NATO - Science topic

This abstract examines the intricacies of American foreign policy and diplomacy, highlighting important influences on the nation's international interactions. The United Nations' and NATO's roles in the U.S. foreign policy strategy are also emphasized in the abstract along with the significance of alliances and other international organizations. Th...

The regional dynamics of the Indo-Pacific Region (IPR), particularly maritime security-related, are distinctly different from other regions, especially Europe. There are existential sub-regional dynamics that vary across the IPR, which need to be viewed through an Indo-Pacific lens and not a European or NATO lens. This issue brief argues that while...

Após algumas notas soltas sobre o início da minha carreira na Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, como aluna de Matemática Pura e como docente da Secção de Matemática Aplicada, avanço com as ideias básicas que associo à formação da 'Escola de Extremos' em Portugal, atualmente reconhecida pela comunidade científica internacional. No meu...

While the delivery aspect of AUKUS – that is of nuclear-propelled submarines and advanced technological capabilities – continues to cause frenzy in the international arena, the global recalibration of security relationships at the heart of the pact will be the most world-altering element. This essay reflects on the implications of AUKUS as a pillar...

English is the global language and one of the most dominating languages of the world which is having its impact on every field of work. English is also the most popular language when it comes to business, with many leading international organizations using it as their official language. English is the working language of many international organiza...

The recent rapprochement among China, Iran and Russia reveals the emergence of a new, unexpected, regional strategic triangle with the potential to balance the United States’ dominant position. By focusing on the evolution of this strategic triangle in the post-Cold War period, this article investigates the driving forces that bring the three...

The looming confrontation between Turkey and Greece drives home the need for NATO to regain its bearings and focus on fundamentals.

This paper discusses the emergence of cognitive sensing in a NATO environment, with special attention for 'mission-cognition'. The nature of mission-level cognition will require a paradigm shift in how these systems are integrated into the current intelligence cycle. The optimisation of remote sensing capacities at mission level will allow for curr...

Özet 11 Eylül sonrası küresel güç mücadelesinin birinci adresi konumunda bulunan Afganistan, Obama'nın yeni Afganistan-Pakistan (AfPak) stratejisi ile birlikte yeni bir döneme girişin eşiğinde bulunmaktadır. 2009 yılında bizzat Başkan Obama tarafından hazırlanan söz konusu yeni stratejide Afganistan'da ulus ve devlet inşası ile demokrasinin kurulm...

Person (lat. persona) is base and core of Karol Wojtyłas approach of the theory of participation. Therefore, personhood – next to solidarity and subsidiarity – becomes a leading principle of a personalism which is rooted in reason (Kant) but also love (Scheler). Against this background, personalistic pedagogy can be worked out and described while l...

The EU is a one-of-a-kind maritime actor, a fact that brings both opportunities and responsibilities. It has been argued that, if the EU-27 were to combine the capacities and capabilities of their navies, they would form one of the world's largest maritime powers. There is therefore space for better integration of capabilities and greater coherence...

Based on the Euro Social Survey, we show that Croatians’ values do not predict perfectly their political partisanship. This feature may be a consequence of the lack of interest of Croatian people on politics, which explains the significantly lower electoral turnout in Croatia. Besides, surprisingly, Croatians’ judgment of government’s performance i...

Motivated personnel, in sufficient numbers and with the right mix of skills, training and experience is the bedrock of military capability. This has always been the case, but the requirements of defence transformation have led to increased levels of interest in this area as many nations embark on major changes in manpower structures in order to mee...

The article examines situation of the European security system and the main challenges that appears in the second half of 2010, in particular, the impact of the Syrian crisis and Russian aggression against Ukraine. Author investigated the main changes of the European security strategy; also examined the main areas of cooperation with the EU and NAT...

Between Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine on February 22nd-24th, 2022, and Volodymyr Zelensky’s counter-attack of August 29th, 2022, the Russia-Ukraine war has become a Cold War-style proxy war between the West (the US and its NATO allies) and the East (the Russian Federation and its Eurasianist cohorts), supported by a Cold War-style propaganda...

