Science topic

Molting - Science topic

Periodic casting off FEATHERS; HAIR; or cuticle. Molting is a process of sloughing or desquamation, especially the shedding of an outer covering and the development of a new one. This phenomenon permits growth in ARTHROPODS, skin renewal in AMPHIBIANS and REPTILES, and the shedding of winter coats in BIRDS and MAMMALS.
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Leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) lead solitary lives, mainly associated with sea ice, and they are parasitized by the sucking louse Antarc-tophthirus ogmorhini, one of the few known marine insects and probably the only group adapted to survive in deep-ocean environments. A challenge for seal lice is that their eggs do not survive underwater, requi...
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The seasonal variation in blood parameters and hormonal levels in avian species enhance survival and reproductive success by synchronizing physiology with changes in environmental conditions. Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis regulates reproductive hormones, which drive gonadal development and sex steroid production. Courtship behavior, ter...
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The understanding of morphological and behavioral aspects of bird species can guide appropriate management actions for their conservation. Grebes (Podicipedidae) are peculiar in their molting strategy, since body feathers are continuously replaced during the whole year. Available information about natural history of Neotropical grebes is scattered....
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Invasive crayfish impact freshwater ecosystems by reducing macrobenthic diversity and displacing native crayfish through competition and transmission of diseases, such as the lethal crayfish plague. Therefore, effective management strategies must protect biodiversity from invasive crayfish species. One potential control method involves sterilisatio...
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La visualizzazione dei campi di moto di un fluido è uno dei numerosi metodi per studiare la Fluidodinamica ed è il più antico. Differisce dagli altri metodi perché rende note le proprietà del campo di moto, direttamente accessibili alla percezione visiva. L’attenta osservazione del campo di moto può, molte volte, rendere conto dell’’intero sviluppo...
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Ocean acidification refers to a decrease in the pH of the world’s oceans from the oceanic uptake of human-derived atmospheric CO2. Low pH is known to decrease the calcification and survival of many calcifying invertebrates. Shallow, hard bottom communities along the Western Antarctic Peninsula often have incredibly large numbers of invertebrate mes...
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Penaeus japonicus is a high-value crustacean species, but its response to oxygen nanobubble (NB-O2) remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the effects of NB-O2 exposure on juvenile P. japonicus cultured in two recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). The control group (LS) was maintained with low-saturation dissolved oxygen (DO) at 7.5 ± 0...
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L’articolo esplora l’impatto della digitalizzazione e dell’intelligenza artificiale (IA) sul sistema giudiziario e amministrativo, concentrandosi su “discrezionalità artificiale” e “giustizia digitale”. La digitalizzazione può semplificare gli adempimenti, ma una sua cattiva implementazione può complicare ulteriormente i processi. Le tecnologie IA,...
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Fifty years after pioneer studies, the fouling of the Genoa harbour was studied again with similar methodologies. Panels immersed at 1 m depth were collected and analysed every month for six months to assess biodiversity, biomass, and community dynamics. The preliminary results showed the persistence of key species like Amphibalanus amphitrite, Hyd...
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Dirofilaria immitis, also known as canine heartworm, contains an endosymbiont, Wolbachia, in all life stages. The antibiotic, doxycycline, has been incorporated into heartworm treatment protocols to eliminate Wolbachia. Previous studies indicate that subsequent infection cannot be established using viable third-stage larvae (L3) developed from doxy...
Research Proposal
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Estem començant a analitzar resultats d'aquesta interessant investigació que vam començar el curs passat i que poc a poc anem desgranant. Hem rebut 11000 respostes d'alumnes, gairebé 200 equip directius i més de 700 professors! Poc a poc anirem traient-ne suc! De moment està al forn un primer article que posa en relació l'ús del mòbil i l'aprenent...
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Article
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Chitin synthase (CHS) plays a key role in chitin synthesis. CHS1 is ubiquitous in insects, and some studies have found that the RNA interference with CHS1 can hinder three types of molting processes (larva-larva, larva-pupa and pupa-adult). In the present study, the CHS1 of Monochamus alternatus was identified and characterized by a bioinfor-matics...
