Logarithms - Science topic

In this document, some papers and preprints whose titles contain the notions of logarithmically completely monotonic functions, logarithmically absolutely monotonic functions, and completely monotonic degrees are collected.

The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of different reperfusion duration following intra-conditioning blood flow restriction (BFR) on bar velocity during the bench press exercise and muscle viscoelastic properties of the triceps brachii. Eleven resistance trained males (age: 24.3 ± 4.9 years; body mass: 85.5 ± 13.2 kg; bench press...

In this study, we determined the thermal equations of state (EoS) for rubidium chloride (RbCl), rubidium bromide (RbBr), and rubidium iodide (RbI) in the B2 (CsCl-type) structure. We conducted in situ energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction measurements at high pressures (up to 26 GPa) and temperatures (up to 1800 K) using a large volume press. Pressur...

The development of tourism economy can benefit a series of tourism supporting industries, which is one of the grips to enhance China’s economic vitality, and grasping the market demand of tourism economy is the key to the development of tourism. For this reason, this paper predicts the market demand of tourism economy based on tourism big data. Sys...

In this paper, we introduce a family of $\mathcal{O}_{\alpha}$-transformation based on kernels fusion of the fractional Fourier transform (abbreviated as FRFT) with angle $\alpha \notin \pi \mathbb{Z}$. We point out this is a valid integral transform via establishing its basic operational properties. Besides, we survey various mathematical aspects...

Modelling heterogeneous data sets is an emerging research area that is growing steadily. This paper introduces the Harmonic Mixture Gompertz distribution, a new mixture model derived from the weighted harmonic mean of the survival functions of two Gompertz distributions. Some statistical properties are obtained. A simulation study is conducted to e...

This thesis deals with the problem of understanding the turbulence flow properties over various arrangements of hemispherical bottom walls. The time-averaged (TA) turbulence properties are unable to predict the accurate result about the understanding of the three-dimensional flow phenomenon for specific flow zones over various kinds of rough wa...

We study the existence and stability of equilibria in the regular n-gon restricted \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$(n+1)$\end{document}-body problem with...

In this article, we study the well-posedness theory for solutions of the stochastic heat equations with logarithmic nonlinearity perturbed by multiplicative Lévy noise. By using Aldous tightness criteria and Jakubowski’s version of the Skorokhod theorem on non-metric spaces along with the standard \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath}...

Many low temperature disordered systems are expected to exhibit Poisson–Dirichlet (PD) statistics. In this paper, we focus on the case when the underlying disorder is a logarithmically correlated Gaussian process \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \u...

It is well known that the Allen-Cahn equation satisfies the maximum bound principle and the energy dissipation law. Such two properties are important in the study of the stability of the solution to the Allen-Cahn equation, and whether they could be inherited at the discrete level is a significant issue in numerical simulations. In this paper, we c...

In this paper, we study an optimal control problem for a viscous Cahn--Hilliard system with zero Neumann boundary conditions in which a hyperbolic relaxation term involving the second time derivative of the chemical potential has been added to the first equation of the system. For the initial-boundary value problem of this system, results concernin...

It has recently been argued that for near-extremal black holes, the entropy and the energy above extremality respectively receive a log T l o g T and a T T -linear correction, where T T is the temperature. We show that both these features can be derived in a “low but not too low” temperature regime, by assuming the existence of exponentially many l...

In their famous 1974 paper introducing the local lemma, Erd\H{o}s and Lov\'asz posed a question-later referred by Erd\H{o}s as one of his three favorite open problems: What is the minimum number of edges in an $r$-uniform, intersecting hypergraph with cover number $r$? This question was solved up to a constant factor in Kahn's remarkable 1994 paper...

We prove some closed formulas for the logarithmic Chern character of a locally free sheaf. The argument used is representation-theoretic and we connect these formulas with the actions of some Casimir elements of $\mathfrak{sl}_r$. As an application, we give a recipe to construct slope polystable modular bundles on hyper-K\"ahler manifolds from old...

