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Modeling - Science topic
Explore the latest questions and answers in Modeling, and find Modeling experts.
Questions related to Modeling
Could it be that this is not an either or question, but that the two possibilities are equivalent, that is, that the two different conceptual reference frames are equally valid?
Their article posted on arXiv May 8, 2025 is at: https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.02645.
I'm currently working on underground hydrogen storage (UHS) in saline aquifers and focusing on the dispersion behavior in complex geological formations. I’m exploring simulation methods like LBM and would like to hear from others with experience in similar modeling or storage projects.
Hi All
I need a researcher who is familiar in modeling liquefaction of soil in earth fill dams by any software, for example ABAQUS, Geostudio, FLAC....etc.
The person would be a co-author of a research paper which is being published in an international journal with a high impact factor.
Best regards
Dr.-Ing. Nazim Nariman
009647702210546 Whatsapp + Viber
Which simulation software is best suited for comprehensive modeling and analysis of electrochemical systems?
I noticed a quite interesting paradox. In modeling the impact of temperature on mortality, DLNMs (Distributed Lag Non-linear Models) are considered a kind of gold standard. I understand the allure, as they neatly model the delayed impact of low temperatures increasing the spread of respiratory infections or of heatwaves, when an initial mortality spike is followed by subsequent below-trendline mortality.
There are a few known problems, like DLNMs’ tendency to correctly match spikes of mortality during heatwaves; thus, when extrapolating, they achieve spectacularly high numbers that later completely overshoot observational data.
Nevertheless, I notice an even more serious problem: they assume the relationship remains effectively constant or, in fancier models, assume some modest adaptation. By crunching larger datasets on seasonality, I noticed consistent shifts in mortality seasonality completely overshadowing any impact of climate change. For assumptions to hold, seasonality should have remained mostly constant over decades until starting to shift in the 1970s due to a changing warming trend. Yet, historical data (STL-extracted cycles) show the opposite. Any ideas? (Especially how to recalibrate DLNMs to match historical data?)


I'm exploring whether the Friedmann equation, typically used to describe the large-scale structure of the universe, can be reframed as a nested oscillatory system when considered within a quantum cosmological framework.
Recent works, such as those by Matone & Dimakis (2024), suggest that a linearized form of the Friedmann equations reduces to a WKB-like expansion of a quantum cosmological wave equation. This brings up the possibility that the quantum scale factor itself behaves as a standing wave, whose dynamics may recursively couple across temporal and curvature scales.
From the perspective of the Oscillatory Dynamics Transductive-Bridging Theorem (ODTBT), I am particularly interested in modeling this structure as a transductive sine-cosine field, where curvature, time, and mass evolve through nested phase dynamics. The TWIST (Threshold Waveform Interaction for State Transformation) provides a boundary framework for state changes between classical expansion, quantum collapse, and informational decoherence.
Has anyone formally modeled or considered the Friedmann equation as a recursive oscillatory structure—either mathematically, numerically, or ontologically—within quantum gravity, loop quantum cosmology, or field-theoretic formulations?
I'm especially interested in:
- Quantum Friedmann equations expressed through WKB approximations
- Recursive or self-referential curvature waveforms
- Oscillatory modeling of scale factor dynamics (e.g., phase-shifted transitions between geometries)
Any insights, citations, or collaborative leads would be greatly appreciated.
Prostate cancer in situ modeling method, how to ensure uniformity, we have done it several times, the tumor size deviation is too large.
Hello everyone,
I am currently working on modeling a life cycle assessment (LCA) for 1 m³ of concrete using GaBi. Instead of relying on the default datasets, I would like to model each life cycle stage from A1 to A5 individually to better reflect actual conditions.
As part of this, I want to create a custom cement manufacturing process. My questions are:
- How do we go about modeling a new cement plant in GaBi?
- Is it necessary to define each sub-process (e.g., raw material extraction, clinker production, grinding, etc.) manually, or is there a way to streamline this using existing flows?
- Is there any visual representation or schematic within GaBi that can help understand and structure the process chain?
Any guidance, examples, or references would be greatly appreciated. I'm especially looking to represent the A5 stage (construction activities like concrete placement) as well.
Thank you in advance!
The STEM Modeling Competency scale or the Modeling Ability Checklist would also be greatly appreciated if anyone has access to them!
I have a theoretical model that naturally extrapolates to the weakening of dark energy through the mechanism of spacetime phase transitions, but I've never been able to complete the modeling because my math skills are so poor, should I give up?I give up?



会议征稿:第二届模型、自然语言处理与机器学习国际学术会议(CMNM 2025)
Call for papers:2025 2025 2nd International Conference on Modeling, Natural Language Processing, and Machine Learning (CMNM 2025) will be held from May 16 to 18 in Fuzhou, China.
Conference website(English): https://ais.cn/u/IZ7z2a
重要信息
大会官网(投稿网址):https://ais.cn/u/IZ7z2a
大会时间:2025年5月16-18日
大会地点:中国-福建福州
提交检索:EI Compendex, Scopus
会议详情
由阳光学院主办的第二届模型、自然语言处理与机器学习国际学术会议(CMNM 2025)将于2025年5月16-18日在福州举行。会议主要围绕模型、自然语言处理与机器学习等研究领域展开讨论。会议旨在为从事模型、自然语言处理与机器学习研究的专家学者、工程技术人员、技术研发人员提供一个共享科研成果和前沿技术所有的投稿都必须经过2-3位组委会专家审稿,经过严格的审稿之后,最终所有录用的论文将由ACM International Conference Proceedings Series出版,见刊后提交至EI Compendex, Scopus检索。,了解学术发展趋势,拓宽研究思路,加强学术研究和探讨,促进学术成果产业化合作的平台。大会诚邀国内外高校、科研机构专家、学者,企业界人士及其他相关人员参会交流!
征稿主题(包括但不限于)
1. 建模与仿真
建模工具与语言
建模与仿真方法
视觉与可视化技术
可视化和建模中的感知问题
实时建模与仿真
分析与控制
动态建模与仿真
基于Web的仿真
仿真优化
......
2. 自然语言处理
2级表示和处理
对话框系统和多模式系统
智能接口
文本处理辅助工具
机器翻译
自然语言理解
机器翻译
信息检索
......
3. 机器学习
智能数据分析
建模和识别
多任务和迁移学习
机器学习算法
深度学习
人工智能
智能搜索
数据挖掘
......
论文出版
会议投稿经过2-3位组委会专家严格审核后,最终所录用的论文将被ACM ICPS (ACM International Conference Proceeding Series)出版论文集,并提交至ACM Digital library,EI Compendex, Scopus检索。
投稿参会方式
所有参会人员可申请口头演讲以及海报展示,可开具中英文证明:
①作者参会:提交全文,一篇文章允许一名作者免费参会;
②口头演讲:申请口头报告,时间为15-20分钟;
③海报展示:申请海报展示,A1尺寸,彩色打印(自行打印);
④听众参会:不投稿仅参会,仍可申请演讲或海报展示;
⑤ 报名参会:https://ais.cn/u/IZ7z2a

I am modelling a cold-formed ledger frame structure and have screw connection data for both pure shear and pure tension. I used a Cartesian align connector and input shear and tension stiffness values. However, my loading condition involves a combination of both shear and tension, resulting in screw pull-out failure. My FEA results are significantly stiffer than the experimental data, and I suspect that the screw stiffness is overestimated since I defined stiffness separately for pure shear and pure tension. Can anyone help with this?