Article
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Programmed phenotypic transition is prevalent throughout the tree of life, yet the concrete mechanisms that underpin this phenomenon are poorly understood. The orchid mantis (Hymenopus coronatus, Mantodea) is a model study system for programmed body colour transitions that displays a prominent black-red body colour in first-instar nymphs, then swit...
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Janice Monk, geògrafa reconeguda internacionalment, va morir el 12 de juliol de 2024 a Tucson (Arizona). Monk va ser una figura cabdal en el desenvolupament i la institucionalització de la geografia i el gènere als Estats Units i més enllà de les seves fronteres, atès que va cofundar la Comissió de Gènere i Geografia de la Unió Geogràfica Internaci...
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Aquest article té com a objectiu l’anàlisi de les traduccions de l’obra Morte accidentale di un anarchico (1970), de Dario Fo, fetes per Guillem-Jordi Graells, tant la publicada en forma de llibre (1981) com la referent a l’adaptació televisiva (1986) que correspon molt probablement a la de la posada en escena de l’any 1981. L’estudi, que pretén si...
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Tot i la importància artística i històrica de Les Fleurs du mal, de Charles Baudelaire — un dels reculls poètics més importants del XIX—, en llengua catalana no comptem amb gaires traduccions de l’obra. Més enllà d’alguns intents parcials, només disposem de tres versions més o menys completes del text: les de Xavier Benguerel, Jordi Llovet i Pere R...
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In insects, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), a pivotal enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, is crucial in the juvenile hormone (JH)/methyl farnesoate (MF) biosynthesis pathway, particularly regulating the molting process. However, its role in the post-embryonic development and molting in Acari remains unclear. This study therefore investigated...
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The population of the endangered tiger beetle Cicindela (Abroscelis) anchoralis Chevrolat, 1845 in South Korea has drastically declined in recent years due to coastal development and human recreational activities within its habitats. To address this issue, a reintroduction strategy involving the mass release of larvae reared through ex-situ propaga...
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Membrane trafficking, including endocytosis and exocytosis, is a complex process that is coordinated by trafficking-associated proteins, cargo molecules, the cytoskeleton, and membrane lipid composition. The NIMA-related kinases NEKL-2 (human NEK8/9) and NEKL-3 (human NEK6/7) are conserved regulators of membrane trafficking in Caenorhabditis elegan...
Book
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Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are soil-dwelling, obligate parasites of insect and are used as biological control agents of economically important insect pests. Even though 23 nematode families have been documented as EPNs, only two families such as Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae have generated considerable interest as potential biocontr...
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Caenorhabditis elegans development can be altered by its interactions with pathogens, such as bacteria 1,2 or fungi ³ . However, the impact of viral infections on the nematode’s development remains largely unexplored, and conversely, whether molting periods affect viral replication is unknown. Studying infections with Orsay virus (OrV), the only kn...
Article
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Heavy metal pollution, particularly cadmium (Cd) contamination in water and farmland, might accumulate in natural insect enemies through the food chain. In response to this heavy metal stress, natural enemy insects adapt by altering their metabolism and behaviors. As a result, this investigation aimed to elucidate how the development, reproduction,...
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Myostatin (Mstn), a negative regulatory factor in myocytes, has garnered significant attention. This study focused on the Mstn gene and its 24-base-pair mutant in the promoter region of the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), aiming to investigate the regulatory roles of Mstn and its mutant in M. rosenbergii. The research provides t...
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Avian plumage maturation involves replacing feathers, via discrete molts, until reaching an iteratively-regenerated definitive plumage. This process usually takes about one year. In the Neotropical lekking manakins (Pipridae), males of most species exhibit delayed plumage maturation (DPM), passing through drab predefinitive plumages for two or thre...
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The aim of the study was to establish an artificial feeding system (AFS), based on silicon membranes, for Amblyomma sculptum nymphs and compare it to classical feeding systems using laboratory animals. Three cohorts of 60 nymphs were fed on a rabbit, calf, and with the newly established AFS using prewarmed (38 °C) defibrinated bovine blood. The att...
