Microfinance - Science topic

Quantitative research methodology can indeed be instrumental in exploring the integration of AI in microfinance and its potential to address challenges in India. Here's how it can help achieve actual results:

In summary, quantitative research methodology is well-suited to rigorously evaluate the integration of AI in microfinance in India, offering a clear pathway to understanding its impact and effectiveness in addressing sector-specific challenges.

Agree

Maria Cristina Bautista, thank you very much!

Digitization has revolutionized the risk assessment and loan approval processes in microfinance. With digital systems, microfinance institutions (MFIs) can collect and analyze vast amounts of data about potential borrowers, enabling more comprehensive risk assessment. Credit scoring models can be implemented, using algorithms to assess creditworthiness based on various factors.

Nicolas Badaoui Hello. I just sent it to you. Good luck

According to the Muslim Religious principles that women used to say that money is the property of men who has to handle among responsibilities.

This shows that attitude of the Muslim women due to their religion dogmas and cultural traits have made them to be dependent financially.

Women don't ito be independent in the financial status due their religion and mental behavior too.

Even though this could be the practices are being continued over the centur.

The modern Muslim women have drastically changed because of Education.

Islamic Banking loan do not have interest because of the Islamic principles.

It is all about the mental attitude of the Muslim women have to follow the old tradition or break up the old dogmas, ideas and principles etc.

It is very clear distinction that in the case of Pakistan, the educated women have radical thinking about innovation and intelligency in succeeding their efforts and attempts in general.

Individuality makes the woman to be independent financially.

Pakistan women half of them have not educated so it is to be identified by conducting the research to find out the ground reality in the villages or sub-urban centres.

I think that this situation exists in rural Pakistan because many women have educated in abroad have great hope of breaking the barriers of the traditional practices.

Data collection methods can be used.

Dear Naomy Simiyu,

Greetings.

I have a Nigerian friend who has completed M.B.A. and M.Sc. in Nigeria.

He is doing another M.Sc. in FinTech in Bristol, West England.

I am giving you his WhatsApp cell phone number so you can contact him.

You can refer to my name.

His name is Adewale Joel Adebisi. WhatsApp: 44 78 49 63 72 30

Hope he will help you somehow.

You can send your email so that I can forward it to him.

I have guided Microfinance at the Master's level, but FinTech is modern software that needs detailed software applications.

Looking forward to hearing from your reply.

Regards

Senapathy

Ethiopia

Data about customers are sensitive and confidential and I doubt if any bank will like to release data about customers' loans. In my country (Nigeria) there may not be possibility of getting online information to capture this data because of fraudsters. I therefore have no idea of how clearance and permission can be given by Micro finance bank to get customers data about loans for research..

transformation in this paper is defined as an establishment of a regulated. financial institution (RFI) by a non-government organization (NGO) or a. group of NGOs by transferring its loan portfolio completely or partially to the. RFI. Among the varying factors that motivated the microfinance NGOs to

There are a lot if research on Loan Repayment Performance of Rural Farmers in Ethiopia but this research is somewhat similar to Farmers in developing countries.

When you talk about the Behaviour aspect that will indicate the Psychological factor of related variables such as Attitude, Achievement Motivation, Perception, Risktaking Behaviour etc.

See this article, it might be helpful

The term Climate Change has been connected with many dimensions in the community of the different stakeholders.

Of course, the results and side effects of Climate Change has many impacts among the people and livestock's in many developing countries mostly.

The researcher is looking for a title for PhD. I can suggest that Climate Variability influence on Household Resilience of Microfinance beneficiaries in the ..........District, South Ghana.

The respondents could be either male or females beneficiaries of the MFI and how they are managing the difficult times of Climate Change to overcome the challenges and vulnerability.

MFI beneficiaries livelihoods can be adjusted with available facilities of Microfinance during the Climate Change periods.

The scholar has to check the Dependent variable and Independent variables in connection with suitable econometric models will help to measure the results of the Impact of Climate Change.

