes and plan actions. Application: Use neural networks to learn an environment model and predict future states, which helps the robot plan its path more effectively.
2.3. Actor-Critic Methods:
  • Concept: Combine value-based and policy-based methods to leverage the advantages of both.
  • Application: Use an actor network to propose actions and a critic network to evaluate them, improving the robot’s ability to make and refine decisions over time.
Combining Neural Networks with RL
3.1. Hybrid Approaches:
  • Concept: Integrate neural network-based function approximators with RL algorithms.
  • Application: Use deep neural networks to approximate Q-values or policy functions, improving performance in high-dimensional and complex environments.
3.2. Curriculum Learning:
  • Concept: Start training on simpler tasks and progressively increase the difficulty.
  • Application: Train the robot’s neural network using simpler pathfinding scenarios before introducing more complex and dynamic environments.
3.3. Transfer Learning:
  • Concept: Leverage knowledge gained from one task to improve performance on a related task.
  • Application: Transfer learned policies or features from one environment to another, enabling faster learning and adaptation in new environments.
3.4. Exploration Strategies:
  • Concept: Encourage the robot to explore the environment more effectively.
  • Application: Implement exploration strategies like epsilon-greedy, curiosity-driven exploration, or intrinsic motivation to enhance the robot’s ability to discover and learn optimal paths.
Combining these approaches can significantly enhance the accuracy and efficiency of decision-making for robots in dynamic and changing environments.
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In the field of materials science, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) opens up exciting new possibilities. Here are some important and relevant questions a researcher should consider:
General Questions
  1. What are the main objectives of using AI in my research?Identify specific areas where AI can bring significant improvements.
  2. What types of data are needed to train AI models?Assess the availability and quality of experimental and theoretical data.
  3. Which AI algorithms are best suited to my needs?Compare different machine learning techniques, such as neural networks, random forests, etc.
Questions Specific to Materials Science
  1. How can AI accelerate the discovery of new materials?Examine successful use cases, such as the prediction of crystal structures.
  2. What are the challenges of integrating AI into research and development processes?Identify technical and organizational obstacles.
  3. How to validate the predictions made by AI models?Implement experimental protocols to test predicted materials.
Questions on Innovation and Development
  1. How can AI be used to optimize the properties of existing materials?Explore modeling and simulation techniques to improve material performance.
  2. What are the economic and environmental impacts of using AI in materials science?Evaluate potential benefits in terms of cost and sustainability.
  3. How to collaborate effectively with experts in AI and materials science?Foster interdisciplinary partnerships to maximize synergies.
These questions can help guide research and maximize the impact of AI in the field of materials.
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Dear Omar Tanane,
One sees the goal of AI research as long-term curiosity-driven research to understand how computational agents, humans or machines, perceive, decide, and act in the real world. They do their work by building programs that perform well in laboratory studies on specified tasks.
Regards,
Shafagat
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I am reaching out to seek your valuable advice and recommendations regarding the best software tools to use for this research. Specifically, I am looking for software with a user-friendly interface that can facilitate the implementation of image reconstruction techniques and artificial neural networks (ANN) or convolutional neural networks (CNN).
If you have experience or knowledge in this area, I would greatly appreciate your insights on the following:
  1. Recommended software tools for image reconstruction and neural network implementation.
  2. Are there any specific libraries or frameworks that you have found particularly effective?
  3. Advice on ease of use and accessibility for researchers who may not have extensive programming experience.
Your guidance and suggestions will be invaluable in helping me move forward with my research. Thank you in advance for your time and assistance.
Best regards,
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会议征稿:2024年智能计算与数据挖掘国际学术会议 (ICDM 2024)
Call for papers: 2024 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Data Mining (ICDM 2024) will be held on September 20-22, 2024 in Chaozhou, China.
重要信息
大会官网(投稿网址):https://ais.cn/u/AFBBfq
大会时间:2024年9月20-22日
大会地点:中国-潮州
收录检索:EI Compendex,Scopus
智能计算与数据挖掘是当今信息技术领域的研究热点,并在众多领域都有着广泛的应用,如金融、医疗、教育、交通等。随着大数据时代数据量爆炸式增长,如何从海量数据中提取有价值的信息,一直是需要迭代解决的问题。2024年智能计算与数据挖掘国际学术会议(ICDM 2024)为探讨相关问题提供一个平台,各位专家学者将深入探讨最新研究成果,通过对数据的分析和处理,提供智能化的决策支持,讨论在面对复杂问题时,如何运用数据驱动的方法,通过分析数据背后的规律和关联,找到问题的本质和解决方案,欢迎广大学者踊跃参会交流。
会议征稿主题
智能计算:遗传算法、进化计算与学习、群智能与优化、独立成分分析、自然计算、量子计算、神经网络、模糊理论与算法、普适计算、机器学习、深度学习、自然语言处理、智能控制与自动化、智能数据融合、智能数据分析与预测等。
数据挖掘:网络挖掘、数据流挖掘、并行和分布式算法、图和子图挖掘、大规模数据挖掘方法、文本、视频和多媒体数据挖掘、可扩展数据预处理、高性能数据挖掘算法、数据安全和隐私、电子商务的数据挖掘系统等。
*其他相关主题亦可
论文投稿
ICDM 2024所征稿件会经由2-3位组委会专家审稿,最终所录用的论文将以IEEE出版,收录进IEEE Xplore数据库,见刊后由期刊社提交至EI Compendex和Scopus检索。
参会须知
ICDM 2024的参会设有口头演讲/海报展示/听众三种形式,可点击以下链接报名参会,在会后领取参会证书:https://ais.cn/u/AFBBfq
1、口头演讲:申请口头报告,时间为10-15分钟左右
2、海报展示:制作A1尺寸彩色海报,线上/线下展示
3、听众参会:不投稿仅参会,可与现场嘉宾/学者进行交流互动
4、汇报PPT和海报,请于会议前一周提交至大会邮箱 (icicdm@163.com)
5、论文录用后可享一名作者免费参会名额
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Hi Vengatachalam Jp , please check the official website of the conference:http://www.ic-icdm.org/, which is in English.
