Municipality - Science topic

Es un tema relevante que procura desarrollar una interacción dialógica con la población a través de la participación activa y vinculante con el desarrollo. En algunos gobiernos locales de Perú en el ámbito rural se aplican estrategias participativas desde el enfoque intercultural, es decir desde la idiosincrasia. Es decir, bajo esos patrones de cooperación ancestral con adecuaciones contextuales, los gobiernos locales proporcionan materiales y apoyo técnico, mientras que la población se encarga de ejecutar las actividades manuales que exigen las obras solicitadas. En otra modalidad, se contrata a los mismos pobladores para la ejecución de las obras en su propia localidad. En ambos casos, estas dinámicas promueven la confianza y el sentido de pertenencia.

Thank you Steftcho P. Dokov . Much appreciated.

The paper is your certificate. It's worth more than a piece of paper saying you published it!

@Jihan Marsya Azahra

Kindly follow me. This will enable me reach you out.

Please note that you wrote to the ResearchGate community, not to the RG team. However, you will find the answer in https://help.researchgate.net/hc/en-us/articles/14293044585745-ResearchGate-DOIs: RG assigns DOIs only to unpublished research. You will find another possibility to get a DOI in this discussion: https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_to_generate_an_DOI_for_publications/1

Hello, it seems like a multifactorial situation to me, first, the complexity for the compilation. Here it is noted that the lack of use of technological tools limits this action. Second, many of these municipalities are those that have the greatest economic limitations and institutional capacity, highly lagging behind. Third, it could be the periodicity, since this type of census is carried out every 10 years, and even though the RAN has made efforts to improve the information, it has not been enough. Greetings

This company was not found in the app often used to search for business information in China, it would be best to provide the name of the company in Chinese in order to correspond. I would say that the so-called government authorisation is not so much a big unique resource or right, but more of a way to gain access, a very low threshold. Anyway this company is not well known. At least I've never heard of.

Various organisations in China welcome the cooperation of internationally renowned professors and intellectual property, depending on where you want to shake hands and what resources you need from the other side. It is recommended to prioritise working with state-owned institutions, there are too many scammers in private companies. If you need further verification, you can reach me

Success in enhancing employee performance in organizational decision-making at municipalities involves clear communication of goals, continuous training, and robust performance metrics. Engaging and motivating employees, fostering collaboration, and leveraging modern technology are crucial. Strong leadership and support are essential to create a culture of accountability and excellence, ensuring that employees are well-equipped and motivated to contribute effectively to municipal decision-making.

Dear Researcher Dr MB ( of AMU )

Having been implementing Dewats type wwt plants from 5kl to 40-50kl per day capacity.

As usual it has 2 stage anaerobic septic tanks with varied filters 150mm to 15mm stone filters

Done in upfront mode, 1st and 2nd tanks have Lids made 300mm below gl.

Atop the tanks, rcc covers are done with grass growm on 1,5m by1,5m panels. Where Manholes are placed, would have easy dismantle covers Etc

3rd stage could have phto R done on float beds with duckweed or elephant grass sp.

This is cultivated and cropping done for fodder- feed Etc

On last stage could have extended aeration by way of fountains and spray if waters Etc.

With Best wishes

Ajit Seshadri

Sr Faculty HOD School of Maritime Studies Vels University Chennai India.

Ввиду того, что время пребывания в аэротэнке около суток, а время удвоения биомассы автотрофов, например хлореллы четверо сутоко, автотрофов мало.

Meena Pokhrel Could also get extracted via factor analyse

So thanks

A vote of confidence every year? I think it is probably a good institution, but its side effect may be short-term behavior of municipal government. In other words, local government probably pursues short-term interests rather than long-term interests of the municipality.

Sure, you can conduct using Area Sampling or Cluster Sampling:

Steps

1. Define the study Area - this is geographical boundaries of your study area.

2. Divide the Area into Clusters e.g city blocks, streets, neighborhoods, based on the size and nature of your study area.