Hope many comments are yet to come from other academicians or researchers.

go through my research

While the policies may be good on paper, their implementation has a lot to be improved. Insurance may partly offset and waivers are more political, pre-election stunts. Diversified cropping and having multiple sources of Income are the only two ways to cushion the impact. Governments need to intervene to stop banks from getting aggressive on collections/recovery. .

Aribi Asma

I have as an example my country and specifically the micro-region where I live: we have a cooperative bank that, by financing small producers, turned us into a hub for the production of milk, chickens and swine. In addition, we have small factories for clothing and food products derived from meat and vegetable fairs.

Also, with microcredit, we are starting to make wine, with the production of grapes in a place where nothing had been planted before.

This is the scenario I am following.

Cheers!

I'm not sure about it.

may be this will help.

The microfinance model has been overtaken by the digital-fintech model of financial inclusion. There is a lot of research in financial inclusion in the World Bank (including data base) and Alliance for Financial Inclusion (AFI) are institutions promoting such studies. The answer to your question depends on what you see as the heart of microfinance. The essence of microfinance has been described as “delivering useful financial services to tens of millions of people in a businesslike way.” This is akin to “providing financial services in a way that helps people move themselves out of poverty.” Financial inclusion seeks to make sure that everyone has access to useful financial tools, while microfinance wants to make sure that the use of those tools leads to positive benefits for those living in poverty. Defined this way, microfinance links in with other development needs, like health, education, housing, and access to markets.

Dear sir

PFA

Yes

Agreed with reply by dear Imran Zubair

Akhuwat has done it

Dear Kencho:

It´s a very good point the one you choose. As far as I know, there are not absolute answers to what you are asking. That because Microfinance is a broad subject that has many different type of organizations behind. I suggest you authors and an organization: Begoña Gutiérrez Nieto, Carlos Serrano Cinca, Roy Mersland, experts on these subject, and CERMI: Center for European Research on Microfinance, they´ll be useful.

Regards

Gustavo Concari

Anirban,

You are into something interesting yet, intricate. I agree with Ahmed that we need to know what your goal is with the analysis/ research. The intricacy of your problem since you are dealing with Meta-analysis of technical efficiency (TE) studies, is that you need to know how representative those individual studies were in terms of representing all the DMU’s in the sectors they addressed. Good scientific papers will always address the representativity of their data sets and, they are normally representative such that Mean TE’s (MTE) can be considered as representative. This is the reason that Thiam and Bravo-Ureta (2005); Odeck and Bråthen (2012); Kiadaliri et. al (2013) Fall et. al (2018)) use the mean technical efficiency (MTE) as a measure of effect size without further consideration of sampling bias. Therefore, and in the first instance, you could proceed by using the reported MTE’s as well.

Next and given that you want to consider sampling bias as something new which has not been considered in the literature of meta-analyses of MTE’s, the only option left for you is to go through the abundant literature and ask the individual authors how representative their data were with regards to the total population of their DMUs. If their studies were not all that representative, you may use the information they provide to correct for sampling bias and then produce a paper that goes further to pinpoint the sampling issue. This may be a cumbersome process that may take time to accomplish since a meta-analysis normally includes many studies.

Finally, if you feel that the TE data should be normally distributed and you have good arguments for it, you could apply e.g., the Fisher transformation; but please explain why. Note now that SFA-based-TE’s for instance, apply non-normal distributions built on real observations!

I hope this helped.

Ok, sure Emmanuel V Murray Sir

Microfinance can survival by designing programs that support business recovery from the virus. With that microfinance can secure funding from donor agencies and government agencies to run such programs.

Also, the government can use microfinance as the channels to implement the business recovery programs especially for small business

Hope this helps

I agree with previous comments, such extreme loans conditions are not common in most countries and may even be illegal, most types of economic activities (moreover for micro activities) cannot be expected to definitely earn such high returns

I would suggest looking at the following paper:

and these surveys:

Micro Finance Institutions is a Registered organisation which is lending the credit to the Small and Micro Enterprises for poor people mostly. The banking transactions processes are user-friendly to the customers. MFIs are encouraging the budding entrepreneurs as well as experienced entrepreneurs. Grameen Banks are like MFIs was started by Nobel laureate Prof.Mohamed Yunus and GB are issuing Micro credits to the poor ones. MFIs supporting rural entrepreneurs, agri-preneurs and unemployed rural youths etc. There are many successful case studies research reports are in both developing and developed countries in the world.

