Materials Science - Science topic

DEAR ALL I am the guest editor of the Special Issue "Trends and Advances in Photocatalytic Thin/Thick Film Materials", This is a a special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Engineering for Energy Harvesting, Conversion, and Storage". I invite to every one interested in photocatalysis research to...

Dear Colleagues, We would like to invite you to share with the scientific community your expertise and knowledge of closed- and open-shell interactions described by static and time-evolution methods. The rapid development of computational technologies (hardware and software) has unfolded new possibilities, research areas and perspectives for scien...

Billions of people globally live under conditions of water stress and water shortage, or with contaminated water sources. Anthropogenic contaminants pose an extra challenge as water purification technology must be constantly developed or upgraded to deal with newly fabricated pollutants. One of the UN sustainable development goals is to ensure avai...

Three dimensional electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) microscopy is a critical tool in many applications in materials science, yet its data quality can fluctuate greatly during the arduous collection process, particularly via serial-sectioning. Fortunately, 3D EBSD data is inherently sequential, opening up the opportunity to use transformers...

The compound 2,2′;6,2″ terpyridine has attracted significant interest in the fields of supramolecular chemistry, materials science, and coordination chemistry due to its unique properties, including intense non-radiative relaxation and low quantum yields. With its tridentate ligand capabilities stemming from three nitrogen atoms, terpyridine ligand...

This study employed a coarse-grained Monte Carlo (MC) simulation to investigate the radiation-induced polymerisation of methacrylic acid (MAA) in an aqueous solution. This method provides an alternative to traditional kinetic models, enabling a detailed examination of the micro-structure and growth patterns of MAA polymers, which are often not capt...

In the fascinating and evolving field of quantum mechanics, the study titled "Multi-State Transitions and Reactions in Molecular Systems Induced by Entangled Two-Photon Absorption: A Quantum Coherence Perspective" delves into the intricate interplay between quantum entanglement and molecular phenomena. This work explores the complex dynamics of mul...

Machine learning represents an emerging branch of artificial intelligence, centering on the enhancement of algorithms in computer programs through the utilization of data and the accumulation of research-driven knowledge. The requirement for artificial intelligence in materials science is essential due to the significant need for innovative high-pe...

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a precious tool in materials science and morphology sciences, enabling detailed examination of materials at the nanoscale. However, precise and accurate sample repositioning during different observation sessions remains a significant challenge, impacting the quality and repeatability of SEM analyses. This study...

This study presents a method to recover the response function of a flexible latex membrane undergoing a dynamic event by volume oscillation using Double Digital Fringe Projection to measure the profile of the surface in a sequence of frames. By applying a frequency filter to the interference pattern, a moiré pattern was obtained. Optical phase retr...

Spinel oxides have a pivotal role in material science due to their structural, electrical, magnetic and optical properties, rendering them essential for wide range of applications. Spinel oxides, characterized by their spinel crystal structure, belong to a group of inorganic compounds with a general chemical formula of AB2O4, where A and B represen...

The prevalence of mesoscale complexity in materials science underscores the significance of the compromise in competition principle, which gives rise to the emergence of mesoscience. This principle offers valuable insights into understanding the formation process, characteristics, and performance of complex material systems, ultimately guiding the...

Since 2004, the design of high entropy alloys (HEAs) has generated significant interest within the materials science community due to their exceptional structural and functional properties. By incorporating multiple principal elements into a common lattice, it is possible to create a single‐phase crystal with a highly distorted lattice. This unique...

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is essential for determining atomic scale structures in structural biology and materials science. In structural biology, three-dimensional structures of proteins are routinely determined from thousands of identical particles using phase-contrast TEM. In materials science, three-dimensional atomic structures of...

ABSTRACT In the field of materials science, we correlate the microscopic characterization of samples with their apparent structure. We examine and measure the structure and properties of the material in order to obtain a general description of this material. We can gain a scientific understanding of it. It is a basic process for linking microscopi...

The notion of “closing the loop” has become a fundamental principle in contemporary society, particularly within the context of sustainable and circular systems. This abstract examines the notable progress achieved in the field of materials science, energy management, and waste reduction methods, all of which play a crucial role in the attainment o...

The issue of global warming imposes a change of paradigm in the energy sector to mitigate the human impact on the environment. In this perspective, hydrogen can be produced through water electrolysis and used in fuel-cell systems with near-zero pollutant emissions. Nevertheless, the distribution system represents one of the main bottlenecks for a f...