This study reveals the role of the digital economy as a driving force for knowledge creation, dissemination, and application, particularly in promoting balanced economic development between regions. Based on China’s inter-provincial panel data from 2012 to 2020, the Dagum Gini coefficient, average logarithmic dispersion, and Theil index were used t...

In this paper, we introduce a family of $\mathcal{O}_{\alpha}$-transformation based on kernels fusion of the fractional Fourier transform (abbreviated as FRFT) with angle $\alpha \notin \pi \mathbb{Z}$. We point out this is a valid integral transform via establishing its basic operational properties. Besides, we survey various mathematical aspects...

In this paper, we present a rigorous derivation of the mean-field limit for a moderately interacting particle system in Rd(d≥2). For stochastic initial data, we demonstrate that the solution to the interacting particle model, with an appropriately applied cut-off, converges in probabilistic sense to the solution of the characteristics of the regula...

This paper deals with determination of the entropy of quasicrystalline phases of Al-Cu-Co and Al-Ni-Co alloys by the information-and-statistical method at the temperature of 300 K. Scanned digital images of quasicrystals were processed with the use of this method. Statistical data of the multicomponent structure were divided into separate component...

A major goal of stochastic thermodynamics is to estimate the inevitable dissipation that accompanies particular observable phenomena in an otherwise not fully accessible system. Quantitative results are often formulated as lower bounds on the total entropy production, which capture the part of the total dissipation that can be determined based on t...

Applying the least action principle to the motion of an ideal gas, we find Bernoulli's equation where the local velocity is expressed as the gradient of a velocity potential, while the internal energy depends on the interaction among the particles of the gas. Then, assuming that the internal energy is proportional non-locally to the logarithm of th...

We propose a sparse deep ReLU network (SDRN) estimator of the regression function obtained from regularized empirical risk minimization with a Lipschitz loss function. Our framework can be applied to a variety of regression and classification problems. We establish novel nonasymptotic excess risk bounds for our SDRN estimator when the regression fu...

In this paper, a stochastic HIV/AIDS model with a bilinear incidence rate is established by perturbing the incidence coefficient. Solving this model is crucial for quantitatively studying HIV/AIDS transmission. However, owing to the complexity and nonlinearity of the random terms, an analytical solution is unattainable, making it necessary to find...

This work is concerned with a nonlinear viscoelastic wave equation with logarithmic nonlinearity. By supposing the nonlinear time-varying delay acting on the boundary feedback coupling by the acoustic and fractional boundary conditions. Firstly, we prove the exponential growth of solutions with negative initial-energy under suitable hypotheses and,...

Eppstein and Frishberg recently proved that the mixing time for the simple random walk on the 1-skeleton of the associahedron is \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{do...

This paper focuses on a class of fourth-order parabolic systems involving logarithmic and Rellich nonlinearities arising from modeling epitaxial thin film growth: u t + ∆ 2 u = |v| p |u| p−2 u ln |uv| − µ u |x| 4 , v t + ∆ 2 v = |u| p |v| p−2 v ln |uv| − γ v |x| 4. By using some new techniques to deal with the Rellich nonlinearities µ u |x| 4 and γ...

This study analyzes the effect of multipole values (\( \ell\)) on the distribution of gravitational or electromagnetic fields in black holes, using the Regge-Wheeler potential approach. Various masses (5, 10, 20, 50) and varying \( \ell\) values are analyzed to explore the impact of multipole on space-time geometry. The results show that increasing...

We extend the framework of augmented distribution testing (Aliakbarpour, Indyk, Rubinfeld, and Silwal, NeurIPS 2024) to the differentially private setting. This captures scenarios where a data analyst must perform hypothesis testing tasks on sensitive data, but is able to leverage prior knowledge (public, but possibly erroneous or untrusted) about...

We use the Kac-Rice formula and results from random matrix theory to obtain the average number of critical points of a family of high-dimensional empirical loss functions, where the data are correlated $d$-dimensional Gaussian vectors, whose number has a fixed ratio with their dimension. The correlations are introduced to model the existence of str...