Effect of polypropylene fiber and nano-zeolite on stabilized soft soil under wet-dry cycles

Author links open overlay panel

, ,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2021.06.001Get rights and content

Abstract

Nano-zeolite was used in the present study as a substitute for a part of lime and then inclusion polypropylene fiber in stabilized soil matrix to develop the soil stabilization method with lime and to improve the efficiency of this technique. In so doing, specimens of soft soil with 5, 10 and 15% of modifier L (lime), LZ (lime-nano-zeolite) and LZF (lime-nano-zeolite-fiber) were prepared, and were subjected to 1–7 wet-dry cycles. Then, microstructure and macrostructure tests were performed on the specimens. The results of the analyses, indicated that the optimal replacement of lime with nano-zeolite would be 40%, and the optimal amount of polypropylene fibers inclusion would be 1% in the stabilized soil matrix. Major reduction in lime consumption would yield a 40% increase in compressive strength and a 21% improvement in durability. The results also showed that the specimen containing 15%LZF would have excellent durability against environmental conditions and very good performance in terms of unconfined compressive strength (UCS), tensile strength and weight loss. Before and after applying 7 wet-dry cycles, the UCS increased by 39% and 16%, respectively. The results of this study indicate that LZF modifier is a suitable option for lime-based stabilization in areas under wet-dry cycles.

