MATLAB Simulation - Science topic

I am using decode and forward scheme for dual hop wireless communication system. first hop is operating in THz frequency range (alpha mu fading with pointing error) and the second hop is operating in RF frequency range (Rayleigh fading). The end to end SNR of the mixed THz-RF wireless system can be expressed as gamma(e) = min(gamma(1), gamma(2)), where gamma(1) and gamma(2) are the SNR of first and second hop respectively.

I have derived the PDF and CDF of the gamma(e) and plotted the analytical results for outage probability and average BER .

I just want a simulation MATLAB code for this mixed THz-RF wireless communication system with decode and forward scheme.

Hello, I'm am working on a liquid crystal antenna for my thesis work. I was trying to use this liquid crystal (LC) mixture GT7-29001 from Merck KGaA, Dramstadt, Germany.

From a research paper, I found the following information - GT7-29001 is an LC optimized for high-frequency band applications, and two dielectric constants were ε⊥ = 2.45 (tan δ⊥ = 0.0116) and ε∥ = 3.53(tan δ∥ = 0.0064) at 19 GHz, respectively, according to the datasheet provided by the Merck KGaA.

Hi everyone,

I am trying to simulate an M-QAM MIMO system, and I want to decode the received signal using QR decomposition and sphere decoding.

However, I am struggling to understand how to implement the simple tree sphere decoding algorithm.

Here's my understanding so far:

Given a receive signal as follows:

1. Y = HX + N;

where X is a K x 1 vector consisting of K MQAM data symbols, H is a K x K fading matrix, N is a

K x 1 AWGN vector, and Y is the K x 1 received vector.

We perform QR detection as follows:

2. H = QR;

where Q is a K x K Unitary matrix, and R is a upper-triangular matrix with entry R(i, j),

with i and j being the row and column indices respectively.

Then we equalise the receive signal in 1. as:

3. Z = (Q^H)*Y = RX + (Q^H)*N , where Q^H is the Hermitian transpose of Q.

I now want to perform Sphere decoding based on 3. This is where I am struggling.

My best attempt at coding this algorithm in Matlab is shown below (Assuming K = 8, and assuming an arbitrary radius d):

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% ## Inputs:

% # R, upper triangular matrix

% # Z,vector receive signal

% # d, radius of sphere

%

% ## Output

% # X_hat, vector of estimated symbols

n = 8; % n => K

d_vector = zeros(1, n);

d_vector(n) = d;

Upp_bound = zeros(1, n);

Low_bound = zeros(1, n);

minR = d_vector(n);

intersum = zeros(1, n);

intersum(n) = Z(n);

Upp_bound(n) = (d_vector(n) + Z(n))/R(n, n);

Low_bound(n) = (-d_vector(n) + Z(n))/R(n, n);

X_hat = zeros(1, n);

% ## begin algorithm

if Low_bound(n) > Upp_bound(n)

return null;

else

X_hat(n) = Low_bound(n);

end

k = n;

while X_hat(n) <= Upp_bound(n)

if X_hat(k) > Upp_bound(k)

k = k + 1;

X_hat(k) = X_hat(k) + 1;

else

if k > 1

k = k - 1;

d_vector(k) = sqrt(d_vector(k)^2 - (intersum(k + 1) - R(k + 1, k + 1)*X_hat(k + 1))^2);

intersum(k) = Z(k) - R(k, (k + 1):n)*X_hat((k + 1):n);

Upp_bound(k) = (d_vector(k) + intersum(k))/R(k, k);

Low_bound(k) = (-d_vector(k) + intersum(k))/R(k, k);

if Low_bound(k) > Upp_bound(k)

k = k + 1;

X_hat(k) = X_hat(k + 1);

else

X_hat(k) = Low_bound(k);

end

else

while X_hat(k) <= Upp_bound(k)

if minR > norm(Z - R*X_hat, 'fro')^2

X_est_vector = X_hat; %found X_hat

minR = norm(Z - R*X_hat, 'fro')^2;

end

X_hat(k) = X_hat(k) + 1;

end

k = k + 1;

X_hat(k) = X_hat(k) + 1;

end

end

end

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

Please could you tell me where I might be going wrong.