Many-body entanglement unveils additional aspects of quantum matter and offers insights into strongly correlated physics. While ground-state entanglement has received much attention in the past decade, the study of mixed-state quantum entanglement using negativity in interacting fermionic systems remains largely unexplored. We demonstrate that the...

We consider a class of nonlocal Cahn–Hilliard equations in a bounded domain Ω⊂Rd (d∈{2,3}), subject to a nonlocal kinetic rate dependent dynamic boundary condition. This diffuse interface model describes phase separation processes with possible long-range interactions both within the bulk material and on its boundary. The kinetic rate 1/L, with L∈[...

We consider evolution of observables which depend on a small but fixed value of longitudinal momentum fraction x , to high rapidity, such that η > ln 1 / x . We show that this evolution is not given by the Jalilian-Marian–Iancu–McLerran–Weigert–Leonidov–Kovner (JIMWLK) (or Balitsky-Kovchegov) equation. We derive the evolution Hamiltonian— H CSS − J...

We present a supervised dimensionality reduction technique called Convex Linear Discriminant Analysis (ConvexLDA). The proposed model optimizes a multi-objective cost function by balancing two complementary terms. The first term pulls the samples of a class towards its centroid by minimizing a sample's distance from its class-centroid in low dimens...

We introduce the {\em certification} of solutions to graph problems when access to the input is restricted. This topic has received a lot of attention in the distributed computing setting, and we introduce it here in the context of \emph{streaming} algorithms, where the input is too large to be stored in memory. Given a graph property $\mbox{P}$, a...

We present a quantum algorithm to compute the logarithm of the determinant of the fermion matrix, assuming access to a classical lattice gauge field configuration. The algorithm uses the quantum eigenvalue transform, and quantum mean estimation, giving a query complexity that scales like O ( V log ( V ) ) in the matrix dimension V . Published by t...

Focusing on supercooled phase transitions in models with classical scale symmetry, we formulate a state-of-the art framework for computing the bubble-nucleation rate, accounting for the presence of various energy scales. In particular, we examine the limitations of derivative expansions in constructing a thermal effective field theory for bubble nu...

The purpose of this second part of the series is to show a technical result on Chow groups of toric varieties. This is a crucial ingredient for the first part.

Understanding universal aspects of many-body systems is one of the central themes in modern physics. Recently, the stabilizer R\'{e}nyi entropy (SRE) has emerged as a computationally tractable measure of nonstabilizerness, a crucial resource for fault-tolerant universal quantum computation. While numerical results suggested that the SRE in critical...

Background/Objectives To analyze outcomes in recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (re-RRD) repair using pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) combined with scleral buckle (SB) at the first or second surgery. Subjects/Methods Patients with primary uncomplicated RRD at initial presentation who were operated for re-RRD between 2014 and 2018 were include...

Analytic functions in a unit polydisc with directionally bounded L-index have a number of interesting properties: a bounded distribution of values, a bounded logarithmic derivative outside some exceptional set, growth estimates, etc. The boundedness of L-index in a direction is an important property in the analytic theory of differential equations,...

We propose a systematic analysis of Alim-Yau-Zhou's double scaling limit and Couso-Santamar\'{i}a's large radius limit for the perturbative free energies in B-model topological string theory based on \'Ecalle's Resurgence Theory. Taking advantage of the known resurgent properties of the formal solutions to the Airy equation and of the stability of...

The Visceral Obesity Index (VAI) is utilized as a metric employed to assess the distribution of abdominal adipose tissue as well as the functional status of adipose tissue. Nevertheless, the interplay between VAI and persistent pain has yet to be investigated. This cross-sectional analysis investigated the relationship between VAI and persistent pa...

Magic is the resource that quantifies the amount of beyond-Clifford operations necessary for universal quantum computing. It bounds the cost of classically simulating quantum systems via stabilizer circuits central to quantum error correction and computation. In this paper, we investigate how fast generic many-body dynamics generate magic resources...