Were the Tehran faults formed as a result of the movement of the Caspian Sea plate towards the Alborz Mountains?
The seismically active Alborz mountains of northern Iran are an integral part of the Arabia-Eurasia collision. Linked strike-slip and thrust/reverse-fault systems in this mountain belt are characterized by slow loading rates, and large earthquakes are highly disparate in space and time. Similar to other intracontinental deformation zones such a pattern of tectonic activity is still insufficiently understood, because recurrence intervals between seismic events may be on the order of thousands of years, and are thus beyond the resolution of short term measurements based on GPS or instrumentally recorded seismicity. This study bridges the gap of deformation processes on different time scales. In particular, my investigation focuses on deformation on the Quaternary time scale, beyond present-day deformation rates, and it uses present-day and paleotectonic characteristics to model fault behavior. The study includes data based on structural and geomorphic mapping, faultkinematic analysis, DEM-based morphometry, and numerical fault-interaction modeling. In order to better understand the long- to short term behavior of such complex fault systems, I used geomorphic surfaces as strain markers and dated fluvial and alluvial surfaces using terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCN, 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). My investigation focuses on the seismically active Mosha-Fasham fault (MFF) and the seismically virtually inactive North Tehran Thrust (NTT), adjacent to the Tehran metropolitan area. Fault-kinematic data reveal an early mechanical linkage of the NTT and MFF during an earlier dextral transpressional stage, when the shortening direction was oriented northwest. This regime was superseded by Pliocene to Recent NE-oriented shortening, which caused thrusting and sinistral strike-slip faulting. In the course of this kinematic changeover, the NTT and MFF were reactivated and incorporated into a nascent transpressional duplex, which has significantly affected landscape evolution in this part of the range. Two of three distinctive features which characterize topography and relief in the study area can be directly related to their location inside the duplex array and are thus linked to interaction between eastern MFF and NTT, and between western MFF and Taleghan fault, respectively. To account for inferred inherited topography from the previous dextral-transpression regime, a new concept of tectonic landscape characterization has been used. Accordingly, I define simple landscapes as those environments, which have developed during the influence of a sustained tectonic regime. In contrast, composite landscapes contain topographic elements inherited from previous tectonic conditions that are inconsistent with the regional present-day stress field and kinematic style. Using numerical fault-interaction modeling with different tectonic boundary conditions, I calculated synoptic snapshots of artificial topography to compare it with the real topographic metrics. However, in the Alborz mountains, E-W faults are favorably oriented to accommodate the entire range of NW- to NE-directed compression. These faults show the highest total displacement which might indicate sustained faulting under changing boundary conditions. In contrast to the fault system within and at the flanks of the Alborz mountains, Quaternary deformation in the adjacent Tehran plain is characterized by oblique motion and thrust and strike-slip fault systems. In this morphotectonic province fault-propagation folding along major faults, limited strike-slip motion, and en-échelon arrays of second-order upper plate thrusts are typical. While the Tehran plain is characterized by young deformation phenomena, the majority of faulting took place in the early stages of the Quaternary and during late Pliocene time. TCN-dating, which was performed for the first time on geomorphic surfaces in the Tehran plain, revealed that the oldest two phases of alluviation (units A and B) must be older than late Pleistocene. While urban development in Tehran increasingly covers and obliterates the active fault traces, the present-day kinematic style, the vestiges of formerly undeformed Quaternary landforms, and paleo earthquake indicators from the last millennia attest to the threat that these faults and their related structures pose for the megacity.
Abdollah Saidi added a reply
February 24
No, The north Tehran fault is a stuctucture resulting of conversion of Arabia to Eurasia. There is no any north - soutth conversion mouvement betwin Eurasia stable super continent and Iranian plate.
ResearchGate thinks that I am a co-author of "Techniques for cetacean–habitat modeling" (https://www.int-res.com/articles/meps2006/310/m310p271.pdf), but I am A. L. Read at the University of Oslo, not A. Read at Duke University!
Cheers, A. L. Read
Were the Tehran faults formed as a result of the movement of the Caspian Sea plate towards the Alborz Mountains?
The seismically active Alborz mountains of northern Iran are an integral part of the Arabia-Eurasia collision. Linked strike-slip and thrust/reverse-fault systems in this mountain belt are characterized by slow loading rates, and large earthquakes are highly disparate in space and time. Similar to other intracontinental deformation zones such a pattern of tectonic activity is still insufficiently understood, because recurrence intervals between seismic events may be on the order of thousands of years, and are thus beyond the resolution of short term measurements based on GPS or instrumentally recorded seismicity. This study bridges the gap of deformation processes on different time scales. In particular, my investigation focuses on deformation on the Quaternary time scale, beyond present-day deformation rates, and it uses present-day and paleotectonic characteristics to model fault behavior. The study includes data based on structural and geomorphic mapping, faultkinematic analysis, DEM-based morphometry, and numerical fault-interaction modeling. In order to better understand the long- to short term behavior of such complex fault systems, I used geomorphic surfaces as strain markers and dated fluvial and alluvial surfaces using terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides (TCN, 10Be, 26Al, 36Cl) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). My investigation focuses on the seismically active Mosha-Fasham fault (MFF) and the seismically virtually inactive North Tehran Thrust (NTT), adjacent to the Tehran metropolitan area. Fault-kinematic data reveal an early mechanical linkage of the NTT and MFF during an earlier dextral transpressional stage, when the shortening direction was oriented northwest. This regime was superseded by Pliocene to Recent NE-oriented shortening, which caused thrusting and sinistral strike-slip faulting. In the course of this kinematic changeover, the NTT and MFF were reactivated and incorporated into a nascent transpressional duplex, which has significantly affected landscape evolution in this part of the range. Two of three distinctive features which characterize topography and relief in the study area can be directly related to their location inside the duplex array and are thus linked to interaction between eastern MFF and NTT, and between western MFF and Taleghan fault, respectively. To account for inferred inherited topography from the previous dextral-transpression regime, a new concept of tectonic landscape characterization has been used. Accordingly, I define simple landscapes as those environments, which have developed during the influence of a sustained tectonic regime. In contrast, composite landscapes contain topographic elements inherited from previous tectonic conditions that are inconsistent with the regional present-day stress field and kinematic style. Using numerical fault-interaction modeling with different tectonic boundary conditions, I calculated synoptic snapshots of artificial topography to compare it with the real topographic metrics. However, in the Alborz mountains, E-W faults are favorably oriented to accommodate the entire range of NW- to NE-directed compression. These faults show the highest total displacement which might indicate sustained faulting under changing boundary conditions. In contrast to the fault system within and at the flanks of the Alborz mountains, Quaternary deformation in the adjacent Tehran plain is characterized by oblique motion and thrust and strike-slip fault systems. In this morphotectonic province fault-propagation folding along major faults, limited strike-slip motion, and en-échelon arrays of second-order upper plate thrusts are typical. While the Tehran plain is characterized by young deformation phenomena, the majority of faulting took place in the early stages of the Quaternary and during late Pliocene time. TCN-dating, which was performed for the first time on geomorphic surfaces in the Tehran plain, revealed that the oldest two phases of alluviation (units A and B) must be older than late Pleistocene. While urban development in Tehran increasingly covers and obliterates the active fault traces, the present-day kinematic style, the vestiges of formerly undeformed Quaternary landforms, and paleo earthquake indicators from the last millennia attest to the threat that these faults and their related structures pose for the megacity.
How to check Temperature-time curves via the tests and FE modelling using Abaqus software.
