Science method
Near Infrared Spectroscopy - Science method
Near infrared spectroscopy is a spectroscopic method that uses the near infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum (from about 800 nm to 2500 nm).
Questions related to Near Infrared Spectroscopy
Hi.. I am doing NIR analysis for rapid quantification of major compound in essential oils.
I am using PLS Regression with 10-folds cross validation. However, the value of coefficient correlation (R2) of calibration set was slightly higher compared to prediction set. Does it make sense?
Here is the result of using 1st derivative SG as data pre-processing method
PLS MSEC: 8.1189, PLS R²C: 0.8498
PLS MSECV: 10.0940, PLS R²CV: 0.8132
PLS MSEP: 6.6743, PLS R²P: 0.8907
Thanks!
Hi folks.
I am looking for alternative ways to study water distribution and mobility in my food sample. Typically time-domain NMR is employed to identify the T2 relaxation time corresponding to free, bound and immobilised water but we dont have the instrument here in my area. I've found a promising (and validated) method using NIR spectroscopy, however it is run on FTIR and requires wavenumber up to 5500 cm-1 to capture the water band. Again, the FTIR I have access to only provide information until 4000 cm-1.
Is there any way I can obtain this information other than the said methods?
Welcom my dear
I need for help me in this project and this project include the most important signal for the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor cortex (MI) will be energized during motor execution and imagery. The collected real dataset will be analyzed using the fNIRS-SPM: Statistical Parametric Mapping for functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy toolbox.
halllo,
I am trying to calculate the signal -noise ratio.
i do not know how to proceed.
there are 256 different wavelength and 420 scans from NIR spectrocopy.
please for suggestions :)
We have an opportunity to outfit a new lab for rapid and low-waste diagnostics of agricultural plant and soil samples, primarily for macro- and micro-nutrients (although if more detailed analyses are possible that is nice, but not a priority). I am wondering from those who have extensive experience in the usage of XRF and/or NIRS what are, in your opinion, the best models on the market and why?
Hi,
I have been trying to search for answer what is the best way to attach NIRS device to tibialis anterior muscle to prevent excess moving and light interference ?
If anyone have some practical advices I am more than happy.
I need more information on NIR spectroscopy
Comparing PLSR, PCR, SVMR and MLR, which one is better for the correlation between linear data (MIR and NIR spectroscopies) and chemical data (pH, peroxide value ...)? There is(or are) other tools better than the four ones cited former ?
A: Use actual values from NIRS
B: Use a margin of safety
C: Use stochastic programming
D: Do nothing about it
Please give the proper answer and how it is performed. Provide a short demo video if as soon as possible.
We are a small Human Factors department working mainly on automobile/pedestrian research and sometimes support surgery studies. We plan to purchase a NIRS as a tool for workload measurement. It would be great if the software is easy to use, as I would love to use it in student courses.
If you have a NIRS and are happy with it or hate it - I would love to hear from you!
Thanks!
Gerald
Traditionally, the Karl Fischer titration has been used for determining the moisture content in UO2 powder samples, for example, as described by Hibbits, 1953 on Google [Attached]. A Metrohm webinar has described the use of NIR spectroscopy for determining the moisture content in pharmaceutical chemicals [ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HSKaLZwaJvw ]. First, the moisture content is determined by NIR spectroscopy. Then the same samples are used for determining moisture by Karl Fishcher titration. Then a graph is drawn correlating the two sets of values. Using this graph, only NIR spectroscopy is used for moisture estimation of future samples, dispensing with the Karl Fischer method. Is NIR spectroscopy recommended for UO2 powder as a substitute for Karl Fishcher method?
Hello All,
Please, I want to know how to use Landsat 8 imagery to generate the soil texture map after correlating the outcomes of the laboratory analysis with the cell values at the desired wavelengths (VIS: 350-700 nm: Bands 1 to 4) and (NIRS: 701-2500 nm: Bands 5 to 7).