Thirty years after the fall of the inefficient communist-run economy, the agriculture of the European Union’s Eastern states is still heavily dependent on external financial aid, which is currently forming tools for supporting the development of agriculture and rural areas of the Common Agricultural Policy. This contribution aims to assess the sign...

Andersson and Chru\'sciel showed that generic asymptotically hyperboloidal initial data sets admit polyhomogeneous expansions, and that only a non-generic subclass of solutions of the conformal constraint equations is free of logarithmic singularities. The purpose of this work is twofold. First, within the evolutionary framework of the constraint e...

Let $\mathscr{H}^\infty$ be the set of all Dirichlet series $f=\sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty \frac{a_n}{n^s}$ (where $a_n\in \mathbb{C}$ for each $n$) that converge at each $s\in {\mathbb{C}}_+$, such that $\|f\|_{\infty}:=\sup_{s\in {\mathbb{C}}_+}|f(s)|<\infty$. Let $\mathscr{B}\subset \mathscr{H}^\infty$ be a Banach algebra containing the Dirichlet p...

Transmission coefficients for charged and neutral particles, without approximations for incoming and outgoing wave functions, were assessed using a quantum mechanical method based on reflection factor. Further, logarithmic derivative, using a rectangular potential in the internal region was computed. With a computer code developed by the authors, b...

Recent advances have made numeric debugging tools much faster by using double-double oracles, and numeric analysis tools much more accurate by using condition numbers. But these techniques have downsides: double-double oracles have correlated error so miss floating-point errors while condition numbers cannot cleanly handle over- and under- flow. We...

We discuss relativistic and radiative corrections to the energies of quantum cyclotron states. In particular, it is shown analytically that the leading logarithmic radiative (self-energy) correction to the bound-state energy levels of quantum cyclotron states is state-independent, and must be interpreted as a magnetic-field-dependent correction to...

A limited number of 2D and 3D materials under a constant pressure contract in volume upon heating isobarically; this anomalous phenomenon is known as the negative thermal expansion (NTE). In this paper, the NTE anomaly is observed in 1D fluids of classical particles interacting pairwisely with two competing length scales: the hard-core diameter $a$...

We study the concentration and cavitation of Riemann solutions for the isentropic relativistic Euler equations (IREE) with logarithmic gas. The Riemann solutions containing rarefaction wave and shock wave are constructed first. Then, the limiting behavior of solution is investigated, and the formation of delta shock wave and vacuum state is observe...

Within the framework of many-particle perturbation theory, we develop an analytical approach that allows us to determine the small distance behavior of Green's functions and related quantities in electronic structure theory. As a case study, we consider the one-particle Green's function up to 2nd order in the perturbation approach. We derive explic...

The free expansion of different atoms in a BEC state were analyzed and calculated by energy conservation and numerical modeling. The atoms in question are Rubidium, sodium, and lithium, because of the large literature on their scattering lengths and sizes. Quantum droplets are predicted under certain mechanical conditions, such as the interaction b...

The influence of irregular three-dimensional rough surfaces on the displacement of the logarithmic velocity profile relative to that of a smooth wall in turbulent flow, known as the roughness function, is studied using direct numerical simulations. Five different surface power spectral density (PSD) shapes were considered, and for each, several rou...

Background Estimation of the spatial resolution in real images is extremely important in several fields, including crystallography, optics, microscopy, and tomography. In human PET imaging, estimating spatial resolution typically involves the acquisition of images from a physical phantom, typically a Hoffman phantom, which poses a logistical burden...

The endeavor to align TODIM (an acronym in Portuguese of interactive and multicriteria decision making) with prospect theory has given rise to the development of several variant methods, including power TODIM, exponential TODIM, and logarithmic TODIM. However, these existing methods fail to address high-order uncertainty within generalized orthopai...

The development of critical levels for sap nitrate and chlorophyll meter reading (SPAD test) in the case of various crops is of great importance for growers in characterizing a plant’s N status. A field experiment with spring oat (Avena sativa L.) was carried out on loamy soil in Debrecen, Hungary, using a small-plot design. Ammonium nitrate was br...

