Material Characteristics - Science topic

Environmental materials containing radioactive elements derived from natural sources are referred to as naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM). These substances are widely distributed and can be found in the world's ocean, atmosphere, and crust. Using high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectroscopy, this study evaluated the specific...

The integration of electrospun nanofibres into composite materials such as carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) and glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRPs) has gained significant attention for enhancing their mechanical and thermal properties. This study focuses on the impact of incorporating polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based nanofibres into an epox...

Despite the increased research and scholarly attention on two-dimensional (2D) materials, there is still a limited range of practical applications for these materials. This is because it is challenging to acquire properties that are usually obtained by experiments or first-principles predictions, which require substantial time and resources. Descri...

This study modeled and analyzed the thermomechanical buckling behavior of smart magneto-electro-elastic (MEE) sandwich nanoplates using nonlocal elasticity, strain gradient elasticity, and higher-order plate theory. The sandwich nanoplate consists of ceramic and metal functional graded foam structure in the core layer and is composed of magneto-str...

This study compares the impact of conducting voltage hold measurements with Si/NCA Lithium-ion cells containing 70 wt% silicon in the anode and G/NMC811 cells. Silicon is known to present significant volume changes and hysteretic behavior, which has a big impact on the electrochemical behavior of the cells. Isothermal microcalorimetry is combined w...

Palm leaf manuscripts are a valuable part of world cultural heritage. Studying the mechanical properties of palm leaf manuscripts and their changes due to environmental influences is of great significance for understanding the material characteristics, aging mechanisms, and preventive conservation of these manuscripts. This study used dynamic vapor...

Friction between the contact lens (CL) and the corneal or conjunctival surfaces is considered one of key factors in triggering CL‐associated adverse effects. However, the relationship between friction properties and these effects remains unclear. Traditional measurement methods often fail to replicate real‐life conditions, thereby highlighting the...

Stress–strain curves are generally a very important material characteristic. For example, in numerical simulations, especially in sheet metal forming, stress–strain curves represent one of the most important data inputs. However, there is quite a wide range of parameters that influence their outline under the chosen technological conditions and, th...

Light‐matter strong coupling, especially Vibrational Strong Coupling (VSC), has become a significant research focus due to its potential to alter materials’ inherent physical and chemical properties. Remarkably, VSC operates even in the absence of light, harnessing subtle quantum fluctuations to influence material characteristics. Vibro‐polaritonic...

In order to fulfil rising energy demands and reduce pollutants in the environment, renewables are more crucial. Setting up communications again in the areas impacted requires easy alternate sources of energy after natural catastrophes. The handheld Vertical Axis Windmill Turbine can be used. FDM technique is believed to constitute over 70% of all 3...

The purpose of this paper is nonlinear vibration analysis of porous piezoelectric nanocomposite microbeams resting on elastic medium exposed to electro-magneto fields. The microbeam is armed by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in which the Mori–Tanaka theory is applied in order to obtain the structure equivalent material characteristics assuming CNTs agglom...

Resumo: A Propulsão Hipersônica aspirada é de fundamental importância para a análise de resultados obtidos experimentalmente em ensaios realizados em túneis de vento de alta entalpia. Isso vem despertando interesse na comunidade científica devido a resultados obtidos que interessam não só as instituições de pesquisa e universidades, mas também o se...

A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) is widely used for measuring the thermal properties of phase-change materials (PCMs). Optimizing test conditions based on material characteristics is essential for accurate results. This study investigates the effects of experimental parameters, including sample mass, heating rate, measurement modes, and at...

Authors have analyzed the existing confi gurations of composite materials, which help to modeling the contact between two materials surfaces with different physical and mechanical parameters. This is the main purpose of the research. Researchers have considered the possibilities of studying the layered materials mechanical properties and strength c...

Objectives The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) as a material for prefabricated crown restorations in pediatric dentistry, particularly for restoring primary tooth structure defects. Materials and methods This study analyzed the effects of three surface treatment modalities on PEEK’s surface morp...

This review explores the potential of peptide-based biomaterials to enhance biomedical applications through self-assembly, biological responsiveness, and selective targeting. Peptides are presented as versatile agents for antimicrobial activity and drug delivery, with recent approaches incorporating antimicrobial peptides into self-assembling syste...