Thank you.

Kindly suggest.

I constructed a linear mixed-effects model in Matlab with several categorical fixed factors, each having several levels. Fitlme calculates confidence intervals and p values for n-1 levels of each fixed factor compared to a selected reference. How can I get these values for other combinations of factor levels? (e.g., level 1 vs. level 2, level 1 vs. level 3, level 2 vs. level 3).

Thanks,

Chen

Most of the codes in the examples in the literature are presented for discrete variables. While the main challenge in solving Bayesian networks is the use of continuous variables. Marco's chain will be used in probability inference in the solution process. Also, this network includes predicting procedures and updating processes using observations

What is the difference between a conventional rectifier and an ultrafast rectifier in MATLAB/Simulink?

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was trying plot the pole zero plot of a transfer function.And used the code

H=pzplot(t1) for the same and got the output like Figure 1

But I wanted an answer like Figure 2 ,with names and different colours for poles and zeros

What should I do?

These are the Filter coefficients

b = [1,0.618,1] %numerator coefficients

a = [1,0,0] % denominator coefficients

b = b/sum(b) % normalization

figure

t1 = tf(b,a,(1/fs))

Thank You

Dear members of the wireless research community, please guide me.

In the image of an equation given below, N is the antennas at BS and K is the UTs; eta is the ratio of length of pilot to data symbols; mu is the ratio of pilot symbol energy to data symbol energy; alpha is the fading second moment; rho denotes the channel's imperfect estimation; and the mean SNIR for the ZF detector is given as gamma. What pertinent information can we glean from the equation? Secondly, how can we draw some useful asymptotes from this equation? because standard BER commands are typically used in Matlab simulations, and these equations are not simulated for BER. Secondly, if in the equation we change the parameter (N-K+1) to N (which is the case for MRC), what insights do we get from that?

I was wondering if anyone has experince in tranining a neural network in simulink. I tried a couple of methods, they work in offline, however do not work well with the simulink. Any advice is much appreciated. Thank you

I am trying to use hydrogen produced from the Alkaline electrolyzer in production of Green Ammonia. I have researched online and found most of the ammonia synthesis are done in Aspen plus or HYSYS or dwsim or similar like that.

I am trying to make Ammonia synthesis model in MATLAB but I am having problem in here. Originally I am not the chemical engineering student, so I don't know much of dynamic mass and energy balance. Is there a good resource which I can use for modelling Ammonia synthesis in MATLAB?

Alkaline electrolyzer model is made on MATLAB simulink, so I am trying to make Ammonia synthesis model on MATLAB too.

Please help me in here if you know something.

This DC Microgrid comprises of wind turbine, PV, FC and two batteries with supercapacitors as DC machines. There are two breakers in the simulation.

I have tried changing solvers or run simulation in Discrete mode. They did not work.

Dear researchers,

Can anyone share the Visual Basic or Matlab Code of the membrane distillation process with me?

Thank you so much.

Regards

Using Python, I would like to convert PSD (G²/Hz vs Frequency) diagrams to Acceleration vs Time diagrams. Would someone be able to provide some insight into this matter, because I would like to know first whether or not this can be accomplished and if so, how?

Recently, I have been troubing in calculating the Lenticular lens Imaging. I want to find a method to calculate the object is imaged through the lenticular lens

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Lumerical monitors only measures reflectance\transmittance of the total output field.

I want the transmittance of a specific polarization component of the output

I fabricated a supercapacitor which uses carbon as electrode material and found specific capacitance, cycle life, EIS studies, GCD curves, power and energy density.

Is it possible to simulate the same (fabricated electrode) using MATLAB Simulation.

i need to design a model with some specifications

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For example, to classify the data in Python or such programs, we use 0001; 0010; 0100; and 1000 digits for four classes. Can we simply use 1; 2; 3 and 4 in MATLAB? This will help me diagnose if I have multiple classes.

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Anyone can share BLDC motor control MATLAB simulation file??

I am trying to plot 4 races on one polar plot using "hold on" command. the function I am using is "polar2". when plotting 2nd or 3rd trace, seems to create new axis (may be). the trace is extending.

