Medical Statistics - Science topic

Introduction and objective: The risks and benefits of medication use in pregnancy are typically established through post-marketing observational studies. As there is currently no standardised or systematic approach to the post-marketing assessment of medication safety in pregnancy, data generated through pregnancy pharmacovigilance (PregPV) resear...

Systematic review 1. * Review title. Efficacy and safety of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials using ROME IV criteria 2. * Anticipated or actual start date. 01 October 2021 3. * Anticipated completion date. November 2022 4.* Stage of review at time of this sub...

Introduction. Pregnant women are at a higher risk of a severe course of the coronavirus infection, including severe acute respiratory syndrome. They were identified as vulnerable groups with recommendations to take additional precautions since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the study is to investigate the frequency and structure of...

Background: Composite endpoints for estimating treatment efficacy are routinely used in several therapeutic areas and have become complex in the number and types of component outcomes included. It is assumed that its components are of similar asperity and chronology between both treatment arms as well as uniform in magnitude of the treatment effec...

Background. The industrial city of Zhezkazgan is one of the most important cities in the industrial sector and the most polluted city in the Republic of Kazakhstan. There is placed Kazakhstan’s largest copper smelter. The entire technological process (extraction, crushing, grinding, purification, and smelting of pure ingots) of the production of th...

Vaccination against COVID-19 is designed to provide herd immunity. However, there are cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection after vaccination. Using Python software, we calculated the number of SARS-CoV-2 infections per 100,000 adults after the first and second vaccinations as at July 23, 2021, conducted in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation. After the fir...

Many Polish patients do not inform physicians about supplements they use in addition to prescribed medicines. This may be because they consider dietary supplements as being rather natural products that cannot cause health problems. Although dietary supplements may produce side effects, Poland's food safety system and medical statistics do not recog...

Aim. The research aims at rationalizing of the epidemiological component in the process of developing a model for preventing miscarriage among the female population of Ukraine. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of the indicators of miscarriage among the female population of Ukraine and Lviv region for the period from 2014 to 2021 was...

Атеросклеротичні зміни стінок судин починаються ще в дитячому віці, особливо за наявності такого фактора ризику, як сімейної гіперхолестеринемії (СГ), але можуть перебігати субклінічно, що потребує лікувально-профілактичних заходів. Мета - вивчити ліпідний профіль, товщину комплексу інтима-медіа сонної артерії, показників артеріального тиску та їх...

Background: As part of the Covid-19-restrictions in Switzerland, a federal ban on non-urgent examinations and treatments was applied to all hospitals during six weeks in spring 2020 (“spring lockdown”). The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on Swiss inpatient admissions based on data of a...

In Russia, since the end of XIX century the statistical method became the main method of cognition in public health (social hygiene). The article is devoted to the study of academic literature on theory of public health statistics in Russia and the USSR in the 1880s-1930s. The first experience in Russia of description of statistics in educational l...

Sexual abuse against children causes a real public response that supports active discussions on the problem of sexual actions against minors both in the legislation, where new legal norms are proposed to regulate and prevent such of-fensive behavior, and in the medical community, since in some cases the mechanisms of such offenses are associated wi...

For the first time in the territory of the Russian Far East, a study related to the establishment of correlations between air quality and public health in Ulan-Ude (Buryatia, Russia) was carried out. This study is based on the analysis of official medical statistics on morbidity over several years, the data on the composition and volume of emission...

The book was inadvertently published with an incorrect affiliation. Ermolaos Ververis is affiliated to National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Athens, Greece and EFSA, Nutrition and Food Innovation Unit, Novel Foods Team, Parma, Italy.

Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a technique used in medical statistics to combine evidence from multiple medical trials. NMA defines an inference and information processing problem on a network of treatment options and trials connecting the treatments. We believe that statistical physics can offer useful ideas and tools for this area, including from...

Unit distributions are typically used in probability theory and statistics to illustrate useful quantities with values between zero and one. In this paper, we investigated an appropriate transformation to propose the unit-exponentiated half-logistic distribution (UEHLD), which is also beneficial for modelling data on the unit interval. This distrib...

Training and encouraging students to critically review the evidence and make evidence-based decisions should be one of the goals of medical education. We report our experience developing an extracurricular university student statistical team that offer statistical aid to other students and faculty. This includes supervised training sessions and men...

