Mycology - Science topic

The “Funga Capixaba” have been overlooked for a very long time, leading to a gap in the local mycological knowledge. In order to create a preliminary and updated list of Ascomycetes and lichen-forming fungi from Espírito Santo state, Brazil we reviewed all specimens deposited in the VIES Herbarium and key references of former mycological studies. I...

Background Cutaneous disseminated sporotrichosis (CDS), also called hematogenous sporotrichosis, is a rare condition that usually affects immunocompromised patients. The current work presents the case of a woman with diabetes mellitus associated with CDS. Case presentation A 59-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus presented with a two-year histor...

Products must be cleaned or otherwise treated to keep them clean when they are prepared for further production or when they are supplied fresh to the consumer. Cereals have significantly lower settling losses than succulent agricultural products, but the risks that can arise from their hydrothermal treatment before milling—where the cereals are moi...

Microbiology is a difficult topic to teach given that the objects of study are for the most invisible to the learner. The majority of university students starting their training in biology are more interested in natural objects that can be seen with the naked eye. Nonetheless, microorganisms are key components of the biosphere and a good microbiolo...

Purpose of Review Tinea nigra is a superficial mycosis of the skin caused by a melanized fungus called Hortaea werneckii that is mostly reported in children and young adults and presents as a rapidly growing brown or black macule especially on palms and less frequently on soles. Several useful diagnostic tools are available to evaluate this acral p...

The digitization of herbarium collections has brought forth a transformative journey, transitioning Nepal's hidden kingdom of mushrooms and lichens from the shadows into the spotlight. Through a collaborative work within the framework of Global Biodiversity Information Facility's Biodiversity Information Fund for Asia (GBIF-BIFA), involving the her...

Since 2007 in Poland, skin lesions have been observed in salmon ( Salmo salar L.) and sea trout ( Salmo trutta L.) entering Pomeranian rivers to spawn. The clinical picture of affected fish resembled ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN), a disease of unknown etiology affecting mainly the scalps of wild salmonids. The aim of the 2009-2012 study was to d...

Background Despite the unprecedented surge in the incidence of mucormycosis in the COVID-19 era, the antifungal susceptibility patterns (ASPs) of COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) isolates have not been investigated so far and it is unclear if the high mortality rate associated with CAM is driven by decreased susceptibility of Mucorales to ant...

Background: The incidence of invasive fungal disease (IFD) has increased significantly, and IFD is a major cause of mortality among those with hematological malignancies. As a novel second-generation triazole antifungal drug offering both efficacy and safety, isavuconazole (ISA) is recommended by various guidelines internationally for the first-lin...

Itraconazole is now being used as the first line drug for dermatophytosis. Complete clinical and mycological cure are not achieved in some cases. The Super Bioavailable (SB) formulation is being marketed as a better formulation of drug in terms of bioavailability. To compare the efficacy and safety of SB and conventional Itraconazole in treatment o...

Fungi have a unique metabolic plasticity allowing them to produce a wide range of natural products. Since the discovery of penicillin, an antibiotic of fungal origin, substantial efforts have been devoted globally to search for fungal-derived natural bioactive products. Andean region forests represent one of the few undisturbed ecosystems in the wo...

Treatment of tinea paedis is very crucial with the different antifungal drugs. The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy and safety of oral use of terbinafine and itraconazole for the treatment of tinea paedis. This study was a double-blind, randomized, single-center clinical trial. The patients were randomly allocated to receive...

Background We assessed the laboratory diagnosis and treatment of invasive fungal disease (IFD) in Italy to detect limitations and potential for improvement. Methods The survey was available online at www.clinicalsurveys.net/uc/IFI management capacity/, and collected variables such as (a) institution profile, (b) perceptions of IFD in the respectiv...

Background Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a complication of severe COVID-19, with regional variation in reported incidence and mortality. We describe the incidence, risk factors and mortality associated with COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) in a prospective, multicentre UK cohort. Methods From March 2020 to March 2021, 266 m...

Infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant patients and can be prevented by regular screening after transplantation. Candidiasis is common after renal transplantation and candida albicans is the most isolated species. The clinical presentation isn’t specific and sometimes asymptomatic. The etiological investigat...