Is there any other way to plot 2-3 plots in the same polar plot without using "hold on" command in Matlab?

I want to run an ODE system by varying a suitable parameter, suppose \alpha. Now I have divided the job into the corresponding worker and created a data file so that for each parameter \alpha, I need to copy a certain measure of the system into the data file. When I googled it and went through some documentation, I realized that using a single file only creates a route to a corrupt file. It is not a way to do that, and I need to create multiple files. I need to ask whether there is any way to create files with some exact name (must be in parallel programing) and scan data from all the files to create another data file that contains all the data.

I want to do MATLAB simulation for the MIAB welding process. In the process the arc play a very important role. So I want to understand the arc simulation in MATLAB. Kindly help me with that.

I have a simulation code for a Horizontal Washing Machine.

The code solves the equations of motions of the system by Matlab ode45 and plots the vibration response of the system at the transient state of performance.

In this code, the frequency (omega) is an exponential function of time, as it's stated below (and its diagram is attached to 'the question'):

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

omega= (1-exp((-0.5)*t))*omega_0+(1-exp((-0.5)*heaviside(t-t1).*(t-t1)))*(omega_1-omega_0);

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[T,Y]=ode45(@snowa1,tspan1,initial_vector1);

plot(T,Y(:,1)-mean(Y(:,1)))

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

It is desired to :

First, increase the frequency to omega_0 by exponential1

Then, increase it to omega_1 by exponential2

But 'the problem' is that:

the displacement response shows an unexpected increase in frequency at the beginning of the second exponential increase (it becomes 20 Hz, which is much larger than the maximum frequency in the simulation- 10 Hz).

Do you know what could be the reason for this response?

Any help would be gratefully appreciated.

please I am working on state estimation of power systems using the weighted least square and i have zero clue on how to go about it using MATLAB. I am using an IEEE 14 bus system. please i need help. Anyone has the complete research and project please kindly reach out.

Can the IMCOUNTOR image diagram in MATLAB be used to run on holograms as well?

The image below is an example of an activated sludge cell under a light microscope and the second figure is an example of another cell.

Reference:

Hi,

(I have asked this questions previously, but I believe it was too general. I have tried to be more specific here)

I am trying to establish an islanded microgrid with 2 inverters running in parallel to supply a single load. I want to use droop control so I can then adjust the power sharing between them.

I am struggling to get 2 inverters to synchronise. I can get them to supply the same voltage, but the currents work against each other in the load.

What I have tried:

1. Grid forming and Grid feeding. When I add the Grid feeding inverter, I can not control the voltage that it injects the current at. If I give it it a Reactive power reference, it will inject current into the grid at that power level, it doesn't regulate the voltage. Therefore, it pushes the voltage of the load up I get instability in the system.

2. Grid supporting Voltage x 2. I have tried to put 2 Grid supporting Voltage sources in parallel. The problem here, is that if each inverter supplies a different power, this then adjusts the frequency that is injects its power into the grid and the miss match between the two frequencies of the inverters causes instability.

3. Grid supporting Voltage and Grid supporting Current. This has the same issue as point number 1. As there is no way to pin the voltage to anything, it is simply a current source that cant control the voltage it injects at. This causes instability in the microgrid I created.

Am I doing something wrong ?

The following paper has exactly what I am trying to achieve, but I get different results:

Does anyone have a Simulink model of 2 parallel inverters supplying a load in islanded mode?

Attached is the model of the Grid Supporting Voltage inverters in parallel that I have been working on. You can see that the currents of each inverter are working against each other.

Thank you

Hi,

I am currently working on my PhD in Control Engineering. I have run into a brick wall and it has consumed months of my time. I understand the following:

There are 4 types of configurations for a power converter:

Grid Forming

Grid Supporting Current

Grid Supporting Voltage

Grid Feeding

I am using the following paper to try and establish a microgrid of parallel converter:

1. When I establish a Grid Forming power converter, I set the w and v of the grid. I am then using a second Grid Supporting Current power converter, but the voltage of the grid become unstable. I have read in other threads that Grid Forming power converters cannot run in parallel with any other converters. I assume this is why this started.

