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Questions related to Metals
Dear Researchers :
Hello all, I hope someone could help me :)
How, o where, I can find the property: "Electrolyte conductivity" for the two materials I am using in Comsol Multiphysics, to model a Water Electrolyser.
The two materials in question are:
Platinum
Iridium Oxide (IrO2)
I am working with the Fuel Cells and Electrolyser modules of Comsol Multiphysics ver. 6.1
To tell the truth I don't even know what the "Electrolyte conductivity" for a solid material is.
I pulled out the domain conditions of "H2 Gas Diffusion Electrode" and "O2 Gas Difussion Electrode", to be able to taje into account my two catalysed electrodes, making a sandwich with the PEM Membrane.
But Comsol ask me to fill into the "Electrolyte conductivity" of each one
Or does ir is correct to use the same exact value as for the Electrical Conductivity of the material ??
I'm attaching an image
Thanks friends, I'll appreciate it !
Trying to estimate the DBTT temperature for A572 & RHA steel based on alloying composition.
Dear Professors and Researchers,
We have been privileged to edit a book on "Advances in Solid-State Welding and Processing of Metallic Materials" that would be published by CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, USA. This book would cover practically the most important aspects and developments of solid-state welding and processing of metallic materials, including physical metallurgy, an overview of production technologies, alloy development, compositing, post-processing (heat treatment, surface engineering, bulk-deformation), and joining methodologies, to mention a few. In addition, submissions relevant to research in the additive manufacturing of alloys are also welcome.
We invite you to contribute a book chapter to the edited book in the above-mentioned areas of research.
Details: https://sites.google.com/site/rvairavignesh/call-for-chapters
Hello, I'm seeking clarification on the selection of suitable boundary conditions for simulating shear deformation of a screw dislocation using LAMMPS. In my script, I currently employ the following commands:
```lammps
fix 1 upper setforce 0.0 0.0 0.0
fix 2 lower setforce 0.0 0.0 0.0
fix 3 upper move NULL ${strainrate} NULL
fix 4 lower move NULL-${strainrate} NULL
fix 5 mobile nve
```
I have several uncertainties:
1. Should I fix all three degrees of freedom in fix 1 & 2 for shear deformation in the Y direction, or are specific degrees of freedom recommended?
2. In fix 3 & 4, should I use NULL or 0.0?
3. Should fix 5 be applied to only middle atoms or to all atoms?
Any insights would be greatly appreciated!
It is well known that the value accounting for the average of all grain orientations in a polycrystal ("Taylor-factor") must be bounded between the Sachs (=2.24, assuming grains as indepentent of their neighbors) and the Taylor (=3.06, assuming all grains have to be able to undergo all possible deformations, i.e. 5 indepentent slip systems should be available per grain) solutions.
However, I sometimes see authors calculating shear stress-shear strain curves from macroscopic stress-strain curves using a value of sqrt(3) [1,2]. Taking the inverse 1/sqrt(3) leads to a value of around 0.57 as an "average Schmid factor", which is obviously higher than the theoretical bound of 0.5 on the Schmid factor.
Am I not getting something here or what are these authors referring to?
Thank you very much in advance!
Niklas
[1] On page 4: Li, S., Wu, X., Liu, R., and Zhang, Z., "Full-Range Fatigue Life Prediction of Metallic Materials Using Tanaka-Mura-Wu Model," SAE Int. J. Mater. Manf. 15(2):133-153, 2022
[2] Implied in figures 15, 16: Vayssette, Bastien; Saintier, Nicolas; Brugger, Charles; El May, Mohamed; Pessard, Etienne (2019): Numerical modelling of surface roughness effect on the fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V obtained by additive manufacturing. In: International Journal of Fatigue 123, S. 180–195.
The work function of bulk silver is cited as 4.6eV. Will there be any change in the work function of the metal when the dimension is reduced to nanometer? In this case a nanowire whose diameter is less than 100 nm and length is about 10 um. Will a electrode composed of the above mentioned silver nanowire have the same work function as that of bulk silver or will there be any change due to the nanoscale dimensional constraint?
Below you can find equetion which express flow curve which describes the plastic deformation behavior of a material in a uniaxial tensile (or compression) test. I looking for books, articles which gives me information how values of C and n depends on geometry (eg. diamater and wallthicknes of drawn tube) as well as initial mechanical properties, before material work hardening. Do wires and rods of the same material but with different dimensions have a different form of the flow-curve, or does it depend only on the initial properties of the material?
