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# Medical Physics - Science topic

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Publications related to Medical Physics (10,000)
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Article
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The evaluation of radiation burden in vivo is crucial in modern radiology as stated also in the European Directive 2013/59/Euratom—Basic Safety Standard. Although radiation dose monitoring can impact the justification and optimization of radiological procedure, as well as effective patient communication, standardization of radiation monitoring soft...
Article
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In this paper, we study nonlocal dynamics of a nonlinear delay differential equation. This equation with different types of nonlinearities appears in medical, physical, biological, and ecological applications. The type of nonlinearity in this paper is a generalization of two important for applications types of nonlinearities: piecewise constant and...
Article
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Background SARS-CoV-2 is an infectious virus, which has generated a global pandemic. Israel was one of the first countries to vaccinate its population, inaugurating the program on December 20, 2020. The objective of the current study is to investigate the projected daily COVID19 mortality growth rate with higher median age and population size of ci...
Presentation
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This research was presented as an oral talk at the XVII Medical Physics Mexican Symposium (MPMS). In this work we presented the results of the use of convolutional neural networks (CNN) to correct cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images for scattered radiation. We use Monte Carlo simulated image to train the deep learning algorithm and we use U...
Preprint
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This paper developed a seed-mediated synthesis of $\alpha$-Al$_2$O$_3$ by the combustion method using halloysite nanocrystals as seeds and analyzed the dosimetric characteristics of these samples, including radioluminescence (RL), thermoluminescence (TL), and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). Both SEM images and XRD pointed to the halloysite...
Article
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Radiochromic films are used as position-sensitive dose meters in e.g. medical physics and radiation processing. The currently available films like those based on lithium-10,12-pentacosdiynoate or leucomalachite green are either toxic or non-reusable, or both. There is thus a great need for a sustainable solution for radiochromic detection. In the p...
Article
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The quality factor (Q) is formally linked to the stochastic (e.g., carcinogenic) risk of diverse ionizing radiations at low doses and/or low dose rates. Q can be a function of the non-stochastic physical quantity Linear Energy Transfer (LET) or the microdosimetric parameter lineal energy (y). These two physical quantities can be calculated either b...
Article
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Purpose Cyberattacks on health care systems have been on the rise over the past 5 years. Formulation and implementation of a robust postattack business continuity plan and/or contingency plan (CP) is essential for minimal disruption to patient care. The level of awareness and planning within the radiation oncology community for cyberattacks is not...
Article
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We present comprehensive mathematical modeling of radiopharmaceutical spatiotemporal distributions within vascularized solid tumors. The novelty of the presented model is at mathematical level. From the mathematical viewpoint, we provide a general modeling framework for the process of radiopharmaceutical distribution in the tumor microenvironment t...
Article
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This paper reviews the technical ecosystem of Gate, an open-source Monte Carlo simulator for medical physics. Based on the shoulders of Geant4, the principal modules (geometry, physics, scorers) are described together with brief descriptions of some key concepts (Volume, Actors, Digitizer). The main source code repositories are described together w...
Article
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In this prospective study in Swedish elderly men, PAD based on an ABI < 0.9 was associated with an increased risk of hip fracture, independent of age and hip BMD. However, after further adjustments for comorbidity, medications, physical function, and socioeconomic factors, the association diminished and was no longer statistically significant.Intro...
Conference Paper
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Optical fiber-based detector technology is highly appreciated and developed in the field of medical physics. Through its fiber-optic wave pattern performance, this detector has great potential for monitoring difficult-to-calculate parameters such as airflow in the lungs. To realize this reality, a theoretical and experimental approach is needed in...
Article
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The financing of long-term care and the planning of care capacity are of increasing interest due to demographic changes and the ageing population in many countries. Since many care-intensive conditions begin to manifest at higher ages, a better understanding and assessment of the expected costs, required infrastructure, and number of qualified pers...
Preprint
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The reaction $^{96}$Zr($\alpha$,n)$^{99}$Mo plays an important role in $\nu$-driven wind nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae and is a possible avenue for medical isotope production. Cross section measurements were performed using the activation technique at the Edwards Accelerator Laboratory. Results were analyzed along with world data on t...
Article
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The first magnetic resonance (MR)-guided radiotherapy system in Japan was installed in May 2017. Implementation of online MR-guided adaptive radiotherapy (MRgART) began in February 2018. Online MRgART offers greater treatment accuracy owing to the high soft-tissue contrast in MR-images (MRI), compared to that in X-ray imaging. The Japanese Society...
Article
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The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) is a nonprofit professional society whose primary purposes are to advance the science, education, and professional practice of medical physics. The AAPM has more than 8000 members and is the principal organization of medical physicists in the United States. The AAPM will periodically define...