I am using T-learner approach for uplift modeling, with two separate models for treatment and control. They predict the counterfactuals and compute the uplift as the difference between the two predictions. I went to know witch metrics capture the quality of the uplift estimates (evaluate the uplift predictions) ? especially with continuous outcomes, where the problem is that the true uplift is never observed for an individual (you can't have both treated and control outcomes for the same person), so traditional metrics like MSE on uplift aren't feasible, and metrics like AUUC, Qini are For binary outcomes (e.g., conversion/no conversion).
I am trying to model pinned supports for a rectangular RC floor slab in Abaqus. Does anyone know a good way of doing so? I am new to Abaqus software.
The integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into power grids presents a multifaceted optimization challenge due to the inherent variability, intermittency, and uncertainty associated with solar, wind, and other renewables. Traditional linear programming (LP) methods have been widely employed for capacity planning, economic dispatch, and grid optimization due to their computational efficiency and mathematical tractability. However, given the increasing complexity of modern power systems, stochastic programming (SP) has emerged as a powerful alternative, offering robust decision-making capabilities under uncertainty by incorporating probabilistic scenarios and risk-aware optimization techniques.
While both LP and SP have demonstrated efficacy in optimizing renewable power integration, fundamental questions remain regarding their comparative performance, computational trade-offs, and potential hybridization strategies for maximizing grid efficiency, reliability, and economic feasibility.
This raises several critical research questions:
- Comparative Efficiency and Computational Trade-OffsUnder what conditions does stochastic programming outperform traditional linear programming in optimizing renewable power dispatch and grid stability? What are the computational limitations of SP in large-scale, real-time renewable integration scenarios, and how do they compare to the efficiency of LP-based approaches? Can SP-driven uncertainty modeling be effectively incorporated into linear programming formulations without excessive computational overhead?
- Hybrid Stochastic-Linear Optimization ModelsHow can hybrid models leveraging stochastic programming for uncertainty handling and linear programming for real-time decision-making be formulated to improve renewable power integration? What are the best methodologies for embedding probabilistic forecasts (e.g., wind/solar generation) within deterministic LP frameworks? Can reinforcement learning or AI-driven optimization be synergized with SP and LP to enhance predictive capabilities and decision-making accuracy?
- Risk-Aware and Resilient Power System PlanningHow do SP and LP models differ in their ability to balance cost minimization, risk mitigation, and system resilience in renewable-dominant grids? Can stochastic optimization provide a more effective hedge against extreme weather events, demand fluctuations, and unforeseen grid disturbances compared to conventional LP formulations? What empirical evidence exists on the real-world adoption of SP-based vs. LP-based optimization strategies in renewable energy markets and power system operations?
- Scalability and Industrial FeasibilityGiven real-world constraints, how feasible is the implementation of stochastic optimization in large-scale multi-energy systems, microgrids, and hybrid renewable storage? Are current LP and SP models sufficiently scalable for real-time power system operations, or do computational bottlenecks limit their applicability? What role can decomposition techniques, heuristic approximations, and parallel computing play in improving the scalability of stochastic-linear hybrid models?
I invite researchers and industry experts specializing in power system optimization, energy economics, uncertainty modeling, AI-driven grid management, and hybrid decision science to contribute insights on:
- The efficiency trade-offs between LP and SP in renewable power integration.
- Empirical benchmarking studies comparing these methodologies in large-scale renewable energy networks.
- The feasibility and industrial adoption of hybrid stochastic-linear programming models in real-world energy markets.
- Emerging computational techniques that can enhance the scalability and practicality of SP-LP integration for modern power grids.
I started a new project on ABM for criminology and bumped on GIS and crowds movements. What I need is to simulate the movement of people commuting to work every day in a map extracted from OpenStreetMaps (OMS) platform. I program in Python, so a solution in Python would be ideal (and very convenient) for me. What library/toolbox/guide would you suggest for a newbie in GIS and simulation of crowds?
Dear Research Community,
I am modelling the stress-strain behaviour of FRP-confined concrete in ABAQUS. I have written a USDFLD sub-routine. My ABAQUS stress-strain curve follows the expected curve up to the peak stress. After that, the stress is overshot by about 5 MPa (which is about 8% higher than expected). The gradient of my ABAQUS curve is the same as the expected curve - just 5 MPa stress higher than expected in the post-peak region. What could be the problem, and how do I rectify it?
Any suggestions are welcome. Thank you.
Holly
Is Mice's best imputation technique for filling missing data and default values in the credit modelling datasets. I am trying to learn how to achieve accuracy but I am not able to get proper content for that. When you have 400 variables and you have around 47% of missing data with default values, how would we do that
We are going to study some MOFs, but I have no experience at all. I did some calculations using GROMACS, so now I have the following questions:
- as I understand, it is possible to evaluate the catalytic properties of a MOF using Monte Carlo simulations? Or is some other approach better?
- using modeling, it is also possible to evaluate adsorption, diffusion, storage and release (for example, of some drug)?
Are there any tutorials or at least an approximate description or algorithm of how to do all this? Maybe there are some very detailed articles?
Recently I used this equation, that I found from http://chemphys.space/thinks/ on Modelling Coke oxidation Kinetics. I got some interesting results, but I am not sure if my method is reliable. A drawback of my study is I performed the Modelling just using a single heating rate. However, I compared my results with Litrature values and it gives good approximation
I wrote down based on my analsysis I would love to hear comments
“A The proposed model demonstrates a significant advantage in its ability to integrate kinetic, diffusion, and structural factors, offering greater flexibility in analyzing coke oxidation kinetics. The results align well with the porosity characteristics of the studied samples. For catalysts with low coke content, the formation of relatively thin oxidized layers suggests diffusion plays a crucial role in controlling the reaction rate.
In this model, the reaction order n varies between 1.52–1.69 for C-2 and 1.33–1.41 for C-4, indicating an accelerating reaction at early stages. As the reaction progresses, a slower rate suggests diffusion becomes the dominant mechanism. This is further supported by the parameter m , which approaches -1, consistent with a transition to diffusion control.
A detailed analysis shows the model effectively captures both kinetic and diffusion behaviors, with the fitted parameters closely matching the D-3 model. However, unlike the pure diffusion Jander model ( n = -2/3 ), which shows weaker deceleration, the flexible model incorporates stronger acceleration and deceleration phases. This positions it as a modified Jander model that reflects both kinetic and diffusion influences.
While the Jander model emphasizes diffusion control, the flexible model highlights the interplay of chemical kinetics. Standard models like D1 and D2 lack deceleration terms, and D-4 includes only weak deceleration. The Jander model, although somewhat comparable, underrepresents the acceleration observed. Notably, none of the D1–D4 models account for the power-law behavior observed in this system ( n \approx 1.5 ), suggesting enhanced kinetics compared to classical diffusion-limited frameworks.
The derived non-linear approximation equation underscores the coexistence of kinetic and diffusion-controlled regimes, distinguishing this model from traditional approaches.”

Looking for one knowledgeable in modelling ANN for prediction using MATLAB
Which software is suitable for modeling anisotropic stress behavior of different rock variants during thermal heating? COMSOL/ABAQUS/ANSYS
If COMSOL, then which module should be proceeded with for 2D and 3D modeling of thermal and stress distribution in rock variants.
I am modeling the paddy crop suitability for future scenarios using RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 datasets. I have included soil, climate and topographical variables and also land use/ land cover (for the year 2023). Can I use this LULC (2023) for projecting paddy crop suitability under future scenarios? Though this LULC is an important variable in deciding the suitability, it is a dynamic variable also. can it be used for 2050 projection?