Mycelium composite materials are comprised of renewable organic substrates interconnected by fungal mycelium, allowing full biodegradability after use. Due to their promising material properties, adaptability, and sustainable nature, these biomaterials are investigated intensively. However, one crucial aspect that has hardly been covered so far is...

The use of robots to produce 3D-printed concrete structures is developing rapidly. The technology offers promising potential to change the way we design and optimise concrete structures. This has already been shown by numerous publications in academia and showcased in the industry. When developing new design expressions for 3D-printed concrete stru...

Rubber components are widely spread in engineering due to their mechanical properties such as high strength, elongation, and dissipation characteristics. Modeling rubber behavior poses challenges because of its complex visco-elastic properties and various nonlinear effects. As high fidelity simulations become increasingly challenging, reduction tec...

Manganese‐based cathode materials have garnered extensive interest because of their high capacity, superior energy density, and tunable crystal structures. Despite their cost‐effectiveness, challenges like Mn dissolution and gas evolution originating from the irreversible structural degradation pose risks to stability and prolonged electrochemical...

Musculoskeletal simulations are a useful tool for improving our understanding of the human body. However, the physiological validity of predicted kinematics and forces is highly dependent upon the correct calibration of muscle parameters and the structural integrity of a model’s internal skeletal structure. In this study, we show how ill-tuned musc...

A sodium alginate/silica–containing amine group hybrid was successfully prepared by a sodium alginate oxidation process followed by a simple sol − gel method. Dialdehyde alginate was prepared through the selective oxidation process using sodium periodate. 3–aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was added to dialdehyde alginate to produce a functionali...

Recently, understanding the complex relationship between the mechanical properties and material characteristics of desulfurized rubber asphalt has received significant research attention. In this study, the rheological properties of rubber asphalt prepared by three kinds of desulfurized rubber powder are analyzed, and the mechanical response of rub...

Retrofitting is the very means of enhancing the service life of structures using various materials. Sustainable construction is the need of the hour, based on environmental considerations. Biological and lignocellulosic products, which are plant derived such as sisal fibres, in braided form, alongside epoxy matrix and its formulation of FRPs, are e...

Dry masonry is a type of construction that is nowadays used to a limited extent in the construction sector, including the housing sector. A lack of codified computational methods enabling engineers to design consciously is one of the factors limiting the development of dry walls. This article presents results from testing an innovative solution for...

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is an advanced additive manufacturing technique that demands meticulous control over thermal dynamics to maintain the integrity and performance of manufactured parts. This study presents the development and validation of a thermal model designed to enhance the SLM process for 316L stainless steel (316L SS) and titanium...

As society is rapidly converting from fossil‐based materials to greener alternatives, the valorization of lignin through chemical modification has been given considerable attention. Characterizing this highly heterogeneous biopolymer is a constant challenge, and an emerging strategy for dealing with variations in material characteristics is combini...

In recent years, due to the diversity of fire scenes in ports and ships, the problem of fire command is complicated. In the case of power failure, the original command platform and fire extinguishing system will not be able to be used normally, or the fire extinguishing resources carried by the ship when it is on fire cannot be used. In the traditi...

Context. Modern industrial enterprises face challenges that require introduction of latest technologies to improve efficiency and competitiveness. In metallurgy, one of key stages is continuous casting, where quality of products and economic performance of enterprise depend on accuracy and efficiency of process control. Products made using continuo...

For monitoring capillary moisture conduction, the most important parameter is the moisture conductivity coefficient, which is a material characteristic; however, its use in practical calculations is not very common. For further development in the field of liquid moisture propagation, an automated measuring apparatus has been developed and granted a...

This study investigates a micro light‐emitting diode (µLED) pixel circuit using the heterogeneous integration of complementary field‐effect transistors (CFETs). The CFETs are fabricated using a semiconductor layer composed of tellurium (Te) and indium‐gallium‐zinc oxide (IGZO) layers. Te and IGZO layers in the heterostructure IGZO/Te film exhibit h...

This article explores the diverse applications of fly ash (FA), a by-product generated during the combustion of coal. The introductory segment thoroughly comprehends the origins, composition, and widespread occurrence of FA. FA, which comprises an estimated 38% of worldwide power generation, frequently encounters disposal and storage obstacles on a...