2. I then try to establish 2 Grid Supporting Current power converters to run in parallel with each other. However, there doesn't really seem to be a way that I can synchronise them. I can get them to run when the power on the droop controller is the same, therefore the w are both the same and they synchronise. I tried to switch one of them for a Grid Feeding power converter, again this did the same as in part 1, it adjusted the voltage and it became unstable.

3. All of the models I have come across take the inner current loop voltage readers before the Capacitor but after the Inductor, as in the paper mentioned above. However, Simulink gives me an error about zero crossings, when I override it the AC output has major distortion in it.

How can I create a Simulink model with two parallel converters to run together ?

My goal is to create two or more parallel converters providing a single load so that I can create a controller that provides stability under actuator attacks.

The other papers I have based this off are:

You can see from these articles that the current reading is taken before the capacitor bank.

Does anyone know if I can connect the attached DAQ (CASSY type) to MATLAB real time simulink for controlling purposes?

How can I have water-LiBr mixture properties in MATLAB library?

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I confronted with a problem when I cannot use the outputs of the algorithms for NMI criteria.

I will gratitude everyone could guide me about the matter!

I am currently working on a project that requires the prediction of the oblique shear angle for an oblique cutting. The numerical iteration should continue until the chip flow angle converges within 10^-14

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Hi

I intend to define a frequency domain objective function to design an optimal controller for Load-Frequency Control (LFC) of a power system. My purpose is to optimize this objective function (finding the proper location of zeros and poles) using meta-heuristic methods.

I will be happy if you share your valuable relevant and informative experiences, references and articles in this field including how to define and how to code.

Thanks

A multi-effect desalination–thermal vapor compression (MED–TVC) system consuming the waste heat from the gas power plant of the Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex is designed and optimized by a new approach that integrates two environments: a MATLAB simulator and macros for economic analysis. A heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) is used to supply the required heat for steam generation while harvesting the waste heat. The HRSG and MED–TVC systems are simulated using MATLAB, and their economic analysis is conducted using DEEP software. The gain output ratio (GOR) and the total annual cost of desalination are considered as the objective functions in a multi-objective optimization to achieve the highest GOR and the lowest total annual cost simultaneously. The multi-objective optimization is performed using nondominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA II). It is found that the heating steam temperature is more affected by the GOR than the other decision variables.

Hi everyone.

I have recently discovered an interest in digital communications, and stumbled upon a modulation technique called Media-Based Modulation (MBM) using RF mirrors. I have done some research on this, and would like to implement this in a SIMO wireless communication channel I designed in MATLAB. I am, however, struggling to get the correct result. I wish to generate the BER vs SNR curve, and investigate the error performance when compared to a regular SIMO system.

Here is my implementation so far:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

%% simulate for number of receivers

figure,

Nr=2; % SIMO 1x2 System

%% Number of RF Mirrors

Mrf = 2; % 2 RF mirrors

Nm = 2^Mrf; % total number of Mirror Activation Patterns (MAPs)

%% Parameters

N=10^3; % Number of symbols to transmit

M=16; % QAM Modulation Order

%m = log2(M) + Mrf; %input bits from source?

k=log2(M);

snr=0:3:30; % signal to noise ratio

bit_errors = zeros(length(snr), 1); % <- Initialise BER vector

loop=10000; % Loop variable

%% Simulate over range of SNR

for i=1:length(snr) % Compute BER over SNR range

cur_bit_errors = zeros(loop, 1); % <- Initialise bit error vector

%% Monte Carlo loop

for l=1:loop % Simulation loop

% Input Signal

data=randi([0 M-1], Nm, N);

% Modulate Transmitted Signal

x=qammod(data, M, 'Gray');

% SIMO Freq.flat rayleigh fading channel with Media-Based

% Modulation - Nr x Nm channel fading matrix

% Theory says the MBM-transmit Unit chooses a fading vector h of

% size Nr x 1 from H based on the MAP selected.