I am doing some leaching experiments now on metal-bearing wastes using citric acid as lixiviant. The metals of interest are REE, Co, Mo and V. Is there any specific method for each of them to be precipitated from organic (citrate) PLS? Or are the standard methods (e.g. precipitation of V using ammonia solutions) suitable for organic PLS?
We are facing the problem of detecting ruthenium metal atom in autodocking..
Dear all
Hope you are doing well!
What are the best books in Materials Science and Engineering (Basics and Advanced)? Moreover, what are the best skills (or materials topic related) that materials scientists have to develop and to acquire?
Thanks in advance
^_^
This may be a question that might not be an intelligent one, but still, this is how we learn tight.
Is it better to call CuFeO2 copper ferrite or delafossite? I know AB2O4 are called ferrites in general.
So in this case with the ABO2 structure, can we call this cuprous ferrite?
metal carbide and nitride specly 4 5 6 group transition metal carbides and nitride.
If metal sample of 10000 atoms have been irradiated using primary knock on atom(PKA) method and and let 300 vacancies are generated and how can i show this number of vacancies in OVITO....
I am interested in removing defects during metal LPBF like orientation adjustment, residual stresses, cracks, part failure, etc.
Where can I find the publication "The theory of moving sources of heat and its application to metal treatments Trans"?
This RG discussion (thread) is an open teaching & learning talk about the use of the TB method in the solid-state.
TB has proven to be a very powerful no-relativistic quantum mechanical (NRQM) technic in order to match experimental data and theories in several branches of solid-state where quasiparticle excitations play the fundamental role, i. e., electrons and holes in metals, magnons and phonons, and Cooper pairs among other systems, it helps even in the physics of insulated systems where there is a gap between the conduction and the valence bands.
TB helps to understand more deeply into solids with respect to the free & nearly free electron models. The 3 methods create a wonderful picture of quasiparticles and interactions that take place in solids. In addition, with visualizing tools, TB becomes a very powerful method that can lead to important conclusions and give physical insight into STP complicated problems.
I learned the subject using the IV chapter (electron in a perfect lattice) of the classical book by Prof. Rudolph Peierls “Quantum Theory of Solids” – 1955 [1]. Later on, the subject of TB was popularized by another couple of classical books: Prof. Ziman’s book “Principles of the Theory of Solids” – 1972 [2] & Profs. Ashcroft and Mermin´s book “Solid State Physics” [3] - 1976. Finally, the TB method was magistrally exposed by Prof. W. A. Harrison, "Electronic Structure and Properties of Solids" [4] - 1980.
TB implies that electrons & holes which are eigenstates of the Hamiltonian are spread entirely on the crystal (like in the free & nearly free eh-models), but that they also are localized at lattice sites (free & nearly free e-models do have no such a requirement). This is a really important statement. In addition, the TB approach for example helps to understand the metal insulation transition by means of the Peierls instability & transition between metallic and insulating solid states [4].
Nowadays, there are important advances, both theoretical such as the one where using a TB approach Prof. Chris Nelson [7] still has the only model that predicted the frustration-based behavior of the structural glass transition in As2Se3, He used TB to fit experimental nuclear quadrupole resonance data (NQR). In addition, with TB there are ab initio ones using this powerful, rigorous but also, intuitive tool in the physics of the solid-state, please see for the latest news on Green functions and TB [8].
All RG community members are welcome to discuss and share teaching and research findings using the TB method. Thank you all in advance for your participation.
Main References:
[1] Rudolph Peierls: Quantum theory of Solids. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955.
[2] J.M. Ziman: Principles of the Theory of Solids, Cambridge University Press, London, 1972.
[3] N.W. Ashcroft and N.D. Mermin: Solid State Physics, HRW International Editions, 1976.
[5] W. A. Harrison, Electronic Structure and Properties of Solids, Dover, New York, 1980.
[6] Rudolph Peierls: More Surprises in Theoretical Physics. Vol. 105. Princeton University Press, 1991.
[7] W. A. Harrison
[8] Chris Nelson, A frustration based model of the structural glass transition in As2Se3 201 Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids s 398–399:48–56
[9] S. Repetsky, I. Vyshyvana, S. Kruchinin, and S. Bellucci. 2020. Tight-binding model in the theory of disordered crystals. Modern Physics Letters B Vol. 34, No. 19
Dear and Distinguished Fellows from the solid-state physics RG community.