I want to estimate a model for an affordance perception and actualization dataset. Participants estimated their max overhead reaching height without jumping, their max jump height without reaching, and their max reach-while jumping height. They also performed these behaviors
My goal is to estimate a model (regression or otherwise) that predicts jump-while-reaching reports/behaviors as a function of jump-without-reach and reach-without-jump reports/behaviors. Any suggestions about how to estimate this model would be much appreciated. Thanks and happy sciencing!
I am modeling particle tracking in a smooth/rough fracture using the Particle Tracing Module in COMSOL, with fluid flow via a stationary study solved for Navier-Stokes equation. Despite setting "freeze" and "bounce" boundary conditions on the fracture walls, particles stick to the boundaries and follow the parabolic flow velocity, rather than exhibiting random motion. I also introduced Brownian forces by modeling the particles as nanoparticles besides drag and gravitational forces, but the behavior remained unchanged.
Does anyone have insights on why the particles adhere to the wall or suggestions for achieving realistic particle dynamics? Any advice would be greatly appreciated.
Hello folks, I want to find a simple model to simulate landslide. Do anyone know any software or open source written by python?
I Googled this question on November 24, 2024.
The AI Google answer was:
"No, allometric scaling is not the inverse of Galileo differential scaling, but rather a change that deviates from isometry."
I think the AI answer is wrong. Reasons are in various RG articles, such as
Suppose the AI Google answer were correct. Why would an organism deviate from isometry? Are there articles that support the deviation from isometry point of view?
In LLC Resonant converts i can apply in small signal modeling using Extended describing function (EDF) ? Why not applying for Average modeling in LLC resonant converters ?
How to perform structural equation modeling through machine learning?
I am a student at the University of Washington Bothell campus. I and two other students have joined one of our professors in the electrical engineering department for a research project and were tasked with getting a Celllink Inkredible+ bioprinter up and running and eventually print something useful. He kind of left it up to us to figure things out. The printer was given to the professor by one of his colleagues so there are some parts missing but most of it is intact. I was wondering what type of 3D modeling software is compatible with the device? I have downloaded the Slic3er and Repetier software packages but it looks like I need to get some actual modeling software too. I and the other students are fairly new to 3D printing and any help would be greatly appreciated thanks. Also if this is not the appropriate forum for this type of question would anyone know of a place that is?
When I have limited GFRP material properties, Are there any typical values or industry standards I can rely on for modeling the GFRP wrap in this case?

Dear colleagues, What do you think of these results obtained by modelling a selective surface for radiative cooling? The map is drawn for some regions in Europe and Africa and specifically in Algeria.
I am modelling a hyperelsatic and viscous material in ABAQUS. I have calculated the hyperelasticity parameters using curve fitting. Now, for viscoelasticity, I have stress relaxation results in terms of shear modulus variation with time. While inputting the data into Abaqus, you need two parameters G0 and Ginf along with the experimental results. So i think G0 is the shear modulus at the beginning of relaxation test and Ginf is defined based on hyperelastic parameter(2*C0 for Yeoh Or similar for other models)? Am I correct or else?
Please help me by sending the example or handout for conducting Meta-analytic structural equation modeling by imputing continuous or binary data.
I usually use R software.
Can someone point me in the right direction for export coefficients for modeling Pollutant modeling. Thanks in advance.
I need to design a trimer of scFv using an open chain monomer. I did this by modelling open chain of monomer followed by docking to form a closed structure. Issue is that I want to move VH or VL part of scFv so that it can form interactions in the form of a triangle.
Is there a way to move one part of a chain? Move VH while VL that is locked in place. Any software that can do move part within a molecule?
Molecule is a single chain, no breaks.
Can the CDP (Concrete Damage Plasticity) model or the Hashin Damage model be effectively used for modeling the behavior of engineered cementitious composites (ECC) in finite element analysis (FEA)? Additionally, what are the key factors that should be considered when choosing between these two damage models for accurately capturing the mechanical and damage characteristics of ECC, such as cracking, strain hardening, and failure modes?
if we are modeling a infectious disease via compartmental method and while fitting original historical data very nicely. we get negative parameters.! Means we fit original data nicely with the model data only with negative parameters, then is it ok or where the problem lies? if any one has got a idea please let me know. Thanks
I need some examples of HTS modeling
THANK YOU
I have read many research articles related to COVID-19 modelling. Some authors fitted real-time data with the COVID-19 proposed model. Which method are they are using to fit correctly?
Thank you so much for your attention.
Hi Everyone
It's been a while that I've been trying to model a Concrete beam for bending test but the more I study about Concrete damage plasticity, the more I get confused.
I have read articles and watched videos but still can't calculate CDP parameters. Can anyone help me how to obtain compression and tension behaviour and its damage parameters?
Thanks
Best Regards.
Can I employ the GMM modeling for N=15, and T=5? And shall I use the estimates for the short run impact only, or the long as well?
Hello.
I'd like to model a blood flow inside a vein that is affected by external magnetic field on COMSOL.
For now, I know that i will be using laminar flow and magnetic fields module.
Is there any tutorial or beneficial source to learn how to do it?
Thanks
Hello!
i’m trying to model a portal frame with a tmd attached to it in ABAQUS , subject to seismic excitation. It would be a great help if anyone could provide a step by step guidance in doing so
Recently our team published a Plug-in for modeling of 3D RVE of unidirectional composites. You can check it in the following links:
We appreciate it if respected researchers and users let us know their idea about required features and options that should be added in future versions of this plug-in.
Usually, additive manufacturing techniques like SEBM/SLS/SLM are used for interconnected porous structure generation of >100-200 micrometer. Is it possible to use Fused deposition modeling (FDM) for the same purpose?
Hi all,
I am a new PhD student working on modelling Zn-air batteries and I am new to modelling for batteries. I am reading all these battery models and research papers for contiuum model for batteries such as P2D and other models and most of the models are based on constant current discharge/charge models. Now, my research question is to model a battery for a constant resistance and I am not able to find any for that. Why is constant current discharge curves so much more prominent in battery modelling and what resources should I be looking at for constant resistance case? I appreciate any kind of help in understanding the system and any direction. Thanks!
PS. the battery I have will not be tested in constant current discharge experimental set up and instead is a constant resistance one.
Which software use to analysis the drought or software use in modeling drought?
Hi, I'm trying to use *MAT_77_H on LS-DYNA to modeling a sort of viscoelastic material, but i'm not familiar with the material type itself. What parameters do I need to enter for a Mooney-Rivlin & Maxwell viscoelastic material? Especially I read an article using 77_H and didn't figure out where to input the parameter G0 for viscosity.
Thanks for any reply.
How to use energy flexibility in inventory modeling?
CO2 Sequestration [Thermodynamics; Super-Critical CO2; Critical Temperature; Critical Pressure]
1. When will the injected super-critical CO2 tend to approach its critical temperature (where, the properties of gaseous and liquid phase CO2 gets converged; resulting in only one phase @ critical point; and thereby becoming a homogeneous super-critical CO2 – as the heat of vaporization remains to be zero @ & beyond the critical)?
2. Can we expect the temperature of the injected super-critical CO2,
into the aquifer, to reach above the critical temperature @ any point
(where, CO2 gets modified to a solid form with sufficient pressure,
even though, CO2 cannot get translated into its liquid form with increased pressure)?