We report on a study of axion string networks using fixed-grid simulations of up to 16384 points per side. The length of string can be characterized in terms of standard dimensionless parameters ζ w and ζ r , the length density measured in the cosmic rest frame and the string rest frame, scaled with the cosmic time t . The motion of the string can...

Accurate characterization of soil dynamic response is paramount for geotechnical and protective engineering. However, the impact properties of unsaturated cohesive soil have not been well characterized due to lack of sufficient research. For this purpose, impact tests using the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) were elaborately designed to invest...

The mechanisms underlying chemifriction (the contribution of interfacial bonding to friction) in defected twisted graphene interfaces are revealed using fully atomistic molecular dynamics simulations based on machine-learning potentials. This involves stochastic events of consecutive bond formation and rupture between single vacancy defects that ma...

Introduction This investigation determined if an acute bout of low-load knee extension (KE) with intermittent blood flow restriction (BFR) influenced autonomic modulation and skeletal muscle oxygenation (SmO 2 %). Methods Fourteen physically active males completed three different sessions: one-repetition maximum (1RM), KE with BFR (BFR-KE) at 20%...

In this article, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of the solution for a multi-component Novikov equation in weighted Sobolev spaces. We introduce a set of weighted functions, and prove that the strong solution will retain the corresponding decay properties when the initial data \(U_0(x)\) and its derivative \(U_{0,x}(x)\) decay logarithmicall...

Objective This study aimed to explore the association between pan-immune-inflammation value and heart failure outcomes using data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. Methods We conduct a cross-sectional cohort analysis using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, including p...

Background The Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP) has been reported as a strong predictor of all-cause mortality in the overall population. However, the lipid profile changes in individuals with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) may affect the prognostic utility of AIP for all-cause mortality. The connection between...

We prove that for \(1\le k<d\), if \(E\) is a Borel subset of \(\mathbb{R}^d\) of Hausdorff dimension strictly larger than \(k\), the set of \((k+1)\)-volumes determined by \(k+2\) points in \(E\) has positive one-dimensional Lebesgue measure. In the case \(k=d-1\), we obtain an essentially sharp lower bound on the dimension of the set of tuples in...

The precise determination of radioactive half-life is essential for nuclear physics, radiation safety, and medical applications. This study focuses on measuring the half-life of Barium-137m (Ba-137m) using a Geiger-Müller counter and employing logarithmic decay analysis to enhance accuracy. A systematic approach was applied to correct for equilibri...

In various application areas, data is frequently collected and analyzed using basic statistical distributions such as exponential, Poisson, and gamma distributions. However, these traditional distributions often fail to adequately capture the inherent heterogeneity present in real-world data. This limitation highlights the need for more flexible di...

Perturbative calculations for processes involving heavy flavours can be carried out using two approaches: the massive and the massless schemes. These schemes can also be combined to leverage their respective strengths. Additionally, both massive and massless frameworks can be supplemented by soft-gluon resummation. However, matching resummed calcul...

The transverse charge density of the pion is extracted from a dispersive analysis of the $e^+e^- \rightarrow \pi^+\pi^-$ exclusive annihilation data. A logarithmic dispersion relation is used to compute the unknown phase of the timelike pion form factor from the modulus obtained from the annihilation cross section. The method is model-independent a...

Scholars from several disciplines have recently expressed interest in the field of fractional q-calculus based on fractional integrals and derivative operators. This article mathematically applies the fractional q-differential and q-integral operators in geometric function theory. The linear q-derivative operator Sμ,δ,qn,m and subordination are use...

We analyze the gravitational form factors and mechanical properties of the nucleon, focusing on both some general issues as well as on modeling with meson dominance. We show that the lattice QCD results for the nucleon gravitational form factors at $m_\pi=170$~MeV, available for space-like momentum transfer squared up to 2GeV, are explained in a na...