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Chalmers in his book: What is this thing called Science? mentions that Science is Knowledge obtained from information. The most important endeavors of science are : Prediction and Explanation of Phenomenon. The emergence of Big (massive) Data leads us to the field of Data Science (DS) with the main focus on prediction. Indeed, data belong to a specific field of knowledge or science (physics, economy, ....).
If DS is able to realize prediction for the field of sociology (for example), to whom the merit is given: Data Scientist or Sociologist?
10.1007/s11229-022-03933-2
#DataScience #ArtificialIntelligence #Naturallanguageprocessing #DeepLearning #Machinelearning #Science #Datamining
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Yes, data science is considered a science because it involves systematic methods, processes, and algorithms to extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data, grounded in principles of statistics, mathematics, and computer science.
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I want to apply neural network on kidney stones images (whether its CT images or ultrasound) to determine whether the kidney has stones or not.
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Where can i find the ex vivo kidney stone dataset ?
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Sign language is a visual language that uses hand shapes, facial expressions, and body movements to convey meaning. Each country or region typically has its own unique sign language, such as American Sign Language (ASL), British Sign Language (BSL), or Indian Sign Language (ISL). The use of AI models to understand and translate sign language is an emerging field that aims to bridge the communication gap between the deaf community and the hearing world. Here’s an overview of how these AI models work:
Overview
AI models for sign language recognition and translation use a combination of computer vision, natural language processing (NLP), and machine learning techniques. The primary goal is to develop systems that can accurately interpret sign language and convert it into spoken or written language, and vice versa.
Components of a Sign Language AI Model
1. Data Collection and Preprocessing:
Video Data: Collecting large datasets of sign language videos is crucial. These datasets should include diverse signers, variations in signing speed, and different signing environments.
Annotation: Annotating the data with corresponding words or phrases to train the model.
2. Feature Extraction:
Hand and Body Tracking: Using computer vision techniques to detect and track hand shapes, movements, and body posture.
Facial Expression Recognition: Identifying facial expressions that are integral to conveying meaning in sign language.
3. Model Architecture:
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs): Often used for processing video frames to recognize hand shapes and movements.
Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) / Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM): Useful for capturing temporal dependencies in the sequence of signs.
Transformer Models: Increasingly popular due to their ability to handle long-range dependencies and parallel processing capabilities.
4. Training:
• Training the AI model on the annotated dataset to recognize and interpret sign language accurately.
• Fine-tuning the model using validation data to improve its performance.
5. Translation and Synthesis:
Sign-to-Text/Speech: Converting recognized signs into written or spoken language.
Text/Speech-to-Sign: Generating sign language from spoken or written input using avatars or video synthesis.
Challenges
Variability in Signing: Different individuals may sign differently, and the same sign can have variations based on context.
Complexity of Sign Language: Sign language involves complex grammar, facial expressions, and body movements that are challenging to capture and interpret.
Data Scarcity: There is a limited amount of annotated sign language data available for training AI models.
Applications
Communication Tools: Development of real-time sign language translation apps and devices to assist deaf individuals in communicating with non-signers.
Education: Providing educational tools for learning sign language, improving accessibility in classrooms.
Customer Service: Implementing sign language interpretation in customer service to enhance accessibility.
Future Directions
Improved Accuracy: Enhancing the accuracy of sign language recognition and translation through better models and larger, more diverse datasets.
Multilingual Support: Developing models that can handle multiple sign languages and dialects.
Integration with AR/VR: Leveraging augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) to create more immersive and interactive sign language learning and communication tools.
The development of AI models for sign language holds great promise for improving accessibility and communication for the deaf and hard-of-hearing communities, fostering inclusivity and understanding in a diverse society.
Existing Sign Language AI Models
1. DeepASL
Description: DeepASL is a deep learning-based system for translating American Sign Language (ASL) into text or speech. It uses Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to process video frames and capture the temporal dynamics of sign language.
Notable Feature: DeepASL incorporates a sign language dictionary to improve translation accuracy and can handle continuous sign language sequences.
2. Google AI - Hand Tracking
Description: Google has developed a hand-tracking technology that can detect and track 21 key points on a hand in real-time. While not specifically designed for sign language, this technology can be used as a foundation for sign language recognition systems.
Notable Feature: It offers real-time hand tracking using a single camera, which can be integrated into mobile devices and web applications.
3. SignAll
Description: SignAll is a comprehensive sign language translation system that uses multiple cameras to capture hand movements and body posture. It translates ASL into English text and can be used for various applications, including education and customer service.
Notable Feature: SignAll uses a combination of computer vision, machine learning, and NLP to achieve high accuracy in sign language translation.
4. Microsoft Azure Kinect
Description: Microsoft’s Azure Kinect is a depth-sensing camera that can be used to capture detailed hand and body movements. It provides an SDK for developers to build applications that include sign language recognition capabilities.
Notable Feature: The depth-sensing capability of Azure Kinect allows for precise tracking of 3D movements, which is essential for accurate sign language interpretation.
5. Sighthound
Description: Sighthound is a company that develops computer vision software, including models for gesture and sign language recognition. Their software can detect and interpret hand gestures in real-time.
Notable Feature: Sighthound’s software is highly customizable and can be integrated into various platforms and devices.
6. Kinect Sign Language Translator
Description: This was an early project by Microsoft Research that used the Kinect sensor to capture and translate ASL. The project demonstrated the feasibility of using depth-sensing technology for sign language recognition.
Notable Feature: It was one of the first systems to use depth sensors for sign language translation, paving the way for future developments.
7. AI4Bharat - Indian Sign Language
Description: AI4Bharat, an initiative by IIT Madras, has developed models for recognizing Indian Sign Language (ISL). They aim to create an accessible communication platform for the deaf community in India.
