Mood Disorders - Science topic

This book was co-authored by undergraduate students and their instructor part of an introductory psychology class at a small liberal arts university. Students wrote scholarly papers and illustrated storyboards about varied fields of psychology twice over the semester, and these assignments were collated and edited by the instructor into five book c...

Objectives This review explored the literature on the use of social media in recruiting young people, aged 13–18 years, to mental health research. It aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to recruitment and strategies to improve participation in future research. Design Scoping review. Data sources Articles published between January 2011 and...

Depression is a prevalent occurrence among Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, yet its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recent investigations have revealed that several pathophysiological changes associated with Alzheimer’s disease can lead to mood disorders. These alterations include irregularities in monoamine neurotransmitters, disruptions i...

Circadian rhythm disruptions are a hallmark feature of mood disorders. Patients experiencing acute depressive episodes report noticeable changes in their sleep–wake cycles. This research explains the association between depression and various circadian rhythm metrics, explicitly focusing on adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorders. Adolescen...

Reward-seeking behavior drives adolescents toward risky decision-making. As compared to their older and younger peers, adolescents experience higher rates of anxiety and depressive disorders, leading to impaired decision-making with negative consequences. At two time points, separated by 6–8 weeks, we measured risky and ambiguous choices concurrent...

Background Since the introduction of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-5, a limited prosocial emotion (LPE) specifier has been added to the conduct disorder (CD) diagnosis in addition to the age of onset specifier. It was suggested that this would identify a subgroup with severe antisocial and/or aggressive behavior wi...

Background: Recently, we developed Research and Diagnostic Algorithm Rules (RADAR) to assess the clinical and pathway features of mood disorders. Aims: The aims of this paper are to review a) the methodology for developing continuous RADAR scores that describe the clinical and pathway features of schizophrenia, and b) a new method to visualize the...

Background Individuals with post-acute COVID syndrome (PAC), also known as long-COVID, have new or continuing symptoms lasting more than 1 month from COVID-19 infection. Patients may present with neuropsychiatric (NP) and non-NP symptoms. Whether prior mental health disorders correlate with NP symptoms is unknown. The study aims were to describe th...

SARS-CoV2 is a virus with proven neurotropic properties. The neuropsychiatric manifestations associated with passing COVID-19 infection are result of the virus penetration into the central nervous system. Depending on the severity of the disease, a variety of psychiatric diseases can develop as a consequence in the course of the post-covid syndrome...

In the clinical practice of health professionals, it is observed that body posture can reveal the current emotional state. Emotional states can generate habitual gestures and postures that continue even after the emotion has ceased. The objective was to identify postural changes and variables found in the mood state in women. After project submissi...

TO BE NON-BINARY OR NO TO BE? EVADERE PER NON SOFFRIRE: DUE STORIE PARALLELE Angelo Maria Inverso Ivrea AUSL Valle d'Aosta. CF: nvrnlm56t28e767u email am.inverso@libero.it cellulare: 3409666613 Un'ampia revisione della letteratura sulla disforia di genere in età evolutiva (Frew e coll, 2021) ha concluso che “i bambini con disforia di genere spesso...

(1) Background: studies have shown that some patients experience mental deterioration after bariatric surgery. (2) Methods: We examined whether the use of probiotics and improved eating habits can improve the mental health of people who suffered from mood disorders after bariatric surgery. We also analyzed patients’ mental states, eating habits and...

Research conducted on individuals with depression reveals that major depressive disorders (MDDs) coincide with diminished levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, as well as modifications in the subunit composition of the primary receptors (GABAA receptors) responsible for mediating GABAergic inhibition. Fu...

Objectives To explore the prevalence and associated factors of COVID-19 anxiety in patients with late-life depression (LLD) during the adjustment of epidemic prevention policies in China. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting The data analysed in this study were collected from seven regions in China between November 2022 and January 2023. Partic...

Background: Young adults, aged between 17 and 25 years, experienced a strong impact on both their mental health and well-being due to COVID-19. Indeed, they were simultaneously faced with the normative tasks of their age and stressors associated with the long-lasting COVID-19 pandemic. This study offers further insights into the perceptions of the...

The evidence shows that the COVID-19 pandemic dramatically increased the number of urgent psychiatric consultations for children and adolescen for children and adolescentss in hospital emergency departments (EDs). However, what needs to be further investigated are the characteristics of psychiatric hospitalization in children and adolescents admitt...

Background Despite the recognized benefits of structured cancer screening, tests outside organized screening programs are common. Comprehensive reports on outside program screening in Europe are lacking, but the Flemish breast cancer (BC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs monitor data on non-organized tests prescribed by GPs and specia...

