Molecular Physics - Science topic

Abstract Title: IN-VIVO ENTRANCE DOSE MEASUREMENTS USING GAFCHROMIC EXTERNAL BEAM THERAPY-3 FILMS DOSIMETRY IN BREAST IRRADIATION WITH THERATRON EQUINOX-100 COBALT-60 MACHINE 1,2MVOUFO FOKOU, 1Ruth NANA NJANTANG, 1,2Maurice MOYO NDONTCHUENG, 1 Ousmanou MOTAPON, 3Martin ESSOMBA BIWOLE, 4Alexandre NGWA EBONGUE, 4Benjamin FOE BENGONO, 3Anne MAISON M...

We present a robust approach to generate a continuously tunable, low phase noise, Hz linewidth and mHz/s stability THz emission in the 0.1 THz to 1.4 THz range. This is achieved by photomixing two commercial telecom, distributed feedback lasers locked by optical-feedback onto a single highly stable V-shaped optical cavity. The phase noise is evalua...

Structural imaging of transient excited-state species is a key goal of molecular physics, promising to unveil rich information about the dynamics underpinning photochemical transformations. However, separating the electronic and nuclear contributions to the spectroscopic observables is challenging, and typically requires the application of high-lev...

The method for reconstruction of an adiabatic potential energy curve from experimental dispersed fluorescence spectra has been developed. The novelty of the method relies on a unique approach of simultaneous use of $$bound \rightarrow bound$$ b o u n d → b o u n d and $$bound \rightarrow free$$ b o u n d → f r e e parts of the spectrum. The method...

This article presents laboratory equipment for practice learning of physics specialties students in the framework of educational course “Molecular Physics and Thermodynamics”. The presented laboratory equipment allows measuring the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity coefficient of molecular liquids under atmospheric pressure and sat...

We discover several surprising relationships between large classes of seemingly unrelated foundational problems of financial engineering and fundamental problems of hydrodynamics and molecular physics. Solutions in all these domains can be reduced to solving affine differential equations commonly used in various mathematical and scientific discipli...

We report a measurement of the hyperfine-structure constants of the ⁸⁵ Rb 4D 3/2 state using two-photon optical spectroscopy of the 5S 1/2 →4D 3/2 transition. The spectra are acquired by measuring the transmission of the low-power 795-nm lower-stage laser beam through a cold-atom sample as a function of laser frequency, with the frequency of the up...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be easily integrated into virtual education to drive adaptive instruction and real-time constructive feedback to students, offering a possible conduit for fostering discovery curiosity in learners. This study examines and characterizes Human-AI-Teaming (HAT) coordination dynamics to monitor the inception of discover...

Compton scattering has been a key concept in atomic and molecular physics, material science, condensed matter physics, and other fields ever since it was originally discovered by Arthur H. Compton in 1923. Additionally, the Compton camera, one of the applications of Compton scattering can gather sufficient data and information about photons with en...

Description of the total energy of a many-electron system, $E$, as a function of the total number of electrons $N_\textrm{tot}$ (integer or fractional) is of great importance in atomic and molecular physics, theoretical chemistry and materials science. Equally significant is the correct dependence of the energy on the spin of the system, $S_\textrm...

The manuscript discusses the concepts of spin-orbit coupling in atomic physics and Molecular Quantum Similarity (MQS) in molecular clusters. Spin-orbit coupling arises from the interaction between an electron's spin and its motion around the nucleus and plays a crucial role in determining energy levels and spectral lines in atoms with heavy nuclei....

The precision of the weak equivalence principle (WEP) test using atom interferometers (AIs) is expected to be extremely high in microgravity environment. The microgravity scientific laboratory cabinet (MSLC) in the China Space Station (CSS) can provide a higher-level microgravity than the CSS itself, which provides a good experimental environment f...

The present commentary delineates the scope of quantum-based artificial intelligence (AI) in confronting the escalating need for eco-friendly sources of energy. Contemporary concerns regarding the detrimental impacts of conventional energy sources on the environment have led to the exploration of alternative and sustainable options. The amalgamatio...

Spectroscopy is a key analytical tool that provides valuable insight into molecular structure and is widely used to identify chemical samples. Tagging spectroscopy is a form of action spectroscopy in which the absorption of a single photon by a molecular ion is detected via the loss of a weakly attached, inert "tag" particle (e.g. He, Ne, N2).1-3 T...

Non-adiabatic dynamics is associated with many photo-electron chemical processes where the nuclear wavefunction is strongly coupled with the electronic wavefunction near the conical intersection of the potential energy surface (PES). In this work we present the Vibrational Electronic Coupled Cluster (VECC) method which provides a compact time-depen...