Notable Feature: Focuses on regional sign languages, which are often underrepresented in AI research.
Academic and Research Projects
IBM Research: IBM has been involved in developing AI models for sign language recognition and translation, often publishing their findings in academic journals and conferences.
University of Surrey - SLR Dataset: The University of Surrey has created large datasets for Sign Language Recognition (SLR) and developed models that are trained on these datasets.
Online Tools and Apps
SignAll Browser Extension: A browser extension that translates ASL into text in real-time.
ASL Fingerspelling Game: An online game that helps users learn ASL fingerspelling through AI-driven recognition and feedback.
These models and systems demonstrate the progress being made in the field of sign language recognition and translation, and they provide valuable tools for enhancing communication and accessibility for the deaf and hard-of-hearing communities.
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@Shafagat Mahmudova Thank you so much.
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In CNN(convolution neural network), can the feature map obtained determinately by a random initialization convolution kernel? if not, how to decide the weights in convolution kernel to obtain the feature maps we need? By trial and rerror, are we shotting if our eyes closed?
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adaptive convolution kernel based on input-data distribution, possible or impossible?
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Can SHAPELY (SHAP) values be used to explain the importance of different features being fed to a Neural Network ? I know they are used in Traditional ML on Tabular data
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How can attention mechanisms be integrated with convolutional neural networks to enhance performance in image classification tasks?
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A different paradigm that can be also useful are Vision Transformers (ViTs). ViTs can directly analyze relationships between any two parts of the image, enabling them to grasp the bigger picture. This self-attention mechanism empowers ViTs to understand complex interactions across the entire image.
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2024 5th International Conference on Computer Vision and Data Mining(ICCVDM 2024) will be held on July 19-21, 2024 in Changchun, China.
Conference Webiste: https://ais.cn/u/ai6bQr
---Call For Papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
◕ Computational Science and Algorithms
· Algorithms
· Automated Software Engineering
· Computer Science and Engineering
......
◕ Vision Science and Engineering
· Image/video analysis
· Feature extraction, grouping and division
· Scene analysis
......
◕ Software Process and Data Mining
· Software Engineering Practice
· Web Engineering
· Multimedia and Visual Software Engineering
......
◕ Robotics Science and Engineering
Image/video analysis
Feature extraction, grouping and division
Scene analysis
......
All accepted papers will be published by SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering (ISSN: 0277-786X), and submitted to EI Compendex, Scopus for indexing.
Important Dates:
Full Paper Submission Date: June 19, 2024
Registration Deadline: June 30, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: June 30, 2024
Conference Dates: July 19-21, 2024
For More Details please visit:
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Thanks for sharing. Wishing you every success in your task.
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How can we choose the weight matrix in the Convolutional Neural Network? And how this matrix is related to the kernels used in the algorithm?
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In a typical CNN model, the weight matrix represents the learnable parameters within each convolutional filter (kernel). These filters move over the input image or feature map, capturing relevant features. The weights of each filter determine its interaction with the input data. For example, a 3x3 filter might detect edges, while a 5x5 filter could identify textures. Researchers experiment with different filter sizes and configurations to optimize performance for specific tasks.
The relationship between weight matrices and kernels is crucial. Kernels are the sliding windows that move across the input during convolution. Each kernel corresponds to a weight matrix, and the dot product between the weights and the local receptive field generates the output feature map. By learning appropriate weights, the CNN adapts to the task and learns to recognize relevant patterns in the data.
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IEEE 2024 4th International Symposium on Computer Technology and Information Science(ISCTIS 2024) will be held during July 12-14, 2024 in Xi’an, China.
Conference Webiste: https://ais.cn/u/Urm6Vn
---Call For Papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
1. Computer Engineering and Technology
Computer Vision & VR
Multimedia & Human-computer Interaction
Image Processing & Understanding
PDE for Image Processing
Video compression & Streaming
Statistic Learning & Pattern Recognition
......
2. Information Science
Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
Advanced Adaptive Signal Processing
Optical communication technology
Communication and information system
Physical Electronics and Nanotechnology
Wireless communication technology·
......
All accepted papers of ISCTIS 2024 will be published in conference proceedings by IEEE, which will be submitted to IEEE Xplore,EI Compendex, Scopus for indexing.
Important Dates:
Full Paper Submission Date: June 20, 2024
Registration Deadline: June 25, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: June 26, 2024
Conference Dates: July 12-14, 2024
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Thanks for sharing. I wish you every success in your task.
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I am using a biphasic electrical stimulation on neural networks to attempt to induce electrical kindling for epilepsy on neural networks. In addition, I will be attempting to modulate said networks to attenuate seizure-like events also using electrical stimulation (neuromodulation).
Should the pulse itself be negative (cathodic) followed by positive (anodic) phase? Why is this the case from an electrophysiological point of view? Does it better induce depolarizations? If so, how and why?
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A negative pulse is more efficient to activate neurons than a positive pulse or a biphasic pulse in the situation of extracellular stimulation. So to induce epilepsy, a sequence of negative pulses should be ideal.
However, a continuous stimulation of a sequence of monophasic pulses could risk tissue damages caused by irreversible chemical reactions (generation of toxic products), whereas biphasic pulses could not (net-current is balanced). The reverse electric field generated by the subsequent positive phase of a biphasic pulse may prevent an accumulation of cation/anion ions thereby preventing irreversible chemical reactions in the brain tissue around the electrode contacts.
All things considered, I believe, the most damage-free and effective way for your experiments is to use biphasic electrical stimulation beginning with a negative pulse and then followed by a positive.