Introduction

The presence of soft soil in the sub-grade causes damage or destruction due to high deformation, low strength, and sensitivity to the presence of water (Sun et al., 2020a; Wu et al., 2020; Ayeldeen and Kitazume, 2017). With a rise in the development of the transportation industry, sub-grade identification, proper design and implementation are especially important when it comes to road construction, as roads pass through different sub-grades and environmental conditions. Various solutions such as chemical stabilization, as one of the most appropriate and widely used approaches, have been proposed to improve such projects with soft soil sub-grade. Chemical stabilization with lime has been used to improve the structure of sub-bases, sub-grades, railways, highways and engineering properties in a desirable way (Kafodya and Okonta, 2018). The addition of lime to clay in the presence of water after cation exchange (replacement of ions with a higher capacity of the modifier with the cations of soil with a lower capacity) can sharply increase the pH (about 12.4), which dissolves the clay surfaces (release of SiO2 and Al2O3 in the medium). Then, as equations (1), (2), (3) show, the presence of free calcium ions (Ca2+) in the system causes the formation of cementitious compounds such as hydrated calcium silicate (CSH) gel and calcium aluminate hydrate (CAH) gel with pozzolanic reactions. This plays a significant role in improving soil geomechanical behavior (Akbari et al., 2020).Ca(OH)2 → Ca2+ + 2(OH)- (Ionization of calcium hydroxide; pH > 12.4)Ca2+ + 2(OH)- + SiO2 → 3CaO.2SiO2.3H2O (Production of CSH gel)Ca2+ + 2(OH)- + Al2O3 → 3CaO.Al2O3.3H2O (Production of CAH gel)However, chemical stabilization with lime has some disadvantages including brittle behavior, high cost, CO2 emissions and low durability (e.g. weakness against repeated wet-dry cycles) (Kafodya and Okonta, 2018; Alrubaye et al., 2016). In fact, durability is the capability of materials to withstand and maintain sufficient strength against weather conditions such as wet-dry cycles in the long run. During the wet and dry cycles, the strength of stabilized soil may decrease or it may fail due to the spread of fine cracks in the stabilized soil. (Hoai and Mukunoki, 2020; Consoli et al., 2017; Aldaood et al., 2014). Replacing a part of the lime with pozzolanic materials can improve volume instability in post-stabilization periods and increase durability (Abdullah et al., 2019; Goodarzi et al., 2015, 2016).Advances in technology introduced nanoparticles into various fields including stabilization. A nanoparticle ranges from 1 to 100 nm in size and has a large specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and high reactivity (Kalhor et al., 2019; Behnood, 2018). Some researchers (Akbari et al., 2020; Choobbasti et al., 2019; Anggraini et al., 2016; Correia and Rasteiro, 2016; Majdi et al., 2016; Taha and Taha 2012) used a combination of nanoparticles (e.g. nano-zeolite, nano-Silica, nano-TiO2, nano-Al2O3, nano-CaCO3, nano-Clay) and cement (or lime) in soil stabilization, with effect of significantly improving the soil engineering properties (e.g. compressive and shear strength, density, etc.). However, among nanoparticles used for this purpose, zeolite has not been studied much despite the fact that it is produced in huge amounts around the globe (the US Geological Survey and Mineral Commodity Summaries, 2020, indicated that mines produced over 1,200,000 tons in 2019), Studies have shown that the lime-zeolite combination or nano-zeolite reduces porosity, increases strength and durability, and improves short-term and long-term reactions in the stabilized soil (since compared with zeolite, nano-zeolite has a higher CEC and SSA which can increase its contact surface with lime and thus may increase the pozzolanic activity) (Akbari et al., 2020; Goodarzian et al., 2020; Reddy et al., 2019; Mariri et al., 2019; MolaAbasi et al., 2019; Liguori et al., 2015).Akbari et al. (2020) evaluated the stabilized soil with a combination of lime and nano-zeolite at curing temperatures of 20 and 40 °C. The results of replacing 40% of lime with nano-zeolite indicated that the optimal percentage, would accelerate and increase the formation of cement gels. Also, increasing the curing temperature to 40 °C would significantly increase the absorbed energy. In another study, MolaAbasi et al. (2019) predicted the compressive and tensile strength of stabilized specimens with a combination of cement and zeolite based on the porosity and composition of the components. For this purpose, different amounts of cement were added to the sand and replaced with 0, 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90% of zeolite. The experimental results showed significant improvements in the strength with the 10–50% replacement of zeolite, but an optimal improvement was observed with the 30% replacement of zeolite. Liguori et al. (2015) investigated the effect of replacing zeolite and tuff with a portion of lime in the presence of fiber. After various experiments, they found that using zeolite would improve performance more than tuff because the addition of zeolite to lime could decrease the porosity after hardening and increase the production of CSH and CAH gels. The best performance was obtained by replacing 20% of lime with zeolite.The distribution of particle size, SSA, CEC, and the amount of SiO2 and Al2O3 are among the most important factors in the pozzolanic activity of a zeolite. In order to determine the optimal amount of nano-zeolite, and to evaluate the efficiency of this approach, the composition of nano-zeolite mixed with lime was used as a stabilizer in the present study. The stabilized soil with lime indicated brittle behavior and is subjected to tensile stresses for various reasons including traffic movement on pavement, soil shrinkage, temperature changes, as well as wetting and drying if placed in the pavement sub-grade (Reddy et al., 2019; Shekhawat et al., 2018; Liguori et al., 2015; Solanki and Zaman, 2014). These stresses can severely damage the stabilized soil, while stabilization with lime in areas under more repeated wet-dry cycles is not very efficient due to the leaching of the stabilizing material and volumetric changes in soil due to swelling and shrinkage (Shekhawat et al., 2018; Behnood, 2018; Solanki and Zaman, 2014). The addition of fibers is considered to be an appropriate solution for the created tensile stress, providing greater durability of the stabilized soils. The use of fibers significantly improves the geotechnical parameters by increasing tensile and shear strength, increasing ductility, and reducing mass loss and cracks (Hojjati and Sarkar, 2020; Sun et al., 2020b; Consoli et al., 2017; Behnood, 2018; Kafodya and Okonta, 2018).The use of polypropylene fibers for soil reinforcement has been confirmed by many researchers (Roshan et al., 2020; Boz and Sezer, 2018; Festugato et al., 2018; Wei et al., 2018; Kumar and Gupta, 2016; Anggraini et al., 2015; Chen et al., 2015; Correia et al., 2015; Hejazi et al., 2012; Tang et al., 2012) due to its efficiency, low-cost, availability, and resistance to environmental conditions. Therefore, polypropylene fibers were added to the stabilizer (lime-nano-zeolite) in the study to increase the durability of the stabilized soil and its usability in pavement and other transportation projects. The final modified soil was evaluated after applying a wet-dry cycle, which is one of the most destructive factors in the damages brought to highways and sidewalks (Kumar and Gupta, 2016; Aldaood et al., 2014; Solanki and Zaman, 2014). The present study further investigated the effects of wet-dry cycles on the durability, compressive strength and tensile strength of soft soils stabilized with lime-nano-zeolite after being reinforced with polypropylene fibers.