The Comilla model did show an important thing; that elites will always try to block or abuse genuine pro-poor institutions and interventions. I've seen it a lot in my career when potentially successful cooperatives have been destroyed by a tiny few insiders determined to make money for themselves by privatising the assets somehow. Indeed, the whole history of the UK coop movement - once the world's most advanced - is of insiders and outsiders collaborating to steal the asset base created by past generations. However, I question your contention that the poor are in in poverty because they are ''being denied resources and opportunities'. First, they have the financial resources in the form of microcredit in abundance, which is why so many countries are seeing mass overindebtedness. So there appears to be plenty of finance around. The problem is the second issue: (market) opportunities. And here we find that poor communities simply do not have the demand (purchasing power) that is required to support lots more microbusinesses into operation.That was the absolutely fundamental error committed by Muhammad Yunus (and many others since) when he advocated that everyone could easily become self-employed in their own community. Today advocating that the poor can escape their poverty by starting a microbusiness is a cruel deception, akin to saying the poor only to have buy a lottery ticket and they will escape their poverty.

Research questionnaires come from your theoretical and conceptual model. A literature review will show you how other researchers develop their questionnaires based on the constructs they used. Also you need to test it out with experts to make sure it is understandable and the questionnaires measure what it is intended.

You might have come across this already? if so, apologies if redundant.

https://www.hal.inserm.fr/file/index/docid/912770/filename/Breastfeeding_duration.pdf

Dear Emmanuel,

As suggest above, I recommend conference alert in addition to ALL Conferences and World Conferences

please see websites below:

https://conferencealerts.com/

http://www.allconferences.com/

https://www.worldconferencealerts.com/

You can subscribe to a specific area so you get the alerts automatically.

I hope this helps.

Best Regards,

Alaa Garad

Depend on economic conditions, business situations , level of efficiency of stock market and economic development.

Following.

About "excessive energy consumption":

I should point out that this is a Proof of work protocol, which is a relatively huge energy consumer. But the Proof of stake protocol consumes much less electricity, for example, a complete network that conducts Ripple cryptocurrency transactions consumes less electricity than the Visa Inc payment processor. This is important information, as Blockchain technology is often misidentified with bitcoin cryptocurrency in terms of energy consumption.

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG, Microfinance and micro-loans can significantly complement the classic systems of financing the activities of business entities of the SME sector and the consumption of citizens, and can significantly reduce the scale of poverty of citizens. It is important, however, that companies offering micro loans offer their citizens in accordance with the principles of corporate social responsibility and business ethics, i.e. that interest rates are not high, that they are not usury, and that they do not constitute significant competition for the traditional external financing system, i.e. not constituted serious direct competition for banks only to complement the banking system. It is important that companies offering microfinance and micro-loans comply with credit risk management standards, that credit risk assessment is carried out reliably, that the creditworthiness assessment principles of potential borrowers are applied, that the credit risk management process is reliably carried out for both individual loans and entire loan portfolios in specific company granting these micro loans. It is important that microfinance and microcredit are granted to citizens and enterprises in the SME sector who have creditworthiness, i.e. to avoid an increase in systemic credit risk and not to lead to a financial crisis. It is also important that micro loans play an important macroeconomic role in supporting small, innovative business entities, and to significantly support economic growth. Thanks to micro-loans, many new jobs can be created in the sector of micro-enterprises and companies in the SME sector, entrepreneurship and innovation can be activated. It is important for the state to effectively improve legal norms on the basis of which the micro-loan market can function. In connection with the forecasted slowdown in economic growth in 2020, caused by the development of the Covid-19 Coronavirus pandemic, the importance of microfinance and micro-loans is increasing significantly.