Hybrid nanofluids offer higher stability, synergistic effects, and better heat transfer compared to simple nanofluids. Their higher thermal conductivity, lower viscosity, and interaction with magnetic fields make them ideal for various applications, including materials science, transportation, medical technology, energy, and fundamental physics. Th...

The enhancement of photocatalytic efficacy in the field of materials science is a pivotal objective, particularly in the case of titanium dioxide (TiO2). In this study, a chemical top-down methodology was employed, involving a sequential treatment of submicron-sized anatase-type TiO2 with sodium hydroxide and an acid solution. This approach success...

At the intersection of synthetic biology and materials science, engineered living materials (ELMs) exhibit unprecedented potential. Possessing unique “living” attributes, ELMs represent a significant paradigm shift in material design, showcasing self‐organization, self‐repair, adaptability, and evolvability, surpassing conventional synthetic materi...

The rapid evolution in materials science has resulted in a significant interest in high-entropy alloys (HEAs) for their unique properties. This study focuses on understanding both quaternary and quinary body-centered cubic (BCC) of 12 refractory-based HEAs, and on analysis of their electronic structures, lattice distortions, mechanical, and thermal...

Rapid advancements in materials science and nanotechnology, intertwined with oncology, have positioned photothermal therapy (PTT) as a promising noninvasive treatment strategy for cancer. The breast's superficial anatomical location and aesthetic significance render breast cancer a particularly pertinent candidate for the clinical application of PT...

This research paper delves into future IT trends and their profound impact on various sectors, providing a glimpse into the potential for shaping the future. One of the key trends investigated is the seamless integration of multiple technologies, ranging from artificial intelligence (AI) and augmented reality (AR) to virtual reality (VR) and the In...

Advances in material sciences, control algorithms, and manufacturing techniques have facilitated rapid progress in soft grippers, propelling their adoption in various fields. In this review article, a comprehensive overview of the design and control aspects of intelligent soft robotic grippers tailored specifically for agricultural product handling...

Cervical spondylosis is a common disease that is often caused by long-term abnormal cervical curvature due to activities such as reading books and using computers or smartphones. This paper explores building an untethered and skin-integrated device in an e-skin form factor to monitor and haptically correct neck posture. The proposed design features...

Supramolecular polymers have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their perfect combination of supramolecular chemistry and traditional polymer chemistry. The design and synthesis of macrocycles have driven the rapid development of supramolecular chemistry and polymer science. Pillar[n]arenes, a new generation of macrocyclic compou...

Substructure search in chemical compound databases is a fundamental task in cheminformatics with critical implications for fields such as drug discovery, materials science, and toxicology. However, the increasing size and complexity of chemical databases have rendered traditional search algorithms ineffective, exacerbating the need for scalable sol...

Numerous recent innovations have been attained with the objective of bettering electric vehicles and their components, especially in the domains of energy management, battery design and optimization, and autonomous driving. As a result, the eco-system becomes more efficient and long-lasting, and the technology for electric cars of the future is adv...

This study investigates the applicability of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for distinguishing construction materials. The approach enhances data presentation, revealing distinct clusters and variable impacts on materials. This perspective provides valuable insights into concrete materials, guiding materials science and engineering practices. O...

In recent years, the global emphasis on sustainability and environmental responsibility has driven signi cant research and innovation in the elds of materials science and manufacturing. is Special Issue aims to contribute to the ongoing e orts toward sustainability by focusing on the applications of decision-making models and advanced optimization...

ICAMSEE2023 would be an ideal platform for all International and National Scientists, Professors, Students, and Industrials. There will be feature talks by eminent personalities from academics and industries on recent advances in field of Materials Science, Microscopy, Engineering, Technology and Energy. It will anticipate more than 300 participant...

Near-term quantum simulators are mostly based on qubit-based architectures. However, their imperfect nature significantly limits their practical application. The situation is even worse for simulating fermionic systems, which underlie most of material science and chemistry, as one has to adopt fermion-to-qubit encodings which create significant add...

Electronic textiles (e‐textiles) have emerged as a revolutionary solution for personalized healthcare, enabling the continuous collection and communication of diverse physiological parameters when seamlessly integrated with the human body. Among various methods employed to create wearable e‐textiles, printing offers unparalleled flexibility and com...