Background Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) procedures prevent cardioembolic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation who have contraindications to oral anticoagulant medications. However, these procedures carry certain risks of peri-procedural complications. One such complication is silent brain infarcts (SBI), which can lead to cognitive i...

Introduction Depression is the leading cause of worldwide disability, until now only 3% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) experiences full recovery or remission. Different studies have tried to better understand MDD pathophysiology and its resistant forms (TRD), focusing on the identification of candidate biomarkers that would be abl...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by multifactorial etiology and high heritability but can be challenging to be diagnosed, especially in cases presenting subthreshold symptoms with no cognitive or language impairment, which may not be identified until adulthood but may occur in family members of subjects with ASD. This study explores...

Introduction Since May 2019, comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) has been covered by Japan’s health insurance system for patients with solid tumours that have progressed on standard chemotherapy, rare tumours or tumours of unknown primary origin. Although CGP has the potential to identify actionable mutations that can guide the selection of genom...

This paper presents semantic food segmentation to detect individual food items in an image in the context of Food Recognition (FoodRec) project. FoodRec aims to study and develop an automatic framework to track and monitor the dietary habits of people, during their smoke quitting protocol. Studies have shown a strong correlation between dietary hab...

Background Psychiatric disorders have serious harm to individuals’ lives with high disease burden. Observational studies reported inconsistent associations between periodontitis and some psychiatric disorders, and the causal correlations between them remain unknown. Objective This study aims to explore the causal associations between periodontitis...

Background Despite the movement toward hospital-based medical centers acquiring pediatric primary care offices, many primary care pediatricians still work in small, independent practices. To expand mental healthcare access, service delivery models must consider primary care practice needs and regionally available resources. Objective This report d...

In this four part paper co-authored by undergraduate students and the instructor in an introductory psychology class at a small liberal arts university, we provide visual and written psychoeducational content about the symptoms and implications of a selection of disorders listed in the DSM-V. We first outline the characteristics of abnormality and...

Objectives This study aims to compare perceived family functioning between Chinese patients who had an acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) and family caregivers, and explore the association between family functioning and patients’ depressive symptoms. Design This is a cross-sectional study design. Setting Stroke centres of two tertiary hospitals in Nanj...

Objectives This study aimed to examine the association between anxiety disorders and/or major depression disorder (ADs/MDD) and all-cause mortality in a 50-year perspective and to examine specific risk and health factors that may influence such an association. Design Observational population study, 1968–2019. Setting The Population Study of Women...

Light exerts powerful and pervasive effects on physiology and behaviour. These effects can be indirect, through clock synchronization and phase adjustment of circadian rhythms, or direct, independent of the circadian process. Exposure to light at inappropriate times, as commonly experienced in today’s society, leads to increased prevalence of circa...

Background Leveraging a large nationwide study of Icelandic women, we aimed to narrow the evidence gap around female attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cardiometabolic comorbidities by determining the prevalence of obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases among women with ADHD and examine the association...

Background: Mood disorders, especially depression, and emotional difficulties such as anxiety are very common problems among patients with spinal cord injuries (SCIs). The lack of physical training may deteriorate their mental state, which, in turn, has a significant impact on their improvement in functioning. The aim of the present study was to ex...

Cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS), previously known as sluggish cognitive tempo, is a collection of symptoms that include excessive daydreaming, mental confusion, and slowed behavior and thinking. These symptoms are different from the inattention seen in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and other psychological conditions. Resear...

Background Mental health disorders among adolescents is on the rise globally. Patients seldom present to mental health physicians, for fear of stigmatization, and due to the dearth of mental health physicians. They are mostly picked during consultations with Family Physicians. This study seeks to identify the common mental health disorders seen by...

While vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) causes intense pruritus, associated risks of mood disorders and prescription patterns and impact of concurrent sexual dysfunction are unknown. We queried TriNetX Diamond Network between 2009 and 2022, conducting three comparisons after propensity-score matching for demographics and relevant comorbidities: (1) wom...

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic mood disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and (hypo-) mania. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a powerful translational tool for investigating the connection between the gut microbiome and BD, and there is evidence FMT can transfer affective symptoms of BD from humans to mice. In this...

Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that women are more likely to have mental disorders than men and suffer from several chronic mental problems such as drug use disorders, bipolar disorder, depression, and mood disorders in the post-modern era (González-Rodrguez et al., 2021). However, the emergence of a clinically underrepresented del...

Background Extensive research has focused on the potential benefits of education on various mental and physical health outcomes. However, whether the associations reflect a causal effect is harder to establish. Methods To examine associations between educational duration and specific aspects of well-being, anxiety and mood disorders, and cardiovasc...