Introduction. Pneumocystis jirovecii is an opportunistic fungus that affects mainly people living with HIV (CD4 cell count lower than 200 cells/ml) and other immunosuppressed patients. Since P. jirovecii does not grow on routine mycological media, diagnosis of P. jirovecii pneumonia relies on indirect evidence of its presence in respiratory samples...

Natural and human-made disasters have long played a role in shaping the environment and microbial communities, also affecting non-microbial life on Earth. Disaster microbiology is a new concept based on the notion that a disaster changes the environment causing adaptation or alteration of microbial populations –growth, death, transportation to a ne...

Introducción. La tiña de la cabeza es una micosis que se presenta en el tejido queratinizado, afecta al cuero cabelludo y puede causar alopecia, prurito y descamación. Este tipo de micosis es más frecuente en niños de edad escolar, por lo que puede desencadenar un problema de salud pública. En Colombia, los principales agentes etiológicos reportado...

Cellulase is an important enzyme which is essential for industrial production of paper, animal feeds and other products useful for humans. Previous study showed that bacteria and fungi from different sources produce cellulase. Few reports exist on the production of cellulase from soil fungi. The purpose of the study was to isolate fungi from soil a...

Garri is consumed by several millions of people in the West African sub-region and in Nigeria in particular, regardless of ethnicity and socio-economic class. However, production and handling methods have not been standardized resulting in garri product with varying mycological contamination. The objective of this study was to assess the mycologica...

Fermented locust beans are a popular nutritious food seasoning that are prone to microbial contamination due to unhygienic handling and improper storage. This research aimed to evaluate the mycological quality of locust beans sold in Lokoja markets, Kogi State, Nigeria. Thirty (30) samples of locust beans were collected from five different markets...

Background: Nakaseomyces glabrata, formerly Candida glabrata, is an opportunistic yeast and emerging cause of human infections. The use of broth microdilution (BMD) methodologies for caspofungin (CSP) antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) against N. glabrata is reported to be prone to high inter-laboratory variation. We aimed to compare CSP mini...

Introduction Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) affects up to 9% of women worldwide. This amount is expected to increase due to lifestyle changes, increased fungal resistance and biofilm formation. Treatment options are limited and in 57% of the cases, relapses occur within 12 months after starting fluconazole therapy (golden standard). The...

Background: Dermatophytosis is a common dermatological problem. Recent studies have reported an increase in the prevalence of the disease. Management of dermatophytosis thus has become challenging for both dermatologists and patients due to their resistance to treatment and their refractory nature. Currently the management of dermatophytic infectio...

Fungal rhinosinusitis: a five-year retrospective analysis of data from the Mycology Reference Laboratory

The microbiota refers to all the microorganisms living in and on the human body; its fungal component is known as the mycobiota. The molecular component (mycobiome) has been linked to certain pulmonary diseases. Morphological fungal examination is still common practice and makes it possible to isolate fungi on direct examination or after sample cul...

Trichophyton indotineae is an emerging dermatophyte species that plays a relevant role in human healthcare. It has been associated with severe chronic skin infections and a high level of terbinafine resistance. T. indotineae is endemic to India, Iran, and Iraq but several cases have been reported in Europe, recently. In this manuscript, the authors...

La ciencia ciudadana busca la participación activa del público en general en las fases de métodos y técnicas científicas. Es importante también incluir una integralidad social a cualquier ejercicio científico para poder lograr el objetivo, y esto no es fácil. Sin embargo, es necesario para poder generar ciencia y tener mayor impacto desde la academ...

Background: Recurrent dermatophytosis is a pressing problem worldwide due to inadequate treatment, drug resistance, and indiscriminate use of topical steroids. This scenario increases the need for the study of risk factors and antifungal susceptibility testing. There is a paucity of information on this subject. Objective: We aimed to find the cl...

The development of edible coatings incorporating bioextracts from mushrooms native to Portuguese forests aims to enhance the value of the endogenous forest and mycological resources by harnessing their potential as a source of antimicrobial and antioxidant compounds. Edible coatings represent an important pathway to decreasing food waste and contri...

