Science topics: Mathematics
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Mathematics - Science topic

Mathematics, Pure and Applied Math
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I mean something strictly mathematical and not an algorithmic routine.
For example
The function f(n) produces
1,2,0,0,0,5,0,1,3,8,9,0,0, ...
I need the function f(n) remove the zeros and produces:
1, 2, 5, 1, 3, 8, 9, ...
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Unfortunately I missed your post. Possible implementation in Wolfram Mathematica is shown in the attached picture. Of course, Mathematica's native procedure Select looks much more elegant.
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How to linearize any of these surface functions (separately) near the origin?
I have attached the statement of the question, both as a screenshot, and as well as a PDF, for your perusal. Thank you.
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It seems the linearization is accomplished by replacing x1, for x1^2. And separately by replacing x2, for x2^2 & x2^4.
In this way, the surface function is linearized about the origin (0,0), it means we can find f1(x1,x2)=a*x1+b*x2, whilst a and b are calculable in terms of the algebraic parameters, k and c.
But my question transforms to another level. How, we can find a compact algebraic expression for f1(x1,x2), and f2(x1,x2), close enough to the origin. This algebraic expression, need NOT be necessarily linear (it could be a nonlinear function).
Question synopsis:
1--How to find another compact analytical expression equivalent to f1(x1,x2), f2(x1,x2)? (with fair accuracy)
2-- Is it possible to find an approximation near the origin (0,0), for f1(x1,x2), f2(x1,x2), as a function of only one of the two variables (either x1, or x2)?
Regarding the second synopsis, I am to cite another ResearchGate question linked below:
However, the gist of the idea in this link is not clear to me.
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I want to model and simulate a tacho-generator in Matlab/Simulink. I keep on searching the mathematical expression for the same.
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The tachometer measures the speed of a rotating shaft in revolutions per min.
For non contact measurement, one uses a laser diode and a a photodiode as a photodetector. One mounts a circular disk having holes in its circumference which are equally spaced. Assuming one hole then the diode will detect only one pulse per one revolution. You need only then to count these pulses and display them numerically in one min.
So you can feed the laser diode with a pulse generator simulating the motor and the punched disk. Then you make the light from the diode to fall on the diode which senses the pulses. You need to amplify the pulses by an amplifier and and apply them on a counter to count the pulses for a time of one min.
This may be the proposal which you may elaborate on it.
Best wishes
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Which programming language is best for Mathematical simulation- Matlab or Fortran?
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Matlab is very good, a program with very great possibilities and for scientific applications.
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Measurement of foundational language skills
Measurement of foundational mathematical skills
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Not sure what the question is getting at.
Regarding mathematics, it is just arithmetic at primary grade. This involves skills like:
Addition and subtraction,
Multiplication and division,
Fraction of some number,
Fractions and percentages,
etc.
And some word problems involving the above skill.
It is easy to devise tests to evaluate the level in each of the above skills.
As regards language, the primary grade is just to be able to read simple descriptive essays, and simple children's poems. The vocabulary is determined by the prevailing essays and poems for primary grades. A good level to achieve is to be able to superficially read the local newspapers. Superficially in the sense that technical material discussed in the newspaper is not required; such as politics, economics, scientific terms, etc.
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It is a new type of mathematical explanation about the origin/existence of the universe. It is based on mathematical interactions of dimensional symmetries and fundamental technical aspects of the universe.
Can you accept (agree with) this solution?
(+0-0)^6 = (+1-(-1))^3 x (+0.0-0.0)^3
It is at the foundation of my research. Hint: "(a+b)^2 = a^2 +2ab +b^2"
My research is public as a preprint yet. I like to invite you to review it too.
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Sergey Trofimov, It was an initial condition in the universe for a moment (first infinite moment) because of the relative continuation of nothingness to the next level of nothingness (0.0-0.0, 0.00-0.00, etc) as an interaction. It represents a nothingness that shows a virtual gap (0 distance) related to the dimensions in the universe, which becomes dimensional moments with the continuation of it on the infinite nothingness. There is no big difference between +1-1 and +0-0 when there is something to measure relative to a direction, with or without anything inside it. But the universe continues that nothingness to the next level.
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Hello,
I am searching for auto tools that can be used to calculate the number of the real-consumed cycle or number of logical and mathematical operations for a code of thousands of lines?
Regards
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As long as you do not need a cycle accurate measurement, you can use profiling tools (such as Intel VTune, GPROF, or Valgrind as also suggested earlier). With VTune you find the number of cycles per function/class, number of operations, hotspots, memory usage, and several other factors.
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I would like to know how when we change the direction of the magnetic field, the refractive indices of left and right circularly polarized light reverses, can someone tell how that happens mathematically???
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This answer is from my research book (preprint):
"If the 0.5 Spin and the 6 dimensions in electrons (E:+-0.5x6/3) make an unstable dimension (`1`) on the interaction of the unstable Spin, and if there is another elementary particle with 1 dimension for Spin as a force and -5 dimensions in the dimensional set (M dimensional set/particle in the dimensional structure) while moving and replacing the Spin 1 dimension on the interactions of the -5 dimensions, then that elementary particle can try to attract 1 dimension from electrons as an entanglement between unstable dimensions making a cyclic process from that as making the Magnetic Monopoles. And that symmetric process could keep that elementary particle (M) as a relatively satisfied cyclic force, or Photons (P: -1x6/3) could give dimensions to fill M against electrons as an interaction between them (electromagnetism)."
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Pursuing research in mathematical science through physical problem-solving is an art. More students of science and engineering can be attracted to learn mathematics in the process and apply the mathematical tools in solving real-world problems.
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^^ The book, which can be used as an overview and introduction to applied mathematics, is particularly suitable for sophomore, junior, and senior students in math, science, and engineering...
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Why does the absorbance vary in a linear fashion, whereas the transmittance varies in an exponential fashion?
Can this be explained mathematically/intuitively or are these results based on experimentation?
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Actually, absorbance changes neither linearly with length of the lightpath nor with concentration, just in a first approximation, which becomes exact, absurd as it may sound, in the limit of vanishing absorption. The reason why transmittance decays approximately exponentially is that the decrease of intensity is proportional to the intensity itself. Why only approximately? For details see this review:
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how can i prove that mathematical proof about feasible solution is found at boundary point?
also want to ask about why feasible region must be composed of a convex set. is there any mathematical proof about this?