Introduction: the relevance of determining national trends in prevalence of diseases among the adult population in Ukraine is high, as it solves several important medical, social and economic problems of society. The aim: to determine national trends in prevalence of diseases among the adult population in Ukraine and Kharkiv region. Materials and m...

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the organizational effectiveness of the introduction of a healthcare information system (electronic medical records and databases) in healthcare in Kazakhstan. Methods: The authors used a combination of 2. Methods: expert assessment and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT)...

Introduction and objectives: Indoor Morbidity and Mortality Return (IMMR) is the main source of morbidity data. This return is collected quarterly by the Medical Statistics Unit (MSU) from all government hospitals which have indoor facilities. Hospitals that have computer and internet facilities can send their data through eIMMR. Accurate, detailed...

Sarcopenia is a relatively new diagnosis for medical statistics and the healthcare system. However, it represents a social and economic burden on the healthcare due to the large number of possible adverse outcomes such as increased risk of falls, physical disability, longer hospital stays and increased mortality. Although there is no specialized me...

Objective ‒ to analyze the clinical course of patients with intracerebral hypertensive hemorrhages depending on age and gender.Materials and methods. An analysis of the treatment of 238 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhages, who were treated at the Kyiv City Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care from 2018‒2019, was conducted. T...

Significance The relevance of the study lies in the systematic analysis of scientific and methodological approaches to the study and evaluation of health care as a multidimensional and multi-level system. Aim: to systematise the results of original research aimed at examining the effectiveness of health care. Methods A retrospective categorical and...

Purpose The neuroimaging research community—which includes a broad range of scientific, medical, statistical, and engineering disciplines—has developed many tools to advance our knowledge of brain structure, function, development, aging, and disease. Past research efforts have clearly shaped clinical practice. However, translation of new methodolog...

Introduction DSM-5, ICD-10, and ICD-11 classifications can be described as „incoherent“. Psychopathology depends on “time of damage and resilience” ratio. Continuums of mental disorders compose a table, like a periodic table of chemical elements. Similar psychopathology can have different neurobiological origin, and vice versa. Objectives Current...

Cerebral palsy is one of the most widespread nervous diseases for children [1]. From data of VOOZ annually there is growth of quantity of children with disabilities, including cerebral palsy. According to the Center for Medical Statistics of Ukraine, children with disabilities make up about 2% of the child population, thus relative majority - are c...

The distinguishable absorption contrast among healthy gastric tissues, carcinoma in situ and cancer tissues in the THz frequency range is one of the keys to realizing gastric cancer diagnosis by THz imaging. Based on microwave devices and a sub-wavelength fiber, we developed a fast-scanning THz imaging system combined with the principle of surface...

(1) Background: This paper aims to examine two relevant phenomena in the context of public health: spontaneous abortion (SA) and induced abortion (IA). SA is one of the most common complications of pregnancies; IA is a conscious choice that is made by the mother/couple. (2) Methods: Permutation tests were applied to SA and IA standardized rates det...

2020 г., № 1 Scientific journal «Current problems of health care and medical statistics» 2020 г., № 1 1 Министерство здравоохранения Архангельской области, г. Архангельск 2 ФГБОУ ВО «Северный государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, г. Архангельск Введение. В Российской Федерации до настоящего врем...

Ukraine is on the list of countries with a high incidence of malignant neoplasms (MN). Among the adult population of Ukraine and European countries, the most common cancers are malignant neoplasms of the respiratory system (MNRS). High priorities in the continuation of MNRS research are determined by high rates of initially neglected cases of respi...

Mobile communication is an application of technology. It allows you to communicate with other people in different places without using any physical connection like wires or cables. Mobile communication makes our life easier and it saves time and effort. Next-generation wireless e-health technologies are a new and emerging topic in telemedicine and...

The prevalence of chronic diseases during pregnancy and adverse maternal obstetric outcomes in Switzerland has been insufficiently studied. Data sources, which reliably capture these events, are scarce. We conducted a nationwide observational cross-sectional study (2012–2018) using data from the Swiss Hospital Medical Statistics (MS) dataset. To qu...

Background: Cancer patients, being immunocompromised, are at higher risk of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The current study determines cancer patients' knowledge, attitude, perception, and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Pakistan from 1 April 2020 to 1 May 2020. The study respondents we...