Introduction While the electoral success of political outsiders, individuals who build their careers outside established political parties, is not a novel phenomenon, it has become increasingly prominent in Europe, the United States, and Latin America. How can we define and apply this concept in Political Science? Materials and methods We conducte...

"Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Structured Randomness: Bridging AI, Neuroscience, and Statistical Mechanics" is a comprehensive exploration into the captivating world of structured randomness, a concept that lies at the crossroads of predictability and chance. This paper delves deep into how structured randomness forms a fundamental aspect of va...

One of the fundamental goals of materials science is to understand and predict the formation of complex phases. In this study, FeSi2 is considered as an illustration of complex phase formation. Although Fe and Si both crystallize with a simple structure, namely, body-centered cubic (bcc A2) and diamond (A4) structures, respectively, it is rather in...

The monograph will be useful for scientists, designers, engineers whose activities are related to the improvement of technical, economic and operational indicators of non-traction rolling stock at various stages of its life cycle. In particular, the issue of the possibility and expediency of introducing various types of constructive hierarchy of co...

Quantum-tunneling metal–insulator-metal (MIM) diodes have emerged as a significant area of study in the field of materials science and electronics. Our previous work demonstrated the successful fabrication of these diodes using atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (AP-CVD), a scalable method that surpasses traditional vacuum-based methods...

In this big data era, the use of large dataset in conjunction with machine learning (ML) has been increasingly popular in both industry and academia. In recent times, the field of materials science is also undergoing a big data revolution, with large database and repositories appearing everywhere. Traditionally, materials science is a trial-and-err...

In internal combustion piston engines, the process of oil film formation differs from that in industrial machines. The adhesive strength of the molecules at the interface between the coating of engine parts and the lubricating oil affects the load carrying capacity and the ability to form a lubricated film. The geometry of the lubricating wedge bet...

Plating Sn3Ag on copper substrates represents a crucial electronic packaging technique. In this study, we propose a novel composite plating approach, wherein CoSn3 nanocrystals are deposited within the Sn3Ag coating. The resulting reflowed Sn3Ag joints exhibit a range of distinctive properties. Notably, CoSn3 nanocrystals dissolve in Sn during the...

Researchers have made significant efforts over the past few decades to understand adsorption by developing various simple adsorption isotherm models. However, though many contaminants usually occur as multicomponent mixtures in nature, multicomponent adsorption isotherms have received limited attention and remain an area of inadequate research. We...

Particle separation is an essential part of many processes. One mechanism to separate particles according to size, shape, or material properties is dielectrophoresis (DEP). DEP arises when a polarizable particle is immersed in an inhomogeneous electric field. DEP can attract microparticles toward the local field maxima or repulse them from these lo...

The scientific community has raised increasing apprehensions over the transparency and interpretability of machine learning models employed in various domains, particularly in the field of materials science. The intrinsic intricacy of these models frequently results in their characterization as “black boxes”, which poses a difficulty in emphasizing...

The use of annular one-dimensional (1D) photonic crystals (PCs) for salinity sensing is studied in this research. Annular 1D-PCs provide small and integrated structures that facilitate the creation of portable and miniaturized sensor equipment appropriate for field use. In order to generate annular 1D-PCs, the research explores the finite element m...

Captopril (CAP) is a safe, cost-effective, and environmentally organic compound that can be used as an effective organo-catalyst. Functional groups of captopril make it capable to attach to solid support and acting as promoters in organic transformations. In this work, captopril was attached to the surface of magnetic graphene nitride by employing...

Department of Mechanical Engineering under the aegis of NITJ is organizing the 3rd International Conference on Materials Science & Engineering (ICMSE) from Nov. 23- 25, 2023. The present conference aims at providing a leading forum for sharing original research contributions and practical developments in the field of Materials Science and Engineeri...

Diffusion is one of the most important phenomena studied in science ranging from physics to biology and, in abstract form, even in social sciences. In the field of materials science, diffusion in crystalline solids is of particular interest as it plays a pivotal role in materials synthesis, processing and applications. While this subject has been s...

The stellar optoelectronic properties of metal halide perovskites provide enormous promise for next-generation optical devices with excellent conversion efficiencies and lower manufacturing costs. However, there is a long-standing ambiguity as to whether the perovskite surface/interface (e.g. structure, charge transfer or source of off-target recom...