The usual approach to tropical geometry is via degeneration of amoebas of algebraic subvarieties of an algebraic torus $(\mathbb{C}^*)^n$. An amoeba is logarithmic projection of the variety forgetting the angular part of coordinates, called the phase. Similar degeneration can be performed without ignoring the phase. The limit then is called phase t...

Background Assuming a linear relationship between continuous predictors and outcomes in clinical prediction models is often inappropriate, as true linear relationships are rare, potentially resulting in biased estimates and inaccurate conclusions. Our research group addressed a single U-shaped independent variable before. Multiple U-shaped predicto...

Currently, third-party logistics has emerged as the predominant form of logistics, characterized by contractual relationships with customers, personalized services, specialized functions, and information networking. However, Chinese third-party logistics enterprises (TPLEs) still face several challenges, including weak brand awareness, limited onli...

The variation mechanism of the blazar is still an open question. In this study, we collect the long-term multi-wavelength data of 3C 454.3 to conduct a comprehensive study. The local cross-correlation functions were computed between the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb...

Accommodation selection is one of the most complex decisions that a tourist faces when planning a vacation. The diversity of hotels and tourist preferences make choosing an accommodation even more complex. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the selection of an accommodation in the city of Tirana as a fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making proble...

Score-based diffusion models have become a foundational paradigm for modern generative modeling, demonstrating exceptional capability in generating samples from complex high-dimensional distributions. Despite the dominant adoption of probability flow ODE-based samplers in practice due to their superior sampling efficiency and precision, rigorous st...

In this paper, we propose new linearly convergent second-order methods for minimizing convex quartic polynomials. This framework is applied for designing optimization schemes, which can solve general convex problems satisfying a new condition of quartic regularity. It assumes positive definiteness and boundedness of the fourth derivative of the obj...

We investigate the formation of primordial black hole (PBH) based on numerical relativity simulations and peak theory as well as the corresponding scalar induced gravitational wave (SIGW) signals in the presence of logarithmic non-Gaussianities which has recently been confirmed in a wide class of inflation models. Through numerical calculations, we...

This paper explores the effect of strong-to-weak fragmentation transition, namely freezing transition, and its rich characteristics in a family of one-dimensional spinless fermionic models involving short-to-long-range facilitated hoppings with an East constraint. Focusing on this family of models with range-$q$ terms, our investigation furnishes a...

We explore the universal properties of mixed quantum matter obtained from "single-shot" adaptive evolution, in which a quantum-critical ground-state is manipulated through a single round of local measurements and local unitary operations conditioned on spatially-distant measurement outcomes. The resulting mixed quantum states are characterized by a...

In this work we investigate several phenomenological and technical aspects related to electroweak (EW) corrections at a high-energy muon collider, focusing on direct production processes (no vector-boson-fusion configurations). We study in detail the accuracy of the Sudakov approximation, in particular the Denner-Pozzorini algorithm, comparing it w...

To overcome the consequences of arsenic contaminations, several methods are being proposed. However, practical implementation of those studied methods is rare, mainly due to uncertainties in perception regarding the treatment efficiency of a particular method under different operating conditions. A parametric mathematical model is proposed for the...

We construct a model for the (non-unital) S^1-framed little 2d-dimensional disks operad for any positive integer d using logarithmic geometry. We also show that the unframed little 2d-dimensional disks operad has a model which can be constructed using log schemes with virtual morphisms.

We present the first joint analysis of the power spectrum and bispectrum using the Data Release 1 (DR1) of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), focusing on Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs) and quasars (QSOs) across a redshift range of $0.4\leq z\leq2.1$. By combining the two- and three-point statistics, we are able to partially break the de...

Intelligent reflecting surface, or IRS, has shown great promise for wireless networks. IRS provides flexible wireless channel control and setup by dynamically adjusting numerous devices' reflection amplitudes/phase shifts. This dramatically increases the wireless signal transmission rate and dependability. In cognitive radio networks, spectrum sens...