Section snippets

Materials Kaolinite has commonly been used as a soft soil in previous studies (Saygili and Dayan, 2019; Ayeldeen and Kitazume, 2017; Alrubaye et al., 2016); therefore, the present study also used kaolinite (Zenoz kaolinite of Tabriz in northwestern Iran), the engineering specifications of which were determined according to ASTM methods (Goodarzi et al., 2016; ASTM, 2006) and geo-environment parameters based on EPA manual (EPA, 1983). The XRD pattern of natural soil showed that it was mainly composed of

Thank you so much

Level is determined by the source of funding for various projects

Halo, buena semana,

In order to meet the challenges of significant changes in their economic base brought on by the removal of trade barriers and the globalization of the economy, municipal authorities must deal with a wide variety of issues related to financing urban development. These challenges are tackled throughout this paper. Furthermore, at a time when migrants make up a growing portion of the population in most countries, the devolution of administrative and financial responsibilities from central governments has forced municipal authorities to finance a growing percentage of their recurring and capital expenditures. To meet the needs for government services, increase economic competitiveness, diversify and increase the local profits base, and finance capital investments, municipalities had to do every one of them.

Have you tried platforms like inaturalist or GBIF?

Here you can start with inaturalist: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations?nelat=38.7587755643553&nelng=23.37811116691061&place_id=any&project_id=biodiversity-of-greece&subview=map&swlat=38.49932471438629&swlng=22.85658024535299&verifiable=any?, and if you want help to download the data to CSV don't hesitate to ask.

And GBIF: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/gallery?has_coordinate=true&has_geospatial_issue=false&geometry=POLYGON((22.91115%2038.54667,23.26881%2038.54667,23.26881%2038.6864,22.91115%2038.6864,22.91115%2038.54667)), just here fix the location.

It is possible to have high TKN and low ammonia-N in a municipal wastewater treatment plant solids stream. This may occur due to the presence of organic nitrogen compounds in the influent, such as proteins and amino acids, which are hydrolyzed and converted to TKN during the treatment process. However, the ammonia-N fraction may be low due to nitrification and denitrification processes that occur in the treatment process, which convert ammonia-N to nitrate and nitrogen gas, respectively.

One possible explanation for this phenomenon is that the SBRS (sequencing batch reactor system) in the treatment process is effectively removing the ammonia-N through nitrification and denitrification processes, while the organic nitrogen compounds remain in the solids stream as TKN. This can occur if the SBRS is designed and operated for efficient nitrification and denitrification, which would result in low levels of ammonia-N in the effluent.

Another possibility is that the digesters in the treatment process are converting a significant portion of the organic nitrogen compounds to TKN, while the ammonia-N is being removed through nitrification and denitrification processes. The specific microorganisms present in the digester, as well as the operating conditions (e.g., temperature, pH, retention time), can influence the extent and rate of conversion of organic nitrogen to TKN.

It is important to note that the presence of high TKN in the solids stream may have implications for the disposal and reuse of the biosolids, as TKN can contribute to nitrogen loading in receiving waters or soil if not properly managed.

I am sorry I do not have a specific reference paper to point you to, but you may be able to find more information by searching for studies or reports on the treatment of municipal wastewater with high TKN and low ammonia-N.

To get impact of economic growth of waste management, need society participation and society awarness. In indonesia, we have a program that we called "waste bank". In the waste bank, waste from households should be separated and collected such as : paper, plastic and other waste can be recycle.

The waste that collected from waste bank can be sold to waste collector and the revenue from that transaction can gived to the society.

In my view a local government or authority are elected, appointed or established for various purposes and hold various responsibilities. The term anti-social to describe an action of relaxing or removing restrictions on air quality doesn’t sit well with me to describe this. Someone smoking a cigarette amongst a group of non-smokers may be considered anti-social but the owner of a licensed establishment who has decided to remove no smoking condition for the patrons is not exactly being anti-social.

The question should really be whether the government is being negligent in its decision to lift restrictions, which were likely established to create a healthier environment.