3. How would we go about modeling the space- and time-dependent nature of CO2’s physical properties, if they, keep on oscillating between gaseous-phase properties and liquid-phase properties
(for example, the density of super-critical CO2 tending to approach to that of the in-situ brine; viscosity of CO2 remaining similar to the actual CO2’s gaseous nature; while the diffusivity of CO2 keep oscillating between its respective gaseous- and liquid-states.)?
4. What is the physical significance of having an elevated thermal conductivity of super-critical CO2 – near its critical point?
5. Since, @ nearer to the critical point, CO2 is going to physically behave more like a gas, and, very less like a liquid, whether the surface tension of CO2 would tend to approach zero?
6. When could we expect the pressure of the injected super-critical CO2
to reach above its critical point, where, the relative permeability of CO2 is expected to have a very steep gradient with pressure
(associated with a high sensitivity on the density of CO2)?
7. If the solubility changes and mass transfer ratios of CO2
remain to be very critical – nearer its critical point, then,
how exactly, will we able to deduce the rate of dissolution of CO2
at the interface between top CO2 layer and
its underlying formation brine layer?
Will we be able to capture the thickness of
the newly developed interface layer
(in between top layer with CO2; and
bottom layer with initial in-situ brine)
that remains relatively heavier
than both initial CO2 gas and original in-situ brine?
Under such circumstances, would it remain feasible
to distinguish between convective dissolution and diffusive dissolution
that remains to be a complex of – not only, on the injected super-critical CO2, but also, on the nature aquifer rock properties and
aquifer’s slope and bedding inconfirmity?
Suresh Kumar Govindarajan
Professor (HAG) IIT-Madras
04-August-2024
Hi,
I am trying to model the transient response of a free-free beam (unconstrained) in ABAQUS, where the force is applied through a spring. I am using a two point spring where one end is connected to the beam and the other a reference point, the force is applied to this reference point.
When i visualise the results the spring is showing no results (white) even though I requested the the node set of the reference point.
The beam response is the same as it was without the spring no matter the choice of spring stiffness selected. So i assume the spring is incorrectly modelled.
Have i made a mistake when modelling the spring?

In the field of materials science, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) opens up exciting new possibilities. Here are some important and relevant questions a researcher should consider:
General Questions
- What are the main objectives of using AI in my research?Identify specific areas where AI can bring significant improvements.
- What types of data are needed to train AI models?Assess the availability and quality of experimental and theoretical data.
- Which AI algorithms are best suited to my needs?Compare different machine learning techniques, such as neural networks, random forests, etc.
Questions Specific to Materials Science
- How can AI accelerate the discovery of new materials?Examine successful use cases, such as the prediction of crystal structures.
- What are the challenges of integrating AI into research and development processes?Identify technical and organizational obstacles.
- How to validate the predictions made by AI models?Implement experimental protocols to test predicted materials.
Questions on Innovation and Development
- How can AI be used to optimize the properties of existing materials?Explore modeling and simulation techniques to improve material performance.
- What are the economic and environmental impacts of using AI in materials science?Evaluate potential benefits in terms of cost and sustainability.
- How to collaborate effectively with experts in AI and materials science?Foster interdisciplinary partnerships to maximize synergies.
These questions can help guide research and maximize the impact of AI in the field of materials.
Hi Everyone,
I am modelling the compresion test for auxetic structure. In order to perform a realistic analysis, I need to define contact for each cell faces. However, Abaqus gives error when I try to use general contact algorithm. Do you have any suggestions or idea about this issue? Thank you very much for your help,
Regards,

2024 5th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing(ICAMIM 2024), which is to be held in Guangzhou, China, from November 01-03, 2024.
Conference Website: https://ais.cn/u/v6ve6r
---Call for papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
◕ Advanced materials
01) Non-ferrous metal materials
02) Steel polymer material
03) Composites
04) Micro/nano materials
05) Optical/electronic/magnetic materials
06) New feature materials
◕ Intelligent manufacturing
01) Biomimicry mechanisms
02) Integrated manufacturing systems
03) Industrial and manufacturing systems analysis and decision-making
04) Digital manufacturing
05) Modeling and design
06) Intelligent systems
07) Intelligent mechatronics
08) Micromachining technology
09) Advanced manufacturing technology
---Publication---
All papers, both invited and contributed, will be reviewed by two or three experts from the committees. After a careful reviewing process, all accepted papers of ICAMIM 2024 will be published in the Journal Of physics: Conference Series (ISSN:1742-6596), and it will be submitted to EI Compendex and Scopus for indexing.
---Important Dates---
Full Paper Submission Date: October 30, 2024
Registration Deadline: November 1, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: November 10, 2024
Conference Dates: November 01-03, 2024
--- Paper Submission---
Please send the full paper(word+pdf) to Submission System:

Hi,
I need to know and possibly find a reference about When and by Which author the hexagon shape was first introduced to represent a composite (emergent variable) in Structural Equations Modeling.
my thanks
I'm currently working on a project involving group-based trajectory modelling and am seeking advice on handling multi-level factors within this context. Specifically, I'm interested in understanding the following:
- Multi-Level Factors in Trajectory Modelling: How can multi-level factors (e.g., individual-level and group-level variables) be effectively addressed in group-based trajectory modelling? Are there specific methods or best practices recommended for incorporating these factors?
- Flexmix Package: I’ve come across the Flexmix package in R, which supports flexible mixture modelling. How can this package be utilised to handle multi-level factors in trajectory modelling? Are there specific advantages or limitations of using Flexmix compared to other methods?
- Comparison with Other Approaches: In what scenarios would you recommend using Flexmix over other trajectory modelling approaches like LCMM, TRAJ, or GBTM? How do these methods compare in terms of handling multi-level data and providing accurate trajectory classifications?
- Adjusting for Covariates: When identifying initial trajectories (e.g., highly adherent, moderately adherent, low adherent), is it necessary to adjust for covariates such as age, sex, and socioeconomic status (SES)? Or is focusing on adherence levels at each time point sufficient for accurate trajectory identification? What are the best practices for incorporating these covariates into the modelling process?
Any insights, experiences, or references to relevant literature would be greatly appreciated!
I am using apparent heat method for simulation
Good day,
I am trying to model the GABA A receptor, with different subunits. I selected the templates with the highest percent of identity, but as a result of the modeling I got a protein with only one subunit. Could you advise me please what are the features of multi-subunit protein modeling?
Thank you
I don't have access to daily precipitation. Can I use monthly precipitation for running the HEC-HMS model?
Let me know your expertise in Hec-HMS modeling.
Thank you in advance for your kind help.
I need some one to help in modelling an astrophysics hypothesis.
Call WahtsApp 00962777526193
email: aimanr@yahoo.com
Greeting ResearchGate
I am a PhD Research Scholar, working on the modeling and simulation of microwave processing using COMSOL Multiphysics 6.0. How to ascertain that a material/specimen has melted in the analytical assembly modeled in COMSOL? Additionally, how can we visualize this melting of a material/specimen in the same?
Thank you
Modeling of different operating parameters for contamination removal by AOPs
What sample size would be most suitable for a structural equation modeling study to achieve reliable and generalizable results?
Hello everybody !
I am working on a medium size organic molecule (around 40 atoms) and I try to check the presence of a conical intersection between S1 and S0. I used DFT and TD-DFT to compute the PES of S0 and S1 in my molecule along different modes and motions but for now no conical intersection was identified.
Do you think it would be a possible and interesting approach to use TD-DFT/MD simulation to start from the S1 optimized geometry and apply temperature to check the evolution of the geometry in the S1 state of the molecule in time ? Will it go back to the S0 optimized geometry in the case of an easy accessible conical intersection ?