Hope this helps
Best
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Why do Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks generally exhibit lower Mean Squared Error (MSE) compared to traditional Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in certain applications?
https://youtu.be/VQDB6uyd_5E In this video, we explore why Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks often achieve lower Mean Squared Error (MSE) compared to traditional Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in specific applications. We delve into the unique architecture of LSTMs, their ability to handle long-range dependencies, and how they mitigate issues like the vanishing gradient problem, leading to improved performance in tasks such as sequence modeling and time series prediction. Topics Covered: 1. Understanding the architecture and mechanisms of LSTMs 2. Comparison of LSTM, RNN, and CNN in terms of MSE performance 3. Handling long-range dependencies and vanishing gradients 4. Applications where LSTMs excel and outperform traditional neural networks Watch this video to discover why LSTMs are favored for certain applications and how they contribute to lower MSE in neural network models! #LSTM #RNN #CNN #NeuralNetworks #DeepLearning #MachineLearning #MeanSquaredError #SequenceModeling #TimeSeriesPrediction #VanishingGradient #AI Don't forget to like, comment, and subscribe for more content on neural networks, deep learning, and machine learning concepts! Let's dive into the world of LSTMs and their impact on model performance. Feedback link: https://maps.app.goo.gl/UBkzhNi7864c9BB1A LinkedIn link for professional queries: https://www.linkedin.com/in/professorrahuljain/ Join my Telegram link for Free PDFs: https://t.me/+xWxqVU1VRRwwMWU9 Connect with me on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/professorrahuljain/ Watch Videos: Professor Rahul Jain  Link: https://www.youtube.com/@professorrahuljain
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I can bet my money that depends on the task, LSTM are good for text patterns, CNN: images mostly, RNN: time series and text.
However, I want to point a single aspect, for that I will just quote Wikipedia even if that sounds strange:
“March 2022) Long short-term memory (LSTM) is a type of recurrent neural network (RNN) aimed at dealing with the vanishing gradient problem present in traditional RNNs. Its relative insensitivity to gap length is its advantage over other RNNs, hidden Markov models and other sequence learning methods.”
By the way, nowadays, Wikipedia does peer-review on articles also, so information is getting better.
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2024 4th International Conference on Computer, Remote Sensing and Aerospace (CRSA 2024) will be held at Osaka, Japan on July 5-7, 2024.
Conference Webiste: https://ais.cn/u/MJVjiu
---Call For Papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
1. Algorithms
Image Processing
Data processing
Data Mining
Computer Vision
Computer Aided Design
......
2. Remote Sensing
Optical Remote Sensing
Microwave Remote Sensing
Remote Sensing Information Engineering
Geographic Information System
Global Navigation Satellite System
......
3. Aeroacoustics
Aeroelasticity and structural dynamics
Aerothermodynamics
Airworthiness
Autonomy
Mechanisms
......
All accepted papers will be published in the Conference Proceedings, and submitted to EI Compendex, Scopus for indexing.
Important Dates:
Full Paper Submission Date: May 31, 2024
Registration Deadline: May 31, 2024
Conference Date: July 5-7, 2024
For More Details please visit:
Invitation code: AISCONF
*Using the invitation code on submission system/registration can get priority review and feedback
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Dear Kazi Redwan ,Regular Registration(4 - 6 pages) fee is 485 USD. Online presentation is accepted. All accepted papers will be published in the Conference Proceedings, and submitted to EI Compendex, Scopus for indexing.
For More Details about registration please visithttp://www.iccrsa.org/registration_all
For Paper submission: https://ais.cn/u/MJVjiu
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Given a multi-layer (say 10-12) neural network, are there standard techniques to compress it to a single layer or 2 layer NN ?
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What are the most effective techniques for mitigating overfitting in neural networks, especially when dealing with limited training data?
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When the size of the dataset is limited, one way to improve the training stage is to increase the iteration and the K-fold number of your cross-validation. The disadvantage will be a higher computing time. A rule of thumb is to use 10 folds, you can for example reiterate this cross-validation ten times to ensure that the learning is performed on all your data.
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memorize-ability > generalize-ability
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no its not , what i see in deep learning its = rescoring , some time the long memory make model choosing bad decisions
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Hello everyone and thank you for reading my question.
I have a data set that have around 2000 data point. It have 5 inputs (4 wells rate and the 5th is the time) and 2 ouputs ( oil cumulative and water cumulative). See the attached image.
I want to build a Proxy model to simualte the cumulative oil & water.
I have made 5 models ( ANN, Extrem Gradient Boost, Gradient Boost, Randam forest, SVM) and i have used GridSearch to tune the hyper parameters and the results for training the models are good. Of course I have spilited the training data set to training, test and validation sets.
So I have another data that I haven't include in either of the train,test and validation sets and when I use the models to predict the output for this data set the models results are bad ( failed to predict).
I think the problem lies in the data itself because the only input parameter that changes are the (days) parameter while the other remains constant.
But the problem is I can't remove the well rate or join them into a single variable because after the Proxy model has been made I want to optimize the well rates to maximize oil and minimize water cumulative respectively.
Is there a solution to suchlike issue?
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To everyone who faced this problem, this type of data is called time series data which have a specific algorithm that used to build the proxy models (i.e RNN, LSTM)
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How do you become a Machine Learning(ML) and Artificial Intelligence(AI) Engineer? or start research in AI/ML, Neural Networks, and Deep Learning?
Should I pursue a "Master of Science thesis in Computer Science." with a major in AI to become an AI Engineer?
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You can pursue Master's of Science or integrated Mtech program in the respective field, but also you can do some certification courses online and then apply directly in some company.
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I am researching on automatic modulation classification (AMC). I used the "RADIOML 2018.01A" dataset to simulate AMC and used the convolutional long-short term deep neural network (CLDNN) method to model the neural network. But now I want to generate the dataset myself in MATLAB.
My question is, do you know a good sources (papers or codes) that have produced a dataset for AMC in MATLAB (or Python)? In fact, have they produced the In-phase and Quadrature components for different modulations (preferably APSK and PSK)?
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Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) is a technique used in wireless communication systems to identify the type of modulation being used in a received signal. This is important because different modulation schemes encode information in different ways, and a receiver needs to know the modulation type to properly demodulate the signal and extract the data.
