Middle East - Science topic

This book provides an overview of research and best practices associated with heritage tourism, with a particular focus on Vietnam, in conversation with heritage tourism in other Asian contexts. These include Iran in the Middle East, Sri Lanka in South Asia, Japan and China in East Asia, Thailand in Southeast Asia, and Brunei and the Philippines in...

BACKGROUND Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a breakthrough procedure for patients with hematological and oncological conditions, particularly when all other treatments fail. Its indications vary between patients and settings, and its outcomes depend on the donor type, transplantation facility, and center expertise. In countries where transplant...

To meet global carbon emissions reduction targets we need to adopt sustainable construction practices and transition toward a Circular Economy (CE). The present paper proposes a combination of CE-focused technologies, Circular Building Adaptability (CBA), Open Building (OB) and Mass Timber Construction (MTC) working in concert to support emissions...

Tattooing within Indigenous communities is a time-honored practice that binds the tattoo recipient to a deeply felt collective history. More than mere decoration, tattoos are a visual language of the skin, embodying cultural values, ancestral ties, and spiritual beliefs. Indigenous Tattoo Traditions captures ancient tribal tattooing practices and t...

Dear Colleagues, We are pleased to circulate the CfP of this international reference book (BRILL, 2026, open access). This encyclopedic project covers varieties of cosmopolitanism rooted in different traditions of thoughts (in the West, in Europe, in the Mediterranean area, in the Islam World and the Middle East, in the East and South Asia, in Su...

Key points: • A correlation analysis was carried out between Egyptian observatories and global INTERMAGNET observatories employing a range of methodologies. • Significant correlations were observed between the Egyptian and INTERMAGNET observatories; however, these correlations were diminished at higher latitudes due to the dynamics of the magnetosp...

This article examines the relationship between income inequalities and attitudes toward them in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa (MENA) regions, representing the world's most equal and unequal regions. Utilizing data from the joint European Values Survey - World Values Survey, World Income Inequality Database, and the Standardized World In...

The prevailing ecological deficit is devastating the ecosystem which is leading toward the unsustainability by endangering the livings on earth. The important drivers of this environment degradation are natural resources depletion, financial development and the economic growth which are investigated to test their impact on ecological footprints. Th...

The research aims to discuss and analyze the major motives and the strategic approaches of China's BRI and US Indo-Pacific strategy in their geo-politics of contestation to shape the global world order and regional dynamics. The BRI's central focus is on investment projects, economic cooperation, integration and connectivity among major continents...

This paper investigates real-time monitoring and alert systems to enhance pharmaceutical traceability and patient safety, focusing on the impact of the Internet of Things, the blockchain, and machine learning. It also examines the lack of these systems in the Middle East. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses...

The escalation of the Israel-Hezbollah conflict in September 2024 has displaced over a million people within Lebanon, including Lebanese citizens, Syrian and Palestinian refugees, and migrant workers. Simultaneously, an estimated 400,000 individuals have fled Lebanon into Syria, marking a significant reversal of established displacement patterns. T...

The empirical study of children’s cognitive and evaluative reception of viewing dubbed versus subtitled animated films in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) remains largely unexplored in academic circles, with few existing discussions often relying on purely speculative assumptions. To address this issue, we conducted a qualitative study to explore the c...

This article examines China’s soft power strategy in the MENA region, which I argue are qualitatively unsubstantial, quantitatively limited, and inherently selective. As part of its broader aspirations to become a/the leading global power, China seeks to enhance its soft power. However, its efforts in this domain across the region primarily focus o...

To show the feasibility of performing human telesurgery robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) between two countries using low-latency ultra-long-distance connectivity. This study described the outcomes of performing RARP on a man in his 60’s with localized intermediate-risk prostatic adenocarcinoma located in Kuwait City while the surgeon (...

Dear Readers,‎ I am proud to bring to you the latest edition of the FORTNIGHTLY, a review of Middle East business, ‎developments and news, for the period ending 12 March 2025.‎ Some highlights of this issue include the following:‎ ‎1.5.‎ NYPA & Phinergy Develop Green Energy Alternative to Emergency Generators ‎3.6.‎ Saudi Arabia Invests $30 Mil...