Thank you for any help you may provide and for your interesting comments about it.
While doing micro-modelling of Brick masonry in ABAQUS, I am using Dynamic Explicit step for the analysis. What will the best option for the time period while using the same?
Hello everyone, I have some question to discuss with you, looking forward your help!
1, As we can use phase modelling method to estimate the melt vol% of a rock by its bulk composition, can we use the estimated result to link the real sample' melt content?
2, Do you have any methods to estimate the melt vol% in the migmatite through petrographic observation, hand sample or even the field observation?
Hello everyone. Please tell me how to make sure that when the curvature changes, the length of the segment remains constant? I'm modeling a patch antenna that I wrap around a cylinder. The antenna length (285 mm) is correct if there is no bend, but the dimensions change when bending (360 mm).


If you are interested in learning system modelling and how it is an important tool for tackling environmental challenges you can join my course here:
last day for registration April 15, 2024.
Regards
Can we stop global climate change? Does human scientific power reach the world's climate change? How do researchers respond?
As you know, humans are very intelligent and can predict the future climate of the world with hydrology, climatology and paleontology. But don't countries, especially industrialized countries, that produce the most harmful gases in the earth's atmosphere and think about the future of the earth's atmosphere? Do they listen to the research of climatologists? What would have to happen to force them to listen to climate scientists?
Miloud Chakit added a reply
Climate change is an important and complex global challenge, and scientific theories about it are based on extensive research and evidence. The future path of the world depends on various factors including human actions, political decisions and international cooperation.
Efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change continue. While complete reversal may be challenging, important steps can be taken to slow progression and lessen its effects. This requires global cooperation, sustainable practices and the development and implementation of clean energy technologies.
Human scientific abilities play an important role, but dealing with climate change also requires social, economic and political changes. The goal is to limit global warming and its associated impacts, and collective action at the local, national, and international levels is essential for a more sustainable future.
Reply to this discussion
Osama Bahnas added a reply
It is impossible to stop global climate change. The human scientific power can not reach the world's climate change.
Borys Kapochkin added a reply
Mathematical models of increasing planetary temperature as a function of the argument - anthropogenic influence - are erroneous.
Alastair Bain McDonald added a reply
We could stop climate change but we won't! We have the scientific knowldge but not the political will. One could blame Russia and China from refusing to cooperate but half the population of the USA (Republicans) deny climate change is a problem and prefer their profligate life styles reply:
All climate change has been loaded on the CO2 responsible for the greenhouse effect. Therefore, there must be scientific experiments from several independent scientific institutes worldwide to find out what the greenhouse impact is on various CO2 concentrations. Then, there must be a conference from a reliable, professional organization with the participation of all independent scientific institutions to establish standards on CO2 concentrations and propose political actions accordingly.
The second action that can be done is to plant as many trees and plants as possible to breathe the CO2 and free the oxygen. Stop any deforestation and plant trees immediately in any bunt areas.
Reply to this discussion
Effect of Injecting Hydrogen Peroxide into Heavy Clay Loam Soil on Plant Water Status, NET CO2 Assimilation, Biomass, and Vascular Anatomy of Avocado Trees
In Chile, avocado (Persea americana Mill.) orchards are often located in poorly drained, low-oxygen soils, situation which limits fruit production and quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of injecting soil with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a source of molecular oxygen, on plant water status, net CO2 assimilation, biomass and anatomy of avocado trees set in clay loam soil with water content maintained at field capacity. Three-year-old ‘Hass’ avocado trees were planted outdoors in containers filled with heavy loam clay soil with moisture content sustained at field capacity. Plants were divided into two treatments, (a) H2O2 injected into the soil through subsurface drip irrigation and (b) soil with no H2O2 added (control). Stem and root vascular anatomical characteristics were determined for plants in each treatment in addition to physical soil characteristics, net CO2 assimilation (A), transpiration (T), stomatal conductance (gs), stem water potential (SWP), shoot and root biomass, water use efficiency (plant biomass per water applied [WUEb]). Injecting H2O2 into the soil significantly increased the biomass of the aerial portions of the plant and WUEb, but had no significant effect on measured A, T, gs, or SWP. Xylem vessel diameter and xylem/phloem ratio tended to be greater for trees in soil injected with H2O2 than for controls. The increased biomass of the aerial portions of plants in treated soil indicates that injecting H2O2 into heavy loam clay soils may be a useful management tool in poorly aerated soil.
Shade trees reduce building energy use and CO2 emissions from power plants
Urban shade trees offer significant benefits in reducing building air-conditioning demand and improving urban air quality by reducing smog. The savings associated with these benefits vary by climate region and can be up to $200 per tree. The cost of planting trees and maintaining them can vary from $10 to $500 per tree. Tree-planting programs can be designed to have lower costs so that they offer potential savings to communities that plant trees. Our calculations suggest that urban trees play a major role in sequestering CO2 and thereby delay global warming. We estimate that a tree planted in Los Angeles avoids the combustion of 18 kg of carbon annually, even though it sequesters only 4.5-11 kg (as it would if growing in a forest). In this sense, one shade tree in Los Angeles is equivalent to three to five forest trees. In a recent analysis for Baton Rouge, Sacramento, and Salt Lake City, we estimated that planting an average of four shade trees per house (each with a top view cross section of 50 m2) would lead to an annual reduction in carbon emissions from power plants of 16,000, 41,000, and 9000 t, respectively (the per-tree reduction in carbon emissions is about 10-11 kg per year). These reductions only account for the direct reduction in the net cooling- and heating-energy use of buildings. Once the impact of the community cooling is included, these savings are increased by at least 25%.
Can Moisture-Indicating Understory Plants Be Used to Predict Survivorship of Large Lodgepole Pine Trees During Severe Outbreaks of Mountain Pine Beetle?
Why do some mature lodgepole pines survive mountain pine beetle outbreaks while most are killed? Here we test the hypothesis that mature trees growing in sites with vascular plant indicators of high relative soil moisture are more likely to survive mountain pine beetle outbreaks than mature trees associated with indicators of lower relative soil moisture. Working in the Clearwater Valley of south central British Columbia, we inventoried understory plants growing near large-diameter and small-diameter survivors and nonsurvivors of a mountain pine beetle outbreak in the mid-2000s. When key understory species were ranked according to their accepted soil moisture indicator value, a significant positive correlation was found between survivorship in large-diameter pine and inferred relative high soil moisture status—a finding consistent with the well-documented importance of soil moisture in the mobilization of defense compounds in lodgepole pine. We suggest that indicators of soil moisture may be useful in predicting the survival of large pine trees in future pine beetle outbreaks. Study Implications: A recent outbreak of the mountain pine beetle resulted in unprecedented levels of lodgepole pine mortality across southern inland British Columbia. Here, we use moisture-dependent understory plants to show that large lodgepole pine trees growing in sites with high relative moisture are more likely than similar trees in drier sites to survive severe outbreaks of mountain pine beetle—a finding that may be related to a superior ability to mobilize chemical defense compounds compared with drought-stressed trees.