This paper offers an analysis of public statements made by Turkish government representatives, contrasting official attitudes on the issue of nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament before and after the alleged military coup attempt in 2016. Significant developments in this period include diminishing democracy in Turkey and the emergence of desta...

• Turkey’s president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, unexpectedly vetoed Sweden, and Finland’s joint NATO membership bid. • Turkey wants both countries, but predominantly Sweden, to cease supporting the PKK (including affiliated organizations) and FETO, and reaffirm their stance on PKK as a terror organization; to curb PKK activities domestically and resolv...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are widely used in electronic applications because of their high voltage, high specific energy, long lifespan, and other characteristics. Electrode materials have garnered interest as an indispensable component of LIBs. Na 7 [H 2 PV 14 O 42 ] is used as an electrode material because of its excellent properties. In this...

Au trecut 370 de zile de la invadarea Ucrainei de către armadele rashiste putiniste, de când criminalul Putin a adus iadul pe pământul Ucrainei. Ucraina a intrat în cel deal doilea an al războiului, planificat de acest căpcăun al secolului XXI ca un blitzkrieg de doar 2-3 zile. Au trecut 8880 de ore, ore lungi cât zile întregi pentru mulți ucrainen...

A paper presented at the International Symposium on Security and Peace organised by the Center for Peace and Violence Prevention (CPVP) and the Conflict Studies Center (CSC) Babes-Bolyai University, Romania, on 02 March 2023.

For most of the Baltic Sea region, geopolitics has not "returned" – it never left. Instead, it is the rest of Europe that is now catching up to a reality that has long been plain to many states around the Baltic. Europe’s security situation today is precisely the one that Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania had long warned of – and were written o...

To improve the maneuvering stability of uncrewed armored vehicles during emergency steering and obstacle avoidance under high-speed driving conditions in off-road undulating terrain, in this paper, we establish a 7DOF dynamics model based on the time-varying trajectory curvature for the lateral and vertical motion of the spring-loaded mass and the...

Disruptions to shipping and other malicious maritime activities may have immediate and/or long-term effects leading to serious economic and political consequences. This Hybrid CoE handbook establishes a taxonomy of 15 maritime hybrid threat scenarios, each of which is followed by a short legal analysis. The handbook aims at supporting the Participa...

The main purpose of this paper is to find the determinants of productivity growth and its evolution over time for 27 North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries over the period 2010-2017, with respect to the Global Peace Index. To this end, a production function was estimated for each year using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology w...

It is universal in the armed forces that the military workforce and its human capital play a key role in the production of defense and military capabilities. A handful of unusual traits in the armed forces’ personnel and human resources policies – e.g. the recruitment solely of young employees, the provision of military-specific education, the f...

South Korea’s response to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has been marked by Seoul siding with NATO, the USA, Europe, and, thus, Ukraine, and distancing itself from Russia. At the time of writing, South Korea is the only country in Asia to condemn Russia including in UN votes, impose sanctions on Moscow, provide aid and non-lethal military equipment t...

Objectives The objective is to answer three research, policy, and strategy questions: 1. Is and will be the NATO and US strategy of nuclear deterrence effective against Russia? 2. Can the strategy of nuclear deterrence as the supreme guarantee of the security of NATO have a lasting public acceptance in the member states? 3. Is it necessary to compl...

In the conditions of military aggression, resource limitation, actual transition to weapons, military equipment and standards of NATO member countries, the issue of centralization of the existing defense resource management system of the security and defense sector of Ukraine is becoming more and more urgent. A constellation of scientists was engag...

The world has never been so close as is nowadays to attain the Buddhist highest ideal of nirvāṇa with the ultimate prospect in mind of total erasure of human bad karma along with the most democratic collective realization of liberation, salvation and nirvanization for the whole humankind with just one touch, once for eternity.

Russia’sRussia full-fledged invasion of UkraineUkraine—and the military build-up that preceded it—renewed debate about the impact of NATO enlargement on European securityEuropean security. Critics even assert that NATO enlargement even was a major factor that drove President Vladimir Putin’sPutin, Vladimir decision to launch Russia’s “special milit...