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A feasible solution is any point in the feasible set, both interior points as well as boundary points can be feasible solutions, it depends on your optimization problem.
For a Linear programming problem, the feasible region is a polyhedral set, which can have extreme directions and extreme points, if the polyhedron above is a bounded set, it can have a finite number of extreme points only.
By representation theorem, for a bounded polyhedral set, any point in the set can be expressed as a convex combination of the extreme points of the set: substitute this expression in the expression for cost function as f= cT*x, cT is transpose of vector c, the cost vector. you can see that this linear form is bounded both above and below, the lower bound is fmin which is associated with the extreme point corresponding to lowest value of the objective function and upper bounded by fmax, which is associatef with that extreme point corresponding to the largest value of the objective function.
A feasible region need not always be a convex set, but optimization of convex/concave functions over convex set, is called convex programming , it is mathematically very well studied and has many interesting features associated with it.
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  • Hello. I am struggling with the problem. I can measure two ratios of three independent normal random values with their means and variances (not zero): Z1=V1/V0, Z2=V2/V0, V0~N(m0,s0), V1~N(m1,s1), V2~N(m2,s2). These are measurements of the speeds of the vehicle. Now I should estimate the means and the variances of these rations. We can see it is Cauchy distribution with no mean and variance. But it has analogs in the form of location and scale. Are there mathematical relations between mean and location, variance and scale? Can we approximate Cauchy by Normal? I have heard if we limit the estimated value we can obtain the mean and variance.
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Well the Cauchy distribution has all moments equal infinity. You might be interested in the attached Google search which is about robust Statisical methods but I would probably try the first ref in the second search first. Good luck if you do. David Booth
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I am a homeschooling parent who came to realize that my young children (in grades 1 and 3 this year) are into mathematics for its beauty. They are amazed at the fact that adding two whole numbers in any order yields the same result (commutativity), grouping when adding may be helpful (associativity), that for particular numbers n, x, and y, we have that n = x^2 = y^3: 1 = 1^2 = 1^3; 64 = 8^2 = 4^3, etc. They are mesmerized by the fact that 1 = 1, 3 = 1 + 2, 6 = 1 + 2 + 3, 10 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4, ...; special sequences of numbers such as (in this case) triangular numbers (which they know as "step shapes"). They don't take for granted that 1n = n for any integer (I don't think they are ready for real numbers in general). They can see that division is akin to factoring: 12/4 = 3 because 3 and 4 are factors of 12 (though they are not too up on the vocabulary yet)... They can see informally that a - b = - (b - a): 8 - 5 = 3 implies that 5 - 8 = -3.
I hope I am fortunate enough to see them through their entire grade school through high school learning.
My concern is: why do educators/teachers and parents a debate so much about basic skills versus critical reasoning as if these things removed from context of the ACTUAL beautiful ideas in mathematics will pull school children into understanding mathematics any more than knowing words alone is enough to make a great writer? Why do we either (a) think that its all basic skills, or (b) word problems about so-called everyday stuff that are more social studies than mathematics? How about focusing on mathematics as subject like we do Language Arts? We don't reduced Language Arts to writing letters and business contracts in which grammar and syntax are important? We want children to enjoy the beauty of language; shouldn't we do the same with mathematics?
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I think Cris Wellington was very lucky with the kids. Most children are unlikely to be able to get interested in the beauty of mathematics, all the more so in an ordinary classroom. Therefore, a pragmatic approach to the formation of curricula and methods is fully justified. Individual support for gifted children is needed. This is possible in small classes, with tutorial teaching.
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At this moment, I have a nonlinear dataset that has X and Y-axis values. I want to come up with a nonlinear equation that represents the most values of this function without using a moving average filter.
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Without an idea of what the dataset represents, it doesn’t make sense to look for an equation that could represent the data, there are many of them.
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I have a problem. Measurements show the opposite of what convention assumes. It occurred in geotechnics, but could affect all material modelling branches.
I tested soil specimens. Convention interprets materials as things where deformation is created (output) and force is applied (input). So, our task is: decode how much deformation a certain loading (force) will generate.
After 6 years of testing, I noticed the convention is misleading. Reaction force behaves as a function of deformation. Not the other way round. Stiffness hysteresis loop shape, size and position stabilizes within deformation amplitudes. You can control the shape, size and position of stiffness loops - using deformation amplitude. All applied deformation values - have finite answers, unlike the "infinite displacement" paradox...
It's a big problem. All software is designed to model deformation as a function of force applied. But in reality, force (reaction) behaves as a function of deformation. It could be we are stuck in a paradigm, where deformation is modelled as a function of force. But in reality, the reaction force is a function of deformation. F=f(U) not U=f(F).
The observations (empirical evidence) pointed me to an abandoned theory from 40 years ago (strain-space plasticity, by P. J. Yoder 1980). His theory seems to be not only compatible with the observed physical properties, but also GPU - parallel computation compatible (there were no GPU units in 80's... so "parallel spring systems" in FEM caught no one's attention)
So, we have something that is both:
1. Potentially more physically correct
2. For the first time makes elasto-plastic FEM is super computer compatible.
I am stuck building robots for industrial projects at the faculty. For tests which are meant to provide "quick profit" to faculty. "fundamental" research is not funded. Tried applying for radical research EU grant... the topic is way too radical for them.
All observations were made in spare time. Evenings, weekends, at times - using life savings... I tried showing test results to renown experts. They become red in the face, angry, and say "I have not seen anything like it". After an hour of questions - they find no flaws in the testing machines. And.. Leave. Never to hear from again.
The theory of P. J. Yoder was defended in public defenses multiple times in the 80's. It seems "mathematically equivalent". As in - proven able to do "the same" as convention does. Without anyone ever testing what such "reversal of coordinate space" (strain instead of stress envelopes) would imply regarding interpretation of material properties. No one found flaws in it "mathematically". Never proves it wrong. But... Forgot, ignored and abandoned.