Objectives The National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority introduced a series of Drug Prices Control Orders since 1970 to regulate the prices of essential medicines in India. This study evaluated the impact of the Drug Prices Control Order of 2013 on the utilization of anticancer medicines in the Indian private sector. Methods We used monthly sales...

Background Constructivism theory has suggested that constructing students’ own meaning is essential to successful learning. The erroneous example can easily trigger learners’ confusion and metacognition, which may “force” students to process the learning material and construct meaning deeply. However, some learners exhibit a low level of elaboratio...

Annotation. The prevalence of oral diseases in the population of Ukraine is constantly growing. Planning approaches to improving the oral health of communities requires the study of its regional differences, which determines the urgency of the problem. The aim of the study – to study the regional differences in the state of oral health of the popul...

Aims: To compare the correlates of foot self-care behaviours among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) adults with and without comorbid heart failure (HF). Design: Cross-sectional, correlational, comparative design. Methods: A 210 T2D adults (105 with HF and 105 without HF) participated from August-December 2020. Foot self-care behaviour was measur...

The present study sought to determine how changes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected asthma metrics in a majority African American pediatric population at a pediatric pulmonology clinic in a community hospital in New York. Methods This is a retrospective, pre-post, comparative cross-sectional study that included chil...

Objectives Although the media can influence public perceptions and utilisation of healthcare, journalists generally receive no routine training in interpreting and reporting on medical research. Given growing evidence about the problems of medical overuse, the need for quality media reporting has become a greater priority. This study aimed to codes...

Background: The randomized controlled trial (RCT) is the gold standard in evidence-based medicine. However, this design may not be appropriate in every setting, so other methods or designs such as the regression discontinuity design (RDD) are required. Method: The aim of this article is to introduce the RDD, summarise methodology in the context of...

Background Risk literacy, i.e., the ability to calculate and apply risk parameters, represents a key competence for risk communication and medical decision making. However, risk literacy is reportedly low in medical students. The successful acquisition of statistical competencies is often difficult, and can be hampered by emotional learning obstacl...

Aim. To study and assess the components of the trademark complex, as well as to determine the market power of anti-allergic drugs on the example of Cetirizine. Materials and methods. Scientific publications, reports of the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine and the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the results o...

Dicembre 2020 Vincitrice di una Borsa di Studio, classificata al primo posto, Master Universitario 2 Livello in "Prodotti Nutraceutici dalla ricerca e sviluppo al marketing" Facoltà di Farmacia, Dipartimento di eccellenza 2018-2022, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II Coordinatore Prof Maria Daglia Maggio 2022 Master 2 Livello, 110 e lode...

As a result of the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) outbreak, the present COVID-19 public health crisis has resulted in the loss of human life as well as significant economic disruptions. Using a machine-learning algorithm, we can determine if a patient is more likely to survive than die, or the other way around, for a p...

Aim. Analyze changes in the performance of specialized institutions providing medical care to infectious patients in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, compare them with the “pre-Covid” period (2015–2019) and suggest ways to improve the activities of the infectious service. Material and methods. The materials of the study were the official stat...

Objective Salivation is a double-edged sword. It is desired for its protective function to the oral structures but undesirable due to the need for isolation during dental procedures. Atropine sulphate drops are known to decrease salivary secretion due to their muscarinic antagonistic activity. The present study was undertaken to quantitatively asse...

Background: Parastomal hernia presents frequently after construction of a permanent end colostomy. Previous guidelines recommend using a prophylactic mesh for hernia prevention. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published hereafter demonstrate conflicting outcomes. Methods and Analysis: A rapid guideline will be developed and reported in accordan...

Statistical analysis is critical in medical research. The objective of this article is to summarize the appropriate use and reporting of commonly used statistical methods in medical research, on the basis of existing statistical guidelines and the authors’ experience in reviewing manuscripts, to provide recommendations for statistical applications...

This book collects the lectures of a short course in Medical Statistics held during the 2022 edition of the Master in Medical Physics by the Abdus Salam International Center of Theoretical Physics in Miramare, Trieste, Italy.

Objective Information literacy is an important foundation for evidence-based nursing practice. Quantitative studies using validated questionnaires on information literacy of nursing undergraduates in China are rare. The students’ baseline information literacy must be evaluated before exploring ways to improve their level of information literacy. Th...