When considering the focus of this issue relates to an energy crisis perhaps attention should be shifted towards finding alternative solutions than to simply consider reverting to options which possess obvious risks.

The Clean Cities Campaign is a European partnership of civil society organisations that aims to encourage cities to move to zero emission transport by 2030. The campaign promotes green transport solutions for more liveable and sustainable cities. To achieve these goals, it is essential to phase out high emission vehicles from cities as soon as possible.

(Citation from: https://www.levego.hu/en/campaigns/clean-cities-campaign/

Imo, such campaigns are an important tool to reach the goal of your query, dear Dariusz Prokopowicz

Miejskie/Gminne przedsiębiorstwa Wodociągów i Kanalizacji.

:-D

En Ecuador los servicios que prestan van relacionado a sus competencias como Gobiernos Autónomos DEscentrallizados. Los rige el COOTAD. Entre los servicios que cada uno ofrece son: aseo de calles, agua potable y alcantarillado, catastro, tránsito.

Andrea Straub thank you for answering

yes

Biofilm formation can be inhibited by a number of things in waste water such as high levels of surfactants or natural products such as tannins. Do you have a water analysis?

Also, I have noticed that some types of biocarriers have very smooth surfaces. It is only after they become roughened with use that good adhesion of biofilm can occur.

Coastal dunes are prominent features along the Lake or Sea shorelines. Numerous studies in recent years have reconstructed the geomorphic history of such dune systems. These studies have suggested linkages between past dune behaviour and climatic variability. You may check on how these dune systems change on shorter-temporal scales in the modern era and the potential drivers of that change. Using repeat photography, you may demonstrate how the coastal dunes of Lake or Seashore have changed since the 19th/20thcentury. You may collect photographs of these dunes, taken in the previous centuries, from archives and citizen scientists. Then this spring and summer you took 100 new photographs replicating the original images. The changes between coastal dune conditions in the original photographs and in the new photographs will show a general expansion/contraction of vegetation across formerly barren and active surfaces along the entire shoreline. You may analyze how anthropogenic factor/human development is playing a role in reshaping the coastal dune systems - the difference between historical and current dune conditions where repeat photography was conducted. You will demonstrate the expansion/contraction of vegetation – grasses, shrubs, and even trees. You present 20-30 photograph pairs of most representative trends, explore these changes, and discuss the likely causes, including the increase/decrease in precipitation in the Studied area in the past 50-100 years.

I hope this will assist you.

Velibor Spalevic

Vermicomposting is very good for crushed agricultural wastes. Earthworms (Eisenia foetida) can be used for fast decomposing. Waste beds of one-meter height and one-meter width can be prepared (Length optional depending on space availability). Vermicompost is highly nutritious for plants of any type.

Its worth clarifying what you mean by "no significant correlation between the increase in the collection of a certain tax and the increase in spending on education." You can set up an appropriate significance test and this tells you whether you have detected a relationship in your data set or not. However not finding a relationship doesn't mean there isn't one. The effect may be too small to detect with your data for example. One option might be an equivalence test where you specify the smallest effect size of interest.

A second issue is that the data points aren't likely to be independent over time so you'd need to account for this in your model. A third challenge is to find the right level of aggregation. If as Marcio Lins suggested the tax rate and spend varies at a local level then aggregating the data at a higher regional or national level may cause problems. In particular its possible that spend locally might be related to tax but this effect disappears or reverses when aggregated to a regional/national level (or vice versa).

Probably, other, non-medical personnel, those who do not constitute the practice of medicine or practice of nursing. Furthermore, a clinical study involves research using human volunteers (participants) that is intended to add to medical knowledge. There are two main types of clinical studies: clinical trials (also called interventional studies) and observational studies.

Bom dia!

Você pode delimitar o limite urbano de qualquer cidade do Brasil, com uso de geoprocessamento de duas maneiras:

1 - Delimitação através da obtenção dos limites da poligonal de uma determinada área urbana (cidade ou distrito), onde alguns gestores dos municípios brasileiros estabeleceram a poligonal do limite urbano através de uma legislação municipal (não são todos os municípios brasileiros que criaram este limite em Lei). Neste caso, você precisa localizar a Lei e, através das coordenadas, você pode digitalizar no SIG (Sistema de Informações Geográficas) a poligonal do limite urbano.

