Nationalism - Science topic

Hi Trung Duc Luu

Creating a Local Input-Output (LIO) Table from a National Input-Output (NIO) Table involves scaling national transactions to match the economic structure of a specific region. The ARIO model requires this step to estimate regional economic responses to disruptions. Below is a step-by-step guide without formulas.

Since regional economies do not mirror national ones, adjustments are needed. These can be done using location quotients (LQ) or similar techniques, which compare the importance of an industry in the region to its importance at the national level.

This helps estimate the regional supply chain structure.

This step helps model supply chain dependencies and economic linkages between regions.

Once all values are adjusted for regional production, imports, and GSP, the table must be balanced so that total outputs match total inputs.

To create an LIO table from a national IO table and GSP, follow these key steps:

The likelihood of nations returning to the gold standard in the modern era is low, despite occasional recommendations from some economists and policymakers. Here's a detailed analysis of why a return is unlikely and the challenges it would pose:

1. Why Nations Abandoned the Gold Standard

Limited Monetary Flexibility: The gold standard ties the money supply to the availability of gold. This constraint can lead to deflation during economic downturns, as central banks cannot print money to stimulate the economy.

Economic Shocks: Under the gold standard, countries struggled to respond to crises like the Great Depression, as monetary policies were rigidly linked to gold reserves.

Global Trade Imbalances: Countries with trade deficits faced a drain on gold reserves, forcing painful economic adjustments. This system made managing international trade and payments challenging.

Currency Speculation: Fixed exchange rates under the gold standard were prone to speculative attacks, destabilizing economies.

2. Modern Monetary Systems and the Gold Standard

Today, most countries use fiat currency systems, which allow central banks to control the money supply independently of physical gold reserves. This system provides flexibility to manage inflation, unemployment, and economic growth.

Fiat currencies are backed by the economic strength, creditworthiness, and productivity of nations, not gold reserves.

3. Challenges of Returning to the Gold Standard

Gold Reserves Mismatch: The global economy has grown far beyond the value of existing gold reserves. Returning to the gold standard would either require a massive revaluation of gold or significant deflation, which could destabilize economies.

Economic Rigidity: Returning to the gold standard would reintroduce the inflexibility that plagued economies in the past, limiting governments' ability to respond to modern economic challenges like recessions or financial crises.

Global Coordination: A global return to the gold standard would require multilateral agreements and trust among nations, which is difficult given geopolitical tensions and diverse economic priorities.

Disruption to Financial Systems: Financial markets and institutions are deeply rooted in fiat currency systems. Transitioning back to gold would create significant upheaval and uncertainty.

4. Arguments Advocating for the Gold Standard

Inflation Control: Proponents argue that the gold standard could reduce inflation by preventing governments from printing excessive money.

Currency Stability: A gold-backed currency might offer more stability, as its value would be tied to a tangible asset.

Trust in Currency: Some argue that a gold standard could restore public confidence in currencies by providing a physical basis for their value.

5. Alternatives and Modern Proposals

Instead of a return to the gold standard, some have proposed:

Using cryptocurrencies or blockchain-backed stablecoins as a modern alternative to fiat currencies.

Creating a commodity-backed basket currency, incorporating multiple resources like gold, oil, and rare metals.

Strengthening international cooperation on monetary policy rather than reverting to historical systems.

Conclusion

While the gold standard has its historical appeal, it is unlikely that nations will return to it. Modern economies are far too complex, and the benefits of monetary policy flexibility outweigh the potential advantages of a gold-backed system. Instead, governments and institutions are more focused on improving fiat systems and exploring digital currencies to meet contemporary challenges.

Госпожа Марина Комашко,

Спасибо за внимание.

Пожалуйста, напишите мне свой адрес электронной почты.

С уважением,

Сиявуш

Thank you for taking the time to write. Hope you find some good food for thoughts in that article. Today I am writing about RETHINKING DEMOCRACY to understand the post 2016 Brexit and USEXIT structure of the liberal democracy landscape.....