Los hongos pertenecientes al Phylum Ascomycota se caracterizan por ser el grupo más diverso dentro del Reino Fungi, con un número superior a las 64,000 especies conocidas. En El Salvador no existe hasta la fecha una recopilación sistemática de las especies de ascomicetos conocidos en el territorio, además que su estudio ha sido poco desarrollado; p...

Background Onychomycosis is the most common nail pathology, involving various pathogens such as dermatophytes, moulds and yeasts. Objective The objective of this study was to observe the prevalence of onychomycosis, analyse the most appropriate diagnostic test, and assess the distribution of pathogens based on age, sex, quarter of the year, durati...

Background: Alternaria alternata is a melanic fungus capable of causing a wide variety of infections, some of which have lethal potential. It is a ubiquitous fungus and a well-known plant pathogen. Cutaneous infections with Alternaria alternata most often occur in the extremities of patients who perform conventional agriculture, thus being exposed...

1st Pan African Mycology Working Group (PAMWG) Conference, an affiliate of the International Society of Human & Animal Mycology (ISHAM), Nairobi, Kenya, 30th to 31st May 2023

paper in Czech, issued in Živa 4/2023, available online at Živa web page: https://ziva.avcr.cz/2023-4/odesel-vyznamny-cesky-a-svetovy-mykolog-zdenek-pouzar.html

Auricularia auricula-judae is a saprobic European jelly fungus with traditional culinary and medicinal significance, often said to resemble a human ear. It was originally named Tremella auricula by Linnaeus and has been moved to different genera since, but its specific epithet was also changed from auricula to auricula-judae by Bulliard in 1789, wh...

Among the toxic metabolites of the fungal world, those that, due to their strong biological effect, can seriously (even fatally) damage the life processes of humans (and certain groups of animals) stand out. Amatoxin-containing mushrooms and the poisonings caused by them stand out from the higher fungi, the mushrooms. There are already historical d...

The Indian Marine Fungal Database (IMFD) is the first on-line database of information on Marine fungi from India. The database contains 233 records from 52 families, 146 genera and 233 species, and can be accessed at www.fungifromindia.com. Every species from this industrially important group of fungi has been given a unique identity number that ca...

The widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, it is essential to explore alternative strategies to effectively combat medically significant resistant pathogens. In recent years, nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising alternative source of antimicrobial agents. While nanoscale pa...

Food security is essential because it is directly related to human health and well-being. When food is contaminated by bacteria, fungi, parasites, chemicals or foreign bodies, it can cause a range of illnesses, from mild food poisoning to serious illnesses that can lead to death. Foodborne illnesses (EDDs) arising from the consumption of such conta...

Mycological studies focusing on fungal species thriving on honey related products have a series of critical applications ranging from the expansion of basic scientific knowledge, the exploration of their industrial utilization, understanding their contributions to food spoilage and even environmental pathogen monitoring. During the last two decades...

Fungal pathogens are increasingly appreciated as a significant infectious disease challenge. Compared to bacteria, fungal cells are more closely related to human cells, and few classes of antifungal drugs are available. Combination therapy offers a potential solution to reduce the likelihood of resistance acquisition and extend the lifespan of exis...

Introduction The clinical incidence of antimicrobial-resistant fungal infections has dramatically increased in recent years. Certain fungal pathogens colonize various body cavities, leading to life-threatening bloodstream infections. However, the identification and characterization of fungal isolates in laboratories remain a significant diagnostic...

Background: The predisposing factors and clinical presentations of fungal foot infections caused by non-dermatophytes and dermatophytes are challenging to differentiate. Definite diagnoses of non-dermatophyte infections at first visits facilitate their treatment. Objectives: This study aimed to develop diagnostic criteria to differentiate fungal...

The aim of the study was to check the integument and alimentary tract of Theromyzon for the occurrence of fungi. Moreover, the mycological purity of water sources from which leeches were collected was analyzed. The potential role of the duck leech Theromyzon maculosum in transmitting pathogenic fungi has not been studied until now. Mycological anal...