This study uses political science theories of conflicts, wars, war crimes, and genocides and empirical analysis of thousands of primary and secondary sources to examine the war in Ukraine since the Russian invasion on February 24, 2022. The research question is as follow: What are the nature and origins of the war in Ukraine? The analysis shows tha...

Multilayer armour system (MAS) becomes the best choice in reinforcing protection for military officers against projectile attack which has a high velocity of up to 7.62×51 mm NATO ball lead core (projectile level III NIJ standard) or AP 7.62×51 mm hard steel core (projectile level IV NIJ standard). This study aimed to analyze the damage formation o...

The article provides a study of the influence of the martial law introduced in Ukraine on the development of the specialization of the lawyer's activity. The authors set a goal to characterize the current state of the development of the specialization of the lawyer's activity under war conditions in Ukraine and to outline its prospects, taking into...

Taking into account the implementation of NATO standards in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the provision of medical care meets the requirements of world standards. Rapid changes in the operational situation at the front and the use of high-energy weapons of mass destruction also require new organizational approaches in providing medical aid to wounde...

Artykuł przedstawia genezę Trójkąta Weimarskiego i jego rolę w integracji Europy po zakończeniu zimnej wojny. Na temat Trójkąta Weimarskiego, choć minęło już trzydzieści lat od jego utworzenia w literaturze przedmiotu w Polsce, Niemczech i Francji nadal krążą sprzeczne oceny i opinie. Z jednej strony podkreśla się jego duże znaczenie w procesie akc...

The Russian Federation, with its plans to regain influence over former Soviet bloc countries, currently constitutes the main military danger for the EU and NATO. Because the war is so close to the EU’s borders, European allies have every reason to increase army financing instead of fuelling a transatlantic disagreement about burden sharing. This ar...

Challenge Aim Design and develop content analysis tools capable of news channel monitoring, provided in forms of social media & communicators monitoring. The main aim of the tool is to identify & recognise specific content which meets criteria designed and provided by POL Cyber Command analysts. The most important aspect: the ability to recognise...

This research study aims to identify the most successful communicators across the Slovak information space and Czech information space on defence-related themes and to provide a detailed analysis of their communication, with a special focus on geopolitical sentiment, topics and narratives. The present work seeks to answer the following research qu...

published in: NRDC-GR HERALDNRDC-HERALD THE MAGAZINE OF NATO RAPID DEPLOYABLE CORPS-GREECE

Reading Graeme D. Eddie’s book – Swedish Foreign Policy, 1809–2019: A Comprehensive Modern History – is a remarkable history lesson. And don’t get me wrong, it is in no way like the boring, never-ending, tedious history lectures held by a dull teacher whotalks way too slowly; it’s something else. While being a historical review, the book is a real...

Cyberattacks are on the rise, and cyber weapons are the main tools used in modern warfare. All these occurrences are changing the nature of traditional diplomacy, contributing to developing new avenues for Cyber Diplomacy. The world's leading nations have realized the importance of establishing a diplomatic system of collaboration in the cyber sphe...

El process tracing aplicado a las políticas públicas permite rastrear y evaluar procesos de economía social identificando las variables y sus afectaciones. En este trabajo se analiza el estudio de caso del Programa Hilando el Desarrollo (PHD) en Ecuador entre los años 2007-2016. Para ello se realiza un análisis de los procesos de compras públicas i...

The issue of stability in the Euro-Atlantic community is related to NATO’s activities and the interaction of European states with the United States. In turn, an important place in the security environment of the European subcontinent is occupied by Poland, due to the geopolitical position of the state (critical influence on the stability in Central...

The efficiency and effectiveness of the international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) in ensuring peace and security as relevant and growing only in dynamic interaction and cooperation with other international actors (international governmental organisations, non-governmental actors, and civil society institutions) have been justified. The f...

For over 30 years of Ukraine’s independence, the ‘course to the West’ in foreign and security policy has experienced several changes, moving from ‘virtual Europeanization’ through ‘multi-vector’ policy to inscribing full membership in the EU and NATO in the Ukrainian Constitution. Such lack of consistency in the policy of affiliation with the West...