Does have anyone read after 20 years the preprint from Prof. Laughlin A Critique of two metals?
I read it when I was a PhD student. I think his opinion after 20 years deserves more attention. Please, feel free to follow down the link to the arXiv preprint if somebody has an interest and please leave your opinion:
Article A Critique of Two Metals
With the increasing demand, the consumption of metallic materials is increasing. But the primary sources of these materials (ores) are limited. So, there is an urgent need for an efficient recycling technique to meet the increasing demand. There are mainly two techniques, powder metallurgy and casting, used for recycling metallic materials. Which is the better technique, powder metallurgy or casting?
Hi everyone, does someone know the work principles that VASP(The Vienna Ab initio simulation package) calculate elastic constant? I have checked many literature and they applied a matrix to unit cell, but I don't know if they are used by current version VASP(5.3.3). When I check OUTCAR, I can only find the elastic constants, but I cannot find where is the process, i.e, the matrix applied and the energy of strained lattice. Can someone tell me how to find those data, or introduce some literature about this?
In the (electro-) conducting materials, as I know, there is an energy gap between the valence band (VB) and the conduction band (CB) that can be brought to or near-to the Fermi level by doping (p-type or n-type dopant).
But ( My question is ), If I want to design a (semi- or super-) conductor's materials (inorganic or polymeric) , Which properties would I look for? and, also, Which characterizations would I consider for the properties' investigations? What are the requirements for the materials' property (with regard to its band structure) to achieve the considered structure-property relationships (or requirements ) for the preparation of the conducting materials?
I need to simulate the laser path with different patterns for metal additive manufacturing along with deposition of materials in ANSYS. Is there a way to do it?
What is the mechanism and method of making the steel fibers used in reinforcing concrete and what are the residues or wastes or losses caused from the manufacturing stage ?
Are there detailed industry instructions that can be obtained ?
Dear academics and science enthusiasts,
I spent some free time trying to understand about the use of materials for liquid hydrogen storage. There is a big hype about hydrogen these days.
A lot of publications are out there for decades. Loads of papers and documents focusing on hydrogen tanks for space applications (but also auto and aero sector). Even though space engineering is not my field of expertise. Still the fundamentals are the same. The tanks need to be strong, tolerant, thermally stable and light weight. Reading around available materials that have been used already. I found the followings: stainless steels, Al-Li alloys, 2xxx series alloys, 7xxx series alloys, sandwich of multi-materials, Fe-Ni based, Ti-6-4, other titanium alloys, CFRPs...
It is nearly impossible to understand a material trend. And it's also difficult to understand which properties would govern material selection. Does this also show lack of knowledge/expertise? Ashby's plots have been out for decades. Alloy choice should have been a back of the envelope exercise.
What ideal alloys could be used for liquid hydrogen storage and why? I'm mostly curious to see different viewpoints rather than trying to seek the right answer.
Cheers,
Panos
Hello,
I have been looking for a citable reference for this, but I'm not finding any.
So far I have found two links on the internet, which mention different values for it. One mentioned 17e28 1/m^3 and the other one, 8.5e28 1/m^3 (links provided below), and both seem to be blogs, so not citable.
Does anyone know which one is correct? Also, it would be really helpful if you could provide a citable reference for it.
Thank you.
1.
2.
Including the so-called kinematic hardening in phenomenological material models allows capturing the accumulation of plastic deformation in materials subjected to cyclic loadings. It determines that the size of the "elastic domain" in the deviatoric stress space remains constant and that upon plastic yielding, the domain is simply translated.
In largely deformed materials in tension, the kinematic hardening may result in a translation of the elastic domain to levels where the initial compression yield-limit becomes now a tensile stress value. This implies that upon unloading a plastically-deformed material (returning to zero loads), it may experience plastic deformation as well. My question is, is that physically possible? If yes, how can it be explained?
Dear Fellows I checked very recent literature for the P-T phase diagram by means of exp. measurements on Metallic Hydrogen.
I found several interesting papers that show its metallic phase at high pressure: Any comments please? are there any new DFT calculations for a Metallic Hydrogen P-T Phase Diagram?