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L’obra, que està impregnada d’un esperit transformador, conclou amb entusiasme que les dones a l’Antiguitat ocuparen uns “lideratges fluids”, molt lluny de les imposicions autocràtiques que caracteritzaren les sobiranies masculines. “Ens toca reivindicar un nou lideratge més fluid, que no estigui renyit amb l’ús de la raó ni de les emocions i que t...
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“Edible wild shrimp” play a crucial role in marine ecosystems and food chains, yet research on microplastic (MP) impacts on the dominant shrimp species of the Haizhou Bay Marine Ranch remains scarce. This study examined shrimp from Haizhou Bay, evaluating the distribution, nutritional characteristics, and health risks associated with microplastics...
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Natural and synthetic particles co-occur in the aquatic environment. However, little information is available about the effects of natural particles on freshwater animals and how these effects differ from those of synthetic particles, especially under the scenarios of decreasing dietary quality and increasing cyanobacteria in the aquatic environmen...
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Information detection affects physiological performance and behaviour and is vital to survival and fitness. Despite the recognised importance of sensory adaptations in information acquisition and manipulation, many forms of sensory variation—from within individuals to between species—remain underexplored. To better understand the role of informatio...
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The zoonotic marine nematodes of the genus Anisakis Dujardin, 1845 are the causative agents of anisakiasis, a parasitosis that has been increasingly reported in Europe over the past decade due to the more frequent consumption of lightly processed or raw seafood. While the life cycle in the marine environment is relatively well-known, an in vitro li...
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The crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) is a unique multifunctional neuroendocrine hormone superfamily in crustaceans, crucial for maintaining physiological homeostasis and stress adaptation. To explore the role of CHHs in shrimp metabolism and growth, we identified LvCHH Ia, a CHH family member who regulates glucose metabolism in the Pacific wh...
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Background Live animals are the preferred food source for rearing and keeping triatomines in insectaries. However, there is an increasing demand for artificial feeding as an alternative method to using live animals. Despite this demand, scientific studies showing the viability of rearing triatomine colonies in insectaries with artificial feeding ar...
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Climate change is driving phenological shifts in migration and reproduction, yet it remains unclear how moult, the stage through which birds replace degraded feathers, is affected. Moult is a constitutive element of self‐maintenance and survival and therefore investigating shifts in moult is pivotal for advancing our understanding of avian response...
Chapter
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Wadden Sea chapter in the East Atlantic Flyway Assessment 2023 with current results of long-term monitoring of migratory birds in the international Wadden Sea of Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands. The Wadden Sea is of great importance for many of the waterbird populations that occur in the East Atlantic flyway. The area is a crucial stopover and...
Conference Paper
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Les Jornades d'Estudis Locals són una eina imprescindible i bàsica per tal que un municipi es coneixi a si mateix. Una eina que ha de permetre mirar al futur però tenint molt en compte el seu passat. És per això que pensam que les administracions han de fer tot el que estigui al seu abast per donar difusió, posar damunt paper amb rigor allò que hem...
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Agricultural ponds are biodiversity hotspots, especially when restored to open‐canopy conditions. Studies comparing pre‐ and post‐restoration pond diversity are rare, however, and have widely focused on “easy‐to‐identify” taxa. Chironomids have so far been neglected in pond restoration studies, but are a highly speciose group critical to aquatic ec...
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In this experiment, a hybrid composite made of melted plastic and crushed sugarcane bagasse was created. Changing the ratio of plastic to sugarcane resulted in the creation of seven distinct samples. The samples that were produced were A1 (100% plastic, 0% sugarcane), A2 (95% plastic, 5% sugarcane), A3 (90% plastic, 10% sugarcane), A4 (85% plastic,...
Preprint
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Helicoverpa armigera is a highly destructive agricultural pest known for its resistance to multiple insecticides, necessitating the development of new, sustainable control strategies. In this study, we targeted the ecdysone receptor (EcR), a key regulator of insect moulting, using a drug repurposing approach combined with virtual screening. A libra...