I conduct research in the field of effectively conducted, reliable credit and loan procedures, research on the creditworthiness of potential borrowers, processes of identifying and analyzing credit risk levels, processes of improving credit risk management, etc. I have published the conclusions from the research in scientific publications that are available on the Research portal Gate.

Best wishes.

Dariusz Prokopowicz

By asking related questions.

Kindly assist I need variables to measure credit and also to measure poverty reduction

Continuous variables that are bounded in nature are generally addressed using Tobit models or censored regressions, or truncated models. Tobit regressions are suitable for settings in which the dependent variable is bounded at one of the extremes, presents positive mass of observations at that extreme, and is unbounded otherwise. If the variable is bounded between 0 and 1 inclusive; it cannot take values greater than one or less than zero. A proportion is bounded between 0 and 1, means that the effect of explanatory variables tends to be non-linear, and the variance tends to decrease when the mean gets closer to one of the boundaries. The fractional response model (FRM) represents a viable solution to address many of the econometric limitations that are found in the nonlinear solutions currently utilized to model continuous bounded dependent variables. Usually from fractional response models the bounds are natural bounds, such as a proportion. If the 0 to 1 coding arbitrary, the use of FRM may not be right. You may try with a linear model estimated by OLS. and compare the coefficients to the average partial effects from the fractional response model.

This is an interesting phenomenon. I hope by now (2020), the situation has much improved.

Kjartan Skogly Kversøy Microfinance can enhance certain types of small entrepreneurship, it can work for some strata of a society, e.g. craft.

Poverty is a structural problem of a human society; one of its main physical causes is economic rent.

Please not that from 2019 the MIX is now free after it was handed over to the World Bank.

The critical variables maybe as per my understanding Professor Kjartan Skogly Kversøy

Public trust and Demand: loan terms and conditions, grace period, interest, weather, institution, bond, etc...

Rural people need cheaper and sufficient fund with flexible repayment mode. Hence, there is a huge scope for new institutions which can develop such products. I think financing to the CMSMEs and Agriculture through Agent Banking Outlets of commercial banks can sustainably eliminate poverty.

Credibility - How to establish the claim that Microfinance alleviates poverty.

you may see the governance framwork of state bank of pakistan

Great

Dear All,

I am looking a questionnaire (actually the sample) about knowledge. My research is "adoption of Islamic Microfinance by entrepreneurs " and "Knowledge" is one of the variable. Anyone can help me please? Thanks

In micro finance, the two key factors are margins and scale.

discriminant analysis.

.................. it can be used to determine which predictive variables are related to dependent variable.............

I think Dr. Achmad Rizal has explained and spoke well and values.

Climate change has been global issues and it is necessary to develop strategies to cope risk associated with climatic risk. Microfinance institution can protect farmers who borrow loan from them. We can see successful example of credit gurantee system in Nepal and India.

Please see the attached link which redirect you to a paper of mine. You might find it interesting.

I agree with Dr @ Pedro Maria Martinez Villar

From my field experience in Bangladesh, group lending is merely a technique for securing loan repayment as Trevor mentions above. In some context, this may also have negative consequences. In my case, MFI relies on social networks to form this group and expediat the collection process.e

many authors writes on this field ,you can check AMAZONE library or google search . but also you give a chance to write in the subject.thanks

These articles can be interesting

Try this: https://www.crisil.com/pdf/corporate/CRISIL-Inclusix-Volume-III.pdf 

Am equally interested in the questionnaire 

Dear Anushree,

You can consider "impact of microfinance on Human Development Indicators: A case study of SHG members in India" (or any region you select for the study).

Hemlata

Dear Eyasir,

Your question is truly not related to Islamic Banking. I feel that you just took a jibe at the Shariah compliance of common people. Your question is to revive the pride of employees working in the Insurance sector in Bangladesh. The route to achieve this is high salary. I think this is what you actually wanted to ask.