Here's a breakdown of AMC:
  • Applications:Cognitive Radio Networks: AMC helps identify unused spectrum bands for efficient communication. Military and Electronic Warfare: Recognizing communication types used by adversaries. Spectrum Monitoring and Regulation: Ensuring proper usage of allocated frequencies.
  • Types of AMC Algorithms:Likelihood-based (LB): These algorithms compare the received signal with pre-defined models of different modulation schemes. Feature-based (FB): These algorithms extract features from the signal (like amplitude variations) and use them to classify the modulation type.
  • Recent Advancements:Deep Learning: Deep learning architectures, especially Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), are showing promising results in AMC due to their ability to automatically learn features from the received signal.
Here are some resources for further reading:
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How does the addition of XAI techniques such as SHAP or LIME impact model interpretability in complex machine learning models like deep neural networks?
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The incorporation of XAI techniques such as SHAP and LIME significantly improves the interpretability of complex machine learning models by providing local and global explanations and giving information about the importance of features, among other advantages.
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Assuming that in the future - as a result of the rapid technological progress that is currently taking place and the competition of leading technology companies developing AI technologies - general artificial intelligence (AGI) will be created, will it mainly involve new opportunities or rather new threats for humanity? What is your opinion on this issue?
Perhaps in the future - as a result of the rapid technological advances currently taking place and the rivalry of leading technology companies developing AI technologies - a general artificial intelligence (AGI) will emerge. At present, there are unresolved deliberations on the question of new opportunities and threats that may occur as a result of the construction and development of general artificial intelligence in the future. The rapid technological progress currently taking place in the field of generative artificial intelligence in connection with the already high level of competition among technology companies developing these technologies may lead to the emergence of a super artificial intelligence, a strong general artificial intelligence that can achieve the capabilities of self-development, self-improvement and perhaps also autonomy, independence from humans. This kind of scenario may lead to a situation where this kind of strong, super AI or general artificial intelligence is out of human control. Perhaps this kind of strong, super, general artificial intelligence will be able, as a result of self-improvement, to reach a state that can be called artificial consciousness. On the one hand, new possibilities can be associated with the emergence of this kind of strong, super, general artificial intelligence, including perhaps new possibilities for solving the key problems of the development of human civilization. However, on the other hand, one should not forget about the potential dangers if this kind of strong, super, general artificial intelligence in its autonomous development and self-improvement independent of man were to get completely out of the control of man. Probably, whether this will involve mainly new opportunities or rather new dangers for mankind will mainly be determined by how man will direct this development of AI technology while he still has control over this development.
I described the key issues of opportunities and threats to the development of artificial intelligence technology in my article below:
OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS AND THE NEED FOR NORMATIVE REGULATION OF THIS DEVELOPMENT
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:
Assuming that in the future - as a result of the rapid technological progress that is currently taking place and the competition of leading technology companies developing AI technologies - general artificial intelligence (AGI) will be created, will it mainly involve new opportunities or rather new threats for humanity? What is your opinion on this issue?
If general artificial intelligence (AGI) is created, will it involve mainly new opportunities or rather new threats for humanity?
What do you think about this topic?
What is your opinion on this issue?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
The above text is entirely my own work written by me on the basis of my research.
In writing this text, I did not use other sources or automatic text generation systems.
Copyright by Dariusz Prokopowicz
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Dear Prof. Prokopowicz!
This is a very exciting question. I think everything depends on humans - our ability to control AGI-based intelligence:
1) Salmi, J. A democratic way of controlling artificial general intelligence. AI & Soc 38, 1785–1791 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01426-x, Open access:
2) Marcello Mariani, Yogesh K. Dwivedi, Generative artificial intelligence in innovation management: A preview of future research developments,
Journal of Business Research, Volume 175, 2024,
Yours sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely
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In other words, why have improvements to neural networks led to an increase in hyperparameters? Are hyperparameters related to some fundamental flaw of neural networks?
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A nice question by Yuefei Zhang . Generally when we have improve to neural network it led to an increase in hyperparameters due to availability of multiple layers for designing model architecture in deep learning, due to using of multiple optimization algorithms, due to regularizing the models etc.
Secondly hyperparameters are not necessarily related to a fundamental flaw of neural networks; rather, they are inherent to the nature of the models and the challenges they address. Neural networks, including deep learning models, are highly flexible and adaptable, capable of learning complex patterns and representations from data.
Thank You
Regards
Jogeswar Tripathy
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What approaches can be used to enhance the interpretability of deep neural networks for better understanding of their decision-making process ?
#machinelearning #network #Supervisedlearning
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Aditya Vardhan Several approaches can be employed to enhance the interpretability of deep neural networks and improve understanding of their decision-making process. These include feature visualization techniques to visualize the learned representations of the network, layer-wise relevance propagation methods to identify the importance of input features for making predictions, and saliency mapping techniques such as gradient-based methods to highlight important regions in input data. Additionally, employing simpler or more transparent models as proxies for complex neural networks and integrating domain knowledge into the model architecture or interpretation process can enhance interpretability. By combining these approaches, researchers can gain deeper insights into the inner workings of deep neural networks and make more informed decisions based on their outputs.
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I am looking for a Q1 journal with a publication cost of 0 USD and a very short publishing period, specifically in the field of Hybrid Neural Networks. Can anyone suggest some?
Thank you.
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Dear Md Foysal Ahmed There are most likely no journals that combine and speed and no costs (and being Q1).
For Q1 journals you can choose subscription based journals (or so-called hybrid journals where you can decline the open access option), they charge you nothing (in most cases).
You can have a look at the enclosed file (incomplete but with correct info) for Clarivate indexed journals.
For Q1 Scopus indexed journals you can have a look at SCImago:
Best regards.