2 - A segunda forma é através dos dados obtidos de arquivos digitais em formato “SHAPEFILES” (SHP). Neste formato de arquivo (funciona em diferentes SIG’s), você precisa fazer o download não apenas do arquivo com extensão “SHP”, mas também das outras extensões que acompanha o “SHAPEFILES” (Normalmente 4 com extensões diferentes), pois funciona corretamente com todos os arquivos (extensões) juntos, em um mesmo local onde o SIG fará a leitura dos dados. Estes dados digitais (SHAPEFILES) você pode fazer o download (grátis) no site do IBGE (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística).

O IBGE fez a delimitação territorial do Brasil em diferentes maneiras, seja através de uma divisão política, com os Estados brasileiros, por região de influência, por município, cidade, setor censitário, etc. Para você delimitar o limite urbano com base nos dados digitais do IBGE você precisa fazer o download do “SHAPEFILE” dos “SETORES SENSITÁRIOS”. Correspondente ao seu ESTADO + MUNCÍPIO + SETOR SENSITÁRIO.

Cada um dos “SETORES SENSITÁRIOS” são definidos pelos IBGE com uma numeração (enorme), cujo código (números) corresponde ao ESTADO + MUNCÍPIO + SETOR SENSITÁRIO. Nesse caso você precisa identificar qual o número que corresponde ao código do município de interesse, onde tem a cidade que você precisa delimitar a poligonal do limite urbano e fazer o download dos arquivos “SHAPEFILE” para depois trabalhar no SIG.

No SIG, com os dados digitais (SHAPEFILE) do município de interesse, inseridos no sistema, você precisa selecionar todos os polígonos (ou na tabela) dos “SETORES SENSITÁRIOS” que correspondente ao número que contém um dos “DIGITOS”, que corresponde apenas aos polígonos da área urbana, da cidade sede (a área rural o digito é diferente). Logo em seguida, salvar dentro do SIG, um novo layer (tema), com um novo “SHAPEFILE”. Depois, neste novo “SHAPEFILE” você faz a operação no SIG de “DISSSOLVE” (este nome ou operação depende do SIG que você está trabalhando) os polígonos internos, deixando apenas a poligonal da ÁREA URBANA.

Segue uns links que vai ti ajudar:

Artigo: ANÁLISE SOBRE AS DEFINIÇÕES TERRITORIAIS DE CIDADE, MUNICÍPIO E METRÓPOLE NA DIVERSIDADE DO TERRITÓRIO BRASILEIRO: http://periodicos2.uesb.br/index.php/geo

Setores Censitários (2020):(https://www.ibge.gov.br/geociencias/organizacao-do-territorio/estrutura-territorial/26565-malhas-de-setores-censitarios-divisoes-intramunicipais.html?=&t=downloads).

Como UNIR feições tipo polígonos: https://youtu.be/PezVEZnNBlU

Espero ter ajudado.

As part of our academic work, we have provided articles on values ​​that you can read if needed.

SHIMADZU TOC system for Pharmaceutical production.

Whereas, Composting is the simplest and easiest way to treat domestic waste.

The article linked in below may help you.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666016421000712

During the course of drying, activated sludge passes through a highly cohesive, plastic-rubbery phase. This transition occurs at some intermediate moisture content range, which is referred to as the sticky phase of sludge

Please kindly read the attached article as we are using the Agricultural and Food waste .Bio-technologies in food production obligated effectively through application in the reclamation of wasteland by the deployment of microorganisms and plants to degrade toxic compounds; genetic modification in food, non-food crops; weed and pest control methods; minimized the consumption of energy and water in production processes to result in improved value-added activities and thus enhanced productivity.

Since you intend to go to the field, it mean you intend to use a survey questionnaire to elicit information from respondents. Such information should be collected and analysed subject to the hypothesis you stated earlier and what ever technique you adopt will lead to a findings and subsequent recommendations

Good day sir.