Since the end of the Cold War, the Arctic has often been portrayed as a symbol of model cooperation. Individual states were prepared to cooperate extensively despite disputes in other areas. The Arctic was therefore customarily regarded as an area with little potential for conflict. Cooperation between states that were in strong competition with ea...

This book analyzes major contemporary political and security problems in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Presenting case studies on various CEE countries, it highlights the persistence of non-democratic political trends in the region, with particular emphasis on authoritarianism in Belarus and the illiberal shift in the politics of Hungary and Po...

One of the important indicators of increasing the capacity of the health system and the chances of survival of patients and injured immediately after chemical, biological, radiation and nuclear (CBRN) accidents is rapid access to medical services. Establishing prehospital health response teams is one of the main strategies to improve the capacity a...

The gulf between EU security rhetoric and real security A briefing from MCC Brussels Professor Bill Durodié An image goes here 1 BRUSSELS Executive Summary "Against the blue sky of the Western world, the stars symbolise the peoples of Europe in a form of a circle, a sign of union. Their number is invariably twelve, the figure twelve being the symbo...

The NATO Allied Modelling and Simulation Publication AMSP-04 Ed B (NETN FOM) defines a set of HLA FOM modules that extend and complement the SISO RPR-FOM. A key module is Entity Tasking and Reporting (NETN-ETR), which represents tasking instructions sent to simulated entities while complying with the basic HLA rule of not directing interactions to...

On 29 January 2023, Petr Pavel emerged as the decisive winner of the Czech Republic’s presidential election. The country’s new president is a former chief of the General Staff of the Czech army and chairman of the NATO Military Committee, and an advocate for close European and transatlantic relations in Czech foreign policy. Since his victory, the...

Diplomatic attempts by international leaders to settle the situation have showed no signs of success, and the surprise conflict between Ukraine and Russia has taken the globe by storm in terms of politics, peace, economics, and global market systems. After the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991, Ukraine declared its independence. After having been a pa...

The question of war and peace has risen to the top of the list of wicked, seemingly insoluble problems in the first quarter of the 21st century, because of the threat of nuclear destruction and the unintended negative consequences of a protracted hybrid war. Complex thinking, capable of dealing with paradoxes, must be part of the repository of gove...

The war in Ukraine is the war of the USA and the WEST with NATO as the tool for it against Russia and China to prevent the USA, the WEST, and NATO from losing their leadership in the world. There is a fair chance we will get a nuclear at least incident, if not accident, if not even war from this reckless strategy of Biden in his old age S(terile)-S...

On the eastern flank of NATO, in Central Europe, four NATO member states border Ukraine, against which Russia launched an armed attack, a "special operation" in Russian terms, on 24th February 2022. This study aims to provide an analytical-evaluative comparison of the security strategies of Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, and Romania. The listed countri...

Afghanistan has been in perpetual instability since last four decades after the invasion of USSR and then NATO under the leadership of United States of America. United States after the demise of Taliban started reconstruction of building of Afghan nation and spent more than a trillion dollars for the said purpose, with few apparent achievements, ye...

« Si la coopération entre l'UE, l'OTAN et l'OCS doit être un succès, il est clair que les questions politiquement sensibles doivent être évitées. Lors du sommet de l'OCS 2008 de Douchanbé, le président kirghize Kurmanbek Bokiev a suggéré que l'OCS étende sa coopération avec les structures européennes, y compris l'UE. Cette première mention de la co...

Introduction Points of entry (POE) have an important role in timely national response to infectious diseases threats. However, a guiding framework is lacking for the transition from generic preparedness into optimally specified response for an imminent infectious disease threat, a step called ‘operational readiness’. Objective We aim to contribute...

To effectively assess the injury risk of the blunt impact of the SIR-X sponge grenade on the human thorax, In this paper, we used a numerical simulation technique to test the non-lethal kinetic energy projectiles that blunt impact on the Hybrid Ⅲ 50th dummy model. By simulating the effect of the L5 projectile on the thorax of the Hybrid Ⅲ 50th dumm...