Sharing here one of five already out there:

“Governor Gavin Newscum is trying to KILL our Nation’s beautiful California,” Trump said Friday in a post on Truth Social, using his derisive nickname for the governor. “He is using the term ‘Trump-Proof’ as a way of stopping all of the GREAT things that can be done to ‘Make California Great Again.’”

We will soon be returning WWE (World Wrestling Entertainment, based in Florida) as Trump smacks down his opponents nationally, and soon internationally. Even though many (including myself) have compared Trump to Hitler, Trump is unique in his use of male adolescent passions to mobilize the nation against all enemies. This differs from having blonde haired, blue eyed Aryan men running the world with the Richard Wagner’s symphonies (Wagner, a card-carry antisemite) leading the charge. I would have to agree with recent defenders of Donald Trump believing that since he has not exterminated millions of civilians that comparing Trump to Hitler is at the very least premature. Let’s see what happens over the next four years—hope the Democrats rethink why they are failing America and return to being the party of FDR: now the party of  MAGA,

To be honest, Margaret Canovan's 1996 book is more balanced and fairminded than much that has been penned about populism in the past 15 years. The tone of recent work about populism by academics placed political theorists borders on the paranoid and hysterical rather than anything that offers a valid understanding of either the phenomenon or the concept.

I strongly recommend Roger Eatwell and Matthew Goodwin's National Populism: The Revolt Against Liberal Democracy (2018). It is more political science analysis explaining the trends. Take a look at Matthew Goodwin's Values, Voice and Virtue (2023), which goes deeper into the issue of values that shape populist thinking in the UK context.

I used it and it is fine :) see:

Dear Tarun Martheswaran, I have extensive experience in academic writing and editing, and I would be more than happy to provide you with feedback on your paper, as well as any assistance you might need in improving the overall structure and content. Whether you need help with grammar, sentence structure, or the overall flow of the paper, I am confident that I can provide you with the support you need to make your paper a success.

Please let me know if you are interested in working together on this project. I am excited at the prospect of collaborating with you and helping you achieve your goals. Marco (m.cascella@istitutotumori.na.it)

Aholining milliy urf-odatlari hisobga olinsa albatta ta`sir qiladi.

There are no active projects

Dear Dhurgham A Abdulwahid ,

You can access through library OPAC

Here is the article on this,

In the last few years, a lot has changed, ie a lot has been done in terms of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. On the other hand, the degree of implementation of the individual 17 Sustainable Development Goals is significantly diversified and for most of these goals it is still insufficient to meet the needs that arise from, inter alia, from sustainable economic development, from pro-environmental transformation of the economy, protection of the natural environment, biodiversity and climate of the planet, development of renewable energy sources, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and environmental pollution, improvement of waste segregation techniques and recycling, development of ecological agriculture, afforestation of civilization degraded areas, reducing income stratification of citizens, etc. Much has been done on these issues in recent years, but much more remains to be done. There is a lack of a coordinated policy for the implementation of all 17 goals and an integrated policy of ministries and central public institutions for the necessary environmental transformation of the classic growth, brown economy of excess to a sustainable, green, zero-emission economy of zero growth and circularity. This is a key issue in the context of the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and counteract the accelerating global warming process. The issue of the high level of significance of this issue was also confirmed by the Sixth IPCC Report "Climate Change 2021: the Physical Science Basis", published on August 9, 2021, i.e. based on the analysis of research results and 14 thousand. scientific work, a report summarizing the current and predicted climate changes prepared by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change operating at the United Nations. In the European Union, pioneering legislative changes and actions are taken in the field of pro-ecological reforms aimed at accelerating the process of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic caused a deep economic recession in many countries, a significant decline in the level of services provided and production in some sectors of the economy, a decrease in consumption, economic growth, an increase in unemployment, etc. Due to the recommended home quarantine and the introduced lockdowns, some citizens switched to remote work via the Internet and reduced the use of motor vehicles, saved time and costs of commuting. In mid-2020, a pandemic-induced decline in environmental pollution was recorded in some urbanized and industrialized parts of the world. However, these pro-environmental positive processes did not last long. There was an opportunity to significantly increase the scale of the implementation of the pro-environmental policy, the implementation of the sustainable development goals, and the pro-environmental transformation of the economy. However, in the programs of anti-crisis state interventionism, which was and is mainly economic interventionism, the above-mentioned possibility was not used and the scale of pro-ecological reforms and the implementation of the sustainable development goals was not increased.