Background AI can improve medical practice, address staff shortages, and enhance diagnostic efficiency. The ChatGPT of Open AI, launched in 2022, uses AI in medical education. However, the long-term impact is uncertain, and integration varies globally, particularly in the Middle East. Aim To explore the knowledge, practices, and attitudes of nursi...

Subtropical arid regions face challenges such as high temperatures, poor soil fertility, and saline soils and water. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is well-suited for these areas, particularly in the Middle East and North Africa, where it is cultivated with saline irrigation. This study evaluated the seed yield and quality of eleven quinoa geno...

Atıf Bilgisi Aktürk, O. (2025). Filistin ve Gazze bağlamında Osmanlı ve kapitalist iktisat paradigmalarının Orta Doğu'ya yansımaları. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 11(Özel Sayı), 203-222. ÖZ Günümüz Orta Doğu'sunu teşkil eden Filistin, Suriye ve diğer devletlerin yaşadığı siyasi ve iktisadi sorunların bütüncül bir perspe...

A series of international crises had gripped the world. In the turmoil, a radical Islamist group had taken 9,000 hostages, and threatened them with summary execution. The outcome was a tense, high-wire negotiation in which control changed suddenly, but the hostages were finally released, and tactical genius garnered near-universal acclaim. Unfortun...

This paper examines the impact of foreign direct investment on unemployment in the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region from 2011 to 2021. To achieve this, the study employed fixed effect and random effect estimators. The findings reveal that FDI, GDP growth, and population growth have negative coefficients and a significant impact on unemplo...

Turkey is once again weaponizing the Kurdish issue to assert its regional dominance, using Abdullah Öcalan as a key bargaining chip. By pressuring Öcalan to advocate for Kurdish disarmament, Ankara aims to dismantle Kurdish autonomy in Syria and beyond. However, this strategy is not about reconciliation but about preserving Turkey’s century-old pol...

The international environment, characterized by a large number of disturbances and security shortages of all aspects, force people around the world to flee their countries of origin. This large number of newcomers raises the important question of local community attitudes and perceptions. Data has shown that migration processes became particularly...

BACKGROUND Picky eating is a commonly observed behavior among children globally, negatively impacting their physical and mental growth. Although common characteristics distinguish peaky eaters, including food selectivity, food neophobia, and food avoidance, there is no clear definition to assess this behavior. Due to the unavailability of data rega...

Ma'amul, Barazeq, and Ghuribeh are rich fat traditional sweet bakery products that are usually consumed in the Middle East. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat replacing with maltodextrin at various levels (i.e., 10, 20, 30, and 40%) on Ma'amul, Barazeq, and Ghuribeh chemical and quality characteristics. The maximum fat level th...

Biodiversity has important implications for the sustainable development of cities. Given the paucity of ground-based experiments, the responses of biodiversity to urbanization and its associated controls on a global scale remain largely unexplored. We present a novel conceptual framework for quantifying the direct and indirect impacts of urbanizati...

Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu’s effort to reshape the Middle East aligns neatly with US President Donald J. Trump’s notion of big power geopolitics.

Cyrus I. Scofield is best known for his Scofield Reference Bible, a work that profoundly shaped American evangelical theology and laid the foundation for Christian Zionism. However, little attention has been given to the elite financial and political networks that may have facilitated his rise. Scofield’s membership in New York’s exclusive Lotos Cl...

Breast Cancer in the Middle East: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Quality of Life provides a comprehensive exploration of breast cancer awareness, risk factors, epidemiology, and patient outcomes across Middle Eastern countries. It examines disparities in awareness and screening, genetic predispositions, and environmental influences, alongside an i...

Purpose: This altmetric analysis aimed to identify and describe the top 100 papers on prostate cancer-associated exosomes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region cited on social media. Design/methodology/approach: As an applied study with an altmetric approach, this research included all Science Citation Index (SCI) Expanded indexed paper...

This article examines Osman Hamdi’s 1888 painting Turkish Street Scene (Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin) via correspondence acquired from Ottoman and German archives. It aims to contextualize both the painting’s purchase by the Berlin Nationalgalerie and its iconography within German policies toward the Middle East at the time. The author argues that,...

While recent studies have explored the effectiveness of TikTok in second-language (L2) vocabulary acquisition in Western contexts, there remains a significant gap in research on its impact within higher education settings in the Middle East. Addressing this gap, the present study examines the role of TikTok in L2 vocabulary acquisition at the Unive...