Correlations between dislocations in crystals reduce the elastic energy via screening of the strain by the surrounding dislocations. We study the correlations of threading dislocations in GaN epitaxial films with dislocation densities of 5x10^8 cm^-2 and 1.8x10^10 cm^-2 by X-ray diffraction (XRD) in reciprocal space and by high-resolution electron...

We propose a novel tomographic method, nonlinear Gaussian process tomography (nonlinear GPT), that uses the Laplace approximation to impose constraints on non-negative physical quantities, such as the emissivity in plasma optical diagnostics. While positive-valued posteriors have previously been introduced through sampling-based approaches in the o...

We calculate the logarithmic temperature corrections to the thermodynamic entropy of four-dimensional near-extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m de Sitter (dS) black hole by computing a one-loop contribution within the path integral framework in the near-horizon limit. Due to the presence of three horizons, the extremal limit of a charged dS black hole i...

The fast paced progress of artificial intelligence (AI) through scaling laws connecting rising computational power with improving performance has created tremendous technological breakthroughs. These breakthroughs do not translate to corresponding user satisfaction improvements, resulting in a general mismatch. This research suggests that hedonic a...

The universalizability of the metric percentage of signal recovery (PSR) derived from dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) perfusion MRI is limited by its dependency of acquisition parameters. In this technical assessment, we tested different reference tissues for PSR normalization and found the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) to have the lea...

We consider a Markov chain on invertible $n\times n$ matrices with entries in $\mathbb{Z}_2$ which moves by picking an ordered pair of distinct rows and add the first one to the other, modulo $2$. We establish a logarithmic Sobolev inequality with constant $n^2$, which yields an upper bound of $O(n^2\log n)$ on the mixing time. We also study anothe...

We consider deletion problems in graphs and supermodular functions where the goal is to reduce density. In Graph Density Deletion (GraphDD), we are given a graph $G=(V,E)$ with non-negative vertex costs and a non-negative parameter $\rho \ge 0$ and the goal is to remove a minimum cost subset $S$ of vertices such that the densest subgraph in $G-S$ h...

In this paper we propose and investigate a wide class of Mirror Descent updates (MD) and associated novel Generalized Exponentiated Gradient (GEG) algorithms by exploiting various trace-form entropies and associated deformed logarithms and their inverses - deformed (generalized) exponential functions. The proposed algorithms can be considered as ex...

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of aflibercept treatment using a treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen over up to 5 years in Japanese patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Patients and Methods This retrospective study included 126 consecutive treatment-naïve nAMD patients (126 eyes) who received at least thr...

The coherent photons induced by relativistic heavy ions are highly linearly polarized, in close analogy to the linear polarization of gluons in a large nucleus. We proposed to measure the photon polarization through azimuthal asymmetries in dilepton production in ultra-peripheral collisions. Our prediction for the asymmetries were soon confirmed by...

We consider heavy quark mass (m) effects in the energy–energy correlation function in \(e^+e^-\mapsto \textrm{hadrons}\) at high energy Q, in the back-to-back (two-jet) region. In the ultra-relativistic limit, \(Q \gg m\), the QCD Sudakov form factor S(b) in impact parameter (b-)space reads: The double-log function \(A(\alpha _S)\) describes the ef...

Everyone knows that purpose is beyond the purview of science – it’s simply too personal and intrinsically bound up in the intelligence, thoughts and cognitive processes of a conscious being! However, what if we considered a pared-down version of purpose? We will do for ‘entropic purpose’ much the same that Claude Shannon did for ‘information’, a qu...

The Active Radar Interferometer (AcRaIn) represents a novel approach in secondary radar technology, aimed at environments with high reflective clutter, such as pipes and tunnels. This study introduces a compact design minimizing peripheral components and leveraging commercial semiconductor technologies operating in the 24 GHz ISM band. A heterodyne...

We establish a relationship between the equations that constitute the so-called good-bad-ugly model, whose nonlinearities are known to mimic those present in the Einstein field equations in generalized harmonic gauge. This relationship between ugly fields and good and bad ones stems from the fact that one can write the equation for the rescaled der...