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I would like to know that prophet time series model is under the category of neural network or machine learning or deep learning? I want to forecast the price of product depending on other influential factors( 7 indicators) and all the data is monthly data with 15 years period.How can I implement with prophet model to get better accuracy? And i also want to compare the result with other time series model.Please suggest me how should I do about my work.thank you.
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  1. Data Preparation: Gather historical data for the price and 7 indicators.
  2. Feature Engineering: Preprocess data and create additional relevant features.
  3. Model Training: Use Prophet to fit a time series model, specifying input features.
  4. Hyperparameter Tuning: Optimize Prophet's parameters for better performance.
  5. Evaluation: Assess model performance using metrics like MAE, MSE, RMSE.
  6. Comparison: Compare Prophet's performance with other models like ARIMA, SARIMA, or LSTM.
  7. Statistical Tests: Use tests to determine significant performance differences.
  8. Cross-validation: Validate models to ensure robustness and generalization.
By following these steps, you can effectively forecast product prices and compare model accuracies.
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The future of AI holds boundless potential across various domains, poised to transform industries, societies, and everyday lives. Advancements in machine learning, deep learning, and neural networks continue to push the boundaries of what AI can achieve.
We anticipate AI systems becoming increasingly integrated into our daily routines, facilitating more personalized experiences in healthcare, education, entertainment, and beyond.
Collaborative efforts between technologists, policymakers, and ethicists will be essential to ensure AI development remains aligned with human values and societal well-being.
As AI algorithms become more sophisticated, they will enhance decision-making processes, optimize resource allocation, and drive innovation across sectors.
However, the future of AI also raises ethical, privacy, and employment concerns that necessitate careful consideration and regulation.
As AI evolves, fostering transparency, accountability, and inclusivity will be imperative to harness its transformative potential responsibly and equitably, shaping a future where AI serves as a powerful tool for positive change.
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Dear Meher Ali , developing AI algorithms for a startup requires a mix of technical skills, domain expertise, and soft skills to ensure successful implementation and integration of AI technologies into products or services. Here's a comprehensive list of skills that are often required (formed by GPT-4):
Technical Skills
1. Programming Languages: Proficiency in programming languages such as Python, R, Java, or C++ is crucial. Python, in particular, is widely used in AI development due to its simplicity and the extensive availability of libraries and frameworks like TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras, and scikit-learn.
2. Machine Learning and Deep Learning: Understanding of machine learning algorithms (supervised, unsupervised, reinforcement learning) and deep learning architectures (CNNs, RNNs, GANs) is essential for developing AI models.
3. Data Modeling and Evaluation: Ability to preprocess, clean, and organize data, along with skills in selecting appropriate models, tuning hyperparameters, and evaluating model performance.
4. Mathematics and Statistics: Strong foundation in linear algebra, calculus, probability, and statistics to understand and develop AI algorithms.
5. Software Development Practices: Knowledge of software engineering practices, including version control (e.g., Git), continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) pipelines, containerization (e.g., Docker), and cloud services (AWS, Google Cloud, Azure).
Domain Expertise
1. Understanding of the Startup’s Industry: Knowledge of the specific challenges and opportunities in the startup’s sector (healthcare, finance, automotive, etc.) to tailor AI solutions effectively.
2. Data Infrastructure: Understanding of database management, data storage solutions, and data pipelines to manage the flow of data required for AI models.
Soft Skills
1. Problem-Solving: Ability to approach complex problems creatively and efficiently.
2. Communication: Skill in explaining technical concepts to non-technical stakeholders and working collaboratively with cross-functional teams.
3. Adaptability: Willingness to learn and adapt to new technologies and methodologies as AI and machine learning fields evolve.
4. Project Management: Ability to manage projects, prioritize tasks, and meet deadlines in a fast-paced startup environment.
Additional Considerations
- Networking and Community Involvement: Engaging with the AI community through conferences, workshops, and forums can provide valuable insights and keep you updated on the latest trends and best practices.
- Entrepreneurial Mindset: Understanding the business aspects, including how AI can create value, improve efficiencies, or provide competitive advantages.
For someone looking to develop AI algorithms in a startup environment, it's essential to have a mix of these skills. However, the importance of each skill can vary depending on the specific needs of the startup and the AI projects undertaken. Continuous learning and professional development are key, given the rapid pace of advancement in AI technologies.
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Does Neural Networks handle a multicollinearity?
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Can Bayesian regression be used when there is a multicollinearity problem?
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I heard about ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK (ANN) and I watched a video of a researcher talked about this revolution.. However, is ANN will be the next solution to predict the adsorption behaviour and do the adsorption calculations based on the properties of the adsorbent materials?
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Yes, AI presents a promising avenue for revolutionizing the study of adsorbent properties in materials and providing detailed information about their ability to adsorb pollutants.
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My paper "Bringing uncertainty quantification to the extreme-edge with memristor-based Bayesian neural networks" has been published in nature communication since the 20th November. But on google scholar, only the pre-print from research square is available...
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Dear Djohan Bonnet Quite an annoying problem indeed. I guess with some patient the problem will resolve itself, but what you may try is to add the DOI of the published paper in Research Square. According to https://help.researchsquare.com/hc/en-us/articles/360049698731-Can-I-withdraw-or-remove-my-preprint-from-the-platform they state and I quote "If your manuscript has been published, a link to the published DOI can be added to your preprint. This will allow readers to view and cite the published work."
Perhaps this speed up things.
Best regards.
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Dear Doctor
"The nine types of neural networks are:
  • Perceptron
  • Feed Forward Neural Network
  • Multilayer Perceptron
  • Convolutional Neural Network
  • Radial Basis Functional Neural Network
  • Recurrent Neural Network
  • LSTM – Long Short-Term Memory
  • Sequence to Sequence Models
  • Modular Neural Network"
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Data is part of the code.
Neural network is actually code for fuzzy match.
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Yes neural networks is a model in data mining which always gives the best result when compared with other models, especially in predicting and making decisions.