The book describes the diverse organisms and agents that cause disease - plant pathogens. There are five chapters describing true fungi, other eukaryotic fungal-like organisms, bacteria, viruses and nematodes, respectively. In the book we address the mechanisms of pathogenicity and defence, or immunity as the latter is known as at the cellular leve...

Resumo A Micologia necessita de profissionais capacitados para trabalhar com fungos, conforme a crescente demanda em diversos setores. Uma das formas de capacitar profissionais para a área é a formação inicial em Biologia. Todavia, existe uma sub-representatividade acadêmica para com a Micologia, comprometendo assim, a disponibilização de profissio...

Background: Pityriasis versicolor (PV) or tinea versicolor is a superficial fungal infection characterized by macules on the skin. It is generally caused by the fungus Malassezia. PV is found throughout the world, especially in tropical countries. Generally, this infection is influenced by humidity, hyperhidrosis, and population density around the...

Introduction: Nail diseases are often diagnosed late with a potential prognostic and functional impact. This could be partly due to knowledge gaps among primary care physicians (PCPs). Objectives: To evaluate the knowledge about diagnosis and management of ten common/important nail conditions in a population of French PCPs and its improvement af...

Chronic infectious, granulomatous and suppurative dermatosis, classified among the subcutaneous mycoses, caused by species of pigmented dematiaceous fungi, more prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions and caused by the traumatic implantation of dematiaceous fungal species, where the presence of muriform bodies are an expression of the causal...

Zea mays var. amylacea and Zea mays var. indurata are maize ecotypes from Paraguay. Aspergillus section Flavi is the main spoilage fungus of maize under storage conditions. Due to its large intraspecific genetic variability, the accurate identification of this fungal taxonomic group is difficult. In the present study, potential mycotoxigenic strain...

This study was carried out in the El Manantial Nature Reserve, which is located 4 km from the urban area of the municipality of Florencia (Caquetá). The development of this research was carried out in order to report the diversity of Basidiomycota macrofungi in litter and soil, and their potential edible use. An opportunistic sampling was carried o...

Background: Both vaginal colonization and infection by yeast (a type of fungus) are most likely to occur in Pregnant women. Considering this fact and owing to the lack of data on this subject in North Cameroon, the main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in pregnant women at the Garoua Regio...

The diagnosis of histoplasmosis is based on clinical, imaging, and laboratory evidence of the disease. The gold standards of laboratory diagnosis are the presence of the fungus in the pathological examination of tissues and its isolation (direct microscopy, histopathology, cytopathology) in mycological culture (4–6 weeks required) by clinical speci...

Este artículo aborda la relación entre arte, ciencia y tecnología a través de una escritura híbrida entre los tres campos, y contextualiza el proyecto Myco Resilience Fiction como caso de estudio. Este trabajo, desarrollado en colaboración entre los investigadores del laboratorio de micología de la Universidad Católica de Lovaina y artistas docente...

Some fungi species thanks to their antioxidant activities have been found able to protect the liver against toxic substances. There is a lack of data on the antioxidant and the hepatoprotective potential of tropical Africa mushrooms. This study was to assess the antioxidant and protective effects of 22 wild mushrooms from the Noun Division in Camer...

Introduction: Pityriasis versicolor is one of the superficial fungal infections of the skin in which a pathogen is restricted to the stratum corneum. The causative organism of Pityriasis versicolor is the lipophilic yeast, of the genus Malassezia. Malassezia yeast gains more importance in recent times as it is associated with varied clinical spectr...

We have never been as dependent on technology as we are now, a period in which we spent at least two pandemic years fully immersed in the technological reality, which was the solution to keeping in touch with each other. As a result, we understand how people communicate has undergone profound changes in recent years, becoming increasingly technolog...

Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis of Fusarium onychomycosis, a fungal infection affecting the nails caused by various species of the genus Fusarium. The review aims to explore the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and future perspectives of Fusarium onych...

Background A clear cutoff value of galactomannan (GM) has not been established for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) and is frequently extrapolated from invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) GM, and to propose a cutoff...

Trichophyton indotineae causes resistant dermatophytosis to terbinafine. The global spread of terbinafine-resistant Trichophyton indotineae strains with mutations in the squalene epoxidase gene is a major issue. This emerging species is now more frequently isolated in Europe and we report here two cases of T. indotineae tinea corporis in Switzerlan...