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Respectable George R. Jacobson, This is fantastic query. I hope you would get informative data from these following paper :

Best wishes for your upcoming research.

Thanks a lot

Please also have a look at this useful link.

We bought a Waters Bus Lace Card PCI on ebay

Timber houses in northern Europe

Timber houses, also known as wooden huts, originated in northern European countries such as Sweden, Finland, Norway and Russia. The reason is that in these places, what was found in abundance was forests and trees. Timber houses have a very prominent exterior. Usually the color of these houses is burnt brown to black and the timber is placed horizontally. In the corners, the beams are fastened together. Of course, before the construction of these houses, brick houses related to the Viking period style were very common in these areas. Later in the mid-17th century, Swedish immigrants introduced this style of home to the people of North America, and later Native Americans and American colonists imitated this style of architecture.

Dynamic changes in labor market needs and increased competition between universities (as well as with other organizations providing various educational services) increase the requirements for the adaptability of universities. In addition to educational and scientific activities, universities have an important social mission. Therefore, the most difficult task is to combine the traditions and quality of education with the need to respond quickly to change.

American satire has now developed into a new genre--Gallows Humor. The difference is that satire represents a particular point of view, but Gallows Humor does not. Gallows humor criticizes all points of view. Examples include John Irving's THE WORLD ACCORDING TO GARP, Joseph Heller's CATCH 22, Ken Kesey's ONE FLEW OVER THE COOKOO'S NEST, etc. Here is a PowerPoint about American satire.

As per the agricultural sector concern not only the Nepal but all the other economies around the globe feel slowdown which may be related to pandemic outbreak coupled with other regional factors. but if we look into deep all the countries where agriculture is a major contributor seems poor and less developed compared to one those depend on service or industrial sector. The main reason agriculture is monsoon dependent, fluctuation in market price and consumer preferences severely also paly major role which are hard to manage.

" ألمرأة شرف و اشرف ما فيها انها ام لا غنى عنها "

English: A woman is an honor and honorable thing in which

she is an indispensable mother

I think yes!

Migration is also important.

the royal coat of arms prevails in all religious foundations with royal patronage.

Dr .AR .Saravanakumar Dear, History is a great teacher. It teaches what our forefathers did, what the left undone, what we should do in present and what we should left for the generations to come.

Dwar Mary Wilson, thank you very much. I have the article, but no the book. It seems to be very interesting.

Well, Dhani, while some actions must be coordinated across borders (water management regionally, for example) and globally (setting GHG targets), most countries must define and apply locally-appropriate actions. These don't have to be in conflict (necessarily) with other national goals like agriculture production or industrialization, but the tradeoffs (economic and political) and potential multiple-wins must be carefully and transparently assessed. One recent report that explains those issues is freely accessible here: https://www.glopan.org/foresight2/

It depends on how low interest rates are already.

surplus trade balance rather than deficit trade balance also have favorable effects on balance of payment

Hi everyone, thanks for your feedback! As Javier Zorrilla de San Martin suggested, I have contacted John Dempster. He was extremelly kind and offered different solutions. Basically, he said I should be able to fully operate up to 4 amplifiers due to the limit of 4 analog outputs in these NI cards. In order to connect more amplifiers, one of the 4 outputs should be routed to the extra amplifier stimulus inputs. He also offered to upgrade WinWCP to enable the support of more than 4 amplifiers, which is the current default.

