Lithium Ion Batteries - Science topic

For the sake of recycling electrolyte of a polymer Li-ion battery, the salts like LiPF6 will be recycled with CO2 supercritical extraction method.

But how can we preserve the volatile organic solvent carbonates to be used again, as these solvents start evaporating as soon as a cell is opened?

I am working on development of solid polymer electrolytes (SPE) for Li-metal batteries. I have tested four SPEs with slightly varying compositions of polymer:Li-salt:plastisizer. The charge-discharge profiles of all the cells are attached for reference. The full cell test performed on them using LiFePO4 cathodes showed varying electrochemical activity at a voltage range of 2.5 V. Two of the samples were normal (Cell 1 and Cell 3), while other two had an additional tiny plateau around 2.5 V (Cell 2 and Cell 4). The only difference between them is that the latter two have 10% excess of plasticizer (Succinonitrile). Though I have seen few articles showing similar profile, there was no explanation given. It will be really helpful if anyone can help me understand the anomaly

In the context of Lithium-Ion battery, the words mass trasfer/transport and charge transfer are often used. Could anyone explain these two concept?

Hi, I'm trying on adsorbing molecules (which are used as organic electrolytes for Li-ion batteries) onto the Cu(111) surface. I want to visualize the charge distribution between the molecule and the surface, so I'm calculating the charge density difference using VASPkit.

However, even though only the adsorbate was changed, the minimum and maximum values of the isosurface F varied. This makes it difficult to compare the structures in VESTA using the same isosurface settings.

So, my question is ..

1) How can I adjust the isosurface range manually?

2) Which tags in INCAR should be adjusted?

Here's my INCAR tag. for all system I used this INCAR tag. (For single point calculations)

LCHARG = .TRUE.

LREAL = AUTO

NELM = 120

ENCUT = 520

ALGO = Normal

EDIFF = 1E-05

#EDIFFG = -0.02

ISPIN = 2

IBRION = 2

NSW = 0

ISIF = 2

ISMEAR = 0

SIGMA = 0.02

ISYM = 0

Thanks.

Hello,

I have recently conducted Raman Spectroscopy on a number of graphite samples synthesized in the research lab I work in. Now that we're starting to characterize our graphite, we would like to know the typical D/G ratio of graphite that is used within Lithium-Ion batteries. All of the papers I've read so far have conflicting answers.

Are there any papers that go over this topic more explicitly rather than being a singular paragraph on a larger study?

Thanks!

Lithium ions are positive ions which always attract the negative opinions.

I suppose there have been questions of this kind, but I do not know how to find them. (Maybe somebody can tell me.)

A task: to transport one ton (1000 kg), at the distance of 100 km, by sped of 100 km/h.

How much pollution is produced, and how much energy is spent to perform this (or similar) task by: (1) steam locomotive, (2) electrical car?

In case (2), the pollution must include the production and decommissioning of batteries, as well as the fact that most electricity is produced by fossil fuels (such as coal). The consumption must include all the losses of energy in transformations, from the power plant to batteries, and from the batteries to electrical engines in the car.

Clean vehicles are surely good for cities, but I do not know how good they are for the planet.

I want to evaluate the cathode's capacity as soon as possible. In the beginning, can I test the half-cell using a 1C rate?

Then, If the capacity is acceptable, I use the standard charge-discharge protocol.

Hello, Everyone!

I need a Python or Matlab code that calculates the cyclic and calendric aging of LFP batteries. There are numerous semi-empirical aging models for lithium-ion batteries, but I need a code that works properly for LFP batteries, for instance, Sony Murata US26650FTC1A. I used the "Blast" model, but it doesn't give sensible results for low temperatures. This model should work well for temperatures in the range of -35 to 35 degrees centigrade. It would be great if anyone could help me in this matter.

Dear Colleagues!

While conducting home experiments on the electrolytic deposition of copper in a micro-gap (2-3 mm), under a microscope (x40) I observed interesting effects of short-circuiting by metal dendrites of the anode and cathode - similarly, which leads to fires in lithium-ion batteries where Li dendrites deposited.

Electrolyte: CH3COOH (9%), can be with CuSO4 (~0.1M) or without copper salt. If a copper anode is used, copper dendrites will grow due to copper dissolution at the anode and reduction at the cathode.