See link :

One of my advisors once wrote:

I hope this may help in identifying key sampling sites.

For peruvian public accounting plan you can see this: https://www.mef.gob.pe/contenidos/archivos-descarga/RD003_2019EF_Texto_Ordenado_PCG.pdf

The simplest advice I would offer is not to do field research where there is no data, especially research that needs tangible and not societal samples.

It is better to either change the period and duration of the search or the field of research

The presence of incomplete information will cause a defect in the research paper

I think the data may not be available for the entire world. However, its easy to get the data for some selected individual countries. As far as India is concerned, there are total of 224 Nos. of STPs based on CAS and only 7 Nos of STP are based on MBR technology. For India, the data on municipal STPs is available at "Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), Government of India. 2015. Control of urban pollution Series (CUPS): Inventorization of Sewage Treatment Plants. https://nrcd.nic.in/writereaddata/FileUpload/NewItem_210_Inventorization_of_Sewage-Treatment_Plant.pdf"

I think pyrolysis is a suitable method to handle this kind of waste. It has several advantages over other thermochemical conversion processes. It requires small size equipment volume, investment scale cost is meager, and takes less space than other thermochemical conversion processes.

Interesting

Compost from MSW can be used in the agricultural land as a fertilizer supplement. These papers may be beneficial for you.

You may find lot of information in

1. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/205694862.pdf

2.

3.

4. https://www.academia.edu/40208012/The_Tree_That_Centers_The_World_The_Palm_Tree_as_Yoruba_Axis_Mundi

You can use the Malmquist TFP index which can be constructed from the effiency scores of each year.

If you know how to get by R the efficiency scors (by using for example the Benchmarking package) then you use the definiton of the Malmquist index and you will be able to say by how much the productivity has increased among years. And you can get the technichal and efficiency changes.

Way too soon as yet

Thank you again guys for your assistance. I will come back to you if I get any problem.

You have to determine the composition of the water used for reverse osmosis. It is the must for reverse osmosis design. You must also know what should be the final target composition of water treated by reverse osmosis. Knowing all this information where is the problem to calculate the composition RO reject water?

Good l.uck!!

Vit

http://www.sulabhenvis.nic.in/Database/STST_wastewater_2090.aspx this link can help.

There are many advantages and disadvantages of open dump site / landfill. I believe when we talk of open dump is different from a landfill in a technical term. Open dump is not a managed waste dump site which have absence of a waste management system. A landfill here in the Philippines is classified as a Managed Solid Waste Management System. The advantage of an open dump site would likely before here is that scavengers are taking the locally known as "Kwarta sa Basura" or "Money in the Waste" they take care of the segregation of wastes which can be Recycled and Reuse. Biodegradable waste are segregated for composting which can also a source of income for scavengers. Although this practice now is no longer allowed as the scavengers were trained by Privately owned Landfill as laborers.

Dear Andrey Coatrini-Soares ,

Thank you for the links you sent. I have checked them beforehand and unfortunately the data there is on meteostations level. For me it is not perfect, but maybe somehow I can transfer it to the municipal level.

Best wishes,

Alex

follow

Journal of Bangladesh Institute of Planners ISSN 2075-9363 Vol. 2, December 2009, pp. 136-144,  Bangladesh Institute of Planners Strengthening Financial Capability of a Municipality: A Case Study of Dhaka City Corporation Rokshana Binta Samad

May be helpful

At first, we should accept that "plastic" Is not bad! Why ❓ because, Technologies are developed to make our day to day lifestyle better, but the unethical and irresponsible use of any technology turns it against us. Can you think about "Laptop with Biodegradable Plastic! " Anyway.. The e-wastes are also the major concern. I just want to tell that Any technology should be used with some consciousness!

BTW, to reduce the plastic wastes - Public Awareness along with Government regulation is the only way.

If you are interested in how people deal with disasters and crises our paper may give you some idea from an existential analytical aspect:

Yes it's possible. For such a small amount of water; chlorine is better.

Be very careful with fake conferences and journals.

Doesn’t SARS-CoV-2 need P4?