I tried asking industries for opinion too. Industry asks for code compatible with existing software (return of investment). And I alone can not code a full software package. Frankly, I would rather keep testing, try to prove my assumptions wrong. But the more I test, the more anomalies and paradoxes are observed, exposed and resolved on the topic..
What is the "antidote" in such situation? Tests showing convention wrong. Nobody find any mistakes. Which leads to silence and being ignored.
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Tomas Sabaliauskas congratz you have fallen into one of the hardest human error traps to disprove: it is the exact opposite of what everyone believes, you can still hear an example daily: the Sun rises in the East. Fire is oxygen combining with the candle or the wood not releasing magic. The old Fire-air and dephlogistication controversy. There are so many examples. But as
Fatemeh Khozaei
sort of suggests... can you patent this idea etc. to make some money? Stellan Gustafsson is right that you can get the message out via youtube videos but if you want some scientific acknowledgement I would start by a preprint, presentation, or poster uploaded here and obtaining a DOI number so that technically others can cite you, or at Academia.edu, or both. A great many people are unaware of the revolution that is Researchgate. Look at us, we have an Iranian researcher, two Northern Europeans, and an American collaborating with no paperwork. (no pay either) For the moment, Researchgate has a no censor policy, and is very similar to the early days of Wikipedia when that site delivered more extensive, better quality articles, and was trusted over than paid encyclopedias. Understand search engines can not scan Researchgate, so our articles are ranked by Algorithms and compared to other scientific sites. Google and Scholar (if your paper is cited) rank the corpus (collection of documents) here on a par with Taylor and Francis, Springer, Elsevier and others. I can prove it
Query Google with these key phrases
Microbial Outsourcing
or
Plasma Water Theory
and to see how important Check out the number of results or pages
indexed by Google.
BTW The former is a preprint and the latter is only a presentation.
Then, once your paper or presentation is on line you can try to promote your idea even on Wikipedia itself.
I hope this is of some help to you and perhaps Stellan as well.
Sincerely
Professor Christopher G. Yukna
ps Stellan you might peruse Rutherford Conjecture too
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Hi everyone,
I have encountered a trouble about Zernik index when studing Zernik polynomials. This problem is equivalent mathematically as follows,
Assume n=0,1,2,...
With each given n, let m=-n,-n+2,-n+4,...,n
Define j=[n(n+2)+m]/2
With a given j, for example j=16, how to calculate n and m?
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I concur with Anton Vrdoljak
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Hello Researchers,
I was working to check the validity of a mathematical equation. In doing so I have obtained a large data set values >50,000 experimentally. As the mathematical equation gives only a single value I was wondering is there any way to compare that data set to mathematical equation. Based on that comparison I am willing to assign a constant that is when operated (+,-,x,/) to mathematical equation results in values justifying the experimental data set. The constant could be more than one as the range of the data set is quite large compared to empirically obtained values through a mathematical equation.
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Thanks for your reply I would look at cross validation methods and see what is appropriate for your situation. Best wishes, David Booth
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Hello everyone,
I have a basic mathematical question.
I designed a controller that can guarantee that variable z can remain zero or bounded for all time. Where z=s-r. Frome being zero or boundedness property of z can I conclude that s and r are also bounded?
Any help will be appreciated.
Best Regards.
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I am agree with Dr Komal Bansal
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Hi
I wanna solve partial differential equation in terms of x and t (spatial and time), As I know one of the most useful way for solving pde is variable separation. well explained examples about mentioned way are wave equation, heat equation, diffusion....
wave equation is Utt=C^2 .Uxx
in other word; derivatives of displacement to time, equals to derivatives of displacement to spatial multiplied by constant or vice versa.
however my equation is not like that and derivatives are multiplied to each other.for example : Uxx=(1+Ux)*Utt
Im wondering how to solve this equation.
I will be thankful to hear any idea.
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Dear Alireza Akbari looks like your equation is a nonlinear PDE, there are tables for those:
However I could not find yours, but don't worry, I tell you a trick we use in MHD.
1. You linearized it, i.e., you solve the PDE as a function of ei(k.r - omega t)
2. You get a complex polinom, but I don't see any parameters in your equation.
3. Anyway you can try an algebraic manipulator such as math or maple and find the roots. However, I find it strange that there is not a parameter, you need it to scan the complex solution.
Best Regards.
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How can we determine the mathematical property of a high-dimensional benchmark problem?
Take, for example, the n-dimension Rosebrock equation. It is a unimodal equation with localized behaviour in 2 dimensions (We can tell this from the 2D plot). However, if the dimension is taken greater than 3, the equation shows multimodal behaviour. In short, the mathematical characteristic may change according to the dimension change. How can we determine the mathematical characteristic of an equation with different dimensions using a small number of analysis results obtained in the design space?
The n-dimensional Rosebrock equation is shared from the link below.
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As a method, we thought that the effect of the parameters in the high-dimensional equation on the result could be examined and the results would be decided by plotting the two-dimensional results for the two most dominant variables. But we are not sure whether it will give correct results for every equation. We will analyze the results by conducting experiments. Other than that, do you have any other suggestions?
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What are the various fields
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Abstract Algebra
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If I wanted to link algebra and topology in order to specialize in algebraic topology (mathematics), what researches would you recommend me to start reading with?
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Thank you so much. Christian Neurohr
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Ablation studies is quite common in machine learning literature, especially those on neural network and deep learning. When a new architecture or method is proposed, the authors often perform an ablation study where they remove sub-components of their methods that they feel are important one at a time, and study how the performance of said method changes, to learn the actual importance of each of the sub-components.
I find this approach quite useful for research on optimization algorithms, specifically heuristical algorithms, whose properties may not be easy or even possible to prove mathematically.
However, I have only seen ablation study or the term "ablation study" (might be called something else in other fields) in machine learning research. Would it be appropriate to include in papers on mathematical optimization algorithms or other areas of research in general?
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Physical insight can suggest a principle which in turn leads to mathematical modeling. Example might include Newton extending the falling of an apple to towards Earth’s center, to the Moon falling around the Earth, and Einstein’s free falling elevator compared to the effect of gravity.
But mathematics can also give a powerful clue to a physical principle. Well known examples include Planck's 1900 or so work on energy packets implying discontinuous amounts of energy, and Dirac’s prediction of the positron.