Background Evidence and practice recommendations on the use of transanal total mesorectal excision (TaTME) for rectal cancer are conflicting. Objective We aimed to summarize best evidence and develop a rapid guideline using transparent, trustworthy, and standardized methodology. Methods We developed a rapid guideline in accordance with GRADE, G-I...

Clinical signs of systemic connective tissue dysplasia in children with acute and recurrent torticollis were studied. 225 clinical cases were analyzed. The predominance of joint hypermobility and asthenic physique in the group of children with recurrent torticollis was revealed and proved by the medical statistics methods. In this group, such skele...

Why E-Health? It’s introduction will lead to the saving of human lives through better quality of diagnosis and the possibility of much more accurate medical statistics. E-Health is a sustainable and reliable approach to traditional medicine and the method of solving problems related to the demographic environment of the population. More and more me...

Annotation. Providing high-quality and affordable dental care to the population requires monitoring the medical staff of the dental service. Purpose: to analyze the state and problems of human resources of the dental service of the system of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine in 2010-2020. Using the medical-statistical method, the statistical data o...

Network meta-analysis (NMA) is a technique used in medical statistics to combine evidence from multiple medical trials. NMA defines an inference and information processing problem on a network of treatment options and trials connecting the treatments. We believe that statistical physics can offer useful ideas and tools for this area, including from...

Teaching practical skills is of particular interest in the study of human medicine. With regard to medical statistics this means the use of statistical software, which may be effectively taught by a flipped classroom approach. As a pilot study, we designed and implemented an elective course on medical statistics that focused on hands-on data analys...

Introduction: There are limited published data regarding the recent incidence trends of cancer in Iraqi Kurdistan. Methods: The present study assessed the epidemiological estimates of cancer incidence, as well providing a projection of future cancer trends in the upcoming decade by analysing the population-based cancer registry between 2013 and 20...

Introduction. Measuring the quality of health care in a country is one of the essential features of health quality improvement systems. The Aim of the Study. Studying the experience of countries with strong economies in monitoring and evaluating the quality of health care, comparing with domestic experience in this area. Materials and methods. The...

Background Inappropriate use of acute hospital beds is a major topic in health politics. We present here a new approach to measure unnecessary hospitalizations in Medicine and Pediatrics. Methods The necessity of a hospital admission was determined using explicit criteria related to the recorded diagnoses. Two indicators (i.e. “unjustified” and “s...

Anumana means the cognition coming in to being after perception or Paramarsha. Inference is an important source of knowledge in the field of diagnosis and treatment. The symptoms described by the patient help the physician to interrogate further and to infer about the disease. Here the Anumana and Linga Paramarsha are correlated with some related m...

Problem-based learning (PBL) allows students to learn medical statistics through problem solving experience. The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of PBL modules implemented in the blended learning courses in medical statistics through knowledge outcomes and student satisfaction. The pilot study was designed as a randomized controlled...

Panagiotis Kousiouris,1,* Olga Klavdianou,1,* Konstantinos AA Douglas,1 Nikolaos Gouliopoulos,2 Klio Chatzistefanou,1 Maria Kantzanou,3 Georgios S Dimtsas,1 Marilita M Moschos1 1 1st Department of Ophthalmology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, “G. Gennimatas” General Hospital, Athens, Greece; 2 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Natio...

Objective. The establishment and substantiation of biostatistical trends in the state of mortality of the population of Ukraine due to diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) in the context of the place of residence of the deceased for the period 2009-2019.Material and methods. An epidemiological, one-time, continuous, prospective scientific s...

Aim. To analyze the medical and demographic situation in Ukraine and Transcarpathian Region (Zakarpatska oblast) as a platform for comparing the changes that have taken place in the country as a whole and its region and the basis for the strategic planning of medical care. Materials and Methods. The research materials were based on data from the S...

The aim of our study was to analyze the results of a survey conducted by family doctors, family pediatricians with clarification of their attitude to the prevention of visual impairment in children. Materials and Methods. Results of a sociological survey conducted among family doctors and family pediatricians in Ukraine (504 questionnaires). Method...

Rare (orphan) diseases (RD) are a global priority for health systems. In Europe, including Ukraine, the disease is considered rare with a prevalence of 1 patient per 2,000 population. To date, by the orphanet data, 6,172 unique rare diseases have been discovered. An important issue today is the understanding and analysis of data on the prevalence o...