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If an activation function has a jump discontinuity, then in the training process, can we implement backpropagation to compute the derivatives and update the parameters?
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Yes, because what matters isn't the activation function, but the cost function.
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..
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Dear Doctor
"The activation function decides whether a neuron should be activated or not by calculating the weighted sum and further adding bias to it. The purpose of the activation function is to introduce non-linearity into the output of a neuron."
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In the rapidly evolving landscape of the Internet of Things (IoT), the integration of blockchain, machine learning, and natural language processing (NLP) holds promise for strengthening cybersecurity measures. This question explores the potential synergies among these technologies in detecting anomalies, ensuring data integrity, and fortifying the security of interconnected devices.
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Imagine we're talking about a superhero team-up in the world of tech, with blockchain, machine learning (ML), and natural language processing (NLP) joining forces to beef up cybersecurity in IoT environments.
First up, blockchain. It's like the trusty sidekick ensuring data integrity. By nature, it's transparent and tamper-proof. So, when you have a bunch of IoT devices communicating, blockchain can help keep that data exchange secure and verifiable. It's like having a digital ledger that says, "Yep, this data is legit and hasn't been messed with."
Then, enter machine learning. ML is the brains of the operation, constantly learning and adapting. It can analyze data patterns from IoT devices to spot anything unusual. Think of it as a detective that's always on the lookout for anomalies or suspicious activities.
And finally, there's NLP. It's a bit like the communicator of the group. In this context, NLP can be used to sift through tons of textual data from IoT devices or networks, helping to identify potential security threats or unusual patterns that might not be obvious at first glance.
Put them all together, and you've got a powerful team. Blockchain keeps the data trustworthy, ML hunts down anomalies, and NLP digs deeper into the data narrative. This combo can seriously level up cybersecurity in IoT, making it harder for bad actors to sneak in and cause havoc. Cool, right?
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Dear Doctor
"In this Answer, we will walk through the process of building a simple neural network using Keras.
  1. Step 1: Install the required libraries. ...
  2. Step 2: Import libraries. ...
  3. Step 3: Prepare the dataset. ...
  4. Step 4: Build the model. ...
  5. Step 5: Compile the model. ...
  6. Step 6: Train the model. ...
  7. Step 7: Generate test data. ...
  8. Step 8: Evaluate the model."
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Dear Doctor
"Backpropagation is a process involved in training a neural network. It involves taking the error rate of a forward propagation and feeding this loss backward through the neural network layers to fine-tune the weights. Backpropagation is the essence of neural net training."
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Dear Doctor
"To update the weights, the gradients are multiplied by the learning rate (alpha), and the new weights are calculated by the noted formula. Weights update formula for gradient descent. "
"
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Imagine training a neural network on data like weather patterns, notoriously chaotic and unpredictable. Can the network, without any hints or constraints, learn to identify and repeat hidden periodicities within this randomness? This question explores the possibility of neural networks spontaneously discovering order in chaos, potentially revealing new insights into complex systems and their modeling through AI.
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The answer may be, No. recurrent neural networks cannot capture those too-complex patterns even after being trained with more than 100 years of time series data. Perhaps it is not possible with any kind of probability model to exhibit any chaos even with too many constraints and conditions and even with customised activation and design. I am not 100% sure but as far as I know, something more complex like Multiple Time Scales and multiple critical rates of changes or transitions needed to consider modelling any properties of chaos, Recurrent neural networks simply apply the advanced or extended strategies originating from conventional methods like Markov model or hidden Markov models and this kind of model has multiple states and also consider recurrence relation, transitions, ergodicity, periodicity etc. but since the chaos is continuous and it should be model with a continuous system model and also the model should Have the capacity to express all the possible complexities, interactions and influences with the general and all other possible timescales.
It is a very simple fact that a probabilistic model can never ensure the correctness of the predictions and explain the prediction.
I cannot tell how to model or what kind of methods can be used to approach this problem but I have discussed with some prominent and leading mathematicians currently working together to develop the mathematical Foundation To model the complexities and nonlinearities.
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Imagine machines that can think and learn like humans! That's what AI is all about. It's like teaching computers to be smart and think for themselves. They can learn from mistakes, understand what we say, and even figure things out without being told exactly what to do.
Just like a smart friend helps you, AI helps machines be smart too. It lets them use their brains to understand what's going on, adjust to new situations, and even solve problems on their own. This means robots can do all sorts of cool things, like helping us at home, driving cars, or even playing games!
There's so much happening in Artificial Intelligence (AI), with all sorts of amazing things being developed for different areas. So, let's discuss all the cool stuff AI is being used for and the different ways it's impacting our lives. From robots and healthcare to art and entertainment, anything and everything AI is up to is on the table!
Machine Learning: Computers can learn from data and improve their performance over time, like a student studying for a test.
Natural Language Processing (NLP): AI can understand and generate human language, like a translator who speaks multiple languages.
Computer Vision: Machines can interpret and make decisions based on visual data, like a doctor looking at an X-ray.
Robotics: AI helps robots perceive their environment and make decisions, like a self-driving car navigating a busy street.
Neural Networks: Artificial neural networks are inspired by the human brain and are used in many AI applications, like a chess computer that learns to make winning moves.
Ethical AI: We need to use AI responsibly and address issues like bias, privacy, and job displacement, like making sure a hiring algorithm doesn't discriminate against certain groups of people.
Autonomous Vehicles: AI-powered cars can drive themselves, like a cruise control system that can take over on long highway drives.
AI in Healthcare: AI can help doctors diagnose diseases, plan treatments, and discover new drugs, like a virtual assistant that can remind patients to take their medication.
Virtual Assistants: AI-powered virtual assistants like Siri, Alexa, and Google Assistant can understand and respond to human voice commands, like setting an alarm or playing music.
Game AI: AI is used in games to create intelligent and challenging enemies and make the game more fun, like a boss battle in a video game that gets harder as you play.