We are looking for a spectrophotometer and fluorometer to record absorption and fluorescence within the NIR-II optical window (900 - 1800 nm). What are the best ones in terms of quality/price? Thank you.
Is Raman-Spectroscopy equaly limited in the detection dark/black materials as NIR-Spectroscopy?
Are there already Raman-Spectrometers with HSI (Hyperspectral Imaging) like possibilities available?
To design a proper experiment given the fNIRS signal characteristics, should one follow the fMRI experimental design recommendations (both signals present the hemodynamic delay), or are there specific recommendations for fNIRS experimental design one should care about as well? (relevant references on this?)
Hi i am a Medical Physics PhD student, im interested in Radiolysis and production of free radicals, i am very curious is to collect information is there any possibility to measure the free radicals, singlet oxygen in vivo and vitro. My idea is to measure the spectral changes.I would appreciate suggestions or possibilities if any.
Hello, everyone.
We have some questions about our fNIRS data. Here is the detail information on our data collection and processing.
1) This is a fast event-related design experiment.
2) There are six piuture, data of the left side piture are raw data without filter, the right side was process by NIRS_SPM with filter.
3) We show fnirs data (only oxy) from three different channel, the horizontal axis means time-serial of the round one of task, the lontidudial axis means oxy concentration.
My questions are as below:
1) Which CHANNEL of fnirs data is better (CH01 or CH11)? why?
2) Why the raw data of CH07 (LEFT picture) droped sharply in the middle of the task? Is this a bad signal?
Why are concrete and red-brick buildings cyan in infrared false color (IRFC) images?
Most building materials are made of soil (e.g. red tile roofs or concrete), thus most urban areas have the spectral signature of a soil.
Nevertheless, in IRFC satellite images we usually see bright urban areas in Bright Cyan instead of Dark Brown/LightBrown to Orange or Whitish. why is that?
Drinking water is heterogeneous and of variable quality. I would like to examine their mineral contents and other water quality parameters themselves. How can spectral changes in the visible and NIR light spectra be monitored? What measures will help me deal with the variability of the water solution rule?
Traditional and non-immersive computerised methods incorporate the employment of static and simple stimuli within a highly sterilized environment, while the ecologically valid tests which are currently in use do not adequately reflect the complexity of real-life situations. In contrast, immersive virtual reality (VR) enables the implementation of dynamic stimuli and interactions within a realistic environment, offers a high degree of control over the environment and the procedures involved. However, there is a scarcity of implementing immersive VR in conjunction with established neuroscientific tools such as neuroimaging tools (e.g., magnetoencephalography, electroencephalography, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy) and physiological measurements (e.g., thermal camera, galvanic skin response, electromyography, and eye-tracking). I would like to request from researchers, who have already implemented any of the aforementioned neuroscientific tools in conjunction with immersive VR, to share their insights regarding their advantages and disadvantages of using these tools in immersive VR research paradigms.
I want to analyze the honey quality including adulteration by FT-NIR(Fourier transform near infrared )spectroscopy diffuse refelectance measurement mode .please i need information by any one of you who have experience on this area ?
There is plenty of NIR spectrometers with up to 2.5u spectral range (upper limit is set by InGaAs detector arrays). There is also a variety of FTIR spectrometers that typically cover up to 3-20 um range and usually very expensive. But there are almost no spectrometers on the market in the SWIR range 2-5um. Is it because they are not so useful for spectroscopists? We are developing a family of cost efficient NIR/SWIR spectrometers with spectral range that can cover 1-2.5 um or 2-5 um depending on the detector used. The NIR 1-2.5um spectrometers are very popular and there are plenty of applications in this range. But we are wondering if there would be any applications and demand in the 2-5 um range?
I am performing a PLS regression analysis on NIR spectroscopy data to predict a continuous Y-variable using PLS toolbox. As the figures in PLS toolbox are not looking nice, I would like to make the scatterplots of the PLS model myself (scatterplot of Y measured vs. Y predicted, including a 1:1 fit line and the model line). I am wondering how I can calculate the 'model line' using the obtained scores and loadings. For clarity, the raw data were pre-processed before the actual PLS regression analysis. Did somebody already try to do this?