The article presents an analysis of the results of state and sectoral statistical reports of dental healthcare institutions, which were submitted to the State Institution “Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine” in 2020. As of January 1, 2021, 22,180 general dental practitioners and 766 dentists provided dental care to t...

Dear Editor,We read with interest the article by Li and colleagues on the association between ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACE-I/ARB) use and in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients (1). The authors concluded that the use of ARB was associated with a significant reduction in in-hospital mortality among African American (AA) p...

Dear Editor,We appreciate Albuquerque, et al.'s interest in our paper [1,2], who raised the concern that we did not accurately interpret the interaction test, noting that "one should directly compare the estimates (interaction test)" and "the authors concluded that the association was only present in the AA population, which is not compatible with...

The aim: to consider the existing methods of diagnosis, clinical course and treatment of most common malignant tumors of soft tissues of maxillofacial area and oral cavity. Materials and methods. Method of economical analysis, method of system analysis, medical – statistical method, mathematical modeling method, information-analytical method. Resul...

Purpose Applying machine learning in medical statistics offers more accurate prediction models. In this paper, we aimed to compare the performance of the Cox Proportional Hazard model (CPH), Classification and Regression Trees (CART), and Random Survival Forest (RSF) in short-, and long-term prediction in glioblastoma patients. Methods We extracted...

Photo by Aditya Romansa on Unsplash ABSTRACT Studies and policy advancement have long excluded a keystone niche within the development of the healthcare decision-making process: the parental perspective. Incorporating narrative-based accounts of parents who have encountered traumatic occurrences in the healthcare system can help develop a respect f...

The literature about eye, ear, nose, skin, and nervous system disorders in women with Turner syndrome is equivocal. Impaired vision and hearing in women with Turner syndrome have been described, and case reports of Turner syndrome girls suffering from epilepsy have been published, but no large population-based-studies have explored the occurrence o...

Aims of the study: In Switzerland, drivers over the age of 75 must undergo a medical assessment of their fitness to drive every 2 years. This assessment is usually carried out by a general practitioner (GP). Since 2016, physicians require official accreditation (so-called level 1 competence) to perform these examinations. This can be obtained eith...

Introduction: Achieving a high level of social welfare requires investment in human capital, and its sufficiency and rational use is a necessary condition for the development of the state. The health of the nation as a factor of state formation and security of the state is a basic component of human capital and competitiveness of the country and is...

This book stems from the need I felt to learn, use and explain some fundamental concepts of medical statistics. Unfortunately, this topic is often hostile and poorly digested. It is not easy to explain clinical decisions based on statistical concepts. But it is right that the attending physician tries to explain the possible therapeutic options wi...

Background Seasonal influenza has major implications for healthcare services as outbreaks often lead to high activity levels in health systems. Being able to predict when such outbreaks occur is vital. Mathematical models have extensively been used to predict epidemics of infectious diseases such as seasonal influenza and to assess effectiveness of...

The article presents the results of the study of sulfur-containing gases (carbon disulfide, CS2, and dimethyl sulfide, C2H6S) in the air above the sulfide tailings and in the soils in Komsomolsk settlement. Concentrations of CS2 (gas of the second hazard class) and C2H6S (gas of the fourth hazard class) in the air above the tailings exceeded the av...

BACKGROUND. Among countries of Europe in Ukraine the incidence and mortality rate from tuberculosis (TB), including the incidence of the relapses in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (RPT), remain high. Absence of the national program of fight from TB, lack of financing of anti-TB measures, unsatisfactory statistical information confirm the nece...

The current COVID-19 public health crisis, caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), has produced a devastating toll both in terms of human life loss and economic disruption. In this paper we present a machine-learning algorithm capable of identifying whether a given patient (actually infected or suspected to be infect...

The ISO 15189 standard for medical laboratories is in the middle of its revision process. The working group, structured in drafting groups for individual parts of the standard, receives some guidance from the ISO CASCO top: use as a template and follow a process like the one used for the revision of ISO/IEC17025:2017, drafting by small groups, revi...

Due to the fact that previous studies have rarely investigated the recognition rate discrepancy and pathology data error when applied to different databases, the purpose of this study is to investigate the improvement of recognition rate via deep learning-based liver lesion segmentation with the incorporation of hospital data. The recognition model...