Polyurethane was also employed in its production. However, there were several disadvantages to this type of material, therefore it lost its popularity. Despite having a higher tear resistance than silicone elastomer, it is still exclusively utilized for lining silicone prostheses. Although silicone materials are more widely used than other material...

Binder jetting is a rapidly evolving additive manufacturing technique, challenging the dominance of laser powder bed fusion in metal fabrication. This study focuses on the material properties of austenitic stainless steel 316L produced via binder jet technology. Porosity remains a significant challenge across additive manufacturing methods, adverse...

Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs) are vital for tunnel and underground construction due to their high safety and efficiency. Accurately predicting TBM operational parameters based on the surrounding environment is crucial for planning schedules and managing costs. This study investigates the effectiveness of tree-based machine learning models, includin...

Este artículo analiza las modalidades de inicio, prácticas y desempeño de las policías y fuerzas de seguridad en casos que culminaron en allanamientos a personas que cultivan y producen derivados de cannabis, atendiendo asimismo a las características del material secuestrado. El trabajo parte de entrevistas realizadas a personas que sufrieron allan...

In this study, a viable route to the development of a high‐performance polyoxymethylene (POM)‐based nanocomposite is proposed to overcome tribomechanical‐related issues in high‐precision sliding parts. Prior to melt‐blending, graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) filler was processed via a series of liquid‐phase exfoliation and surface modification with 3‐am...

Femtosecond laser-driven spintronic terahertz (THz) emitters based on magnetic nanofilms are poised to be the next-generation mainstream THz radiation devices due to their low cost, high performance, ultra-broadband, and easy integration. The radiation performance of spintronic THz emitters is related to the material characteristics, heterostructur...

This paper studies innovative microwave resonators, utilizing special dispersive materials whose relative permittivity is inversely proportional to the frequency square. The “dispersive material” refers not only to natural or synthesized materials but also to equivalent materials achieved through advanced dispersion management techniques. The new r...

Using unified shear deformation theory (USDT) and a modified power law, the current study examines bending properties of two-dimensional functionally graded curved porous beam. In order to improve accuracy, this method incorporates equilibrium equations, potential energy, and the idea of a neutral surface. The analysis uses a boundary conditions, n...

The utilization of Ordinary Portland Cement as the primary material of choice in the construction industry has had its drawbacks due to the large amounts of pollution Portland cement’s production causes. Significant findings have been discovered, and alkali-activated materials have been implemented as an alternative cementitious material to the tra...

Electrochromic (EC) materials allow for dynamic tuning of optical properties via an applied electric field, presenting great potential in energy-efficient technologies, such as smart windows for effective light and temperature regulation. The precise control of precursor concentration has proven to be a powerful approach in tailoring the physicoche...

This study is dedicated to the complete examination of the remains of a group of Iron Age cremation cemeteries located along the Huecha river that runs between the Moncayo and the Ebro, in the western end of the province of Zaragoza, bordering Navarre. Its material culture, funerary architecture, rituals related to the deposit of the deceased and t...

The rapid advancement of 3D printing technology has revolutionized the fabrication of microneedle arrays (MNAs), which hold great promise in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic interventions. This review provides an exploration of the diverse materials used in the production of 3D-printed MNAs, including phot...

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has revolutionized the production industry by offering design freedom with shorter lead times and reduced material wastage. However, the damage tolerance (DT) of AM parts is a significant concern due to their microstructural and geometric complexities, which affect their mechanical performance. This article aims to provi...

The main objective of this paper is to explore the effect of the nonlocal parameter on a two-dimensional micropolar thermoelastic isotropic rotating medium using the three-phase-lag (3PHL) framework. Through application of normal mode method, exact expressions for the temperature, microrotation, displacement, stress components have been obtained. N...

We analyse the ultrasound waves reflected by multiple bubbles in the linearized time-dependent acoustic model. The generated time-dependent wave field is estimated close to the bubbles. The motivation of this study comes from the therapy modality using acoustic cavitation generated by injected bubbles into the region of interest. The goal is to cre...