In this study, chitosan (Chi) was used to microencapsulate peppermint essential oil (PEO). A novel gelatin-based cryogel loaded with PEO microcapsules was further developed and characterized for potential applications. Four different cryogel systems were designed, and the morphological, molecular, physical and antibacterial properties were investig...

While correlated electrons are at the heart of many phenomena in condensed matter, as well as atomic and molecular physics, Coulomb interactions in free-electron beams are generally considered detrimental. Here, we demonstrate the generation of Coulomb-correlated pair, triple and quadruple states of free electrons by femtosecond photoemission from...

Atomic beams are a longstanding technology for atom-based sensors and clocks with widespread use in commercial frequency standards. Here, we report the demonstration of a chip-scale microwave atomic beam clock using coherent population trapping (CPT) interrogation in a passively pumped atomic beam device. The beam device consists of a hermetically...

This presentation file is the Chapter 1-2 of lectures on the TSC theory for cold fusion. In this introductory lecture-1-2, basic knowledge for nuclear reaction rate formulas, molecular physics potential formulas and interim steps for developing the TSC theory are shown. Lectures in Chapter 2-4 will be for theoretical contents with math formulas and...

The article presents methods of obtaining the Mendeleev-Clapeyron equation. Thermodynamics considers the macrosystem as a whole and describes its properties not on the basis of the microstructure of the substance, but on the basis of the experiment establishes a connection between the macroscopic parameters of the substance. This method is distingu...

Infrared spectroscopy is a technique which studies the interaction of infrared radiation with matter. It is widely used in chemistry to identify unknown samples and the pedagogical use of the technique is almost always restricted to chemistry labs. In this article, we discuss the potential of IR spectroscopy demonstrations to teach principles of mo...

Thermomagnetic properties, and its effects on Fisher information entropy with Schioberg plus Manning-Rosen potential are studied using NUFA and SUSYQM methods in the presence of the Greene-Aldrich approximation scheme to the centrifugal term. The wave function obtained was used to study Fisher information both in position and momentum spaces for di...

We are seeking a highly motivated Post-doctoral Fellow to work on a topic of their choice related to planetary science. A wide array of expertise is acceptable including but not limited to 1) planetary atmospheres, 2) geologic and geomorphologic mapping and investigations, 3) remote sensing and remote compositional analysis, 4) Aqueous geochemistry...

A partir de los trabajos recientes del grupo acerca del Potencial de Coulomb, surge una posibilidad de continuar dicho estudio con objeto de mejorar dos aspectos importantes, como son la precisión y el comportamiento asintótico que posee el modelo. La metodología para obtener mejor precisión se basa en el reagrupamiento de las integrales involucrad...

Filming atomic motion within molecules is an active pursuit of molecular physics and quantum chemistry. A promising method is laser-induced Coulomb Explosion Imaging (CEI) where a laser pulse rapidly ionizes many electrons from a molecule, causing the remaining ions to undergo Coulomb repulsion. The ion momenta are used to reconstruct the molecular...

Can the laws of physics be unified. One of the most puzzling challenges is to reconcile physics and chemistry, where molecular physics meets condensed-matter physics, resulting from the scaling effect and dynamic fluctuation of glassy matter at the glass transition temperature. Pioneer of condensed-matter physics, the Nobel Prize-winning physicist...

We present a design and evaluation of a simple and easy-to-fabricate conductive heater intended for ultra-high vacuum experiments. We demonstrate a compact and power-dense heater that has minimal outgassing up to nearly 200 °C. We further detail a method for using the heater in air to heat an object in vacuum by partially replacing a glass vacuum c...

The wettability of a polymer surface--related to its hydrophobicity or tendency to repel water--can be crucial for determining its utility, such as for a coating or a purification membrane. While wettability is commonly associated with the macroscopic measurement of a contact angle between surface, water, and air, the molecular physics that underli...

In this study, the quantum three-body harmonic system with finite rest length R and zero total angular momentum L = 0 is explored. It governs the near-equilibrium S-states eigenfunctions ψ(r12,r13,r23) of three identical point particles interacting by means of any pairwise confining potential V(r12,r13,r23) that entirely depends on the relative dis...

In this paper, we study the quantum dynamics of particles under non-inertial effects induced by a rotating frame confined by the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) flux field with interacting potential in topological defect background associated to screw dislocation, which corresponds to a distortion of a vertical line into a vertical spiral. Firstly, we study the...

Materials such as graphene and topological insulators host massless Dirac fermions that enable the study of relativistic quantum phenomena. Single quantum dots and coupled quantum dots formed with massless Dirac fermions can be viewed as artificial relativistic atoms and molecules, respectively. Such structures offer a unique testbed to study atomi...

We present the first high spectral resolution mid-infrared survey in the Orion BN/KL region, covering 7.2–28.3 μ m. With SOFIA/EXES, we target the enigmatic source Orion IRc2. While this is in the most prolifically studied massive star-forming region, longer wavelengths and molecular emission lines dominated previous spectral surveys. The mid-infra...