From 2005 to 2008 studying networks, I found that the mean path length successfully scaled a lexical network, and the mathematical result implied some physical principles about the distribution of energy in a network, which by a circuitous route led to the idea of the principle of dimensional capacity around 2019.
History, consistent with my own experience, suggests physical principles can imply the mathematics and vice versa.
Your views? Do you have examples of each?
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Physics requires mathematics to prove physical theories and all hypotheses, but mathematics does not need physics. You should know that applied mathematics is physics and that applied physics is engineering and applied engineering is technology.
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Need a journal published in German language in the fields of mathematics and programming indexed in scoups Q1?
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First of all, you can try to find the list of Scopus journals of this year, and then you can choose the Germany Journal, therefore, you can make contact.
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I am interested in test anxiety and would like to dig into the seminal meta-analysis by Ray Hembree published in 1988. Does anyone has access to the bibliography file containing the list of studies included in the meta-analysis?
Any help would be greatly appreciated!
Meta-analysis (I have access)
Hembree, R. (1988). Correlates, Causes, Effects, and Treatment of Test Anxiety. In Review of Educational Research (Vol. 58, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543058001047
Bibliography (I do not have access)
Hembree, R. (1987). A bibliography of research on academic test anxiety. Adrian, MI: Adrian College, Department of Mathematics. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 281 779)
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I've seen this study before
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we substitute y=e^rx while solving constant coefficient linear differential equation. what is the reason behind this?. is there any proof?
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Sure, but the question is narrowly as to whether you can substitute a y with e^rx, which is OK under those narrow terms owing to the bijection. Of course, there is an infinity of ways whereby you could substitute for y with other, legitimate forms .
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I have digged into a theory established by D. Loeb from University of Bordeaux, and found an interesting way to represent the things you have (classical set) and the things you do not have and might need, want, be ready to acquire (new forms of set with negative number of elements)
This fits very well in the extension of the matrices of sets which I needed to develop, se why and how here (see references below).
I would be thrilled to know if you have use cases where this model of classical sets of what you have, and new negative sets of what you do not have, my help.
Please share your input!
REF:
[3] D. Loeb, Sets with a negative number of elements, Advances in Mathematics, 91 (1992), 64–74.https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/82474206.pdf
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Further to Peter's answer, another way of putting it would be to say that a set with a positive or nil number of elements can exist on its own, whereas a set with a negative number of elements can only be a virtual set that must exist in relation or combination with other more 'normal' sets, and may be engaged in operations affecting those sets. It cannot exist independently, but can take on a transient role as part of an operation or operator on those sets, or intermediate results.
By the way, if I may ? It's 'I dug into a theory..', not 'I have digged ...'
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Was Heisenberg a Third-Rate Natural Philosopher because he denied the reality of micro-objects that cannot be tracked by humans? Has this misled physics for 100+ years?
Surely, because we have created a whole civilization from the manipulations of electrons, especially digital electronics, then "LOOKING" at an object is NOT a requirement for existence.? Electrons interact with everything; so surely quite sufficient, eh?
Heisesenberg was educated in the Classical Philosophy of Aristotelian Classicism in the archaic German Education system. He failed to think for himself, substituting a Platonic idealist view of mathematics, as being superior to our imaginative/operational view of reality.
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Pity; just be careful near high edges.
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Some, including Morris Kline, in a book dealing with uncertainty in the basis of mathematics,
indicates that eachh definition in mathematics references some other or other definitions;
but that this leads backwards to undefined terms, which must be there. Perhaps there are other problems, that whatever you are defining may not even exist.
Given the historical roots of math, it is not so clear. That math ought to be based also on other disciplines, counting, land measurement and so on.
Hence that defenitions may better hinge on a descriptive intuitive account that earn us the work of looking up every other definition made in mathematics, This is a great barrier in understanding a lot of work these days, the huge number of definitions one must absorb.
This would best guide our intuition to see if the results are logical. But the comon practice these days are far from it, strait into having to prove everything, and know everything about very narrow specialties, meaningless to most outsiders.
What is your opinion? Should we reform this?
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Borrowing from Whitehead and Russel (Principia Mathematica, Vol. I):
"...the definitions are no part of our subject, but are, strictly speaking, mere typographical conveniences. Practically, of course, if we introduced no definitions, our formulae would very soon become so lengthy as to be unmanageable; but theoretically, all definitions are superfluous."
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The temptation in all the remodeling of the study plans to train teachers that I have experienced, faced with a new strong point of interest, has been to introduce a subject that caters for it. Thus, environmental education, for example, has been the curriculum of Spain for more than 25 years.
Now the SDGs are the focus of attention, and the university is committed to developing them. the challenge is to do it from the established curricular subjects
Educational mathematics is developed in three or four subjects of each training curriculum, and has to embrace achieving the teacher's competence development to teach school mathematics and also, the purpose of working on the SDG, how can we do it?
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Sorry Ariful, it is not about technology to assume the question, it is about how in the knowledge that you must work on the subject you teach, you are able to integrate the SDG-2030 with meaning for the subject, for the students and for the degree or degree they study !!
Thanks for your interest
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Here we discuss about one of the famous unsolved problems in mathematics, the Riemann hypothesis. We construct a vision from a student about this hypothesis, we ask a questions maybe it will give a help for researchers and scientist.
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I put together a solution of the RH myself. While it can't be considered a complete proof while not vetted by experts, it presents various strong arguments and a real breakthrough, which is the inversion formula for Dirichlet series. Given any Dirichlet F(s), you know a(n) from F(s). Unfortunately, it's impossible to have an integral representation for a(n) usually, it's a Taylor power series. Please head to my page for the paper.
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I am getting immersed in The Kervaire-Milnor Formula, where each term of which connects with a different field in mathematics: "The number of differential structures on the 4k − 1-dimensional sphere is given by a quantity that is the product of three quantities: Elementary factor × “Non − J Classes” × Numerator of B2k/2k". Information read in https://people.math.harvard.edu/~mazur/papers/slides.Bartlett.pdf
My research is focused on how to connect the Turán moments and coefficients of Jensen polynomials for the entire function Xi as I have noticed some valuable results. I would like to count with more articles or information about the Bernoulli numbers visible in topics of topology which could involve the Turán moments and Jensen coefficients as well.