The United States Army claims they are a “force out of position” and must transform for large-scale combat operations (LSCO). The current narrative toward LSCO warfighting comes at the expense of lessons hard-won over decades of small wars and stability operations. The focus on LSCO is an oversimplification of the complexity and ambiguity of the fu...

L'intervento si concentrerà sul contesto culturale e sociale dei paesi NATO, e farà riferimento all'era della Guerra al Terrore, inaugurata nel 2001 da George W. Bush dopo gli eventi del World Trade Centre. Quando parlo di guerra mi limito ad alcuni aspetti che mi sembrano essere quelli più essenziali di questa espressione di violenza organizzata....

Chemical terrorist attacks in closed areas are a serious threat to national security. In order to deduct the best reponse with regard to treatment and protective measures, simulation is the best tool, either in-silico or as a real-life exercise. The difficulty of the latter is the great number of resources necessary to set up a large-scale realisti...

A NATO katonai műveleteinek tervezését az átfogó művelettervezési útmutatóban foglalt alapelveknek, iránymutatásoknak és eljárásoknak megfelelően hajtják végre.Az útmutató egy folyamatos fejlesztés alatt álló dokumentum, amely 2010 óta segíti a művelettervezést. Jelen tanulmány bemutatja az átfogó megközelítés filozófiáját, az ebben értelmezett műv...

The UK faced a potential loss of influence after the 2016 Brexit referendum. Without a seat in EU institutions and absent from the Common Security and Defence Policy, London lost the opportunity to influence the trajectory of the EU as a security actor. However, the UK remains a heavyweight in European security and has focussed on ways to exercise...

The war in Ukraine has sparked an intense public debate in Italy over NATO's objectives and activities. A significant minority of the Italian public considers the alliance at least partially responsible for the conflict. Early analyses of the public debate over the conflict focused on the influence projected by the Russian state and state-adjacent...

This chapter aims to examine how Chinese social media users perceive NATO and the main narratives and discourses employed by online users. The chapter proceeds as follows: it starts with a literature review on NATO’s relationship with China, NATO’s strategic communication and external perceptions, as well as social media in China. We then raise res...

In recent weeks, other political initiatives and proposals to end the war have become known. One of the most important was the Chinese peace plan to settle the situation in Ukraine and resume peace talks. The 12-point plan was released on February 24, 2023, one year after the outbreak of the war. Initial reactions were mixed, while the Secretary Ge...

Eastern European societies and their economies have experienced specific and/or asymmetrical developments over the last 70 years. The political regime changes at the end of the 80s led these countries on the path of market economy and opened the doors for foreign investors’ presence, as privatizations of previously state-owned companies were consid...

The link between Tito’s illness and death, the events in Afghanistan and the Macedonian question is explored through newly declassified archival documents and memoir sources. In 1980, Belgrade and the world feared that Yugoslavia would descend into chaos after Tito’s death. The Soviet Union was expected to invade Yugoslavia after Afghanistan in ord...

Objectives This paper discusses the problems faced by Lithuania in its current geopolitical and geostrategic situation, as a post-Soviet state that has fairly recently joined the structures of the European Union and NATO. As one of the Baltic States with a relatively small territory and without significant natural resources, it must rely on coopera...

On November 21, 2022, Dr. Charles Kupchan, senior fellow with the Council of Foreign Relations and School of Foreign Service and a professor of International Affairs at Georgetown University, presented on Why NATO Has Become a FlashPoint with Russia in Ukraine at the 2022 Annual CASIS Vancouver West Coast Security Conference. The key points discuss...

On November 21, 2022, Brigadier-General (retired) Jay Janzen, Director of Strategic Communications with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, presented NATO’s Concept for the Deterrence and Defence of the Euro-Atlantic Area at the 2022 West Coast Security Conference. The presentation was followed by a question-and-answer period with questions fro...