1.

2.

3. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00480169.2009.36888?casa_token=CNulRB35izEAAAAA%3AWSkxCfHjw5x1nUv0ou4QnyJiPrZ7GnLvPZ2tQsBefiRHcPR5iQVer5KDYJh-HxaQKT7c0EYWRgS2

Hope that helps.

Dear Apanisile,

Many developed nations have sufficient resources and sufficient teams for creating coronavirus vaccine - only time is necessary for these teams. It may be that several countries at short time differences will have the good and sufficiently tested vaccines. Other problems, connected to COVID-19, have to be attributed to international organizations, politicians, countries' and municipalities' administrations.

Joint research project, or answers to the questionnaires of the projects, for instance. Of course, publication of joint articles and books.

For categorical or nominal data, you should use a chi squared test. And one large data file, not 3 separate ones

Minaketan, I agree to disagree with your view.

The round table is a great idea! I'll be happy to participate in it. Thanks a lot for this initiative.

Yes, of course, I've heard about these planned exhibitions.

I've know about that approximately since 2012, but... :)

I'm also planning an interview with Prof. D. Lortkipanidze and other specialists and I hope it will be successful.

Thank you again for your initiative.

sincerely, G.M.

Dear Sebastian A. Vaduva, The impact of the IT&C information technology sector on the national economy is a developmental, topical and important topic.

I recommend the monograph: "Legal and Social Aspects of Cybersecurity"

This monograph will attempt to answer the question how legal, technological and social aspects of cybersecurity are shaped in the perspective of the activities of various bodies and commissions of the European Union and national government administration. From the point of view of the topic taken up, it is also important to identify new threats posed by the criminal environment in cyberspace. International researchers on various cybersecurity problems cooperating with each other in various scientific institutions, state sectors and private enterprises, have taken the trouble to describe the cybersecurity conditions from the above perspectives.

I am conducting research on this issue. I invite you to research cooperation. Below I am providing a link to the web page with the description of this monograph.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341266979_Characteristics_of_the_monograph_Legal_and_Social_Aspects_of_Cybersecurity?_sg=sc7IbU8xnHqTqFOHezepG4dGxq46ySNAv3nuJ7tFy_gSUJzzkcP0XpiEH-ke76IWXm50svqo5yNEoQdk_0uwNascYLbzayZtLM4Zt3OK.DW_dR69jK_yEfIHpUdSDCXr-S11bv_n8FFw-BBu4raDgcGeaYAe1bx4DS4GHdFU_GA33M6kUP1-9CiSyrKXXrw

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Dear Avinash Tukaram Panchal, sustainable development in all field is thé main concern. Zero emission engines is an exemple. My Regards

When they cannot achieve their goals, the rational parties unite to achieve common results. When they do not achieve what they want, associations lose their meaning, become a burden and often fall apart. But along the common path, they build relationships that transcend the boundaries of the rational and build limited rational and even irrational relationships. In conditions of uncertainty and high risk, the role of irrational ideas for establishing aspirations and ambitions prevails. They build the ideas of selfishness and altruism. Nationalism is a kind of selfishness, the fruit of limited rational and, in extreme cases, irrational ideas for exceeding the assessments of one's own image and role. Entering this zone does nothing good for solving specific security cases, as well as for humanity as a whole.

The term nationalism is not acceptable for the case of developing a vaccine for COVID-19, if the competition of the countries leads to a successful result in the fight against the virus.

Unfortunately, some are doing everything to steal European identity. Such threads are obliging Poland and other countries to draw the specifed and private identity .

Hendrik van Eeeden I suggest you revisit history of SDG, how UN arrive at this approach and how companies started adhering to it, gradually working on this framework. I am sure you ll come across path breaking projects undertaken by whistle blowers of SDG, all across the globe.

SDG wikipedia I am sure you visited it.

Country-wise top companies tackling SDG can be searched.