1. Metallic hydrogen F Silvera et al 2018 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter in press https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/aac401
Figures 6 and 8
2. Insulator-metal transition in liquid hydrogen and deuterium
Shuqing Jiang, Nicholas Holtgrewe, Zachary M. Geballe, Sergey S. Lobanov, Mohammad F. Mahmood, R. Stewart McWilliams, Alexander F. Goncharov arXiv:1810.01360v1
Fig. 5
3. Theory of high pressure hydrogen, made simple Ioan B Magd˘au, Floris Balm and Graeme J Ackland
IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 950 (2017) 042059 doi :10.1088/1742-6596/950/4/042059
Fig. 1
4. Observation of the Wigner-Huntington transition to metallic hydrogen Ranga P. Dias, Isaac F. Silvera
Science 17 Feb 2017:
Vol. 355, Issue 6326, pp. 715-718
DOI: 10.1126/science.aal1579
Fig 1
I'm wondering if some of you are aware of existing conversion factors for levels of metallic contamination in fish muscle tissues. In the present work, I'm focusing on metallic contamination, so not currently interested in lipid content of the tissues.
Depending of the contexts, concentrations are expressed relatively to fresh or dry weight. By example, working on muscle sample is more convenient when dried, but concentrations are expressed relatively to wet weigh in European directives, requiring conversion factors.
In most of the paper I read, concentrations are expressed relatively to wet or dry weight, and are then converted using a 5 times conversion ratio. But no information about the actual measurement of the ratio is provided, and I feel this value is largely empirical.
So, is someone aware of the rationale for this value ? Are you aware of papers specifically investigating this point ?
Thanks
In our experiment, some metal surfaces are exposed to radiation heat under high vapor gas pressure.
I would like to ask if there is any way to calculate the boiling point for metals under high vapor pressure up to 1000 atm. Is it possible to use Clausius-Clapeyron relation? Is there any other formula? How to calculate the boiling point in such cases?
1. What is the difference between hydrostatic and quasi-hydrostatic pressure?
2. Are all SPD techniques providing this pressure?
As Zhilayev et al. mentioned, Multi-directional forging (MDF) not providing quasi-hydrostatic condition in www.scientific.net/DDF.385.302
In an alloy containing two different elements different in diffusion coefficient.
At high temperature, they diffuse or oscillate at different rates. Due to different oscillation rates, solute atoms possess compression force on neighboring solvent atoms.
May anyone give me a brief about this force?
I have read that to know the composition of different phases in a ternary phase diagram of metals A,B,C (at a particular temp. T), we can apply lever rule along the tie line. But, I am not sure about how to draw the tie line and how to apply lever rule along it as some procedure says to use line and few have mentioned smaller triangles to draw (tie-triangles) to know the composition of the phases. Kindly illustrate on the concept. Thanks in advance for help.
Suppose metal conc are in range from 100 ppm to 500 ppm. the remaining conc are 30, 70, 90, 123, 245 etc at eq tym (80min)
v=25ml
m= 1g
what is the main difference between PECVD and conventional CVD, and which one is better for Graphene synthesis on copper metal? and how to check the quality of the deposited Graphene?
Hi all,
sorry for double-posting, but the "discussion topic" doesn't seem to get enough attention.
We have recently started to work with Al single crystals for surface science experiments. Unfortunately, after a few cleaning cycles the crystal surface gets cloudy or "milky". Our typical cleaning cycle involves 1 kV Ar sputtering (ion current around 3-5 uA) x 30-60 min followed by annealing to 600-700 K (time varies, but typically not less than 15 min with somewhat fast ramping up and down, but no quenching). A high resolution XPS does not show any considerable amount of adsorbates or anything unusual whatsoever (some traces of oxygen which were there even for the mirror-like surface, some traces of carbon). Therefore, I suspect the crystal experienced some faceting/graining of the surface which resulted in that the surface has become mesoscopically rough. LEED spots have possibly become somewhat broader but this is really hard to estimate. Unfortunately, we had no time to perform AFM measurements on this surface. But it looks indeed as an annealing protocol is vitally important to keep the surface nice and well-defined. Therefore, I wonder if anyone else has experienced the same problem with Al (or maybe other crystals, too?) and/or knows how to overcome this issue? Maybe someone could share an annealing protocol or give a link to such a protocol if published? Tips and tricks? All meaningful opinions are welcome!
i have a question regarding dielectric constant of gold,cobalt oxide (co3O4) and n-tpe silicon . i find only one publication on this issue showing dielectric function cobalt oxide(CoO) 12.9 and gold 6.9 at 25 degree centrigrade ..can any one suggest where I can consider this for my simulations ?