As the Arab Spring unfolded, the Holy See saw Egypt, with its significant Coptic Christian community, emerging as a focal point in a seminal moment of Middle Eastern history. This chapter explores the Holy See’s approach during a pivotal moment of development in the Middle East, discussing how a religious actor reacts to political changes.

Background Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a causative agent of Newcastle disease (ND), a major infectious poultry disease associated with significant economic losses. Vaccination is usually effective at preventing the disease. However, in Ethiopia, ND is commonly detected in both unvaccinated and vaccinated chickens. In this study, we aimed to ev...

Since the discussion about the federal budget in autumn 2023, the general public has been increasingly critical of German development policy. This criticism comes in the wake of a series of successive and interwoven crises: the Covid-19 pandemic; the Taliban’s return to power in Afghanistan in 2021; the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine, wh...

A plethora of publications have dealt with academic integrity as an issue for overseas postgraduate students especially in the US and the UK and Australia. The present study is based on a questionnaire distributed anonymously among primarily Chinese, as well as Middle East students at the end of a six-week pre-sessional course in English for Academ...

This paper examines the long-term economic returns of infrastructure investment in logistics corridors in Oman. As the country aims to enhance its position as a strategic logistics hub in the Middle East, understanding the economic implications of developing efficient logistics corridors becomes essential for sustainable growth and diversification....

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming healthcare systems globally, with the Middle East emerging as a key region embracing AI-driven innovations. This paper explores the role of AI in enhancing healthcare services, from diagnostics to patient management, across the region. AI-powered solutions are improving efficiency, reducing costs, and ad...

Six subspecies of Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita are usually recognised, of which three are known to occur in north-west Europe: P. c. collybita, P. c. abietinus and P. c. tristis. Based on a newly developed mitochondrial DNA sequencing protocol, P. c. brevirostris and P. c. caucasicus were recorded in north western Europe for the firs...

BACKUP: A framework for conflict resolution -an, essential - solution of the Social - Choice problem in economics (societal decision-making): with the Middle East problem in view as a motivation and a specific application. In all, this author is solely trying to add - honestly - to the set of solutions that the human race has available to help end...

Automated detection of pavement distresses using road images remains a research hotspot within the computer vision community. The advent of deep learning has sparked significant interest in enhancing the effectiveness of automated identification and assessment of pavement distresses. Yet, the limited availability of comprehensive ground truth datas...

This study examines the relationship between the output of social sciences research, which is measured in terms of both quantity and quality, and two important Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 1 and 10: poverty and inequality. The study analyzes data from 15 Middle Eastern countries from 2000 to 2023 using a panel regression model based on Panel...

Purpose: Social media has become a significant catalyst for entrepreneurship in the Middle East, particularly for women. Considering the limited research conducted to understand the factors influencing social media adoption in conservative societies such as Qatar, this study aims to examine the factors affecting the adoption of social media among w...

This paper explores the diverse forms of digital democracy in the West and Asia from a human perspective. In particular, it analyzes the differences in the approaches to data governance in the US and the EU, the different strategies for democratization in the Middle East, and the rise of digital authoritarianism in China. Furthermore, it proposes a...

Introduction Population-based differences in knee alignment patterns may impact osteoarthritis (OA) progression. This study compares lower extremity alignment in knee OA between Middle Eastern (UAE) and East Asian (South Korean) populations using artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted analysis. Methods A retrospective review included patients with...

Background Scedosporium species are filamentous fungi causing a wide spectrum of infections in healthy and debilitated individuals. Despite their clinical significance, the ecology of Scedosporium species remains understudied, particularly in the Middle East. Methods In this context, we conducted an environmental study to elucidate the distributio...

The paper presents a case study exploring how the everyday deliberation of public matters in the Arab world is epistemically traceable. Since processes of socio-political communication are deeply rooted in wider epistemological structures, and because social actors operating in the public sphere are socially informed, it is imperative to understand...

Background Overweight and obesity is a global epidemic. Forecasting future trajectories of the epidemic is crucial for providing an evidence base for policy change. In this study, we examine the historical trends of the global, regional, and national prevalence of adult overweight and obesity from 1990 to 2021 and forecast the future trajectories t...