Before writing one line hypothesis, create your literature review map, and trust me, research is always a divine blessing and a magic, the UN histories, the reports will eventually lead you to find your relevant hypothesis statement that you can very well prove. All the best!

I think we need to know what nationalities we are talking about as it is not only the Police but the rule of law in different countries dictate how the police agencies interact with the Interpol.

First, we need to understand that language, identity, and culture are interwoven. Culture is a defining feature of one’s identity while language is an entity that connects a person to his culture, and therefore language is part of culture and identity. A particular language points to the identity of a particular group of people. Through language, we express our identity and cultural beliefs. In fact, language is used to understand one’s identity and culture.

National interest like any other concept in social science, lack a general defined. The regime or system of government in operation speak volume on who and who may contribute in determining national interest. Under rigid and dictator leader, national interest may be more like a reflection of the leader. Is also very import to point that national interest is influenced by international (or external factor) and national (or internal factors). Please find attached article that may be of help.

They have great fear on COVID-19 but the life make them more busy in routine economic productive activities directly.

One thing they have strong immune power genetically in their body and casual intake of the food items which is normally available in their country will make them more strong indirectly.

The other thing is that those who have strong Vitamin D in their bodies are not highly vulnerable to COVID-19.

The Africans are getting Vitamin D through natural sunlight as well as by consuming Beef Liver.

Those who are having Vitamin D may not affect due to Corona easily.

This link maybe useful for you :

Hi Run Tan ,

It is a real challenge to discuss inclusion in a certain moment like now. However, definitely the usage of innovation, new technology and artificial intelligence are the doors for the future and present. This is a very interesting topic. I am able to continues the debate.

The latest research on this topic can be found in this 'state of the field' article: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/nationalities-papers/article/ultimate-challenge-nationalism-and-climate-change/1667FAD7F2731F536AA671C42C8E99C3/share/1353fc689bc91d3579cf02b49595792deeb75cf1

Dear Arunkumar M Khannur ,

I completely agree with Kheepe Lawrence Moremi on this. It is a natural move to look inward and to protect your own market in times like these. Not only that but many country agencies are now raising awareness with campaigns like "buy local food", "support local businesses" etc. Again, 100% expected and 100% normal.

regards

The article linked below sheds light on the causes of COVIF-19 in meat industry.

Yes. Both fears of shame and socio-cultural prejudices play major roles in interracial dating. Yet people have many other factors like safety and security or opportunities (both physical and financial) are also related factors that arise in interracial datings.

As dear Mauro said, number of publications

Theoretically only...

Try to limit your discussion to a more specified perspective. You can refer to historical records and pursue the roots of that hate in a specific era, based on various evidences.

I would like to share my experience:

Discrimination does exist. Some people who discriminate others do not even aware of it. My family name is not a typical English one, so I know what you are unhappy with.

I think one solution is to make ourselves internationalized. For example:

1. Attend international conferences.

2. Write papers in English. It’s simple: make sure they can read your academic outputs.

3. Quantify your ability and show it online. For example, the H-index, citation, RG score, etc.

4. When writing the content, not only involve the local issues but international ones. I was also invited to review papers, and I personally don’t like the papers focusing too much on local issues, because the conclusions might not apply to other contexts, therefore, the academic value could be limited. I am not saying we cannot conduct studies on our countries; I mean we need to make sure our conclusions are of wider implications. For example, I will not analyse the “Chinese educational policies” (which are very easy to be discriminated), but I will analyse “the test-oriented educational policies: examples in China”. I will also try every possible means to involve participants in other countries to make the results validated.

5. Polish the language. The unauthentic language greatly and negatively influence the editors’ and researchers’ decisions. It’s not easy for non-native speakers. I have been bothered by this for a long time.

Hope you find these helpful.