Article
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Natural fresh feed influences the growth and reproduction of female mud crabs. We conduct a set of feeding experiments using natural fresh feed. Twenty subadult female Scylla tranquebarica were individually reared in a plastic bucket with a recirculation system. The first group, consisting of 10 crabs, was fed with low-value fish Leiognathus equula...
Article
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Trichinellosis, caused by Trichinella species, including Trichinella spiralis, is a foodborne zoonotic disease. Upon ingestion, ML swiftly invade the intra-multicellular niche of the small intestine, undergoing four rapid molts to mature into adults. In general, the route of transmission for T. spiralis nematodes occurs through ingestion of pork. T...
Article
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To investigate the effect of the frozen Antarctic krill meal (AKM) as an nutritional supplement in Cherax quadracarinatus culturing, an experiment was designed with the following groups: a control group (C) fed with basic feed throughout the experiment; Experimental Group 1 (E1) fed basic feed for 2 d and then compound feed (50% AKM + 50% basic fee...
Article
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Rice leaf diseases represent a major hazard to rice production worldwide, affecting the output, integrity, and nutritional value of the crop. Conventional methods are time-consuming, costly, and often inaccessible to smallholder farmers, necessitating scalable and efficient solutions. This research delves into the application of Vision Transformers...
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The swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, supports the world’s largest crab fishery. Hard-shell crabs have fully developed exoskeletons and are rich in meat, while soft-shell crabs, which have recently molted, contain less meat. To determine their nutritional status and feeding behavior, we measured amino acids (AAs), organic carbon (OC), δ¹³C,...
Article
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Stopovers during migration periods are essential to allow birds to accumulate energy, recover, and/or avoid adverse weather conditions. Recoveries of ringed birds have shown that Pied Avocets (Recurvirostra avosetta) may winter at various places along the East Atlantic Flyway (EAF); however, the connectivity of different stopover sites remains poor...
Article
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The extent and timing of post-juvenile moult depend on various environmental factors. Therefore, information on the post-juvenile moult is key to understanding a species’ migration ecology. We investigated the variation in morphological traits and moult extent of young Ochre-rumped Buntings ( Emberiza yessoensis ) on a stopover island in Korea, as...
Method
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Inserendo il codice di riferimento "XEKJ8BSU", i nuovi utenti possono creare un account su Binance e beneficiare di questi sconti, mentre chi ha invitato guadagna una commissione sulle attività di trading dell'utente invitato. Il codice di riferimento attualmente valido "XEKJ8BSU" è uno dei più utilizzati a livello globale, valido a vita e con alcu...
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The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the productivity and biological characteristics of camel breeds, which are one of the main branches of animal husbandry grown in desert and semi-desert regions of Kazakhstan. Kazakh Bactrian breeds have less milk than Turkmen dromedary breed, but it has a higher fat and protein content.The milk of ca...
Article
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Alguns dels materials de procedència arqueològica reconeguts com a patrimoni industrial no s’identifiquen amb els criteris acadèmics clàssics establerts pel que fa a la seva conservació i restauració. Funcionalitat, obsolescència i complexitat de materials són algunes de les característiques que presenten. Aquesta heterogeneïtat de materials i de f...
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Insect molting requires chitinolytic enzymes to hydrolyze the chitin in the old cuticle, making chitinolytic enzyme inhibitors potential insecticides. Naturally occurring peptide chitinase inhibitors, such as argadin and argifin, possess complex non-natural structures, making large-scale production and application difficult. Given that chitinolytic...
Article
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Ticks are blood-feeding arthropods and serve as vectors and reservoirs for diverse pathogens. Recent environmental changes have triggered the invasion of ticks into new geographical areas, prompting a public health alert for increased risk of tick-borne diseases. Amblyomma ( A. ) americanum (lone star tick) has emerged as the most common human-biti...
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Conference Paper
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Microplastics (MPs) are threatening pollutants causing toxic effects on aquatic ecosystems as they play the role of vectors for other toxicants like heavy metals (HM). The freshwater crab, Sartoriana spinigera is considered an ecological indicator for its crucial role in the environment. The scarcity of knowledge, comparing the combined effects of...