Does anybody know a database on fluorescent properties of chemical compounds?
There are many papers describing flurescent properties of various compounds. Is there any database on fluorescent properties with a structure search function?
fNIRS is an interesting tool to investigate neural mechanisms of movement control. Does fNIRS reveal sufficient spatial resolution to identify cortical areas associated to e.g. leg or arm function? I.e. is it possible to differentiate between cortical activities that control upper vs. lower extremity movements using fNIRS?
I have the data of total dissolved soilds of apple as references (y-variable).
I also have near-infared spectra data as predictors (x-variables).
I have the StatSoft Statistica software for the analysis.
I am doing a study on classifying fruits on visible region taking spectra with Vis-NIR spectroscopy. I want to classify the fruit based on maturity in terms of skin color. I am trying to use SVMC, SIMCA and KNN with PLS toolbox. I went to the wiki site of the eigenvector, but the procedure described there is a bit blurry to me. It would be great if somebody could tell me the stepwise procedure on how to perform these on PLStoolbox using Matlab.
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a spectroscopic method that uses the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum (from about 700 nm to 2500 nm). Typical applications include pharmaceutical, medical diagnostics (including blood sugar and pulse oximetry), food and agrochemical.
Near-infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS)
For a clinician, it is important to understand the basic principles of NIRS, to know the limits of use and to interpret them correctly. NIRS is a technique in which the amount of absorption by which chromium molecules [oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb) and deoxyhemoglobin (HHb), cytochrome-c oxidase (CCO), myoglobin)] is measured as NIR light passes through the tissues. Chromophore can also absorb NIR light in tissues. There are molecules called. These molecules have specific absorption rates which vary according to the oxygen concentration in the tissue. The amount of light absorbed by the tissues is directly dependent on the chromophore concentration. At least two different wavelengths for comparison of chromophore concentration in NIRS measurements should be used. These two wavelengths are commonly used in measurements as O2Hb and HHb used in the measurements show the greatest difference in absorption at light of 700 to 850 nm wavelength. While two wavelengths are used in the first produced devices, the accuracy rate of the measurements is increased by using multiple wavelengths in the devices used today. The basis of the NIRS working principle is the Beer-Lambert law, an optical physics law. According to this law, the light is absorbed according to the material it passes through. Spectral resolution spectroscopy, frequency have developed techniques for dependent spectroscopy and time-dependent spectroscopy. Determining the chromophore concentration level in benign and malignant nodules in thyroid nodules has become simpler with these methods. I am hopeful that a non-invasive diagnostic method will be developed by the departments that support this hypothesis without being done in the future.
I'm trying to get my hands on a glass panel with a high solar factor g (SHGC). As almost all panels are coated with this anti-NIR coating straight from the factory, I need to find a way to remove the coating either mechanically (without changing the surface texture) or preferably chemically.
There are many papers used ga-pls in near infrared spectroscopy
what are the advantages of using pls instead of other multivariate models?
Hello, I work with FOSS WinISI 2 (windows 7)for NIRS scans and considering an upgrade to WinISI 4. Does anyone who works with version 4 recommend it? how different it is from the old version?
Hello, everyone,
Now I am considering nonlinearity detection of near-infrared data, that is, to confirm whether is it better to use nonlinear model instead of linear model for calibration. I found that Durbin-Waston test had been introduced to address the problem and I am confused of the following questions?
1. Is D-W test designed for univariate regression? If so, what should I pay attention if I used it to multivariate regression?
2. If so, is the result of D-W test related to the number of independent variables ( explanatory variables) ?
3.If I want to use D-W test with the principle variables (PCA preprocessed) of NIR matrix, which PC or PCs should be selected?
Hello everyone
I have developed a compact spectrometer (photo attached) and working towards developing it into a milk analyzer. I will be using 600-1100nm, based on literature, where researchers have used this range to quantify the fat% in milk.