Background Research on low physical activity (LPA) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region remains limited. Aims To assess the disease burden associated with LPA using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Study Design Longitudinal epidemiological study. Methods GBD 2021 data were used to extract information on the burden...

This study strives to shed some lights on the connection between multiple large shareholders and liquidity risk in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Across this region, this study focuses on conventional banks over the period from 2005 to 2020. According to the dispersion hypothesis, the System Generalized Method of Moment (SGMM) resu...

Given the significance of leishmaniasis as a neglected parasitic disease—ranking second in mortality and fourth in morbidity among vector-borne diseases—and the prominence of the Mediterranean and Middle East regions as key areas for leishmaniasis incidence, the study and precise morphological identification of sand flies, the proven vectors of the...

Background Studies on the burden and epidemiological aspects of substance-use disorders in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) are limited. Aims To evaluate the burden and epidemiology of substance-use disorders in MENA countries during 1990-2019. Study Design Ecological study. Methods Data from the global burden of disease study were used i...

Background: The Hajj pilgrimage, a significant religious event, presents unique health challenges due to the large number of participants and the physical demands of the pilgrimage. Despite efforts by Saudi health authorities to provide comprehensive health services, the effectiveness of these interventions relies heavily on pilgrims' knowledge of...

A growing body of work has shown that AI-assisted methods -- leveraging large language models (LLMs), social choice methods, and collective dialogues -- can help reduce polarization and foster common ground in controlled lab settings. But what can these approaches contribute in real-world contexts? We present a case study applying these techniques...

The Middle East continues to play a pivotal role in global energy dynamics, with profound implications for U.S. military strategy and economic stability. Despite a trend toward energy diversification and technological innovation in the region, traditional oil dependencies remain, underscored by the persistent threat of geopolitical instabilities, s...

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) continues to transform various educational fields, English as a Foreign Language (EFL) educators must develop the necessary skills to integrate AI tools into their teaching. Ensuring that teachers are well-prepared for this technological shift is essential for maintaining high-quality instruction and meeting students...

SABIC is a big company with several affiliates. The company recorded a net profit of US$ 5.7 billion in 2018. The company, SABIC (Saudi Basic Industries Corporation) was founded back in 1976 by a royal decree to develop the country specializing in by-products of oil extraction for the value-added commodities such as chemicals, polymers and fertiliz...

This article aims to analyze to what extent university sports can serve as an effective means of integration for foreign students and the main challenges and opportunities they encounter in the integration process in the context of migration. In this study, “integration” is defined as the process of adapting foreign students to their new academic a...

This study explores the stock market reaction to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic using a unique dataset with a multi-country and multi-industry sample containing 1,313 Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) firms from 25 leading emerging countries across four regions: the Americas, Europe, Middle East and North Africa (MENA), and Asia. The...

This study analyzed benzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVSs), including UVP, UVPS, UV329, UV9, UV320, UV350, UV326, UV327, UV328, and UV234, in beached polypropylene (PP) pellets. First, the efficiency of soaking extraction in hexane was confirmed. This extraction method was then applied to 37 PP pellet samples (each sample basically consisted of 50 pe...

Most countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region suffer from water scarcity and stress, especially in areas with high solar isolation and hot weather. Nuclear energy offers many potentials, including low-cost, large-scale supply, eco-friendly energy production, and optimal alternatives to depleted fossil fuel-based energy production...

The Middle East (ME) has suffered from severe water stress owing to the limited availability of surface freshwater. The exploitation of atmospheric water may be a potential solution for resolving the water crisis in the ME. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of atmospheric water resources, as well as their exploitability, mainly including...

Yemen, with its rich historical background and strategic geographical position at a major crossroads of trade and migration, offers an ideal setting for exploring population genetics. This study aimed to develop a Y-STR database for a Yemeni population and compare it with existing regional databases in the Middle East. For this investigation, bucca...

Abstract The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) elucidates the individual rights and freedoms enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It transforms them into a binding legal instrument and the cornerstone of international thought on promoting and protecting civil and political rights. Tunisia and Morocco,...

This article provides a short assessment of the politics of revenge and the destruction of the sacred sites in the Graeco-Persian conflicts, with an initial focus on the extensive destruction of Athens and its temples during 480-479 BCE. However, this theme embraces a wider period of inter-cultural conflict ranging from the destruction of the templ...