Can +3 cations form tartrate complexes?
Dear colleagues,
Dear colleagues, how to perform calculations of optical properties to find the best agreement with experimental data. I'm interested in metallic alloys (conductors), i.e. simple solid solutions (FCC, BCC, HCP) and Frank-Kasper (TCP) phases. I have access to wien2k code and would like to use it for this task.
The fulid inside the journal bearing should have minimum amount of thickness so that no metal to metal contact will exist.
Is there any references or books for this ?
Some researchers are writing about this technology and saying that it has problems with interference when the product is wet or is placed where we find metal structures, as warehouses.
I want to coat monolayer of silica particles on W surface, but it is difficult to get mono-layer because of hydrophobic nature of surface. Tried Oxygen plasma treatment to get hydrophilic, but could not get ! Any suggestions/comments are welcome.
Thanks !
Dear Researchers;
I have reviewed the mechanisms which cause fatigue failure, including the Wood and the Newman mechanisms, but they are both based on the movement of dislocations and slip-planes. BUT, as I know, the fatigue failure occurs below the yield stress, which means no dislocation movement occurs. Am I wrong? if yes, what is the main reason for fatigue failure?
Imagine there is an ideal surface of a component, without any surface microcracks or so. will there be any fatigue failure in it? if so, how does it occur?
I express a recombinant protein in E. coli that requires Mg2+ and ATP to remove bound chaperones and activate the enzyme, but also requires TCEP. I currently achieve active protein, but with very low specific activity of which a large fraction exists as soluble aggregates.
We have always added all 3 of these reagents during lysis at the same time. I am wondering if this does not maximize their efficacy. The concentrations we use are 1 mM TCEP, 2 mM Mg2+, and 5 mM ATP. I know that metals can interfere with the action of TCEP, and TCEP may interfere with the action of Mg2+. Does anyone else have any experience working with these reagents together? Would it be more efficient to add these reagents step-wise, e.g. starting without Mg2+ and ATP to give the TCEP a chance to work alone and then adding the other reagents after like 10-15 minutes?
Any help you can provide will be appreciated. BTW, we use B-PER as our lysis buffer base and add these reagents to the BPER.
Thanks,
Nathan
I have a question about DC and AC Conductivity for Metals Vs Dielectrics? It may be easier to explain what I understand, and have people correct me.
For Conducting Metals, DC conductivity is usually very high. As the frequency increases the combined DC and AC conductivity starts to decrease(following Drude model), and it does so like a low pass filter so that the total conductivity of the metal is decreasing with frequency (Due to free charge mobility, and skin effect?)
For Dielectrics, the story is reversed. DC conductivity is usually very low, as they are insulators. As the frequency increases the AC conductivity increases, increasing the total system conductivity and lowering overall resistance following the universal dielectric response model. The physics here may have to do with molecular/ionic resonances, so the increase with frequency is not linear, and has peaks corresponding to resonances.
Please correct me if/where I am wrong. Please also tell me if I am right:)
Thank you very much in advance.
Edit: Better phrasing, and added a few sentences.
Dear Fellow Researchers,
I need your guidance to clarify questions a Reviewer has on estimating Ci in our binary mixture toxicity study.
Our Derivation of Ci: 1) For binary mixture, we ran separate Probit analysis for the organism’s response against each metal concentrations (C1 and C2) in the binary mixture (C1+C2). 2) We took Ci as the concentration of each metal in mixture where 50% response occurred in the Probit analysis. Reviewer says we are wrong! Hence recommended that manuscript be rejected!
Reviewer’s Suggestion on Ci: 1) Calculate concentration of binary mixture (Cmix) for the two different metals as Cmix = pi.Ci (metal 1) + pi.Ci (metal 2) where pi is proportion of each metal in the mixture. 2) Determine LC50 for Cmix. 3) Calculate the concentration of each metal (Ci) in the LC50mix.
Questions: Is it possible to combine the concentration of two different metals as a single mixture concentration?
To my knowledge, to describe mixtures of unidentical metals, one states each metal concentrations in the mixture e.g. Say we mix 2.5 ug Cd/L with 4.5 ug As/L, then one can state the binary mixture as 2.5/4.5 ug/L Cd-As or Cd/As mixture equals 2.5/4.5 ug/L. Many articles we cited gave the individual metals in the mixture separately as well and not as a combined single mixture concentration.