Before beginning, I would like to make sure how the calibration could be transferred from one device to another. There are some products available already in the market like Foss Milkoscan, but they use mid-infrared wavelength range, making it less challenging to transfer calibration. Others like Fatscan, haven't yet made it to the market.
Is it impossible? Can someone please elucidate the actual challenge in scale up while transferring calibration? Any leads would be appreciated.
Thanks.

Near Infrared Spectroscopy
High germinative capability
we are coming up with an innovation that uses a non- invasive way to determine the triglyceride levels in the body. So far, we have decided to use spectroscopy ( via infrared). We are still clueless as to how triglyceride is measured.
What is the most suitable software tool for data processing and chemometrics applied to NIR/IR, Raman, X-Ray hyperspectral imaging? Please could you share your experience.
I could only find the wavelength for Doxycycline Hyclate (273nm). Does this apply for monohydrate also? Because I'm getting very high values (around 3.2 for just the clear plate) which I think deviates from Beer-Lambert law. Any ideas on this?
Hi, I am working on muscle oxygen consumption and I would like to assess this parameter with near-infrared spectroscopy. I recently came across on the Binzoni and al.'s publication (in attachement) which provide a new method to measure mVO2 during a dynamic exercice. I would like to apply this approach with the Portamon device (Artinis) but I don't know how to apply the equations described in the publication with the collected data by Portamon (Text file in attachement)
Thanks
Any other information anyone can offer about NIRS systems would be much appreciated.
I am working on noninvasive blood glucose monitoring method based on four near infrared spectrums and double artificial neural network analysis.We choose four near infrared wavelengths, 820 nm, 875 nm, 945 nm, 1050 nm, as transmission spectrums, and capture four fingers transmission PPG signals simultaneously.
Can we use sensors with wavelength range from 600nm to 900 nm in NIR spectrometers to analyze soil moisture? They are so cheap comparing to those with range beyond 1000nm.
Dear all,
Why NIR fluorescent probes are widely used for in vivo imaging ?
Visible range under 650nm is impossible for in vivo imaging ?
I'm really wonder that...
Thank you.
Hi Research Gate NIRS community,
I have a simple question. Why do you choose to report oxy or deoxy when you report for a paper/poster?
I have heard both sides of the story and this has been discussed quite heavily recently in my lab. I am curious as to why some people choose to pick one or the other outside of my little world, i.e. my lab. Having done NIRS analysis for awhile, I find it funny sometimes how different my story could be if I reported just oxy or just deoxy because they can be very different stories sometimes. While I understand it is good practice to report both, I find it quite common to pick one or the other.
I look forward to your responses!
Andrew
1) Suggest a method for calculation of Critical Micelle concentration (CMC) value from peak wavelength obtained from Absorption v/s wavelength plot generated using Near Infrared Spectroscopy
2) For measuring surfactant under NIR Spectroscopy. I am considering wavelength range of 1400-2200 nm based on previous work. Please comment
3) Please have a look at the plot for better understanding of question
It will be great for sharing any experience in conducting this line of research
I want to combine fNIRS and eye tracking to study autism, but since they have a different sample rates, and eye tracking is much more faster, so how to synchronise them?
NIRS to detect sleep patterns.
I am doing a project where I need to create a portable device that can detect just whether pesticides are present or not in food. Since there are smart phone attachable portable spectrophotometers, I was wondering if I could exploit this to test for pesticide residues
A colleague and I have been trying to decide which NIRS system to purchase and hope to get advice from those with experience. We have no experience with NIRS and have lots of ideas for how it may be used in our psychology/behavioral neuroscience department (we are not purchasing it for one particular research goal). We’d like to be able to record from any area of cortex (not just prefrontal) and we’d like something flexible and modular so that we can scale up when we get more funds. We think we’ll have 75 - 100k to work with for now. Do you have suggestions based on your own experiences with particular vendors and systems? Thank you.