Thanks in advance!
Carlos
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Jose Risomar Sousa thanks. No, I am asking for understanding much better the differential topology concepts involved in the Kervaire Milnor formula and if one could present a new model that involve the Turán moments or also the coefficients of Jensen polynomials as I know how to formulate the B_2k I.e., Bernoulli numbers with 2k index, in function of those other coefficients mentioned which in one my formulas of summations let’s have a curious (4K-1) that is mentioned in the 4K-1 dimension associated to the analysis of Kervaire-Miknot formula, there is a possible representation of some topological details on function of the Turán and Jensen coefficients. This is my own idea. It comes from an no spruced article about the Euler Mascheroni constant and Bernoulli numbers which could let me jump to this new detail in differential topology.
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Is there a free academic online resource that can be used to look up and reference basic concepts and theorems in mathematics? I am esentially looking for a mathematical analogue to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy or the APA dictionary of Psychology, that can be cited in thesis work and the like, and that is suitable for researchers from other fields. (So basic information, not cutting-edge detailed research or whole discussions on current questions.)
That is, it should be trustworthy and considered "respectable" enough to be cited in academic work. This would rule out Wikipedia - even though its articles on the subject are usually trustworthy - or things like github. But it should also be a freely accessible source. (Alternatively, if publishing sites like Springer host something similar which is accessible through university subscriptions, that might work for my purpose, too.)
I know you can often find the correct answers to basic questions by googling, but the issue is it's a bit difficult to gauge sources and content as a non-mathematician. Thanks in advance!
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I want to compute Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models using the OUwie() function in R. For this I'm using a set of 100 phylogenetic trees, so that each tree goes into one OUwie model, resulting in 100 models.
The output of the OUwie gives estimates for a trait optimum and according SE.
Now I want to describe this output over all 100 trees. For the estimates it's easy to simply give the average value, but as the standard error depends on the sample, I'm not sure if I can give the mean, or if I should give a range or if there is another (mathematically correct) way to communicate the information I get out of these models.
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We use ALEKS-PPL for placement and co-requisite support for our math courses. Our institution is interested in using something similar for English composition: placement + adaptive learning co-requisite support. What is out there for us to review?
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With the purpose of, to find out the pedagogical skills mathematics teachers use to identify and address students mathematics anxiety
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The effect of pedagogical evaluation and content evaluation on mathematics teachers
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While solving differential equations in Mathematica.
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By using NDSolve to solve the equations. To do that it suffices to write the equations in the format that NDSolve uses. And to do that it suffices to read the manual, that provides rexamples of how to use NDSolve. But how to do so doesn’t depened on the particular equations.
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I recently saw a question regarding the relationship between language and mathematical learning, but am interested in learning more about the opposite.
Can anyone recommend relevant readings that explore the relationship between mathematical ability/maths learning and language acquisition? I am primarily interested in second/foreign language acquisition, but also interest in first language acquisition and the relation to mathematics.
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Good research is based on good relationship between the mentor or supervisor and the scholar. What are the qualities a supervisor or mentor must have to have a healthy and friendly environment in the laboratory?
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Please have look on our(Eminent Biosciences (EMBS)) collaborations.. and let me know if interested to associate with us
Our recent publications In collaborations with industries and academia in India and world wide.
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33397265/
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Moscow State University , Russia. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32967475/
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Icahn Institute of Genomics and Multiscale Biology,, Mount Sinai Health System, Manhattan, NY, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29199918
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with University of Missouri, St. Louis, MO, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30457050
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852211
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with ICMR- NIN(National Institute of Nutrition), Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23030611
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth MN 55811 USA. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852211
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with University of Yaounde I, PO Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30950335
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30693065
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with collaboration with University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Publication Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31210847/
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48080, Leioa, Spain. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27852204
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Publication Link: http://www.eurekaselect.com/135585
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with NIPER , Hyderabad, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29053759
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Alagappa University, Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30950335
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad , India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28472910
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with C.S.I.R – CRISAT, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237676
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Karpagam academy of higher education, Eachinary, Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30237672
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Ballets Olaeta Kalea, 4, 48014 Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29199918
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500 016, Telangana, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28472910
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Panangad-682 506, Cochin, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27964704
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with CODEWEL Nireekshana-ACET, Hyderabad, Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26770024
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Bharathiyar University, Coimbatore-641046, Tamilnadu, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27919211
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Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Department of Bioinformatics, Kerala University, Kerala. Publication Link: http://www.eurekaselect.com/135585
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Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with NIPER, Hyderabad, India. ) Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29053759
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with King George's Medical University, (Erstwhile C.S.M. Medical University), Lucknow-226 003, India. Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25579575
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Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Dept of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25248957
Our Lab EMBS's Publication In collaboration with Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad Publication Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26229292
Sincerely,
Dr. Anuraj Nayarisseri
Principal Scientist & Director,
Eminent Biosciences.
Mob :+91 97522 95342
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In Mathematics, some proofs are not convincing since the assumption fails in the Proofs.
If equality is Changed to "approximately equal to" then the Proof becomes more Perfect. But Uniqueness cannot be guaranteed.
In Page number 291, Introduction to Real Analysis Fourth Edition authored by Bartle and Sherbert, the Proof of Uniqueness theorem is explained.
That Proof is not perfect.
Reason : Initially epsilon is assumed as positive and so not equal to zero. Before Conclusion of the Proof, epsilon is considered as zero and written as two limits are equal.
The equality cannot hold since epsilon is not zero. Only the possibility to write is Two limits are approximately equal.
Since Epsilon is arbitrary, never imply epsilon is zero.
I hope the authors and other mathematicians will notice this error and will change in new editions.
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The proof is fine.
It is based on the following fact:
If x < epsilon for every positive epsilon, then x ≤ 0.
This is easily proved by contradiction.
Suppose that x < epsilon for every positive epsilon and that x is not less or equal than 0.
Then x>0, hence for epsilon=x/2 it is epsilon>0 and epsilon<x; this contradicts the hypothesis.
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A performance task? A standardized test? Or some other means? Why?
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A question that needs more thought
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What research is there (if any), about gifted students frequently getting easy questions on academic tests/exams INCORRECT and harder more challenging ones CORRECT – particularly in mathematics? Does anyone have any empirical evidence as to why this might occur? Thank you.