Could you please help clarify how possible to give a single mixture concentration for different metals?
Actually, I'm expecting answer to perform a computational program and its code related concept.
Hello everyone,
Can anyone please suggest me a good textbook/source that discusses porosity and inclusions of metals or aluminium?
I am struggling to find one.
Appreciate your time
Mohammed
How is electron-phonon scattering treated in metals in the context of transport ? I believe that the conventional deformation potential theory used for semiconductors fails in case of metals due to the presence of multiple bands around Fermi level. Is a rigorous treatment using both electron and phonon bandstructure of metals the only way to do scattering in metals ? Or are there approximations that one can use (like deformation potential theory for semiconductors) ?
I'll be making use of zinc solutions and as much as possible I don't want to cross-contaminate my samples
Hello to all :
This question is originated from the idea that every material (except for Superconductors) has a Seebeck Coefficient (S) different than zero, and from the idea that in every case when different metals or semiconductor materials are joined together, a Seebeck Effect at any scale is observed on the pair of materials.
So my question is:
When we measure the S of a given material, we place the sample between two plates at different temperatures, so we can stablish a Temperature Gradient and an unidirectional Heat Flux across the material. Then, we vary the Thermal Power imput, so we can vary the Temperature Gradient and obtain a set of Output Seebeck Voltages.
Then, we measure this Output Voltage and we plot a Graph of Delta(T) vs. Delta(V) as a linear x vs. y Graph. Finally we state that the slope of this Graph (positive for the N-Type materials and negative for P-Type) (because what we are measuring in our apparatus is the net Gradient (DeltaV/DeltaT), the formula in the Seebeck Coefficient has and additional (-) sign which turns S to a negative for N-Type semiconductors and positive por P-Type) is the Seebeck Coeff. for the material.
This measurement is always considered as if it was the absolute S coefficient of the material. But, What about the junction between the probe electrodes and our sample ? Since there is a Seebeck Voltage being generated at the junction too. Hence, our lecture from the voltmeter should be the Seebeck Coefficient of the junction: Se,s = Se - Ss
Where:
Se,s : is the Seebeck Coefficient of the junction between the sample and the electrode.
Se : is the Seebeck Coefficient of the Electrode.
Ss : is the Seebeck Coefficient of the Sample.
What do you think ?
Is this error virtually zero in practice, as much as we can ignore the effect of the Seebeck Effect of the junction electrodes/sample ?
How can we understand the fact that when we use these methods, we never talk about the contribution of he probe electrodes into the measured S Coefficient ?
Kind Regards !
Dear all :
May anyone share with me a Graph showing the curves for Temperature vs Thermal Conductivity, and Temperature vs. Electrical Conductivity/Seebeck Coefficient (in the same Graph) for distinct type of materials: (semiconductors, semiconductor alloys, metals, semimetals, etc.) showing the points in the range up to 1000°C ?
This is for use in Thermoelectric materials.
If someone can send it to me I'll appreciate it a lot
Thanks !
How do I interprete B and AT for metal adsorption? I found B and AT value 1.05 and 49.08 respectively. please tell the importance of the above mentioned parameters in biosorption?
I have to do few toxicity tests in which silver is involved. To do that i have to prepare a stock solution using silver nitrate (AgNO3) salt. The concentration of exposure in the tests is referred to silver itself, not to the compound. I need to know how much silver nitrate salt i need to have the concentration of 5 g/L of Ag. I would be really glad if someone could also explain/show the mathematical and logical reasoning behind the answer.
What are the causes and mechanisms of plastic deformation of ceramics, polymers, composites acros macro, micro and nano scales? how theses mechanisms can be compared with metal? please provide links for research articles and textbooks that introduce deformation of all four kinds of materials simultaneously
I have ploted 1/A-Ao versues 1/[M]1/3. But I am getting negative intercept in Benesi Hildebrand plot for Ligand and metal in 3:1 ratio
Octo-Alloy, also called Ashtadhatu, is a traditional alloy to produce religious idols, ornaments and sculptures in indian subcontinent. My question regarding the alloy is
- According to wikipedia,( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Ashtadhatu ), the alloy consists of gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, tin, iron and antimony or mercury . Does this alloy consisting of so many dissimilar metals undergo phase separation during casting? Are there any research papers available about microstructure of this alloy, or about phase separation prevention of this alloy?