Background More knowledge on the cost-effectiveness of various depression treatment programmes can promote efficient treatment allocation and improve the quality of depression care. Objective This study aims to compare the real-world cost-effectiveness of an algorithm-guided programme focused on remission to a predefined duration, patient preferen...

Depression is a debilitating mental illness with mood disorders, also known as major depression, clinical depression, or melancholia. Severe cases of depression could lead to suicide. During the COVID19 pandemic period, human movements were restricted and lifestyles were changed. These factors resulted in an increased number of depression cases in...

Transtornos de humor, como depressão e transtorno bipolar, são prevalentes e afetam a qualidade de vida. No entanto, quando combinados com condições médicas, diagnóstico e tratamento tornam-se complexos. Esta revisão explora como as comorbidades afetam o diagnóstico e tratamento, destacando implicações para médicos e estratégias eficazes. Identific...

Background As China's aging population continues to grow, the prevalence of mental illness among the seniors has been steadily increasing. The aim of this study is to reveal the changing trends and characteristics of economic burden among seniors patients with long-term hospitalization for mental illness, and to analyze the influencing factors. Me...

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have a long-lasting effect on both physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to assess the consequences of ACEs and experienced stress on depression and the role of biological disturbances in this relationship in a student population. Potential participants filled out a screening questionnaire; 60 of...

JPFS (juvenile primary fibromyalgia syndrome) is a musculoskeletal pain illness that affects children and adolescents. The intricacy of the clinical picture in JPFS has not been adequately characterized in the literature. JFMS symptoms are sometimes difficult to compare to adult fibromyalgia syndrome since many of them are "medically unexplained" a...

Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) such as the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) or Likert scales addressing various domains of health are important tools to assess disease severity in Post COVID-19 (PC) patients. By design, they are subjective in nature and prone to bias. Our findings reveal substantial differences in the perception of disea...

Introduction Mental disorders are one of the most common and disabling health conditions worldwide. There is however no consensus on the best practice of system level mental health services (MHS) provision, in order to prevent e.g. mood disorder disability pensions (DPs). We analyzed the MHS provision between Finland’s three largest hospital distri...

As a “Working Mom” situations change and responsibilities accepted as a worker and mother. For “working mom”, changes in the situation also affect the psychological conditions such as stress, anxiety, trauma, mood disorders and even depression. Therefore, a mother needs has a resilience, for dealing with changing situations. Aim of this study to de...

Introduction Existing research has established a correlation between post-traumatic mental health conditions, including anxiety and depression, and various aspects of recovery, such as pain exacerbations, reduced functional recovery, and lowered patient satisfaction. However, the influence of pre-existing mental health conditions on orthopaedic tra...

Chronic stress can promote loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity leading to passage of circulating inflammatory mediators in mood-regulating brain areas and establishment of depressive behaviors. Conversely, neurovascular adaptations favoring resilience to stress exposure remain undetermined. Here, we report that environmental enrichment damp...

Hemodialysis is given to patients with acute kidney disease and requiring dialysis therapy, where depression is a psychological reaction that is often experienced and is closely related to the patient's quality of life. This study will observe the relationship between quality of life and depression in patients with hemodialysis treatment. An observ...

Purpose The current U-BIRTH cohort (Uppsala Birth Cohort) extends our previous cohort Biology, Affect, Stress, Imaging and Cognition (BASIC), assessing the development of children up to 11 years after birth. The U-BIRTH study aims to (1) assess the impact of exposure to peripartum mental illness on the children’s development taking into account bio...

Against the global need for increased access to mental services, health organisations are looking to technological advances to improve the delivery of care and lower costs. Since November 2022, with the public launch of OpenAI’s ChatGPT, the field of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has received expanding attention. Although generative AI it...

Purpose of Review The purpose of this paper is to describe prominent features of several postpartum mood disorders — postpartum blues, postpartum depression, and postpartum psychosis and emphasize the vital and unique position pediatricians are in to detect and manage postpartum mental illness. Recent Findings For each of these three conditions, w...

Background Mental health problems are common and impairing among university students, yet only a minority of students with psychological disorders access treatment. Understanding barriers to treatment is integral to planning services, especially in resource constrained settings like South Africa (SA). Methods Data collected across 17 institutions...

Cognitive impairment is common in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), impacting their daily functioning and rehabilitation. This study assesses the extent of self-reported cognitive failures in everyday life in persons with SCI and its relationships with objective neurocognitive measures and psychosocial factors, including depressive mood, anxie...

After first recalling the origins of my interest in sleep and dreams at UVa (1969) and my MD thesis at Yale on sleep in mood disorders (1973), I will describe my service to the field of sleep disorders medicine, through various roles in the American Sleep Disorders Association, the Institute of Medicine, the National Institute of Mental Health, and...