Robert,

That is good news that people are more comfortable with SMRs. They should be, at least they should be with high temperature 'dry' moderated ones. Thee is a fundamental problem with the physics of wet moderated ones, except in submarines immersed in an infinite heat sink! Unfortunately a decision in USA took the market in the wet direction and only now is the dry route recognised as so much safer and inherently safe at a small scale. Fortunatelyt, UK and Canada knew this and in Uk we only have one wet reactor (Westinghouse Sizewell B) but we have one wet reactor under construction (Hinkley C = EPR) but it is unlikely ever to run.

The cost challenge is not as bleak as you mention. The main reason is that SMRs produce both electricity and low temperature heat in quantities that are saleable. A large reactor cannot do this and it adds 50%+ to the rate of economic return. Furthermore, the electricity is genertaed at the point of use so that the 20% transmission cost is avoided from the delivered price of electricity. Finally, the inherent safety means that most of the ACTIVE safety systems are absent so need neither capital nor maintenance costs.

I am optimistic but also realistic and anticipate that the first commercial ones will run in earnest by about 2029 with a huge upsurge in advanced economies by 2035 with developing world from 2035 where the demand growth really occurs.

Regards,

James

Alva Nilsen - You can aggregate the datasets into one before testing your hypotheses. Here's an example.

Article Relating Patient Satisfaction to Nurses’ Job Satisfaction, J...

My Research Group is working on the potential of waste to energy projects in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

There isn't any large waste to energy plant at commercial scale in Saudi Arabia as yet.

We have published many detailed/ interesting articles on the potential/feasibility of waste to energy, including a small pilot-scale pyrolysis plant experiments using plastic waste, biomass waste etc. We have also published on emerging concepts of waste-based biorefineries and circular economies.

All our articles can be downloaded in pdfs from my academia site with one click downloads

https://mohammadrehan.academia.edu/research#papers

All the best.

Any contaminated resource which is present in the ecosystem.

Dear Patil you might find more answers from this excellent presentation given by the inventor of the Process Prof. Halvard Oedegaard

Hi Anna. I don't have any experience with this myself, but believe that you will find resources by searching on terms like <fuzzy matching to link datasets>. Perhaps others with direct experience will read this and offer assistance. If you indicate what software you have access to, they may be able to give more detailed help.

Cheers,

Bruce

Local government has the power to makes laws for the whole or an part of the rules with respect to any of the matters in their territory. They also introduce laws in relation to the local government with "specific laws" in administration of an organization. Moreover, this authority have autonomy power of ensuring uniformity of law and policy in the local government.

Public International law links with guidelines and rules which is accepted accross the nation.

which software can be used for dark fermentation that can permit us to know the total amount of hydrogen produce?

Thank you, Irena, for this useful information.

Would you model them as solids or as liquids?

Recent study(see the attached paper) shows that some group of investors are willing to forgo returns on green bonds as a way of supporting projects that contribute to maintaining/improving quality of the environment. In my view this may be the case in countries where the corporate sector has a reasonable understanding of today's environmental challenges. In economies where the awarness is low, green bonds may not be viewed differently.

Sound interesting Sushma Rajbanshi im interested to see the final report, good luck.

Kearl Pearson's correlation coefficient with the test of significance of the observed correlation coefficient can be one option.

So, go for computing Kearl Pearson's correlation coefficient from the data and apply t test (or equivalently F test) for testing the significance of the observed correlation coefficient.

In a greenfield MBBR design, you start with the calculation of the media requirement, and then proceed to size the tank. The volume of media required is a function of BOD and NH3 loading, the protected surface area of the media, and the surface area loading rate (SALR) for that specific media. SALR varies widely for different types of media (for example SALR for chip media is low, compared to SALR for a conventional, pinwheel type). You can fill up to 66% so if CAPEX is your main concern, you can design like that, but it's risky, because it doesn't leave much room for error or expansion. You should also consider multiple stages, rather than a single larger tank, and your % fill may be different from stage to stage.

Supporting young people in home purchase by: guaranteeing credit and / or subsidizing interest .

You can use this stool for risk assessment I used before

Filed study with interviews and survey for stockholders is the best tool for assessment

Thank you so much Rajesh, will take that into considerations.