- Again, some ornaments, especially bangles made of this alloy are made in forms of two interwinning wires of different color. Which metals are incorporated into which wire?
- Where can I get credible Archeometallurgical and contemporary methods of casting (temperature, composition, time)and metalworking ( embossing, scribing) of this alloy? Was this work of a jeweler, a sculptor or a metallurgist?
- Is there any possibility that the alloy is a high-entropy alloy? Have there been any research on molecular dynamics simulation of high entropy alloy of these particular alloying elements? I have not found any in interatomic potential repository
- Had there been any research on MEDICAL (NOT ASTROLOGICAL) benefit of using octo-alloy( more specifically its self-disinfecting capability and heavy metal poisoning hazard)?
alkali roasting of graphite
Hello everyone,
I would like to know if someone have a reference or a possible explanation about if ketones (2-propanone or ethyl acetate) could coordinate to iron (metal or cation)?
Since ketones present two pair of free electron availables, I suppose that could coordinate to iron because this metal present a free d-orbital.
Nevertheless, I did not found an article or research about this.
Could some one help me?
Kind regards,
Julián.
Are there any standard procedures or scientific price list to evaluate the cost of the materials (for industrial mass production)? I want to compare the price of alloys based on its elemental content. I know that the metal costs fluctuate but any scientific procedure to evaluate the alloy cost?
Thanks.
We need an artefact-free preparation of AA2024-T3 for EBSD investigations? Does anybody have recommendations?
Metals & Mining is an important industry for both developing and developed countries. The aim of the question is to find what new trends and technological modifications are happening in this industry which may have any disruptive impact on the whole industry from the point of view of energy sector. Like there could be new ways mining is done or any new ways an ore can be extracted which consumes less power or is more sustainable. Or are there any specific ores which consumes lot of energy and which needs improvements in overall technology.
Dear followers, I'm actively working on different ways to valorize biomass in biobased economy : bioenergy is not the first way of valorization which could be favoured (Lansink valorization). What can we do with Salix species which have grown on polluted soils ? If metals are capted by plantes, can we extract metals ? or other high value molecules ? Which plants do industries need ? or you as researchers ?
Do you need biomass ? Which one ? How many ?
Please.. give me some informations about that.
Aricia a.evlard@valbiom.be - follow my projet for Wallonia.
My question is related to density measurement by Archimedes principle.
1. Does the amount of liquid in which the density of metal piece is being measured also matters?
2. Does the size of container affects the measured density?
3. Does this method give accurate density calculation for metal piece with weight above 1kg?
4. What should be the ideal position of metal object in water? Either it should be close to the surface or close to the bottom of container?
I am interested in Bioleaching method.
sheet metal, fiber metal laminate or sandwich structure forming
i want to know which elements (specially metals) have enrichment in brines and/or oilfield brines and what origin of them.
Im trying to find out if it would be possible to create a stencil from a metal plate by removing a thin strip of material all the way through. The groove would need dimensions of : 100nm wide and about 500 micrometres deep. The length doesn't really matter. Im trying to think of ways to grow nanowires using a metal stencil instead of growing onto a layer of resist and removing via liftoff. Iv heard that FIB can reach the resolution I need but not sure if it could reach the depths im looking for.
Any suggestions? Thankyou
I'm intersted by the eliashberg spectral function which represent an important information about the contribution of the frequencies of phonons on the creation of the electron-phonon coupling strenght .
Dear colleagues,
Would any of you guide me to literature papers or websites which compiled the temperature dependent (T>1000K) oxidation rates of various materials (metals, ceramiques, plastics, etc)?
Thank you very much for your attention.
Best regards.
Adrien.
I am trying to synthesize hydroxy acetyl coumarin schiff base complexes via different metals. common reported procedures for complex synthesizing did not result in any conclusion. any suggestions???
It is known that bulk materials and thin films represent two different universes in terms of diffusion controlled transformations. Are commonly used phase diagrams, mainly made using bulk materials investigations, can find application in the exploration of thin films?
Dear colleagues, what is your opinion on this topic?
As you know, for High SFE materials, cDRX is the possible mechanism for convert Low angle grain boundaries (LAGB) to High angle grain boundaries (HAGB) during strengthening. But generally cDRX happen at high temperatures and instead of that, fragmentation mechanism is suggested. what are the intrinsic features of both of them and how can we distinguish cDRX from fragmentation?