Due to the influence of material characteristics and engineering imperfections, the residual magnetic fields including static and dynamic field in a lightweight magnetically shielded room (MSR) present non-uniform distribution characteristic. To effectively reduce the residual static field, a non-uniform field compensation method based on distribut...

The research project Books, rituals and spaces in a Cistercian nunnery. Living, praying and reading in Lorvão 13th – 16th c., along with the Institute for Medieval Studies (IEM Nova FCSH), is organising the International Conference "Women of the Cistercian Order: unveiling nunneries and expanding horizons", which will take place via Zoom January 29...

Si-based power devices, including Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs), Laterally Diffused MOSFETs (LDMOS), Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs), and Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs), have played integral roles in powering electronic systems and facilitating power delivery networks. Despite concerted efforts to enha...

Background Wound haemostasis is an important part of clinical treatments, especially treatments for patients with avulsion injury, destructive injury and large-scale soft tissue injury. Therefore, developing fast and effective haemostatic materials is critical. This study aimed to design a novel and efficient silk fibroin–gelatine composite haemost...

Resumo Originalmente, a manufatura aditiva era utilizada apenas como validação e/ou visualização de conceitos e projetos, mas o avanço da técnica de impressão 3D possibilitou o desenvolvimento de ferramentas e componentes. O objetivo do trabalho é avaliar experimentalmente a resistência ao impacto no ensaio de IZOD de amostras impressas por manufat...

Electrospun fiber-based photocatalysts demonstrate significant potential in addressing global environmental and energy challenges, primarily due to their high specific surface areas and unique properties. This review examines recent advances in the application of these materials in photocatalytic processes, with a particular focus on water splittin...

This study is conducted to compare and evaluate thermomechanical stresses of four different types of interfaces in power cable accessories. This study proposes a numerical method designed to effectively integrate material characteristics and their temperature-dependent variations. Finite element method is used to validate the analytical approach. T...

Coatings are essential for protecting steel structures from corrosion and mechanical stresses, especially under challenging environmental conditions. To this end, this study systematically examines the effects of temperature (20 °C to 50 °C), strain rate (6.67 × 10−4 s−1 to 1.67 × 10−2 s−1), and intermediate coat thickness (140 μm to 700 μm, the la...

The powder-based additive manufacturing of high-melting polyamides is impeded by unfavorable fracture properties and oxidation tendencies, limiting the technical applicability and the reuse of unfused powder. Overcoming these limitations through new processing strategies provides the opportunity for significantly extending the range of materials ap...

Climate change due to carbon dioxide emissions is one of the most significant global challenges. Sustainable recycled materials are recognized as a critical factor in mitigating climate change, representing a fundamental strategy for reducing gas emissions and preserving the environment. Promising sustainable recycled materials in construction, suc...

Precise investigational model of a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) is offered for assessing membrane displacement along with the impact of the top electrode. Silicon nitride (Si3N4) selected as membrane material is operated under a DC bias. The top electrode's size and material characteristics are varied in this study to inspe...

Within digital media, the effectiveness of content material advice systems is pivotal for boosting user engagement and satisfaction. This study’s article delves into the development and implementation of a singular set of rules recommendation gadgets based totally on the principles of support Vector device (SVM), a distinguished machine learning ap...

Amid the increasing scarcity of raw materials, utilizing bamboo as a renewable building material offers significant environmental and economic benefits for the European construction sector. However, in Europe, the use of bamboo for construction remains limited due to a lack of studies on geometrical and material characteristics of European-cultivat...

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of adding large quantities of reinforcing agents specifically, 3% MoS2 along with different SiC concentrations 5%, 10%, and 15% to LM25 aluminium alloys. The goal of producing these composites was to improve the material characteristics of hybrid metal matrix composites (HMMCs) by the use o...

A new approach to an automatable fiber impregnation and consolidation process for the manufacturing of fiber-reinforced composite parts is presented in this article. Therefore, a vacuum chamber sealing machine classically used in food packaging is modified for this approach—Vacuum Chamber Infusion (VCI). Dry fiber placement (DFP) preforms, made fro...

Engineering, biomedical, and medicinal applications effectively employ the extraction of natural resources. Natural and recycled natural fibers are highly advantageous for producing hard-core and soft-core composite materials and equipment. Natural fiber processing can yield diverse material characteristics. Particularly, processes such as chemical...