H = (randn(Nr, Nm) + 1i*randn(Nr, Nm)) / sqrt(2);

% Multiply transmitted symbols with fading coefficients

% - Columns of h must to equal rows of x.

y1=H*x;

% add AWGN

y2=awgn(y1, snr(i));

% Effectively y=hx+n

% Maximum Receiver Ratio Combining

y3=H'*y2/norm(H)^2;

% ML Detection?

% According to Theory, must use exhaustive ML detection

%% Possible Code

%% for ii=1:M

%% for kk = 1:Nm

%% [dd xcap] = min(norm((y - h(kk)*x(ii)), 'fro')^2);

%% end

%% end

%% cur_bit_errors(l) = biterr(data, xcap);

% Demodulate Transmitted Signal

y4=qamdemod(y3, M, 'Gray');

cur_bit_errors(l)=biterr(data, y4); % Calculate Bit errors

end

bit_errors(i) = mean(cur_bit_errors)/(N*k); % <- Calculate mean BER

end

semilogy(snr, bit_errors, 'color', [rand rand rand]); % plot with logarithmic y-axis

axis([0 30 1e-5 1]); % Set axis dimensions

hold on;

grid on; % show a grid

xlabel('SNR [dB]'); ylabel('BER'); % label x- and y-axis

title('16QAM SIMO BER vs SNR');

legend('rx=2 SIMO-MBM');

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The curve I am getting is a flat-line, which is obviously not correct. I was told by someone that the only change needed was that my rayleigh fading channel vector h needed to be a channel matrix of size Nr x Nm. However, this change produced a flat-line curve.

I have made some comments in my code to remember certain concepts learnt in MBM theory.

For example, the source supposedly provides an input vector of m = log2(M) + Mrf bits, where Mrf bits are used to select the Mirror Activation Pattern (MAP) index 'k' for the RF mirror selector, and log2(M) bits are used to select a Gray-coded MQAM symbol, 'x' subscript q, for example.

Secondly, the channel fading vector becomes a Nr x Nm channel fading matrix, where Nr is the number of receivers in the channel, and Nm=2^Mrf is the total number of MAPs available. According to theory, the MQAM symbol x is transmitted over a fading channel selected from the MBM-Transmit Unit MAP with a channel fade given by the NR × 1 vector 'h' in the presence of AWGN. In my implementation, I simply multiplied the channel matrix by 'x' as shown and made sure that the column length in 'H' was equal to the row length in 'x', however, I am not sure if this is correct or not.

Thirdly, for detection, theory says that ML detection must be used, where

[xcap kcap] = min(norm((y - h*x, 'fro')^2); q ∈ [1 : M], k ∈ [1 : Nm]

which is the frobenius norm squared of 'y' subtract the channel fading vector 'h', subscript 'k' raised to 'm' selected by the kth MAP multiplied by 'x' subscript q. For my SIMO system, I used the 'qamdemod' function, and the code ran and generated the BER vs SNR curves, however this may not be the correct implementation in this case, so any takes on this is appreciated.

I would really appreciate any help anyone can offer me in trying to introduce MBM into this system. This topic really piqued my interest, and I am eager to learn as much as I can about it.

I tried to reproduce the interband conductivity of Graphene using the Kubo formula using Matlab. but the result didn't match with my sourcebook. what is wrong with my Matlab code? the results are very small related to the book. The formula, Matlab code, my results, and the book results are attached. fd is equal to 1/(exp((eps-muc)/KbT)+1) and sig0=pi*e^2/(2*h) , e is electron charge, h is Planck constant. muc is fermi energy level and here is equal to 0.6 ev. in the last image, the imaginary part of the interband conductivity is shown with dashed line.

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the model is also attached.

Anyone help me, helps a poor student. (if it makes sense lol)

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Hello,

I am working on my research and looking for an IoT simulator environment or software to provide the following capabilities or provide integration to other tools to provide capabilities.

I have already looked at NS-3 briefly and NetSim.

- IoT network system with simulation of different IoT architecture such as Star or Mesh

- AI including Reinforcement learning capabilities

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- Cyberattack scenario simulation

- Possible 5G capabilities

Appreciate your help,

Thanks,

Anthony

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Looking forward for your guidance.