Hello, maybe someone know where I could find MNI coordinates for fNIR400 or fNIR100 probe? Or maybe data converter for NIRS-SPM or Homer? Thank you a lot!
I am working on a milk analyzer device. We have made a flowcell (pipe) made up of aluminum, in which milk will run in one direction, and light will be passed through it in perpendicular direction (we have place glass slides in pipe to make a transparent container for passing light).
Problem is whenever we try to take readings at some intervals, the fat residue from previous test interferes with the next. Hence, we are considering using a super-hydrophobic coating (Any other suggestion is welcome!).
Does anyone has data on the absorption spectrum of the coating in the range 400-1100nm?
Please share experience in using such kind of coating on metal and transparent acrylic.
I am computing O2 saturation levels as the rate between HbO and HbT (HbO/HbT) recorded through fNIRS. While most of the outputs range between 0-1, I have some negatives values and also some values > 1. Is it possible? How can it be interpretated?
Thanks in advance
G.
With the technology of 3d scanning, I was wondering if anyone in the NIRS or EEG research community has utilized it for acquiring 3d digitizer data aside from the Polhemus. My lab uses the Polhemus, but it is often prone to funny errors and data that doesn't look great when we use it for localizing channels. Was hoping to find an easier and faster way and if that is even out there.
Now , I study about peat forest fire. From literature, I got some information that Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), a kind of remote sensing product is ideally suited to gathering detailed data on carbon inventories and dynamics in peat-lands, as well as monitoring moisture levels that are critical in evaluating the risk of fire. My questions are, How to get Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) data? Where?
Thank you
Sigit
Dear NIRS Community,
I've just started working with NIR spectroscopy, I'm actually getting to know this technique and the OMNIC™ software which I'm using.
I've been recommended to apply automatic baseline correction to pre-process spectra, although I'm wondering is it a reliable tool? Or should I use other methods to eliminate baseline shift variations as a part of chemometric processing of spectras?
As many of you know, reducing head motion is vital for analysis and integrity of data. I was curious to see if anyone else in the NIRS field has used an accelerometer for head motion as a covariate in analysis. Recently, our lab published on using smart phones. But I wanted to know if others used commercially available accelerometers do to this as well. Ease of extracting raw x,y,z data is particularly what I am interested in knowing before I dive head first into this search would be very valuable and appreciated. As usual, it's nice to hear directly from others than solely relying on the literature.
Thanks RG community!
Andrew
I'm using the NIR-spectrometer model PT-IM100 from Pharma Test. The glass vial will be filled with the solid samples for measuring by NIRS. To perform a measurement with paste or liquid samples, the Aluminum stamp should be put in the glas vial.Why can't the liquid sample be measured without using the metal stamp (like the solid samples) ?
Thank you
How can I distinguish between the first stretching overtone N-H and O-H bands in NIR region as both of them show the adsorption in 1400–1500 nm?
hello community!
I've a handheld spectral analyzer (microPHAZIRNIR) and I need measure a lot samples of honey but these are crystallized. I read many articles, some propose;
- heat the sample
- liquefy the sample
- measured immediately after harvest
But, there aren't consensus
Anybody know any protocol...
Thanks in advance
As well as Calcium and Phosphorus? How can I get the metabolizable energy in NIR.
I would like compare two ECM using a Near Infrared spectroscopy, but I want use a non-treated ECM as a control. How can I compare? Which band I can use as reference?
I'm doing pre/post measurements in the upper limbs during controlled exposure of human subjects. After that, I'd really like to take the device and run around the hospital with it (assuming ethics approval of course). I don't think I need a very sensitive device, just something durable and reliable.
Two questions:
- How do I assess the literature comparing NIRS devices?
- How much can I expect to spend?
Does anyone have any recommendations? I liked the look of this device
-Van Haren, R. M., Ryan, M. L., Thorson, C. M., Namias, N., Livingstone, A. S., & Proctor, K. G. (2013). Bilateral near-infrared spectroscopy for detecting traumatic vascular injury. journal of surgical research, 184(1), 526-532. link
Or the Artinis Portamon but that seems more like a Lexus :)
Thanks!