Article
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Purpose : While disparities in the inclusion and advancement of women and minorities in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medical fields have been well-documented, less work has focused on medical physics specifically. In this study, we evaluate historical and current diversity within the medical physics workforce, in cohorts repre...
Article
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This work presents a comprehensive analytical approach to describe photoacoustic waves resulting from a pulsed laser excitation. The spatial part of the laser is modeled by a zeroth-order Bessel function of the first kind, which has a wide range of applications in optics and medical physics, such as optical trapping and nonlinear effects resulting...
Article
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Head and neck surgery is a fine surgical procedure with a complex anatomical space, difficult operation and high risk. Medical Image Computing (MIC) that enables accurate and reliable preoperative planning is often needed to reduce the operational difficulty of surgery and to improve patient survival. At present, Artificial Intelligence (AI), espec...
Article
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and pancreatic B cell dysfunction. Hyperglycemia can cause several complications, including nephrological, neurological, ophthalmological, and vascular complications. Many modalities, such as medication, physical therapies, and exercise, are dev...
Preprint
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The Second Biennal African Conference on Fundamental and Applied Physics (ACP) took place in March 2022. The scientific program included three summary reports on the African Strategy for Fundamental and Applied Physics (ASFAP). Here, the summary report of "Particle Physics and related applications" groups (Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics, Medical...
Article
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Medical physicists and their respective workplace across the Asia and Oceania region has been dramatic because of the impact of COVID-19. Medical Physicists are under varying levels of stress and burn out during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and this is adversely affecting their working conditions in clinical practices. We present a broad review to...
Preprint
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Radio-isotopes produced via proton induced reaction holds special significance regarding nuclear medicine, astrophysical p-process, theragnostic and diagnostic processes. $^{76}$Br, $^{80m}$Br and $^{61}$Cu are positron emitter and they are useful in the functional studies via Positron Emission Tomography (PET), whereas $^{77}$Br bears the potentia...
Article
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Intracavitary brachytherapy (BT, Interventional Radiotherapy, IRT), plays an essential role in the curative intent of locally advanced cervical cancer, for which the conventional approach involves external beam radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy followed by BT. This work aims to review the different methodologies used by commercially availab...
Article
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The prevalent availability of high-performance computing coupled with validated computerized simulation platforms as open-source packages have motivated progress in the development of realistic anthropomorphic computational models of the human anatomy. The main application of these advanced tools focused on imaging physics and computational interna...
Article
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The Association of South-East Asian Nations, ASEAN, was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the Bangkok Declaration signed by the Founders of ASEAN, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Brunei Darussalam, Viet Nam, Lao PDR and Myanmar, and Cambodia were later joined, making up what is today the ten Me...
Article
Full-text available
Optical fiber-based detector technology is highly appreciated and developed in the field of medical physics. Through its fiber-optic wave pattern performance, this detector has great potential for monitoring difficult-to-calculate parameters such as airflow in the lungs. To realize this reality, a theoretical and experimental approach is needed in...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose: To develop a checklist that improves the rate of error detection during the plan review of automatically generated radiotherapy plans. Methods: A custom checklist was developed using guidance from American Association of Physicists in Medicine task groups 275 and 315 and the results of a failure modes and effects analysis of the Radiati...
Article
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In Sweden, conscription around age 18y was mandatory for young men until June 30, 2010. From July 1, 2017, it became mandatory again for both sexes but the proportion of summoned people for standardised testing has so far been low. This paper describes the history, structure and content of the Swedish Military Conscription Register (SMCR). We retri...
Article
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Introduction: The roles and responsibilities of medical physicists (MPs) are growing together with the evolving science and technology. The complexity of today’s clinical trials requires the skills and knowledge of MPs for their safe and efficient implementation. However, it is unclear to what extent the skillsets offered by MPs are being exploited...
Thesis
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Prior to the IMRT/VMAT treatment techniques the Quality Assurance (QA) paradigm was one of routine linac QA supplemented by plan specific independent Monitor Unit checks and simple checks of data transfer. With the introduction of IMRT/VMAT treatment techniques the paradigm changed to include a patient specific measurement to ensure acceptable p...
Article
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Cyberattacks on health care facilities are increasing and significantly affecting health care delivery throughout the world. The recent cyberattack on our hospital-based radiation facility exposed vulnerabilities of radiation oncology systems and highlighted the dependence of radiation treatment on integrated and complex radiation planning, deliver...
Poster
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The new pandemic called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as a global public health emergency, caused an exceptional lockdown, resulting in higher rates of physical, mental and well-being consequences in elderly residents of the community. According to recent systematic reviews, there is a consensus that multifactorial (MF) (Gomes et al., 2019)...