Since Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Putin has mobilized different arguments to justify his bellicose stance, mainly the pursuit of NATO containment, the protection of ethnic Russians and Russian-speaking minorities, and the "denazification" of Ukraine. In this article I analyze the contradictions and inconsistencies in t...

The present research examines the strategic documents related to international and national security which were issued in 2022. Its purpose is to briefly review the content of these documents in order to inform about the ongoing developments in the international security environment and highlight the essential role of strategy, hopefully leading t...

The article considers the characteristics and key aspects of cooperation between Georgia and China. It celebrates the success of these countries in the institutionalization of economic contacts, which is the core of Beijing's initiative to form a pool around its project, “Economic Zone — the new Silk Road”. At the same time, it emphasizes that the...

This is the proposal for ending the war in Ukraine and Taiwan as well as the way for creating permanent World-Peace in Human-Society : Honourable President of America, President of Russia, President of China, Secretary General of NATO, Sirs, please call a meeting for ending the war in Ukraine and Taiwan as well as for creating permanent World-Peace...

The first two decades of the third millennium have clearly displayed the need to deal with the burden of historical heritage related to human security and, in fact, to growing insecurity. Moreover, no nation is able to solve this issue unilaterally-isolated from regional, transregional, as well as global trends and developments. Therefore, the emer...

The Ukraine conflict, which has been ongoing since 2014, is drawing new political-strategic challenges at the diplomatic supra-and international level with Russia's attack on 24 February 2022 and the surprising resilience of the defenders. Based on this constellation and referring to the Briand-Kellog Pact of 1928, so-called non-belligerent parties...

Savunma harcamalarının ülke ekonomileri açısından önemli bir gösterge olduğu kabul edilen bir gerçektir. Savunma harcamalarının, iktisadi açıdan, arz ve talep yönlü etkiler olmak üzere iki türlü etkileri bulunmaktadır. Talep etkileri, harcama düzeyi ve bileşimi aracılığıyla; arz etkileri ise potansiyel çıktı üzerinde etkili olan üretim faktörleri v...

This chapter focuses on domestic elites and examines the conditions under which political parties influence public perceptions of international organization legitimacy. While it is well-known that political parties are powerful communicators about domestic political matters, less is known about the effects of party cues on global political issues....

In the real-world, the quality and quantity of various desirable products, services and facilities are effectively chosen by the people within a single step due to the rapid development of e-commerce technologies. Also, this technology offers scammers to do make credit card frauds (CCF), as credit card is considered as one of the most payment metho...

Vzhľadom na geopolitický význam rusko-ukrajinskej vojny a vzdialenú perspektívu vstupu Ukrajiny do EÚ a NATO si súčasné prístupy, stratégie a politiky Západu vyžadujú intenzifikáciu, zmenu a inováciu. Hoci niektoré existujúce programy možno posilniť a prispôsobiť, sú potrebné aj úplne nové nástroje. Mali by byť doplnené lepším vysvetlením dôvodov v...

1984: an ordinary young man, Harry, arrives in a city where Orwell could have located the action of his famous novel "1984" to work at the Embassy of France. The StB, the Czechoslovakian Big Brother satellite of the Russian KGB, which plans to recruit him as an agent of the communist secret services, submits him to a similar surveillance as the Eas...

This article aims to evaluate the nature, structure and potential of the digital archives of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) not only from the archival point of view but also for their usefulness in the frame of the history of international relations. The first part of the work deepens the context of the history of international relat...

Zusammenfassung Die Eskalation der Spannungen um Taiwan stellt eine große Herausforderung für die indopazifische Sicherheitsordnung dar. Staaten des Indopazifiks, insbesondere Südkorea und Japan, wollen daher ihre Verbundenheit mit dem Westen stärken. Diskutiert wird dabei die strategische Mitwirkung Japans in der NATO, die Teilnahme Südkoreas und...

SYNOPSIS Survivability and Operability are key components in the identification of non-diesel substitute alternative fuels; each of the currently viable alternative fuel options have their own risks and opportunities which need to be considered in a holistic manner. International operations for NATO nations are driven by the requirement for compati...