Post-stroke depressive disorders (PSD) and post-stroke cognitive impairments (PCI) are frequent consequences of ischemic stroke (IS). The study was focused on exploring possible associations between relative volumes of cortical and limbic brain structures during the acute period of IS, and changes in biochemical indices of hypothalamic-pituitary-ad...

Objectives This study aimed to explore the mediating role of resilience and resignation coping in the relationship between consultation empathy and depression in patients with COVID-19. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, Guangdong province. Participants A total of 215 patients...

The Janus kinase-signal transducer and transcription activator pathway (JAK-STAT) serves as a cornerstone in cellular signaling, regulating physiological and pathological processes such as inflammation and stress. Dysregulation in this pathway can lead to severe immunodeficiencies and malignancies, and its role extends to neurotransduction and pro-...

Purpose Cognitive impairment secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI) is difficult to treat and usually results in severe disability. Method A 48-year-old man presented with chronic refractory headaches and persistent disabling cognitive impairment after TBI. He was first treated with occipital nerve stimulation (ONS) implanted bilaterally to rel...

Adolescent psychotic mood disorder (MDP) is a specific phenotype that characterized by more severe symptoms and prognosis compared to nonpsychotic mood disorder (MDNP). But the underlying neural mechanisms remain unknown, and graph theory analysis can help to understand possible mechanisms of psychotic symptoms from the perspective of functional ne...

Purpose This study identifies potential predictors of unemployment and describes specific work difficulties and their determinants in a subgroup of employed people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). The specific work difficulties were evaluated using a validated tool that measures the impact of respondents’ symptoms and of workplace features. Methods...

Background DSM-5 separates bipolar (BD) from depressive disorders, but some experts consider BD as part of a spectrum of mood disorders. The interpretation of numerous false positives of BD screened by the Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ) is part of this debate. Recent study results suggest that the worsening of health-related quality of life (H-...

This article presents biological meta-theory that is intended to serve as a shared key to progress in psychiatry and suicidology. It argues that diverse forms of psychopathology, widely believed to cause suicide, may instead manifest the organism’s last-ditch efforts to avoid that lethal outcome. The analysis elaborates on the pain-brain theory, wh...

Introduction Common mental disorders, including depression, anxiety and related somatic health symptoms, are leading causes of disability worldwide. Especially in low-resource settings, psychosocial interventions delivered by non-specialist providers through task-sharing modalities proved to be valid options to expand access to mental healthcare. H...

Drug development for mood disorders can greatly benefit from the development of robust, reliable, and objective biomarkers. The incorporation of smartphones and wearable devices in clinical trials provide a unique opportunity to monitor behavior in a non-invasive manner. The objective of this study is to identify the correlations between remotely m...

Background: Mood and psychotic disorders are both associated with verbal memory impairments. Verbal memory represents an important treatment target for both disorders. However, whether the neurocognitive and neurophysiological profiles of verbal memory impairments differ between specific disorders within these two diagnostic categories and healthy...

Introduction Current research points to the importance personality pathology and Major Depression e as relevant psycopathological risk factors for understanding suicidal risk in adolescence. Literature has mainly focused on the role of BPD, however current orientations in personality pathological functioning suggest that BPD may be the representati...

Background Despite the evidence supporting the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and severe mental disorders (SMD), the directionality of the associations between income or education and mental disorders is still poorly understood. Objective To investigate the potential bidirectional causal relationships between genetic liability to...

Objectives The pandemic and public health response to contain the virus had impacts on many aspects of young people’s lives including disruptions to daily routines, opportunities for social, academic, recreational engagement and early employment. Consequently, children, adolescents and young adults may have experienced mental health challenges that...

Background: Post-stroke depression is a major cause for poor functional and rehabilitation recovery. Aims and Objectives: The aims of the study were to determine risk factors causing depression in acute ischemic stroke. Materials and Methods: Prospective cohort study was conducted in acute ischemic stroke patients between January 2023 and April 202...

Background The revised Opioid Risk Tool (ORT-OUD) is a brief, self-report scale designed to provide clinicians with a simple, validated method to screen for the risk of developing an Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) in patients without a prior history of substance abuse. This study aimed to translate and validate the Arabic version of ORT-OUD in the Leban...

Background The co-occurrence of substance use disorder and mental disorder, known as dual diagnosis, has a distressingly high prevalence among individuals grappling with either of these conditions. Mood disorders, especially depression, constitute a substantial burden for People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) and a significant public health concern in Vie...

Mood disorders are common, painful, and closely tied to suicide and alcohol and substance use. They are also treatable. Mania and depression, a part of the human record for as long as it has been kept, were well-recognized and described by physicians of antiquity. Our knowledge of mood disorders has broadened and deepened in the many centuries sinc...