Objectives The objective of the article is to present actions involving safety in the third decade of the 21st century within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The present international situation, both non-military threats as military conflicts, among others, in Ukraine and in the Middle East, have triggered the necessity to adjust operations...

After years of research on regional-scale atmospheric circulation and atmospheric aspects of dust storms in the Middle East by myself, my colleagues, and students, we have finally succeeded in proposing a novel dynamical mechanism regarding the formation of the Summer Shamal wind and its induced dust storms in the latest issue of the Atmospheric Re...

Background Uvulectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal or excision of part of the uvula, the small, fleshy tissue that hangs down at the back of the throat. This procedure is traditionally practiced in various cultures, particularly among some African communities and in parts of the Middle East. While uvulectomy holds traditional s...

The technical-economic viability of hybrid renewable energy systems that include personal electric vehicles (EVs) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) area is assessed in this study. We examined several microgrid configurations using HOMER Grid software, focusing on the effects of electricity prices and subsidy policies. The results show how...

Fenethylline (street name, captagon) is a synthetic amphetamine-type stimulant that is emerging as a significant public health and security concern, particularly in the Middle East. This systematic review synthesizes original research articles, epidemiological studies, systematic reviews, policy analyses, and case reports to provide a comprehensive...

Middle East Dust storm as a nerve-racking phenomenon has suffered inhabitants particularly communities in the western and southwestern parts of Iran. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate emission sources, tracking trajectories, and synoptic analysis of dust episodes over Ilam city. HYSPLIT model, MODIS image and MERRA-2 data used to deter...

This study aimed to establish how socially responsible investing promotes the performance of climate-smart agricultural projects. Wani et al. (2024), investigating the Middle East and North Africa, found environmental quality depends on economic growth. However, to realize economic development in a country where agriculture is the backbone of the e...

Background and Objectives Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are inherited neurodegenerative disorders, and their classification is based on inheritance mode, allelic variants, and clinical presentation. Despite global occurrence, research, especially in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regions, is lacking, underscoring the need for furth...

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasing globally, posing a major public health issue. This study analyzes the global, regional, and national burden of MASLD and its risk factors from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2030. We obtained data on MASLD prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted...

The US ought to engage with regional Arab countries such as Saudi Arabia not only to end the Gaza war but also to find a resolution to the conflict that the Palestinians accept. Noticeably, the young students engaged in thoughtful questions, which were amicably addressed. Their curiosity and critical thinking reaffirmed the importance of academic d...

Background There has been a rapid increase in the incidence and prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated liver disease (MASLD) in the Middle East and Africa (MEA) regions. Methods We aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness of MASLD among MEA physicians and evaluate their current approach to diagnosing, managing, and referring to MASLD. We...

Introduction: Undergraduate dental education aims to equip students with scientific knowledge, clinical skills, and behavioral attributes to prepare them for a career in independent dental practice after graduation. The purpose of this study was to compare self-reported preparedness of undergraduate dental students with evaluations by their clinica...

Background Surgeons are expected to lead teams/organizations to achieve optimal patient outcomes; however, few receive formal education in leadership. The goals of the study were to: 1) assess the unmet needs and gaps in leadership education for neurosurgeons and residents/fellows; 2) identify factors associated with availability of leadership educ...

World makes an important contribution to the major issue facing the physical environment of Muslim countries-that of housing. In sixteen authoritative chapters, this book investigates architecture and urbanism in a wide range of different countries, from Egypt, Zanzibar, and the Middle East, to Iran, Pakistan, and Malaysia. The contributors review...

Purpose The evolution of new carbapenemase variants is alarming. We aimed to investigate the genetic context and molecular epidemiology of the emerging OXA-484 carbapenemase in the United Arab Emirates, to decipher its resistance mechanisms and evolutionary relationships. Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed for an E. coli is...

This study explores how informal employment, prevalent across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, impacts political behavior by creating insider-outsider divides. While previous research offers mixed evidence on the relationship between informal employment, voting patterns, and social policy preferences, our analysis reveals a significa...

This study explores how digital transformation affects the accounting and auditing profession and the quality of the accounting information system in governmental units in two developing contexts in the Middle East and North African (MENA) region—Egypt and Saudi Arabia. We collected data by electronically surveying governmental units’ employees in...