Can Functional Traits Explain Plant Coexistence? A Case Study with Tropical Lianas and Trees
Organisms are adapted to their environment through a suite of anatomical, morphological, and physiological traits. These functional traits are commonly thought to determine an organism’s tolerance to environmental conditions. However, the differences in functional traits among co-occurring species, and whether trait differences mediate competition and coexistence is still poorly understood. Here we review studies comparing functional traits in two co-occurring tropical woody plant guilds, lianas and trees, to understand whether competing plant guilds differ in functional traits and how these differences may help to explain tropical woody plant coexistence. We examined 36 separate studies that compared a total of 140 different functional traits of co-occurring lianas and trees. We conducted a meta-analysis for ten of these functional traits, those that were present in at least five studies. We found that the mean trait value between lianas and trees differed significantly in four of the ten functional traits. Lianas differed from trees mainly in functional traits related to a faster resource acquisition life history strategy. However, the lack of difference in the remaining six functional traits indicates that lianas are not restricted to the fast end of the plant life–history continuum. Differences in functional traits between lianas and trees suggest these plant guilds may coexist in tropical forests by specializing in different life–history strategies, but there is still a significant overlap in the life–history strategies between these two competing guilds.
The use of operator action event trees to improve plant-specific emergency operating procedures
Even with plant standardization and generic emergency procedure guidelines (EPGs), there are sufficient dissimilarities in nuclear power plants that implementation of the guidelines at each plant must be performed in a manner that ensures consideration of plant-specific design features and operating characteristics. The use of operator action event tress (OAETs) results in identification of key features unique to each plant and yields insights into accident prevention and mitigation that can be factored into plant-specific emergency procedures. Operator action event trees were developed as a logical extension of the event trees developed during probabilistic risk analyses. The dominant accident sequences developed from a plant-specific probabilistic risk assessment represent the utility's best understanding of the most likely combination of events that must occur to create a situation in which core cooling is threatened or significant releases occur. It is desirable that emergency operating procedures (EOPs) provide adequate guidance leading to appropriate operator actions for these sequences. The OAETs provide a structured approach for assuring that the EOPs address these situations.
Plant and Wood Area Index of Solitary Trees for Urban Contexts in Nordic Cities
Background: We present the plant area index (PAI) measurements taken for 63 deciduous broadleaved tree species and 1 deciduous conifer tree species suitable for urban areas in Nordic cities. The aim was to evaluate PAI and wood area index (WAI) of solitary-grown broadleaved tree species and cultivars of the same age in order to present a data resource of individual tree characteristics viewed in summer (PAI) and in winter (WAI). Methods: All trees were planted as individuals in 2001 at the Hørsholm Arboretum in Denmark. The field method included a Digital Plant Canopy Imager where each scan and contrast values were set to consistent values. Results: The results illustrate that solitary trees differ widely in their WAI and PAI and reflect the integrated effects of leaf material and the woody component of tree crowns. The indications also show highly significant (P < 0.001) differences between species and genotypes. The WAI had an overall mean of 0.91 (± 0.03), ranging from Tilia platyphyllos ‘Orebro’ with a WAI of 0.32 (± 0.04) to Carpinus betulus ‘Fastigiata’ with a WAI of 1.94 (± 0.09). The lowest mean PAI in the dataset was Fraxinus angustifolia ‘Raywood’ with a PAI of 1.93 (± 0.05), whereas Acer campestre ‘Kuglennar’ represents the cultivar with the largest PAI of 8.15 (± 0.14). Conclusions: Understanding how this variation in crown architectural structure changes over the year can be applied to climate responsive design and microclimate modeling where plant and wood area index of solitary-grown trees in urban contexts are of interest.
Do Exotic Trees Threaten Southern Arid Areas of Tunisia? A Case Study Indian Journal of Ecology (2020) 00(0): 000-000 Plant-plant interactions
an afforested steppe planted This study was conducted in with aims to compare the effects of exotic and native Stipa tenacissima trees (and , respectively) on the understory vegetation and soil properties. For each tree species, two sub-Acacia salicina Pinus halepensis habitats were distinguished: the canopied sub-habitat (under the tree crown) and the un-canopied sub-habitat (open grassland). Soil moisture was measured in both sub-habitats at 10 cm depth. In parallel to soil moisture, investigated the effect of tree species on soil fertility. Soil samples were collected from the upper 10 cm soil, excluding litter and stones. The nutrient status of soil (organic matter, total N, extractable P) was significantly higher under compared to and open areas. This tendency remained constant with the soil water A. salicina P. halepensis content which was significantly higher under trees compared to open sub-habitats. For water content, there were no significant differences between studied trees. Total plant cover, species richness and the density of perennial species were significantly higher under the exotic species compared to other sub-habitats. Among the two tree species, had the strongest positive effect on the understory Acacia salicina vegetation. It seems to be more useful as a restoration tool in arid areas and more suitable to create islands of resources and foster succession than the other investigated tree species.
Effects of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 on Microbial Community Structure at the Plant-Soil Interface of Young Beech Trees (Fagus sylvatica L.) Grown at Two Sites with Contrasting Climatic Conditions
Soil microbial community responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (eCO2) occur mainly indirectly via CO2-induced plant growth stimulation leading to quantitative as well as qualitative changes in rhizodeposition and plant litter. In order to gain insight into short-term, site-specific effects of eCO2 on the microbial community structure at the plant-soil interface, young beech trees (Fagus sylvatica L.) from two opposing mountainous slopes with contrasting climatic conditions were incubated under ambient (360 ppm) CO2 concentrations in a greenhouse. One week before harvest, half of the trees were incubated for 2 days under eCO2 (1,100 ppm) conditions. Shifts in the microbial community structure in the adhering soil as well as in the root rhizosphere complex (RRC) were investigated via TRFLP and 454 pyrosequencing based on 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. Multivariate analysis of the community profiles showed clear changes of microbial community structure between plants grown under ambient and elevated CO2 mainly in RRC. Both TRFLP and 454 pyrosequencing showed a significant decrease in the microbial diversity and evenness as a response of CO2 enrichment. While Alphaproteobacteria dominated by Rhizobiales decreased at eCO2, Betaproteobacteria, mainly Burkholderiales, remained unaffected. In contrast, Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria, predominated by Pseudomonadales and Myxococcales, respectively, increased at eCO2. Members of the order Actinomycetales increased, whereas within the phylum Acidobacteria subgroup Gp1 decreased, and the subgroups Gp4 and Gp6 increased under atmospheric CO2 enrichment. Moreover, Planctomycetes and Firmicutes, mainly members of Bacilli, increased under eCO2. Overall, the effect intensity of eCO2 on soil microbial communities was dependent on the distance to the roots. This effect was consistent for all trees under investigation; a site-specific effect of eCO2 in response to the origin of the trees was not observed.
Reply to this discussion
Michael Senteza added a reply:
We have to separate science from business and politics in the first place , before we can adequately discuss the resolution of this global challenge .
The considerations to global warming can be logically broken down in the following
1. What are the factors that have affected the earths climate over the last million years ? 100,000 years , 10,000 years and 1,000 years .
2. Observations , the climatic changes , formations , and archaeological data to support the changes
3. The actualities of the earth dynamics , for example we know that approx 2/3 of the earth is water and we also know that of the 1/3 we have approximately 60% un inhabitable , and the 40% habitable has approximately 10% who contribute to the alleged pollution , where for example as of 2022 (https://www.whichcar.com.au/news/how-many-cars-are-there-in-the-world) The US had 290 Million cars compared to Africa (50+ Countries ) 26 Million cars the EU (33 + countries ) 413 million cars then Asia pacific with 543 Million cars ( with a population of close to 2 billion ) . We estimate that as of may there are 1.45 billion cars . this means that North America , Western Europe and Asia pacific combined have approx 1.3 billion cars , and yet close to 70% of vegetation cover and forest space is concentrated in africa , south america , northern europe and canada. we need to analyse this
4. We need to also analyse the actualities of the cause separating factors outside our reach , for example global worming as opposed to climate change . We know that climate change which has been geologically and scientifically observed to have been the reason things like Oil came into place , species became extinct and other formations created . We need to realise that a fair share of changes in climate (which some times may be confused with global worming ) have been due to changes in the earth's rotation , axis and orbit around the sun . These are factors that greatly affect the distribution of the sun's radiation on to the surface of the earth and the atmospheric impact , them make consideration of how much we produce , the dispersion rate , natural chemical balances and volumetric analysis of concentration , assimilation and alteration of elements .