How to measure blood glucose level of a human using NIR? I there any relationship between glucose level and pressure of blood?
I want to do measurement using two different NIR instrument and FT-IR for a same sample (oil). What i've been observe when a sample is used for measurement, sometimes it got a bit hotter. I've read on sample temperature that a few degrees difference can change the spectral data.If the same sample is used for three different measurement, does this sample deteriorate? I am please to hear opinions on this matter. Thanks.
I want to set up Cluster Calibration by NIR (qualitative calibration) for one Chemical that includes so many classes. Two Classes do not appear well separated from each other. In spite of that the Calibration's Protocol was satisfactory.
I tried to do Offline prediction to test the calibration with spectra that I didn't used in my Calibration. All spectra were identified correctly but the "Status" was "Not Ok". I guess, it could be because of these two classes that are not well separated.
According to the Manual the message "NOT OK" appears, when the actual residual is bigger than allowed residual or when the spectrum is not within the cluster limits.
Thank you so much in advance
Hi!
How many samples are necessary for make a good calibration of NIRS DS2500 F for Pennisetum clandestinum and supplements of ration for dairy cow? It is the first time to use NIRS.
Thanks!
We have chaged our poulty feed to wheat based product from corn based one.
Fat content also increased by around 2%. Now NIR results are not accurate for Fat, fibre and sometimes moisture. But protein results are correct. Can anybody explain this situation.
Hi all,
In a first experiment we have been recording nirs data with a sampling frequency of 10 Hz. To correct from movement artefacts and so on we have applied the typical band pass filter [0-3]. In a new experiment, we ve doubled the sampling frequency (20 Hz) so we are going to work with a band pass filter [0-10]. Someone who has faced the same situation has a suggestion?
Thanks in advance =)
Guillermo
Hello everyone,
All is setup, but when I start the mesaurement it looks like this: http://tinypic.com/r/8wmluu/8 . I biased the graphs with the button in the OxySoft sotware, but there is still nothing happening.
Details from exported Excel file:
Optode template: PortaMon TSI QCF
Optode distance: 35.00
DPF: 5.94
Receivers: 1
Lasers: 6
ADC: 8
Laser wavelengths:
Laser 1 844 nm
Laser 2 755 nm
Laser 3 844 nm
Laser 4 755 nm
Laser 5 844 nm
Laser 6 755 nm
Anyone any idea? I am missing something or is something wrong with the DAQ setup?
Kind regards,
Marcin

We'd like to use the NIRS at line, but with 4 seconds for each mesure we don't have time to mesure all the products. We already tried to reduce the sample count average, but it didn't change a lot
Has anyone any experience/advice for measuring central/distal hemoglobin via NIRS (NIRO-200, Hamamatsu Photonics) during water immersion? Will the electrodes function underwater? Will immersion destroy the electrodes? Before I test this out, and potentially make a very expensive mistake, just wondering if anyone has tried this before.
Thanks
My lab is looking into integrating the two systems and was curious to see if anyone had experience with combining the two methods? It is definitely present in the literature but I wanted to hear from people directly on what systems worked well together. Ideally, we'd want two portable systems that could potentially be wireless and not sensitive to some movement, since the project is geared towards driving and in a driving simulator. Also, I am trying to use eye tracking with it as well and leaning towards Tobii. If anyone has experiencing coupling eye tracking with NIRS or EEG that'd be helpful as well. Hope to hear from some of you.
Could anybody help me with some references or books on the pre-processing methods for spectroscopy, such like MSC (Multiplicative Scatter Correction)?
Thank you!
I am using MODIS surface reflectance product (250m spatial resolution, 8 day composite) which comprises two bands: one is visible band and another is NIR Band. Is it appropriate to use NIR band for identification of flooded water as the surface reflectance of water is low in this band. Can anybody say approximate range of reflectance value for flood water.