Chronic wounds arising from accidents, surgeries, or diseases impose a significant clinical and economic burden, underscoring the need for effective solutions to prevent severe complications. Recent advancements in materials science and electrochemical technology have facilitated the development of conformable electrochemical platforms for detectio...

In this work, the authors have demonstrated the use of machine learning (ML) models in the prediction of bulk modulus for High Entropy Alloys (HEA). For the first time, ML has been used for optimizing the composition of HEA to achieve enhanced bulk modulus values. A total of 12 ML algorithms were trained to classify the elemental composition as HEA...

Featured Application: The focus of this review is the use of SEM imaging to gain insight into the composition and morphology of minerals in view of predicting or understanding their reactivity or the process by which they are formed. Abstract: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is a powerful tool in the domains of materials science, mining, and geo...

One of the most widely referenced Swarm Intelligence (SI) algorithms is the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), which is based on the pack hunting and natural leadership organization of grey wolves. The GWO algorithm offers several significant benefits, including simple implementation, rapid convergence, and superior convergence outcomes, leading to its eff...

Woven architectures are prepared by physical entanglement of fibrous components to expand one-dimensional material into two-dimensional sheets with enhanced strength and resilience to wear. Here, we capitalize on the elastic properties of long organic crystals with a high aspect ratio to prepare an array of centimeter-size woven network structures....

As an important hydrological parameter, dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration is a well-accepted indicator of water quality. This study deals with introducing and evaluating four novel integrative methods for the prediction of DO. To this end, teaching–learning-based optimization (TLBO), sine cosine algorithm, water cycle algorithm (WCA), and electro...

The quantification of the phase fraction is critical in materials science, bridging the gap between material composition, processing techniques, microstructure, and resultant properties. Traditional methods involving manual annotation are precise but labor-intensive and prone to human inaccuracies. We propose an automated segmentation technique for...

New product innovation in fields like drug discovery and material science can be characterized as combinatorial search over a vast range of possibilities. Modeling innovation as a costly multi-stage search process, we explore how improvements in artificial intelligence (AI) could affect the productivity of the discovery pipeline in allowing improve...

Investigating superconductivity represents one of the most significant phenomena in the field of condensed matter physics. Our simulations aim to elucidate the structures in the metallic state of Mg1−xMoxB2, which is essential for predicting their superconducting properties. By employing a first-principle cluster expansion and particle-swarm optimi...

In recent years, with the development of ship electric propulsion system, High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) motors have gained attention as a promising potential resolution due to their high-power density and the progression of cryogenic refrigeration technology. We present an electromagnetic characteristics numerical analysis of 40 MW, 120 rp...

Seismic observations suggest that the Earth's inner core has a complex structure (e.g., the isotropic layer at the top, innermost inner core, and hemispherical dichotomy). These characteristics are believed to reflect the history of dynamics and temperature profile of the inner core. One critical physical property is the inner core's thermal conduc...

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of synthetic polysaccharides, exploring their properties, applications, and environmental and health impacts. Synthetic polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates made by chemical or biological means and have become increasingly popular in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, constructio...

The aim of this research is to identify problems in studying science material and the factors that contribute to these problems. This type of research is qualitative and uses a descriptive approach, involving the use of interviews, questionnaires and documentation. The results showed that six students experienced difficulties in learning science. I...

This work constitutes a new trial to enhance the properties of palladium supported on alumina modified with zirconium used as catalysts for methane combustion. The effect of the support drying mode is studied. For this aim, Al2O3-ZrO2 binary oxides with zirconium loading of 2 and 5% in weight were prepared using sol–gel process then dried under ord...

Deregulated inflammations induced by various factors are one of the most common diseases in people's daily life, while severe inflammation can even lead to death. Thus, the efficient treatment of inflammation has always been the hot topic in the research of medicine. In the past decades, as a potential biomaterial, stimuli‐responsive hydrogels have...

The development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in practically every field of science has simplified modern life. Since the arrangement of atoms in structures, electronics and systems produce their distinctive properties and functionalities on the scale of 1-100 nm. Beginning in the early 2000s, there was a rise in public discussion and understan...

Hypervalent iodine reagents have outstanding synthetic potential and the ability to undergo practical and chemoselectivity of transformations either via ionic or radical reactions. These features enable them to access a variety of molecules of relevant to multi-disciplines, including drug discovery, material science, and agrochemistry. This highlig...