5. The extent to which non scientific factors are contributing to attenuating strength of scientific argument . It is not uncommon to have politicians alter the rhetoric to serve their agenda , however it's even worse when the sponsors of the scientific research are intent on achieving specific goals and not facts .
In conclusion humans are intelligent enough to either end of mitigation the impact of global worming if it can be detached from capitalism and politics . Science can and will provide answers
Sunil Deshpande added a reply:
World‘s scientific power is doing its best to stop the global climate change. For example , alternatives to Petrol, cement, plastic are already identified and once they are consumed by many, it will have a positive impact to stop the climate change. However, to my mind, its not sufficient unless citizen of every country also contribute in his own way to stop climate change such as stopping the use of plastic, use of electric car against Petrol, stopping the engine of car at traffic signal. It should become a global movement to protect the climate.
I am learning microstructure modeling and also looking for some resources and opensource software to start with.
I'm currently doing my thesis which uses structural equation modeling for longitudinal data. Is it normal for a model to have 0 RMSEA, Test Statistic, Degrees of Freedom, and p-value? What does that represents in sem.

The value of the average RMSE in my study is 0.523 for training data and 0.514 for testing. I have used 90% data for training and 10% for testing. However I am getting higher RMSE average, is this acceptable? and any study available to cite RMSE average optimum limit?
I have done a stress-strain test and it looks like the picture attached. However, in here, I only have upper and lower plateau stresses.
In Auricchio's model for the superelastic behavior of nitinol material, four parameters and constant are required to model the behavior. How can I extract these parameters from my test?
What I have from my test: upper plateau stress, lower plateau stress, elongation, residual elongation
What I need for the modeling: Sigma_s and Sigma_f for both forward and reverse phase transformations (four constants as shown in the attached picture), residual strain.



Hello everyone,
I am facing an issue with Abaqus and parallel computing. I am using VUHARD subroutine with COMMON block and VEXTERNALDB. But I am using different results using different number of cores. I am starting each analysis with same microstructure and same subroutine just with different number of cores. The results seem to show triangles where calculations seems to be happening. For example, in the attached document, I start with an initial microstructure with 10,000 elements and I run it with cpus=4, 8, 12. I get different results. Could someone please explain what could be going on? And how can I achieve analysis of the full model?
Thanks,
Akanksha
In an area or region where there are inadequate Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS), how can one use GIS based techniques such as Multi - Criteria Decision modelling to analyze site suitability for the establishment of more CORS within the region so as to achieve optimal CORS network coverage? Thank you.
Hello
I'm learning camsol. I studied the mathematical particle tracking method used for modeling in turbomolecular pumps, and I can model a single-stage rotor, but I can not model a single-stage rotor and stator.
Can you guide me, please?
thanks
maryam
2024 5th International Conference on Mechatronics Technology and Intelligent Manufacturing (ICMTIM 2024) will be held in Nanjing, China on April 26-28, 2024.
ICMTIM 2024 will be held once a year, aiming to bring scholars, experts, researchers and technicians in the academic fields of "mechatronics" and "intelligent manufacturing" together into an academic exchange platform, and provide a platform to share scientific research results, cutting-edge technologies, understand academic development trends, broaden research ideas, and strengthen academic research and discussion.
---Call For Papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
TRACK 1: Mechatronics Technology
· Mechatronics Control
· Sensors and Actuators
· 3D Printing Technologies
· Intelligent control
· Motion Control
......
TRACK 2:Intelligent Manufacturing
· Modeling and Design
· Intelligent Systems
· Intelligent mechatronics
· Micro-Machining Technology
· Sustainable Production
......
All papers, both invited and contributed, the accepted papers, will be published and submitted for inclusion into IEEE Xplore subject to meeting IEEE Xplore’s scope and quality requirements, and also submitted to EI Compendex and Scopus for indexing. All conference proceedings paper can not be less than 4 pages.
Important Dates:
Full Paper Submission Date: February 10, 2024
Registration Deadline: March 10, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: March 25, 2024
Conference Dates: April 26-28, 2024
For More Details please visit:


Hi, I am looking into modeling of polymer dynamics using a combination of Rouse and spring-dashpot modeling. Is it possible? If yes, can anyone refer me to some good repository?
2024 5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Electromechanical Automation (AIEA 2024) will be held in Shenzhen, China, from June 14 to 16, 2024.
---Call For Papers---
The topics of interest for submission include, but are not limited to:
(1) Artificial Intelligence
- Intelligent Control
- Machine learning
- Modeling and identification
......
(2) Sensor
- Sensor/Actuator Systems
- Wireless Sensors and Sensor Networks
- Intelligent Sensor and Soft Sensor
......
(3) Control Theory And Application
- Control System Modeling
- Intelligent Optimization Algorithm and Application
- Man-Machine Interactions
......
(4) Material science and Technology in Manufacturing
- Artificial Material
- Forming and Joining
- Novel Material Fabrication
......
(5) Mechanic Manufacturing System and Automation
- Manufacturing Process Simulation
- CIMS and Manufacturing System
- Mechanical and Liquid Flow Dynamic
......
All accepted papers will be published in the Conference Proceedings, which will be submitted for indexing by EI Compendex, Scopus.
Important Dates:
Full Paper Submission Date: April 1, 2024
Registration Deadline: May 31, 2024
Final Paper Submission Date: May 14, 2024
Conference Dates: June 14-16, 2024
For More Details please visit:
Invitation code: AISCONF
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I begin scientific inquiry by somewhat philosophizing. Science approximately derives from philosophy. Engineering is roughly derived from science.
Please, if you could recommend any books or journals on TBC modeling to me, that would be greatly appreciated.
i am trying to make a GUI interface for my modelings but a syntax error are emerged.
how can i solve this error?
GUI codes are attached...
Most of the researchers concerned with analytical study or numerical study use ANSYS for the FE Modeling. The awareness about NASTRAN is low. What may be the reason and Why?
Modelling a phenomena has been a great interest for researchers. The question came to me, how can we model a floc growth during coagulation-flocculation process. Many studies reported floc growth using the approach of population balance model and fractal dimension, such as recent study by Moruzzi et al ( ). However, I haven't seen any other approach such as modelling floc as a growing sphere. Can anyone share their thoughts and expertise regarding this matter?
I am investigating the impact of pretension effect around circular tunnels. How can I do my own modeling?
1- I want to excavate a tunnel.
2- I want to put a rock bolt or cable bolt in the hole
3- Apply grout or resin to the end of reinforcement element
4- After that, I put the element under pre-tension force and pull it out
Please write the software commands that are needed for this modeling
I'm modeling the habitat suitability of a species. I know that you can project the model to future scenarios when setting up the modeling, but can you project your maxent model to future scenarios after the modeling is complete?
I am modeling an underground structure with fixed support conditions around the exterior walls. I would like to apply different ground acceleration time history data into specific nodes (joints) of the structure. Is this possible in SAP 2000? I would appreciate any guidelines. Thank you very much!