There is no second thought that money motivates. All HR theories have spoken about this. Similarly Monetary Status improves your life style (beyond standard of living) and hence Social Acceptance and Glorification also improves. Therefore there cannot be any one contradicting your thought.

Regarding Insurance industry, it is the most profitable industry after a period of 10 years of commencement, provided you did not have adverse claims in the earlier years of existence. Once the critical years are crossed and your underwriting of lives is good enough, you can just go on rewarding your employees anyway you like, since medicine and medical technology is improving the longevity of humans, hence early death claims would be not so frequent. That leaves the death due to accidents and catastrophes.

Please check the status of catastrophic deaths in Bangladesh, when compared to other countries and then your insurance companies can think of it.

What do you mean by financial sustainability? I would think it might mean how long will people continue to put money into microfinance schemes. Or do you mean how long can microfinance schemes continue providing a financial return on investment?

Para América Latina, la CEPAL ha publicado reservorios de datos económicos muy amplios. Son de libre acceso.

Para el resto del mundo la OCDE, el FMI y el Banco mundial, hacen lo mismo

Economically...YES but not financially. It is not equal but equavalent. Creditor only need the payment+interest (or profit...whatever you called it) but investor need the business profit as long as the investment stays in the business.

Dear Muhamed, Salamalec

How are things? I hope you're doing fne:

see these links: some of them you can dowload

1. http://www.upet.ro/annals/economics/pdf/2011/Mutengezanwa-Gombarume-Njanike.pdf

2. http://ijecm.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/4432.pdf

3. (this is a must) http://ac.els-cdn.com/S221256711501134X/1-s2.0-S221256711501134X-main.pdf?_tid=49e669d4-f7a2-11e6-80a7-00000aacb360&acdnat=1487618887_063b3e773ba71cc9c2abc90135fca006 (if you cannot download I can manage to you...if you pay in adcvance a Tcheck Beer - the best beer of ht e world...I am joking

4.http://criticalstrikeportable.com/

I was in Turkey in 2011 and I've made many friends.

Hope to have helped you. If you go some day to Brazil do not hesitate in call me if have problems (armando1964@gmail.com )

a gift from Brazil:

We are poor, we have problems with corruption and violence...but this PARADISE!

Hugs

Armandão (big Armand)

You find some answers to your question in our recent paper "From NGOs to Banks..." published in World Development available in full text here at RG

The problem of your research determines the sampling techniques. If you are concerned on repayment behaviour your convenient sampling may suffice. Judgmental sampling will be better. Define the criteria of your judgement. However reasonable members should be involved in the survey not less than 30 from each group: FB and mainstream.

Marginal firm is the least profitable firm of the industry. Any increase in cost, this firm is the first to leave the industry.

Mix Market has the data. World Bank Data base has from some countries. best one Mis market has a student version for free.

Dear Irene Ukanwa,

It seems you are trying to study a practical gender need. Micro finance is a short term need which address practical  needs of women that promoted under the WID. So you could use the WID ( Women in Development ) as the framework for this study. See the link below for some ideas to be considered.

Dear Aslam,

Very interesting topic that you are studying. Unfortunately, in the Indian Micro-finance market today, rates are tightly regulated, so the rates across MFIs are not much different. Broadly from my experience in India I see that concentration does not lead to higher rates, but adding hidden costs as compulsory add-ons and some manipulations. A study of add-ons to credit, and compulsory additional products & services to be taken & foreclosure charges, are some aspects to be studied.

You might see my PhD 2014 thesis on-line at QUT Library for substantial list of references.

title of my research was " An examination of microfinance self help groups and the poorest of the poor women in Tamil Nadu, India"

regards.

Gordon.

I think the main risk will be credit risk/default risk....

@lubza Nihar 

Dear ma'am, can you tell me , in case of NGO-MFI what variables we should consider for measuring impact of capital structure on financial performance.?

Well explained. I also agree with Faris Alshubiri.

Best Regards

Jayantha Dewasiri

 thnaku so much.

Dear Otilia Manta

Greetings,

Please , see the attached file about the role of micro finance may be helpful for you.

Best Regards