Deep Learning: Deep learning is a powerful type of machine learning used for complex tasks like image and speech recognition, like a self-driving car that can recognize stop signs and traffic lights.
Explainable AI (XAI): As AI gets more complex, we need to understand how it makes decisions to make sure it's fair and unbiased, like being able to explain why a loan application was rejected.
Generative AI: AI can create new content like images, music, and even code, like a program that can write poetry or compose music.
AI in Finance: AI is used in the financial industry for things like algorithmic trading, fraud detection, and customer service, like a system that can spot suspicious activity on a credit card.
Smart Cities: AI can help make cities more efficient and sustainable, like using traffic cameras to reduce congestion.
Facial Recognition: AI can be used to recognize people's faces, but there are concerns about privacy and misuse, like using facial recognition to track people without their consent.
AI in Education: AI can be used to personalize learning, automate tasks, and provide educational support, like a program that can tutor students in math or English.
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For such a nice and researched discussion.
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Dear Doctor
"CNNs have unique layers called convolutional layers that separate them from RNNs and other neural networks. Within a convolutional layer, the input is transformed before being passed to the next layer. A CNN transforms the data by using filters."
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Dear Doctor
"Types of neural networks models are listed below:
The nine types of neural networks are:
  • Perceptron
  • Feed Forward Neural Network
  • Multilayer Perceptron
  • Convolutional Neural Network
  • Radial Basis Functional Neural Network
  • Recurrent Neural Network
  • LSTM – Long Short-Term Memory
  • Sequence to Sequence Models
  • Modular Neural Network"
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This question blends various emerging technologies to spark discussion. It asks if sophisticated image recognition AI, trained on leaked bioinformatics data (e.g., genetic profiles), could identify vulnerabilities in medical devices connected to the Internet of Things (IoT). These vulnerabilities could then be exploited through "quantum-resistant backdoors" – hidden flaws that remain secure even against potential future advances in quantum computing. This scenario raises concerns for cybersecurity, ethical hacking practices, and the responsible development of both AI and medical technology.
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Combining image-trained neural networks, bioinformatics breaches, and quantum-resistant backdoors has major limitations.
Moving from image-trained neural networks to bioinformatics data requires significant domain transfer, which is not straightforward due to the distinct nature of these data types and tasks.
Secure IoT medical devices are designed with robust security features in mind and deployed. Successful attacks requires exploiting a specific vulnerability in the implementation of security measures, rather than the reliance on neural network capabilities.
Deliberately inserting backdoors and to the extent, even quantum-resistant ones, poses ethical and legal questions that would go against norms and standards of cybersecurity practitioners. The actions would violate privacy rights on the federal level, ethical standards and codes of conduct and pose severe legal consequences. Those would be the domestic ones; assuming we're keeping the products in the US.
Quantum computers with sufficient power to break current cryptographic systems are not yet available. Developing quantum-resistant backdoors knowingly anticipates a future scenario to be truth that is still today largely theoretical, without being proven or true.
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Dear Doctor
"Number of Neurons and Number of Layers in Hidden LayerThe number of hidden neurons should be between the size of the input layer and the size of the output layer. The number of hidden neurons should be 2/3 the size of the input layer, plus the size of the output layer."
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Dear Doctor
"Sigmoid/Logistic and Tanh functions should not be used in hidden layers as they make the model more susceptible to problems during training (due to vanishing gradients). Swish function is used in neural networks having a depth greater than 40 layers."
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Dear Doctor
"Feedforward ANNs are often used for simple classification tasks, while backpropagation ANNs are used for more complex tasks, such as speech recognition, image recognition, and natural language processing."
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Call for paper(HYBRID CONFERENCE): 2024 IEEE 𝟰𝘁𝗵 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝗮𝗹 𝗖𝗼𝗻𝗳𝗲𝗿𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗼𝗻 𝗡𝗲𝘂𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗡𝗲𝘁𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀, 𝗜𝗻𝗳𝗼𝗿𝗺𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗼𝗺𝗺𝘂𝗻𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗘𝗻𝗴𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 (𝗡𝗡𝗜𝗖𝗘 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰), 𝘄𝗵𝗶𝗰𝗵 𝘄𝗶𝗹𝗹 𝗯𝗲 𝗵𝗲𝗹𝗱 𝗼𝗻 𝗝𝗮𝗻𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆 𝟭𝟵-𝟮𝟭, 𝟮𝟬𝟮𝟰.
---𝐂𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐅𝐨𝐫 𝐏𝐚𝐩𝐞𝐫𝐬---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
- Neural Networks
- Signal and information processing
- Integrated Circuit Engineering
- Electronic and Communication Engineering
- Communication and Information System
All accepted papers will be published in IEEE(ISBN:979-8-3503-9437-5), which will be submitted for indexing by IEEE Xplore, Ei Compendex, Scopus.
𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐚𝐧𝐭 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐬:
Full Paper Submission Date: November 12, 2023
Registration Deadline: November 28, 2023
Final Paper Submission Date: December 22, 2023
Conference Dates: January 19-21, 2024
𝐅𝐨𝐫 𝐌𝐨𝐫𝐞 𝐃𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐬 𝐩𝐥𝐞𝐚𝐬𝐞 𝐯𝐢𝐬𝐢𝐭:
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thank you for the information
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Dear Doctor
"Different Types of Neural Networks in Deep Learning
  • Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
  • Convolution Neural Networks (CNN)
  • Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN)
  • Perceptron.
  • Long Short-Term Memory Networks.
  • Radial Basis Functional Neural Network."
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Dear Doctor
"Compared to its predecessors, the main advantage of CNN is that it automatically detects the important features without any human supervision. This is why CNN would be an ideal solution to computer vision and image classification problems."
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Dear Doctor
"Method to overcome the problemThe vanishing gradient problem is caused by the derivative of the activation function used to create the neural network. The simplest solution to the problem is to replace the activation function of the network. Instead of sigmoid, use an activation function such as ReLU."
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