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Hello

My colleagues and I intend to implement a real-time controller. So that a simple real first-order system is controlled by a controller designed in MATLAB/Simulink environment (Rapid Control Prototyping). We would be grateful if you could help with the following:

Is this possible with the help of dSPACE devices? And in that case, with what tools? For example, is the DS1202 MicroLab suitable by itself?

In general, what configuration is proposed for such a system in real-time modeling? (In the academic field)

We would also be grateful if you could suggest an example (project, article, book, schematics, etc.) in this regard. Unfortunately, with so much searching, most of what I found was just PWM generating for power electronic converters.

We are also interested in any advice and experience you have had in this field.

Thanks & Regards.

I have designed 17 level 3 phase CHB MLI. Giving THD less than 5% for R and RL load. But when I apply it to induction motor load, I can see a voltage spike (to max volt) near each zero crossing. ( For each phase voltage). Which increases THDv to 30%. What parameters of motor may contribute to this?

I am involved in small project that involves houseload and renewbles like PV , energy storage system & electric vehicle connected to house ! The challenge is to optimize the the load and find the right time for the EV to charge using matlab simulation . what is the best optimization algorithms for such problems involving load and stuff ? Any reference papers SUGGESTING THE SAME would be appreciated .

Thanks !

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The problem is this: there is model of robot, created in Simscape. And knee of this robot is made of "pin-slot-joint", which allows one transnational and one rotational degree of freedom. In transnational motion, it is imposed the stiffness and damping factor, which gives influence also to rotational torque. My aim is to write optimization or control algorithm in such a way that this algorithm should provide such stiffness(in linear direction), which will reduce the rotational torque. By the way, rotational reference motion of knee is provided in advance(as input), and appropriate torque is computed inside of the joint by inverse dynamics. But to create such algorithm, I have no deep information about block dynamics, because block is provided by simscape, and the source code and other information is hidden. By having signals of input stiffness, input motion, and output torque, I need to optimize the torque.  I will be truly grateful if you suggest me something. (I tried to obtain equation, by using my knowledge in mechanics, but there are lots of details are needed such as the mass of the joint actuator, it's radius, the length of the spring and etc. AND I HAVE NO THIS INFORMATION.) If you suggest me something, I will be truly grateful.

I'v used some matlab functions (based on mfiles) in my simulink. In order to decrease simulink running time I want to replace these blocks with a new toolbox.

my project is power quality and harmonic analysis ubder balancee load conditions under 0-2 Khz.

i was asked to measure each harmonic up to 2 kHz at different power levels and THD. i made a multidrive system upto 20 drives using Dipde rectifier and nonlinear loads

Change the grid impedance (1%, 5% and 15% base impedance) and see the differences.

so what frequency should i take my source and grid impedance values?

What does upto 2khz mean??

Do i keep my source at 2 khz ?

Base radius is the interface of the liquid and the solid surface. Contact angle is just the angle a droplet makes with the surface at the triple point.

Hi , i am stuck in trying to change the orientation of the frames in simscape multibody. I am trying to specify motion to the joints in a constrained way for which i need the orientation of the frames of the follower and the base at the joints to be same. How should i proceed in achieving the task ?Any suggestions would be helpful .

Thank You.

I am currently working on a buck converter controlled by two different control methods, Reinforcement learning applied to find PID values & a lead-lag compensator. The controllers are designed and perfectly fit the transfer function system but once applied to the circuit system things go astray.

I do not know why the disparities are occurring since the transfer function system and circuit system are not far off one another. I can provide the proof of this if wanted. I can supply the Simulink file also if wished. Any help in the right direction is appreciated. I currently think integral windup may be taking place but I am not sure.

Thanks in advance

HELLO GUYS, I am trying to simulate Matlab 2013a Simulink model with Psim 12.0.4 demo version on Windows 10 using Simcoupler module. When I run this model, I get the following error:

Errors: -->> Error Evaluating 'OpenFcn' callback of S-function block (mask) 'PSimModel/SimCoupler'. -->> Undefined function "PSimDialog' for input arguments of type 'char'.

Any solution for this problem? Thanks in advance.