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Sorry, I have no such research
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is there any literature available on a kinetic study on the working of RO membrane with any software or simple mathematical simulation?
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Now some especially on simulation. David Booth
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I'd love to see a rough sketch of how the task would go.
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  1. Give students raw data and ask them to write an argument or analysis based on the data.
  2. Have students explore and write about unfamiliar points of view or “what if” situations.
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In a mathematical analysis of piezoelectric models, we use the terms "the electrically open and short circuit case" for which we have some mathematical definition as well.
What is the physical significance of these boundary conditions in making sensors and other devices?
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Hi Sonal Nirwal,
The surface is metallized (short circuit (CC)): corresponds to the vanish of the electric potential.
The surface is non-metallized (open circuit (CO)): corresponds to the vanish of the surface charge density.
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To me, Distance, Space and Time are the ever-most important ingredients for mathematical based sciences and mathematics itself at the most. Every human being know and understand mathematics according to their needs and careers. There may be fundamental keys for other areas for example Machine learning is based on discriminant analysis or finding roots of the linear/nonlinear equations or finding first derivative of the model/function, equating it to zero and finding roots or optimal points at the given domain.
Dear RG members on individual specificity bases may you describe the fundamental keys/pillars of your research areas? (For similar example, as I described above for mathematics and machine learning. You may explain your answers more explicitly please!!!
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Other fields can define there own fundamental keys!
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It is well confirmed that the nonlinear evolution equation (NLEE) is widely used as a mathematical leading equation for describing the physical issues in many branches of physics. But it is very difficult to solve. Recently, many researchers have proposed various types of solution methods. Unfortunately, most of the solutions methods lead to additional free parameters. In my opinion, the solutions with additional free parameters of NLEEs are not useful for further verification in the laboratory. That is why my discussion topic is "What is the best solution method for nonlinear evolution equations?".
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I advise you to read the following paper , And see which one is closer to your problem. In fact we can not say this or that method is the best
1-=Exact travelling wave solutions for two nonlinear evolution equations using the improved -expansion method
A. Elhanbaly, M.A. Abdou
Journal:
Mathematical and Computer Modelling
2-A series of new exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations
M. A. Abdou
Journal:
Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations
3-Existence of mild solutions for semilinear evolution equations with non-local initial conditions
Qing Liu, Rong Yuan
Journal:
Nonlinear Analysis: Theory, Methods & Applications
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Although Bashkar II, in his Siddhantha Shiromani, critisized a Buddhist school of astrology who held the Earth is moving, I have not seen any mention about texts on Buddhist astrological or mathematical tradition in recent studies. Vedic and Jain sources are well known.
Are there any primary textual resources on Buddhist astrology/mathematics?
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Japanese Buddhist Astrology and Astral Magic Mikkyō and Sukuyōdō
Kotyk, Jeffrey. Japanese Journal of Religious Studies; Nagoya Vol. 45, Iss. 1,  (2018): 37-86,214.
DOI:10.18874/jjrs.45.1.2018.37-86
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Dear experts and colleagues,
Hello, all! I recently received a reviewer's comment stating that the proposed network measures of graph theoretical analyses could be correlated by mathematical definition.
So I ran the correlational analyses and global efficiency, characteristic path length, mean clustering coefficient (global measures) showed correlated to each other.
I understand that Global efficiency is inversely related to characteristic path length, but I am quite confused about how characteristic path length is inversely correlated with mean clustering coefficient, while mean clustering coefficient is positively correlated with global efficiency.
Or does my data is wrongly suggested?
Briefly explaining my study, it is a neurological study using MR images (diffusion tensor imaging) to explore the structural networks.
Any feedback and discussion are welcomed here!
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Dear Yae Ji Kim ,
Look the link, maybe useful.
Regards,
Shafagat
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hi, I have to get an inverse matrix of a square matrix (20*20) on excel , to make sure that calculation is right I Knew that multiplying the matrix with its inverse should yields a unity matrix which have a diagonal of ones and other cells are zeros but when i multiply the matrix with the inverse i got the result is a matrix with adiagonal of ones but not all other cells are zeros (some have values like 1,2,etc ... is this ok or what often is my mistake? thanks in advance
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To Manal Lotfy: I will suggest to try to solve your example in another program. For example, you may try Wolfram|Alpha (a computational knowledge engine):
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In classical times there was a concept of pure science that was produced entirely in the intellect.
More recently sciences were developed by testing the intellectual product with empirical data. These sciences are not regarded as being pure.
Mathematics, often regarded as pure science, has for most of history been based on postulates of geometry that could not be proven. Then came relativity and other geometries. In the past century there was considerable effort to reformulate mathematics on a firmer basis of conditional sets. Math is now regarded as being somewhat more pure than before, while producing two generations of graduating students in some countries who are not able to do simple arithmetic.
Fortunately I had some excellent teachers who explained the two systems and why they were both needed. Other teachers displayed the Gödel's incompleteness theorems.
In academic settings there seems to be a difference of opinions about whether or not math is a science, and whether or not it is pure.
Is Mathematics A Science?
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Mathematics is a science built on a theoretical basis through the occurrence of a phenomenon or an experiment and taking the data of these phenomena and making them a model, an equation or a system, and then it is solved according to the theoretical foundations.
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About two years ago, I have submitted a manuscript to a reputed journal. After a couple of months of the peer review process, the response was “major revision has been requested”. I made the necessary adjustments and resubmitted it again. The Journal's editor responded that my manuscript requires minor revision. Well, the decision was <<"Revise for Editor Only'' he claimed that revision should be quick and it will not undergo the entire review process>>. Again, I made the required edits in order to make the manuscript acceptable for publication. Afterward, I resubmitted it. It is the day 120 and the status is "With Editor". In fact, I did send two emails to the editorial team to update the status. Their response to both emails was the same, saying that they contacted the editor to accelerate the process.
Dear readers, I need to have a piece of advice: what to do as a next step?