I think we all have this, it's a human attitude

There are events that reshape societies, from the language we use to the level of security and control we are used to. Corona falls into this category that reshapes societies, and may even have a greater impact. This global virus that keeps us in our homes actually changes the form of our relationship with political power, the outside world, and our relationships with others. Accordingly, it will have a serious impact on all knowledge in various fields .

Dear Nancy Ann Watanabe , the native language of Giorgi Macharashvili (and mine as well) is Georgian - ქართული.

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) has added the Georgian alphabet to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity: https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/living-culture-of-three-writing-systems-of-the-georgian-alphabet-01205

Kind Regards,

Yes, since that is the research gap you are filling.

If you look at international relation theories of soft power and constructivism, you will find a lot of them are relevant to culture and identity.

Jose Luis Minguillón Hernández: 0 (ZERO) publications on ResearchGate, 0 (ZERO) publications on Scopus. Institutional web-page: NOT FOUND.

Here you are your Resume! And you pretend to be credible! Regarding my accusation, I would be very glad to answer to any questions from the local authorities.

Hi Lesley, you would have to report discreet rates for England, Scotland, Wales and NI as the mental health legislation and definitions vary. The NHS benchmarking network has though done some v recent work in this area which surveys all countries and would be worth looking at that if you can get access or find someone who can.

The basic source of analytical data are data describing the economic and financial situation, which are collected and aggregated in statistical offices. However, you will have to wait several weeks or several months for this data. The necessary analytical data can be collected faster by conducting surveys among entrepreneurs, directors of logistics departments in enterprises as well as citizens and households. In this way, it would be possible to estimate the projected decline in economic growth in terms of individual sectors and the entire national economy.

Best wishes.

Dariusz Prokopowicz

What is expert or authority? International FDAs and NIH, and majority on biomedical scientists, still do not understand the Definitions of “PD” , “Synergy” and “Addititve of TwoDrugs”! Do you understand? If not, please read Chou TC, Pharmacological Rev. 58: 621- 681, 2006, or visit www.combosyn.com. Thanks.

Today English is the language of science and this is why it is so important to the people of the world.

Thanks @Mary C R Wilson

I am not much aware of the situation at present. 4-5 years back, it was not a mandatory requirement for application. However, since the selection procedure is highly competitive (again this may depend on the potential university and the program/subject domain), good publications and publications in good/reputed journals would significantly support your application.

WE CAN OBSERVE IN THIS WAY THAT IT INFLUMS A LOT ABOUT EVERYTHING IN THE SUBJECT OF EDUCATION AND THAT THESE PEOPLE SUFFER BUYLLING, ALSO AT HOME AND HYGIENE BECAUSE THEY CANNOT HAVE THE BASIC NEEDS COVERED

I encourage you to discuss your topic on the light of

Bandura's social cognitive theory (self-efficacy). I believe it is the best fit for your study.

Good luck!

I agree with Feng, it is not possible to do it at national level (also depend on country). Each city has different density and land use, different needs of transport like some may be suitable for BRTS, some for metro or some needs only satisfied with city bus system. Also the paying capacity will be different in different city depending upon metropolitan area or small city.

At national level (individual for country), it is possible to come up with some thumb rules like with such urban density and land use, we can propose such transportation mode or combination of modes etc.

Thanks so for your ideas

Hi Liz,

Thank you for expressing interest in our project.

We are nearing completion of all studies and hope to publish the results very soon. I will happily keep you updated on our progress.

In the meantime I wish to you the very best with your training.

Dior

This resource is useful, I will add more in future;

Hello. Unfortunately I don't have this information

Please go though the UNWTO, WTTC and the other statistics published by respective countries, then you will be able find the answer for your question. Good Luck

Massimo Airoldi .... how about adding your own views also?

Mohsen Joshanloo

I beg to differ with the findings that life satisfaction is an economic indicator. Had it been the case the people of Upper Classes might not be facing frustration. Yes, It is an undeniable fact that there is a close link between life satisfaction and economic condition of an individual/family but not the ultimate one.

I am interested for this conference. would you give me the flier about this agenda