Article
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Purpose: A diamond detector prototype was recently proposed by Marinelli et al (Medical Physics 2022, https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.15473) for applications in Ultra-High-Dose-Per-Pulse (UH-DPP) and Ultra-High-Dose-Rate (UH-DR) beams, as used in FLASH radiotherapy. In the present study, such so-called flashDiamond (fD) was investigated from the dosime...
Article
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Surface guidance systems enable patient positioning and motion monitoring without using ionising radiation. Surface Guided Radiation Therapy (SGRT) has therefore been widely adopted in radiation therapy in recent years, but guidelines on workflows and specific quality assurance (QA) are lacking. This ESTRO-ACROP guideline aims to give recommendatio...
Article
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Proton therapy has the potential to provide survival and tumor control outcomes comparable and frequently superior to photon therapy. This has led to a significant concern in the medical physics community on the risk for the induction of second cancers in all patients and especially in younger patients, as they are considered more radiosensitive th...
Article
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For the past few decades, fibre-optic dosimeters (FODs) have been a focus of research for dosimetry with LINACs, owing to a unique set of advantageous qualities: compact dosimeter sizes, an all optical composition (i.e. no wires or electronics around their sensitive volume), real-time response proportional to the absorbed dose-rate in their sensiti...
Article
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Background For more than 150 years, war surgery has been at the heart of the humanitarian assistance offered by the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in conflict zones around the world. Mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) is increasingly recognized as an integral part of the medical care offered to this highly vulnerable gr...
Article
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The Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations require employers to appoint suitable medical physics experts (MPE) for Nuclear Medicine services, and they also define the areas where MPEs are required to provide advice and specify matters that they must contribute towards. Applications for employer licences under IR(ME)R require employers to...
Presentation
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Electroencephalography, EEG 1- Action potential as sources of signals. 2- What is action potential? 3- Nerve is source of brain bio-signals.�Sensory ? What else? The nerves carry the information from organs to brain are sensory nerves. They serve as message carriers for the brain. Motor nerves carry from the brain to the muscles and glands. Mixe...
Article
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Objective: Asthma is the most common chronic lung disease in childhood. Difficult-to-treat asthma is defined as the continuation of symptoms or attacks of patients despite step 4 or 5 of Global Initiative for Asthma therapy. In the differential diagnosis of these patients, flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy is recommended to exclude other lung disea...
Article
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Purpose: To better meet clinical needs and facilitate optimal treatment planning, we added two new electron energy beams (7 and 11 MeV) to two Varian TrueBeam linacs. Methods: We worked with the vendor to create two additional customized electron energies without hardware modifications. For each beam, we set the bending magnet current and then o...
Article
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Introduction The locoregional failure (LRF) rate in human papilloma virus (HPV)-negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) remains disappointingly high and toxicity is substantial. Response prediction prior to or early during treatment would provide opportunities for personalised treatment. Currently, there are no accurate predictive mo...
Article
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Purpose/Objective: The McMedHacks workshop and presentation series was created to teach individuals from various backgrounds about deep learning (DL) for medical image analysis in May, 2021. Material/Methods: McMedHacks is a free and student-led 8-week summer program. Registration for the event was open to everyone, including a form to survey pa...
Article
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Purpose: Disparities in radiation oncology (RO) can be attributed to geographic location, socioeconomic status, race, sex, and other societal factors. One potential solution is to implement a fully mobile (FM) RO system to bring radiotherapy to rural areas and reduce barriers to access. We use Monte Carlo simulation to quantify techno-economic fea...
Article
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Objective: To compare the presentation and evolution of primary aldosteronism (PA) in elderly (≥65 years) and young patients (<65 years). Methods: A retrospective multicenter study performed in 20 Spanish hospitals of PA patients in follow-up between 2018-2021. Results: 352 patients with PA <65 years and 88 patients ≥65 years were included. Older P...
Article
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Plan checks are important components of a robust quality assurance (QA) program. Recently, the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) published two reports concerning plan and chart checking, Task Group (TG) 275 and Medical Physics Practice Guideline (MPPG) 11.A. The purpose of the current study was to crosswalk initial plan check fa...
Poster
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Estimated annual N 2 O supply is 126, 890L per year. (108000L x 365/306 days)-1.5% for RV Estimated annual N 2 O usage is 5475 L per year. (300L / 20 days x 365 days) Thus we estimated annual N 2 O wastage for PRI to be 121,415 L per year. (126890-5475) Introduction Nitrous Oxide (N 2 O) is a widely used anaesthetic gas. On top of being a powerful...
Article
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Over the last three decades, the landscape of cancer treatment with radiotherapy has never stopped improving. ENLIGHT – the European Network for Light Ion Hadron Therapy – has been an active participant in the huge changes that have taken place, in particular in Europe. At the end of the 90s when I arrived at CERN, it appeared clear that an improve...