Thank you in advance,
Bassam
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This kind of situation can be frustrating, however, I would encourage you to keep calm and focus on other things while awaiting the editor's decision. Sorry about this experience
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I am combining fish abundance and biomass data collected from five locations which have utilised different transect dimensions:
15 x 4 m (60 m2; from one location)
30 x 5 m (150 m2; from three locations)
50 x 4 m (200 m2; from one location)
When pooling data collected from transects of differing sizes, should you standardise your data down (to the smallest dimensions) or up (to the largest)? Or in this case, perhaps standardise according to the most commonly used dimensions (30 x 5 m/150 m2)?
To me it seems as though there would be no difference, but I was wondering if there was some sort of mathematical explanation for why one way might be preferable over the others?
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Hi Joseph,
Hope it's not too late to help.
Because there is a general trend of larger fish to move more, your chance of sampling larger individuals with larger transects is also higher.
If you scale down, you will be implicitly assuming that fish density wouldn't change, which may be inaccurate for very large and rare fishes, i.e., if you found 1 giant grouper on a 200m2 transect, would you really expect to find half a grouper on a 100m2 one?
Scaling up brings the same assumption of fish density not changing, but it may be more acceptable because smaller fish tend to move less and be more homogeneously distributed. You would still have bias for small and rare species, but because the contribution of these to biomass should be negligible, the problem would dissolve away.
Standardising to a mean dimension may bring both issues together, but may also mean that both of these biases are reduced.
At the end of the day, it's about what you're willing to assume about fish distributions. One way of dealing with this is rescaling your data down or to a mid-dimension by subsampling your community based on the density of specific phases/types of fish. That's what I do in this paper:
This, in essence, allows you to carry over uncertainty in density estimates to your further analyses, resulting in more 'messy' data, but in conservative estimates.
Cheers,
Renato
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the VPL formula can be given here as,
f(P)=sum((a+b*P+c*P^2)+abs(e*sin(f(Pmin-P))))
Can anyone please explain if the value from the term (Pmin-P) in the above formula is in degrees or radians?
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Thanks @Awniya kumar
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Hi everyone,
In engineering design, there are usually only a few data points or low order moments, so it is meaningful to fit a relatively accurate probability density function to guide engineering design. What are the methods of fitting probability density functions through small amounts of data or low order statistical moments?
Best regards
Tao Wang
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Good explanation is performed by Chao Dang,
Best regards
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Hello. I want to ask how can I translate weightages of "yes" or "no" of a criterion in terms of numbers in AHP calculations?
for examples, my goal is to select most suitable construction material vendor (Alternative) according to the set criteria including "ASTM Standards", with 4 other criteria.
This criterion means "Is the material vendor giving the material according to the Construction Standard ASTM, or not?" So the answer given to this by the alternative (vendor) would be a "Yes" or a "No", but not a value.
First, I've sent a questionnaire to the experts to give me pair wise comparison weightages for one criteria vs the other. And I've got great response with consistency of 0.9. Acceptable!
But when I ask the vendors to provide their responses, they put numerical values to the first four criteria, and I find the comparison matrix for these vendors (alternatives) for each criteria using simple maths division (value of one vendor divided by second vendor). It gives me the exact zero consistency, because I've found the alternatives weightages using exact math comparison. But I get numerical values of weightages to find ranks, so it works fine for me.
But when it comes to the 5th criterion (ASTM Standards), the responses are in "Yes" or "No" terms! My question is that what numerical value should I give to a Yes and a No so that I can get their comparison by dividing with each other?
for instance, if I use Yes =1 and No = 0, the system hangs because anything divided by zero gives an infinity answer, and it doesn't proceed further.
If I want to use a scale of 1 to 9, saying Yes = 9, and No = 1, it gives me good results. But I've no reason to use 1 or 9, for it could be any numerical value say 1000 for Yes, and 1 for No.
Please suggest me a reasonable value with a citation if possible.
Thanks in advance.
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Dear Usman
Very interesting your question. The problem lies in the fact that in AHP you determine artificial values, but if you use Yes or Nor, or 1 and 0, these are not only objective values but with only two possible answers
Coincidentally, less than a week ago, another colleague put the same question, something that I had not seen in years
This is one of the 'beauties' of AHP, so elemental a method, that does not allow for modelling frequently incidents like this.
In other systems, you simply put 1 and 0 respectively
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Sometimes , we use term of "zero time" in a formulation but are we sure it is really "0" ? maybe it is 0,000......1 and is there a "zero" time(can we stop the time?), or sometimes, we say v=0 are we sure?
On the other hand
1/0 = infinity. Well then, what's "infinity"? How does it work in all the other equations?
infinity - infinity = 0?
1 + infinity = infinity?
If we use closest number to zero-monad (basic thing that constitutes the universe-everything-)Gottfreid Leibniz, in his essayMonadology,” suggested that the fundamental unit of all things is the monad. He intended the monad to have some of the attributes of the atom, but with important differences. The monads Leibniz proposed are indivisible, indissoluble, and have no extension or shape, yet from them all things were made. He called them “the true atoms of nature.” At the same time, each monad mirrored the universe. If we use monad instead of zero, every equations work
I think Science says "Every Thing had originated from a basic thing"
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Real numbers can be positive or negative, and include the number zero. They are called real numbers because they are not imaginary, which is a different system of numbers. https://www.livescience.com/42619-real-numbers.html
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Boolean and ZFC logic are constructed from fundamentally different foundations. Modern (20th century) mathematics appears to be dominated by the ZFC approach. I am not sure it is understood the two approaches are incompatible. Is this incompatibility studied?
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Es posible debo seguir profundizando y actuálizando me en Matemáticas pero según lo que he estudiado lo métodos matemáticos no se contradicen por diversas vías si son correctas se llega a los mismos resultados
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I have done cropping attacks in visual (pictorial) form but, I want to do this test in mathematical form, i.e., I want to calculate values of cropping attack analysis in MATLAB.
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Puedes usar MATLAB, pero puedes indagar sobre otros métodos que podrían ayudarte con el objetivo que persigues
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Hi,
I am trying to write the motivation part for linearization of a non-linear mathematical formulation. I claim the mathematical model will be more simple and easier to solve. But, of course, I need a reference for that! Any suggested book chapters or articles that discuss this point please?
Thanks in advance...
Zak
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Linearization is one amongst most important problem solving methods, in science.
This link may help you?