Nu fiecare furtună vine să-ți distrugă viața. Unele vin să-ți curețe calea" (Pr. Constantin Galeriu) Sunt absolut de acord cu spusele marelui intelectual Preot Constantin Galeriu. Într-adevăr, unele mari furtuni aduc şi oportunităţi. Sunt şi cazurile din zbuciumata istorie a Neamului nostru. Pierderea de către Rusia a Războiului din Crimeea a desch...

Este artículo sostiene que vivimos en un período dominado por una teología laica; se trata de la proliferación de textos, documentos, declaraciones y demás de los distintos organismos multilateral, alrededor del mundo. Organismos de diverso calibre y de distinta extensión. El artículo hace una crítica de esta teología y de sus alcances y consecuenc...

Taliban seized power in Kabul on 15th August 2021 after the abrupt pulling out of US and NATO forces from Afghanistan. Taliban assured international community about the human rights protection, women education, freedom of media, and no use of Afghan soil by terrorists against any other country. These assurances appraised international community not...

Znaczenie geopolityczne wojny rosyjsko-ukraińskiej oraz przystąpienie w dalekiej przyszłości Ukrainy do UE i NATO skłaniają do intensyfikacji, zmodyfikowania i odnowienia obecnego podejścia, strategii i polityki Zachodu. Podczas gdy niektóre istniejące programy mogą zostać wzmocnione i dostosowane, potrzebne są również zupełnie nowe instrumenty. Po...

Tarih boyunca devletler sürekli bir güç mücadelesi halinde olmuştur. Bu nedenle kendilerine tehdit olabilecek bilgileri öğrenme merakı içinde olmuşlardır. Dolayısıyla devletler kendi güvenliklerini riske edecek durumlara, muhtemel çıkabilecek güç mücadelesi sonucunda üstünlüklerini sağlamak amacıyla istihbarat ve casusluk faaliyetlerine başvurmuştu...

The last vestiges of US troops bid adieu to Afghan soil at midnight of August 30 before the deadline set for 31st August. It is ironic that Afghan military forces of over 3 million surrendered to the Taliban’s mere 70,000 fighters. For this, many strategic analysts believe that President Ashraf Ghani’s weak and poor leadership compelled Afghan forc...

Russia-Ukraine War has caused a serious security concern in all European countries. In particular, northern European countries, which are militarily weak, experience a strong security dilemma. The purpose of this study is to analyse the approach of northern European countries to Russia-Ukraine War. Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland and Iceland are t...

The article critically examines and evaluates the usefulness and and potency of the QUAD grouping of America, Japan, Australia and India with the sole purpose of limiting China's expanding influence in the Asia-Pacific region. The article also argues that its member countries are unable to forge a common and coordinated approach because of their di...

TRANSFORMATION OF NATO PUBLIC DIPLOMACY The article deals with key principles and practical assignments in the field of NATO public diplomacy, evolution of NATO public diplomacy during a period from the end of cold war to contemporary time, determination of factors, exerting influence on aims, tasks and priorities of strategic communicative efforts...

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 was met with condemnation from the European Union and the United States as an "unprovoked and unjustified military aggression" that undermines the liberal international order. However, some international relations scholars, such as John Mearsheimer, argue that Russia had genuine security concerns with regard...

The 21 st century war in Eurasia induced by Russia's launch of a military operation in Ukraine in February 2022, stirred the world, not only capturing the attention of the international state and non-state actors but also questioning the rationale behind the act. Russia's attempted invasion of Ukraine, created a severe crisis, becoming the most ser...

Ever since its origins, the project of a European Union (EU) has been inspired by federalist ideas. Yet, whereas today's EU has federalist characteristics, it is neither a federation nor a confederation. It is best described in the terms of Michael Burgess, who considers it to be unique experiment. That experiment has entered a critical phase after...

The Russia-Ukraine war, its reasons and impact have been discussed by diplomats, politicians and intellectuals worldwide. While many accuse the Russian leadership and in particular Russian President Vladimir Putin for the war, some others criticize Western countries and principally the US for NATO’s eastward expansion and for disregarding Russia’s...