Article
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Inpatient populations are at increased risk of hyperglycemia due to factors such as medications, physical inactivity and underlying illness, which increases morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, clinicians have limited tools available to prospectively identify those at greatest risk. We evaluated the ability of 10 common genetic variants associat...
Article
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ÖZ: Radyasyon Onkolojisi kanser tedavisinde yüksek teknolojilerin kullanıldığı, büyük miktarda medikal görüntü ve veri üreten bir tedavi yöntemidir. AMAÇ; Radyasyon Onkolojisi iş akışında kullanılan yapay zeka (YZ) tabanlı uygulamaları araştırmak ve Türkiye’deki uzmanların (Radyasyon Onkologları ve Medikal Fizik Uzmanları) bu alandaki yaklaşımları,...
Article
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Introduction: Existing studies have shown that mobile-based mindfulness meditation (MMM) can have a certain impact on nurses' mental health problems, but its specific effect and the effect on specific mental health problems such as stress, anxiety, depression, mindfulness, well-being and resilience are not clear. Methods and analysis: This study...
Cover Page
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Giovanni Alcocer: Electronic Engineer (ESPOL), Master’s in physics and Master’s in science (Germany) with specialization in Astrophysics and Medical Physics: Excellent scientific researcher and Professor. Recognized Book📗Article Author & Professor & Inventor(Smart Glasses🕶 Creator Football⚽). Author of the renowned articles, new formulas, and theor...
Article
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The visual arts are rooted in the life of the wider community and may lack explicit medical physics reference. Nevertheless, they can be influential and can illustrate, communicate, and inform. They may also inspire, challenge, heal, give pleasure, help put one’s life in perspective and enrich the experience of being a practicing scientist working...
Article
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There is a common belief that medical professions generate more work-related stress and earlier job burnout. We tested two groups: study group 1: medical (physical therapists, n = 30), and study group 2: non-medical (informaticians, n = 30). The purpose of this study was to find new, more reliable models for calculating work-related stress and burn...
Book
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This book collects the lectures of a short course in Medical Statistics held during the 2022 edition of the Master in Medical Physics by the Abdus Salam International Center of Theoretical Physics in Miramare, Trieste, Italy.
Article
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El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar las relaciones entre los valores de funcionalidad motriz, estado nutricional e índices antropométricos de salud en adolescentes chilenos de 12 a 15 años. Estudio de corte transversal con una muestra no probabilística y por conveniencia, con una muestra final de 384 escolares (13,04 ± 0,85 años). To...
Article
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Women in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering (WiMPBME) is a Task Group established in 2014 under the International Union of Physical and Engineering Scientists in Medicine (IUPESM). The group’s main role is to identify, develop, implement, and coordinate various tasks and projects related to women’s needs and roles in medical physics and bio...
Article
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This study reports results from the largest national dose survey in pediatric computed tomography (CT) in Cameroon. The main purpose of this pilot study was to etablish the national diagnostic reference level (NDRL) of computed tomography (CT) examinations to optimise medical exposure in pediatric medical imaging centers in Cameroon. This work was...
Article
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Background The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has changed the lives of most humans worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic on health care professionals (HCPs) in radiation oncology facilities. Methods We distributed an online survey to HCPs in radiation oncology...
Article
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Aim: The main aim of the study was to investigate the effects of a nurse-led lifestyle-related risk factor modification intervention on multiple lifestyle behaviours among coronary artery disease patients over six months. Design: A pre-test post-test control group design was conducted in a single clinical centre in Nepal. Methods: A total of 2...
Article
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As a profession, medical physics combines an advanced understanding of physics and math with knowledge of biology, anatomy and physiology. Consequently, rigorous education and training is required to assure that medical physicists have the requisite fundamental knowledge, specialized technical skills, and clinical understanding to contribute to the...
Article
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For the evaluation of the biological effects, Monte Carlo toolkits were used to provide an RBE-weighted dose using databases of survival fraction coefficients predicted through biophysical models. Biophysics models, such as the mMKM and NanOx models, have previously been developed to estimate a biological dose. Using the mMKM model, we calculated t...
Article
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The evolution and development of radiotherapy in the last two decades has meant that postgraduate medical training has not kept up with this rapid progress both in terms of multidisciplinary clinical approaches and especially in terms of technological advances. Education in radiation oncology is a major priority in the context of the rapid developm...
Article
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Purpose: For 50 years now, SPIE Medical Imaging (MI) conferences have been the premier forum for disseminating and sharing new ideas, technologies, and concepts on the physics of MI. Approach: Our overarching objective is to demonstrate and highlight the major trajectories of imaging physics and how they are informed by the community and science pr...