Article
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Nella letteratura politica e morale del Seicento riscossero grande successo le opere dello storico francese Pierre Matthieu. La storia di Seiano e della congiura ordita contro Tiberio narrata da Tacito, da lui riscritta con aforismi e commenti, fu tradotta in molte lingue e in Italia divenne un apprezzato esempio di quel 'biografismo sentencioso y...
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Macrobrachium rosenbergii, popularly known as the giant freshwater prawn (GFP), is a commercially important aquaculture species. However, its commercial production faces several challenges, including low larvae survival due to the unavailability of suitable feed. An adequate nutritional input can offer higher post-larval (PL) survival. Live feed, s...
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Malformed trilobites have been documented in deposits ranging from the Cambrian to the Permian. Continued examination of novel malformed specimens provides insight into how trilobites recovered from injuries, experienced genetic abnormalities, and adapted to pathological conditions. This study focuses on trilobites from the Silurian and Devonian of...
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Ecdysteroid hormones are responsible for regulating arthropod moulting, but unlike other taxa which used sterol-derived hormones (e.g. vertebrate sex-determining hormones), arthropods cannot synthesis sterols de novo . Ecdysteroid synthesis is thus dependent on funnelling diverse dietary sterols into the conserved reactions of ecdysteroidogenesis....
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“Fragile” è ormai una parola molto utilizzata nel linguaggio economico. Può voler dire molte cose, a seconda del contesto, ma riflette la vulnerabilità percepita dei sistemi economici e produttivi. I sistemi che dimostrano maggiore capacità di apprendere imparano a adattare le proprie risposte per convivere con l’imprevisto e l’inaspettato. Non nec...
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The pelagic shrimp Lucensosergia lucens , which is also known as “sakura shrimp,” is a small, swimming shrimp that reaches about 4–5 cm in length and is commercially caught mainly in Suruga Bay in Japan. Recently, its catches have declined dramatically, presumably owing to the increased water temperature, the increased predation pressure, and the m...
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Open AI vs. DeepSeek Quando le AI si accusano tra loro di violazione del copyright. di Michele Di Salvo DeepSeek è arrivata come meteorite nel mondo dell'intelligenza artificiale e ha scosso il mercato, ma OpenAI non ci sta e accusa DeepSeek di aver copiato ChatGPT, anzi di aver usato ChatGPT come "insegnante" per addestrare il proprio modello R1,...
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La Sardegna è una terra ricca di essenze arboree e arbustive. La diversità botanica che ormai raccoglie circa 2500 specie, visti i legami tra vegetali e funghi, non può che riflettersi in una parallela biodiversità micologica. L'isola è inoltre poco abitata, quindi le sue foreste sono poco antropizzate, fattore questo che gioca notevolmente a favor...
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Transforming growth factor-β superfamily genes are multifunctional cytokines that play central roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, adhesion, and migration. Identifying the TGF-β superfamily in crabs could provide a basis for elucidating the genetic regulatory mechanism of growth, development, sex differentiati...
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La seconda edizione di questo libro uscì nel 2014. Da allora sono cambiate molte cose nella globalizzazione e nell’imperialismo globale delle multinazionali, la più importante delle quali è l’ormai conclamata crisi del sistema imperiale a egemonia americana. Questa nuova edizione modifica diverse tesi sostenute nella seconda, ma soprattutto aggiung...
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Moulting is a key event in the annual cycle of birds. Understanding the patterns and behaviours associated with moult provides essential insights into species conservation. During this vulnerable period, birds experience reduced movement performance due to feather loss. This vulnerability may be greater in large avian species if moult overlaps temp...
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El següent article té com a objectiu aproximar-se als debats en torn l’eurocomunisme, que varen tenir lloc en el marc del Vè Congrés del PSUC, tractant de copsar les argumentacions i raons emprades per la militància. Moltes de les discussions varen mostrar, clarament, l’existència de dissensions internes que varen trobar en l’eurocomunisme un eleme...