Background: The loss of healthcare professionals because of migration remains a challenge for low- and middle-income countries. South African Emergency Care Practitioners (ECPs) are no exception with many choosing to leave South Africa (SA) to work in the Middle East (ME).Aim: To investigate and describe the push and pull factors that are influenci...

Physical inactivity (PIA) is a pressing public health issue globally, contributing significantly to the rise of non-communicable diseases (NCD), such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The World Health Organization emphasises the importance of regular physical activity (PA) for preventing and managing NCDs. Initiatives to promote active...

Background Invaluable forensic evidence can be found in latent fingerprints, which are invisible to the naked eye. The integrity of the evidence may be compromised by conventional fingerprint production techniques that use chemicals, powders, and lasers and pose environmental dangers. Pomegranate peel powder, made from the rind of the fruit that is...

Objective: The study aimed to identify the attitudes of music skills teachers in Oman towards the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in teaching and to understand the challenges they face in integrating AI into their teaching methods. Theoretical Framework: The proliferation of modern learning resources and technological advancements, especially t...

Background Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) is evolving across the Middle East, including in Saudi Arabia. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the facilitators and barriers to APN programs and role implementation in the region. This study utilizes a descriptive exploratory qualitative approach to examine the perspectives of academic nurse le...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) ranks among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The objective was to evaluate the burden of AD and other dementias among the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region by age and sex from 1990 to 2021. The data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021. The estimat...

Objective: The study aimed to identify the attitudes of music skills teachers in Oman towards the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in teaching and to understand the challenges they face in integrating AI into their teaching methods. Theoretical Framework: The proliferation of modern learning resources and technological advancements, especially...

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the livelihoods of working men and women worldwide. The pandemic exacerbated already existing inequities, especially in sectors where women predominate, such as the healthcare, education, and hospitality sectors. Women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, a world outlier for low female...

Background: Sharing bad news is a complex and challenging task for doctors, requiring knowledge and skills development.Aims: To identify Jordanian doctors’ training needs for breaking bad news, comparing two different populations of doctors, and to investigate the applicability of different training frameworks.Methods: This questionnaire based cros...

Culture has a significant impact on how people and corporations act in the modern global economy. Success for businesses that operate internationally depends on their ability to comprehend cultural differences. Multinational corporations (MNCs) frequently find it difficult to adjust to the varied values and norms that affect how business is conduct...

Garra rufa , commonly known as the “doctor fish”, is a freshwater cyprinid native to warm regions of the Middle East. Since the late twentieth century, it has been widely utilized in spas for alternative therapeutics and fish pedicures (or manicures) for dermatological diseases such as psoriasis and eczema. Owing to its unique characteristics, ther...

In today's fast-paced digital economy, businesses increasingly rely on Cloud Transformation, Cyber Security Integration, and 5G Adoption to enhance Business Network Performance and maintain competitive advantage. This study examines how these three factors contribute to business efficiency, security, and digital scalability across enterprises in No...

Biodiversity of sharks and rays in the Sultanate of Oman, with new records of rays Khalfan M. Alrashdi* Directorate General of Fisheries Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Water Resources, P.O.Box 427, P.C. 100, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. *Correspondence e-mail: khalfanrashdi@gmail.com Abstract: Over the last two decades, there has...

This article aims to investigate the impact of incarceration on women with regard to their right to health in the criminal justice system in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Despite the universal recognition of the right to health within detention facilities, it has received limited scholarly attention. There is a pressing need for research...

Background: The Baghdad Pact of 1955, later known as the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO), was a strategic alliance formed to counter Soviet influence in the Middle East during the Cold War. Pakistan’s decision to join the pact was driven by geopolitical considerations, including security concerns, economic and military aid, and alignment with W...

Background Electrocardiography is one of the most valuable noninvasive diagnostic tools in determining the presence of many cardiovascular diseases. Genetic factors are important in determining ECG abnormalities and their link to cardiovascular diseases. Genome‐wide association studies and polygenic risk scores (PRSs) have been conducted for variou...

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This study explores global VOD (video on demand) content consumption patterns through a network-based approach. We used Netflix's 'TV-shows' ranking data, spanning 822 days across 71 countries, to construct a network where countries are represented as nodes and consumption similarities are reflected as link weights. By applying the Louvain algorith...