Thanks
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STEM fue el tema principal de la conferencia internacional ASTE 2019, con al menos 8 pósteres, 27 presentaciones orales y 3 talleres que promovieron las aulas STEM, la instrucción/enseñanza STEM, las lecciones STEM, los campamentos de verano STEM, los clubes STEM y las escuelas STEM sin proporcionar una conceptualización o definición operativa de lo que es STEM. Algunas presentaciones defendían la integración de las disciplinas, pero el ejemplo proporcionado fue principalmente prácticas "indagatorias" y de "diseño de ingeniería" que de hecho no diferían del tipo de actividades en el aula hands-on/minds-off mal conceptualizadas y epistemológicamente incongruentes.
Por lo tanto, vale la pena considerar:
(1) ¿Por qué lo llamamos STEM si no difiere de las prácticas aplicadas durante décadas (por ejemplo, indagación, actividades hands-on)?
(2) ¿Qué beneficios (si los hubiere) puede aportar esta mentalidad/tendencia de STEMinificación a la educación científica y su investigación?
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1) Moda
2) Igualdad supuestamente.
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Dear colleagues, please tell me a link to materials about mathematics of Dropout regularization in ANN. I perfectly understand how this algorithm works in practice, but I don't quite understand the mathematics.
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I know that an infant's brain can repair itself when damaged but why doesn't the same happen in adults after stroke or brain injuries?
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With Regenerative Medicine, using stem cells, the ongoing Programs are doing it, with good results and promising expectations.
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Hello everyone
I would really appreciate it if anyone could give some idea of some mathematical techniques for developing correlation for a dependent variable, W which has to be defined as W=f(x,y,z) where the individual functions are in form of power-law, W=a(x^b), W=c(y^d) and W=e(z^f).
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The simplest advice via the remark:
Logarithm of the equations implies linear formulas for the dependence of log W on log x , log y and log z.x,
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In general in mathematics we work with groups that includ numbers, generally we work with constants.
So for exempel: For any x from R we can choose any element from R we will find it a constant, the same thing for any complex number, for any z from C we will find it a constant.
My question say: Can we find a group or groups that includ variabels not constants for exemple, we named G a group for any x from G we will find an x' it's not a constant it's another variabel ?
and if it exisit can you give me exempels ?
Thank you !
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Hello
Can someone help me to solve this?
Because I really don't know about these problems and still can't solve it until now
But I am still curious about the solutions
Hopefully you can make all the solutions
Sincerely
Wesley
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Hi In what area was the issue raised? Euclidean space, Hilbert space, Banach space?
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Austrian-born mathematician, logician, and philosopher Kurt Gödel created in 1931 one of the most stunning intellectual achievements in history. His shocking incompleteness theorems, published when he was just 25, proved that within any axiomatic mathematical system there are propositions that cannot be proved or disproved from the axioms within the system. Such a system cannot be both complete and consistent.
The understanding of Gödel’s proof requires advanced knowledge of symbolic logic, as well as Hilbert and Peano mathematics. Hilbert’s Program was a proposal by German mathematician David Hilbert to ground all existing theories to a finite, complete set of axioms, and provide a proof that these axioms were consistent. Ultimately, the consistency of all of mathematics could be reduced to basic arithmetic. Gödel’s 1931 paper proved that Hilbert’s Program is unattainable.
The book Gödel’s Proof by Ernest Nagel and James Newman provides a readable and accessible explanation of the main ideas and broad implications of Gödel's discovery.
Mathematicians, scholars and non-specialist readers are invited to offer their interpretations of Gödel's theory.
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The idea is you have to go out of the system in order to prove some results.
Like the Fermat problem needed things like Eliptic curves also, foreign to just
plain integer arithmetic.
That is if you mix up a bunch of rules, there are also unexpected side effects which might be true, but cannot be proven. Some results are random (prime numbers)
Many other problems are still open.
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When I observed mathematics education in preservice teachers at my university, I found that What students learn in mathematics classes does not match what is needed in school mathematics classes. That led to my initiation to do design research, a Hypothetical Learning Trajectory that contains a sequence of learning processes related to elementary school mathematics learning. I consider starting with observations in elementary math class to identify misconceptions, then jointly reviewing issues on campus, conducting literature reviews, designing lessons to address identified problems, implementing them in class and evaluating the results. The final result is a Local Instructional Theory on Learning about Teaching Mathematics for prospective teachers to overcome misconceptions that occur in elementary mathematics classes. I need so many suggestions to do this research.
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From my experience your idea has been voiced by every teacher in every subject from the beginning of teaching. In addition, myself and very teacher wants a concept close to what you describe. So much so that they have refined it and set it in place as a curriculum goal at all levels of education.
And it usually fails in real-world classrooms. Especially teaching students from 5 to 18 years old. These are people in their early stages of developing skills to learn. And by their nature never at the same levels. To me those needs come first. You can be successful as a teacher and at same time put aside the obvious theory and hopeful goals.
Like someone else here suggested, spend a few years with the children you hope to help and find out what their needs are and those of their families and community VS what you think they are. First experience helping people to learn before you decide how they should learn and how to organize the curriculum.
Mathematical skills, concepts and facts - like anything else - are easily learned. With a big "if"...if the child likes to learn and has had people help them along the way.
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In 2010, Dr. Khmelnik has found the suitable method of resolving of the Navier-Stokes equations and published his results in a book. In 2021, already the sixth edition of his book was released that is attached to this question for downloading. Here it is worce to mention that the Clay Mathematics Institute has included this problem of resolving of the Navier-Stokes equations in the list of seven important millennium problems. Why the Navier-Stokes equations are very important?
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I finally could check the PDF, Prof. Aleksey Anatolievich Zakharenko
Dr. Khmelnik uses a variational principle to solve the NS equation, which is very powerful indeed.
He also discusses and gives examples & a reason for turbulence.
I know that the solution of NS is a non-linear problem that involves several modes and that it depends on the source.
However, my knowledge of the foundations of NS is very limited to a few linear/non-linear problems on non-equilibrium gas dynamics& MHD solved by the method, Prof. Miguel Hernando Ibanez had.
Thank you for sharing the link. I recovered my account.
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According to the resources; there is used to algorithm in HOMER sotware, grid search algorithm and derivative-free algorithm.