In this work, the reparameterized Scarf II oscillator was employed to describe the internal vibration of diatomic systems. Analytical equations for bound state pure vibrational energies and canonical partition function were obtained. The equations were used to derive statistical-mechanical models for the prediction of molar entropy, enthalpy, Gibbs...

Ultralong-range Rydberg molecules provide an exciting testbed for molecular physics at exaggerated scales. In the so-called trilobite and butterfly Rydberg molecules, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation can fail due to strong nonadiabatic couplings arising from the combination of radial oscillations and rapid energy variations in the adiabatic poten...

This case report highlights the benefit or harm of breastfeeding in a patient with Kidney Failure with Replacement Therapy (KFRT) undergoing program hemodialysis. This is a unique clinical case, as pregnancy and successful delivery are rare in this group of females. With a favorable outcome, the possibility of breastfeeding is especially relevant f...

We demonstrate that the isotope shift in isotopomers of diatomic molecules, where the nucleus of one of its constituent atoms is replaced by another isotope, can be expressed as the sum of a field shift and a mass shift similar to the atomic case. We show that a linear relation holds between atomic and molecular isotopes shifts, thus extending the...

The wettability of a polymer surface--related to its hydrophobicity or tendency to repel water--can be crucial for determining its utility, such as for a coating or a purification membrane. While wettability is commonly associated with the macroscopic measurement of a contact angle between surface, water, and air, the molecular physics that underli...

We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically the presence of the post-collision interaction (PCI) effect in sulfur KL2,3L2,3 Auger electron spectra measured in the gas-phase thiophene and in solid-state organic polymers: polythiophene (PT) and poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl), commonly known as P3HT. PCI manifests itself through a distortion and...

We demonstrate that the isotope shift in isotopomers of diatomic molecules, where the nucleus of one of its constituent atoms is replaced by another isotope, can be expressed as the sum of a field shift and a mass shift, similar to the atomic case. We show that a linear relation holds between atomic and molecular isotopes shifts, thus extending the...

Radars can be used as sensors to detect the breathing of victims trapped under layers of building materials in catastrophes like earthquakes or gas explosions. In this contribution, we present the implementation of a novel frequency comb continuous wave (FCCW) bioradar module using a commercial software-defined radio (SDR). The FCCW radar transmits...

Measurement of accurate tidal volumes based on respiration-induced surface movements of the upper body would be valuable in clinical and sports monitoring applications, but most current methods lack the precision, ease of use, or cost effectiveness required for wide-scale uptake. In this paper, the theoretical ability of different sensors, such as...

Widely tunable and narrow-linewidth lasers at visible wavelengths are necessary for applications such as quantum optics, optical clocks and atomic and molecular physics. At present, the lasers are benchtop systems, which precludes these technologies from being used outside research laboratories. Here we demonstrate a chip-scale visible laser platfo...

In the current scientific literature, a variety of nonlinear ordinary differential equations are widely and successfully used to describe real processes in various fields of natural sciences: optics, elasticity theory, molecular physics, etc. For example, the Ermakov and Riccati equations are used to solve the quantum Schrodinger equation, in elect...

Non-contact vibration measurements are relevant for non-invasively characterizing the mechanical behavior of structures. This paper presents a novel methodology for full-field vibrational analysis at high frequencies using the three-dimensional digital image correlation technique combined with the projection of a speckle pattern. The method include...

In this study, the energy equation and normalized wave function were obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation analytically utilizing the Eckart-Hellmann potential and the Nikiforov-Uvarov method. Fisher information and Shannon entropy were investigated. Our results showed higher-order characteristic behavior for position and momentum space. Our...

Due to its nature as a strongly correlated quantum liquid, ultracold helium is characterized by the nontrivial interplay of different physical effects. Bosonic $$^4{\text {He}}$$ 4 He exhibits superfluidity and Bose-Einstein condensation. Its physical properties have been accurately determined on the basis of ab initio path integral Monte Carlo (PI...

Ultralong-range Rydberg molecules provide an exciting testbed for molecular physics at exaggerated scales. In the so-called trilobite and butterfly Rydberg molecules, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation can fail due to strong non-adiabatic couplings arising from the combination of radial oscillations and rapid energy variations in the adiabatic pote...

A recent progress on laser cooling of molecules are summarized. Since the development during 1980s for atomic species, laser cooling has been the very beginning step to cool and trap atoms for frontier research on quantum simulations, quantum sensing and precision measurements. Despite the complex internal structures of molecules, laser cooling of...