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Aquest treball analitza el volum Poesia 1979-2004, la principal antologia de l’obra poètica de Pere Rovira de què disposem avui dia. El recull inclou els quatre llibres publicats per l’autor en l’espai de vint-i-cinc anys que especifica el títol, però, això sí, amb omissions i variacions remarcables. A Poesia 1979-2004 s’hi observa un esforç import...
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Ascensidonio Spacca, nativo di Bevagna (Perugia), visse tra il 1560 circa e il 1646, e fu un artista di qualità molto alta, che però lavorò soltanto nella sua zona e quindi la sua fama fu prevalentemente locale. Come è accaduto nel tempo agli artisti celebri di altri luoghi (ad esempio Benedetto Pagni a Pescia, tanto per dirne uno), al suo catalogo...
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The trilobitomorphs are a megadiverse and ecologically versatile group of Paleozoic euarthropods that include the iconic trilobites, as well as non-biomineralized clades exclusively known from Konservat-Lagerstt€ atten. The concilitergans, defined by the presence of a broad, variably effaced and flattened dorsal exoskeleton, have received comparati...
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Negli ultimi decenni la letteratura “per l’infanzia”, o giovanile, ha conquistato una sua collocazione all’interno dei corsi di laurea universitari ed è oggetto di un numero crescente di studi e ricerche. Sul versante della produzione libraria, l’editoria per bambini e ragazzi costituisce oggi una realtà viva e dinamica e si moltiplicano le iniziat...
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Neuromodulators and peptide hormones play important roles in regulating animal behavior. A well-studied example is ecdysis, which is used by insects to shed their exoskeleton at the end of each molt. Ecdysis is initiated by Ecdysis Triggering Hormone (ETH) and Eclosion Hormone (EH), which interact via positive feedback to coordinate the sequence of...
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Post-molt mortality in mud crabs (Scylla species) poses a significant challenge in intensive aquaculture, particularly in condominium-style systems, where crabs often die within two hours of ecdysis due to physiological stress and environmental inadequacies. This paper proposes a detailed protocol to enhance survival by optimizing water quality (e....
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A report of the monitoring of the breeding population of tufted duck Aythya fuligula in Trentino province carried out between 2010 and 2023 is given, in order to provide information about the status, trend and distribution of the species. Riassunto: Si riporta il resoconto dei monitoraggi sulla popolazione nidificante di moretta Aythya fuligula in...
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LIM‐HD (homeodomain) protein is essential for the specific differentiation of various cells and tissues due to its conserved HD. Within the LIM subclass, the LIM‐HD transcription factor 1 alpha ( Lmx1a ) remains poorly characterized in insects. This study investigates the expression patterns of HvLmx1a in the 28‐spotted lady beetle, Henosepilachna...
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Introduction The recent discovery of Theileria haneyi, a tick-borne hemoparasite that causes mild clinical signs of equine piroplasmosis, has added complexity to the diagnosis of this reportable disease, which is prevalent among equids globally. Knowledge gaps regarding competent tick vectors that can transmit T. haneyi and the recent outbreak of H...
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Background Male self-sacrifice during mating is one of the most extreme forms of male reproductive investment. In two species of widow spiders (genus Latrodectus), males trigger sexual cannibalism by “somersaulting” into the fangs of the female after copulatory coupling is achieved. In this position, sperm are transferred with the secondary sexual...
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Background Withania somnifera is among the most widely prescribed medicinal plants in traditional Indian medicine. Hydroalcoholic extract of the roots of this plant was investigated for its effects on the overall health and lifespan of the model worm Caenorhabditis elegans. Methods The extract’s effect on worm lifespan and fertility was observed m...
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Small mammals inhabiting cold climates face high heat losses and thus, high energy demands for body temperature regulation. However, behavioral adaptations, such as seeking refuge from extreme cold in the subnivean space, can reduce the energetic cost of thermoregulation. Using automated cameras, we monitored collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlan...
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The objective of this study was to determine the bidirectional effects between hepatic gene expression and gut microbial communities on regulating the productive performances and egg quality of the layer hens in late-laying period after receiving fasting-induced molting treatment. A total of three hundred and sixty 380-day-old Jingfen No. 6 layer h...