Ergosterol, the major sterol in fungal membranes, is critical for defining membrane fluidity and regulating cellular processes. Although ergosterol synthesis has been well defined in model yeast, little is known about sterol organization in the context of fungal pathogenesis. We identified a retrograde sterol transporter, Ysp2, in the opportunistic...

Clerical persons conducted a variety of botanical research in Poland and Polish lands. The purpose of this article is to describe their achievements in this fi eld of science. No comprehensive study of the clergy's contribution to the development of this branch of science has been made so far. The study is based on the biographies of botanists and...

Fungi play a considerable role for the deterioration of cultural heritage. Due to their enormous activity. Fungal ability in production of organic acid has a crucial role in discoloration and degradation of different types of stone in culture heritages. Additionally, stone objects may support novel communities of microorganisms that are active in t...

Objective: To compare the diagnostic performance of direct microscopic techniques and culture media for detecting fungal isolates in hair specimens.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Microbiology, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2021 to June...

Sea buckthorn is becoming an increasingly popular medicinal plant. This plant material contains many nutrients and bioactive substances used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Compounds found in the organs of this plant have antiviral, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, but, despite these features, sea buckthorn is affecte...

The Northern Himalayas are an exceptionally unique and diverse mountain range with respect to flora, fauna and funga. However, most of the region has been poorly explored. During a mycological survey, a rare endophyte was isolated from healthy leaves of Elaeagnus angustifolia. The species was identified as Nigrograna hydei based on cultural, micro-...

La mycologie est aux champignons, ce que la botanique est aux plantes. En effet, la mycologie signifie « la science traitant des champignons », science dont le mycologue est le spécialiste.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis found mainly in South America and is the most prevalent endemic and systemic mycosis in Brazil. The purpose of this paper was to report the case of a male patient who developed peritonitis caused by Paracoccidioides spp. Forty-eight-year-old, male patient, with type I Diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney...

We retrospectively reviewed consecutive cases of mucormycosis reported from a tertiary-care center in India to determine the clinical and mycologic characteristics of emerging Rhizopus homothallicus fungus. The objectives were ascertaining the proportion of R. homothallicus infection and the 30-day mortality rate in rhino-orbital mucormycosis attri...

A total of 150 samples were collected from seven layers poultry farms IN Wasit Province of Iraq. Fifty (50) from layers poultry and hundred (100) from farm premises including poultry feed, surfaces associated with feed container and water drinkers indicating isolation of 60 (40%) mold and yeast based on morphological characteristics and diagnosed t...

During routine mycological survey in Satara district of Maharashtra, India. A powdery mildew infection was observed on Cucurbita maxima Duchesne. Microscopic examinations revealed the identity of powdery mildew as Fibroidium sp. During mycological examinations powdery mildew infection was found to be mixed with brownish intercellular pycnidia. Thes...

The use of local inedible raw materials in the formulation of mycological laboratory medium which is cost effective was carried out using brewer’s spent grain (BSG) samples gotten from Intafact Breweries Onitsha, Anambra state. The BSG was mixed with 5g of cow blood, 20g of Ede mmuo (Caladium bicolor), 5g of Fiofio, and 20g of agar agar as a gellin...

The expediency of using unique SSR DNA-markers of Schizophyllum commune for population genetic assays in various fungal species has been demonstrated. In Auricularia auricula-judae and Irpex lacteus, we observed formation of heterogeneous amplicons mostly up to 500 bp in length that ensured their high resolution and facilitated data analysis. The e...

Onychomycosis is a common nail infection. Terbinafine-resistant dermatophyte infections pose an emerging global public health concern, but few cases have been described in the United States. We retrospectively reviewed and characterized clinical, histopathological, and mycological features of patients with mycologically confirmed onychomycosis who...

Background: Nakaseomyces glabrata, formerly Candida glabrata, is an opportunistic yeast and an emerging cause of human infections. The use of broth microdilution (BMD) methodologies for caspofungin (CSP) antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) against N. glabrata is reported to be prone to high inter-laboratory variation. We aimed to compare CSP m...