Noves Ricerca in association with NeuroQuantology Journal (PubMed, Scopus Q3) is proudly announce its First ever Conference on Applied Physics & Mathematics held during September 18-19, 2023 in Singapore City, Singapore. Its points is to bring the leading speakers for introducing novel and basic advances in the fields of Applied Physical science an...

The potential of frequency comb spectroscopy has aroused great interest in generating mid-infrared frequency combs in the integrated photonic setting. However, despite remarkable progress in microresonators and quantum cascade lasers, the availability of suitable mid-IR comb sources remains scarce. Here, we generate mid-IR microcombs relying on cas...

Recent developments in atomic physics have enabled the experimental generation of many-body entangled states to boost the performance of quantum sensors beyond the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL). This limit is imposed by the inherent projection noise of a quantum measurement. In this Perspective article, we describe the commonly used experimental met...

Due to the increasing demand for new materials and drugs in the manufacturing and pharmaceutical fields, it is difficult to meet the requirements of high-throughput screening of materials and drugs by measuring the physical and chemical properties of molecular structures with traditional methods. Researchers seek to reveal the relationship between...

In this work, we analyze the interference patterns measured in lab-based dual-phase grating interferometry and for the first time explain the spatial dependencies of the measured interference patterns and the large visibility deviations between the theoretical prediction and the experimental results. To achieve this, a simulator based on wave propa...

The study of molecular physics using ultracold gases has provided a unique probe into the fundamental properties of nature and offers new tools for quantum technologies. In this article we outline how the use of a space environment to study ultracold molecular physics opens opportunities for 1) exploring ultra-low energy regimes of molecular physics...

The movement of natural gas components through a crystalline fragment of C60 fullerite in a simple cubic phase is numerically investigated. The methods of classical molecular physics, the Monte Carlo and Euler approaches, and a step-by-step numerical method of a high order of accuracy are used to study the effects arising from the passage of the pa...

Magnetic properties of polycrystalline La0.81Sr0.19Mn0.9Fe0.1−xZnxO3 (x = 0, 0.05) have been investigated by means of electron spin resonance, magnetic susceptibility, and Mössbauer measurements. Both samples show a clear ferromagnetic transition. The Curie temperature TC decreases on increasing Fe content (x = 0.05—TC = 222 K; x = 0—TC = 148 K). M...

Quantized vortices are a prototypical feature of superfluidity that have been observed in multiple quantum gas experiments. But the occurrence of vortices in dipolar quantum gases—a class of ultracold gases characterized by long-range anisotropic interactions—has not been reported yet. Here we exploit the anisotropic nature of the dipole–dipole int...

We present the status of the research in the field of atomic and molecular physics in Africa as well as some challenges hindering the efforts being made by the African scientists. We further report the discussions and progress of the African Strategy for Fundamental and Applied Physics (ASFAP) working group on Atomic and Molecular physics with the...

Both antimicrobial peptides and their synthetic mimics are potential alternatives to classical antibiotics. They can induce several membrane perturbations including permeabilization. Especially in model studies, aggregation of vesicles by such polycations is often reported. Here, we show that unintended vesicle aggregation or indeed fusion can caus...

The best way to model, understand, and quantify the information contained in complex systems is an open question in physics, mathematics, and computer science. The uncertain relationship between entropy and complexity further complicates this question. With ideas drawn from the object-relations theory of psychology, this paper develops an object-re...

Radio-frequency (RF) signal generators are standard laboratory equipment and a wide-range of open-source and commercial devices exists to address their many applications. Nonetheless, only few expensive and proprietary solutions can be re-configured within a wide frequency band and triggered on a micro-second timescale. Such specifications are requ...

Over the last 20 years, XUV and X-ray free-electron lasers have enabled a wide variety of time-resolved experiments that have dramatically advanced our understanding of ultrafast molecular dynamics on atomic length scales and femtosecond time scales. This review focuses on experimental studies of ultrafast dynamics of atoms and molecules in the gas...

Charts are often used for the graphical representation of tabular data. Due to their vast expansion in various fields, it is necessary to develop computer algorithms that can easily retrieve and process information from chart images in a helpful way. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have succeeded in various image processing and classification...

This paper presents a system of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) as mathematical model to describe the spatial-temporal dynamics of predator-prey system in an artificial aquatic environment with schooling behavior imposed upon the associated prey. The proposed model follows the particle-like approach where interactions among the associated...

This article discusses how the pattern of elastic scattering of an electron on a pair of identical atomic centers is modified if we abandon the assumption, standard in molecular physics, that outside of some molecular sphere surrounding the centers, the wave function of the molecular continuum is atomic-like, being a linear combination of the regul...

According to theory, sea wave energy is significant and economically beneficial, while practice shows the opposite. The theory of wave motion is composed of mathematical models that resemble it, but do not help to explain it reliably physically. To explain the wave process, one must first understand the processes in hydrodynamics, which are still u...