(You can see video of quiet copper dendrites growth from this link:

)

1. At low current (1-10 mA) - after the formation of a short circuit, a strong uniform noise is observed in the loudspeaker of an audio amplifier connected in parallel to the electrochemical cell. In the visual absence of any processes, even the release of gases microbubbles. Could quantum effects be involved if electrodeposition results to a nanometer-sized gaps?

It is interesting that a ohmmeter does not show a decrease in resistance to zero; it is 100-200 Ohms and also fluctuates continuously. The contact is unstable, and perhaps something interesting is happening also inside the dendrites along the boundaries of the crystals?

2. With a strong current, for example, when short-circuited cell connected to a DC voltage source of 200 Volts capable of delivering tens of watts, very nice electric arcs appear that quickly run along the surface of the dendritic/electrodeposited metal under water. It seems that there is a competition between the destruction of dendrites by the arc discharge (in this case, the appearance of a red-yellow or black powder, i.e. Cu2O/CuOH/CuO or may be even copper nanoparticles) is observed - and dendrities immediate formation again by fast electrolysis under this voltage.

You can see nice electric arcs video here:

a) https://disk.yandex.ru/i/iDztUygr18uNlQ

and more brutal arc discharges video in more dense electrodeposited copper mass (dendrities was tightly compressed during the formation, using a high concentration of CuSO4 instead of simple electromigration from Cu anode):

b) https://disk.yandex.ru/i/QMWkTnYzbnsFvQ

(since 35 sec of video)

c) And yet very nice "electrodeposited copper electric arcs":

All were recorded under microscope :)

Are there any patterns that govern electric arcs in a mass of dendritic or spongy metal, or is this a purely random process?

What should be the starting point for computer simulation of such processes?

What practical application could there be, for example, to the topic of short circuits in lithium-ion batteries by similar dendrites?

I am interested in modelling the voltage performance and thermal dynamics for large-format lithium-ion batteries (mainly referring to residential-scale battery systems, for example, Tesla Powerwall or BYD battery box). Does anyone know if is there any published or open-source data sources for these types of battery systems?

Internal temperature sensing towards advanced thermal management for lithium-ion batteries.

when performing EIS for lithium ion batteries (whether it's LCO/LFP/NMC), you're going to get semi-circles followed by a straight line in low frequency regions.

there could be 2-3 semi-circles. particularly, how do you know which semi-circle is the SEI and which corresponds to the CEI?

additionally, i wanted to know how at the start of a scan during high frequencies before the line crosses the x-axis, sometimes it's loopy, what does that mean or how could that be interpreted? what if it's perfectly straight and THEN forms the semi circles?

just trying to learn the thought process you folks might have, thank you.

Dear all,

I performed an EIS analysis on the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4/Li half-cell at 50% SOC (figure attached). Generally, most literature reports two semi-circles corresponding to two relaxation processes (R_SEI and R_CT). In my case, I can see three semi-circles, which is not surprising considering the 2-electrode setup. However, I am having problems evaluating the data.

From my understanding, there can be two scenarios,

Scenario 1 (1):

R2= Contact resistance.

R3= Charge transfer at LNMO cathode.

R4 =Charge transfer at Li anode.

Scenario 2 (2):

R2= Charge transfer at Li anode.

R3= Charge transfer at LNMO cathode

R4 =Originiate from some other process, however not sure.

Based on the EIS spectra and data shared, I would be happy to hear the point of view of experienced researchers.

Cathode/WE: LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4

Anode/CE/RE: Li-metal

Cell setup: Coin-cell (2032)

SOC at EIS: 50%

Frequency range: 500 kHz–5 mHz

(1) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aenm.202003400

(2)

I mixture carbon with silicon , then coat ( thin layer as a film) it onto copper with it to make anode for lithium ion battery

Hi everyone,

I am trying to study Li adsorption on graphene and Electronic properties (PDOS and band structure) using Quantum Espresso. Anyone can help me how to do it? Starting from how to build the files and the steps, if there is any information, sources website can help me please let me know.

I will really appreciate it.

While reading the literature regarding the transference number calculation, we need to consider interfacial resistance at initial and steady state. How to find those values? Are we using EIS spectroscopy to the symmetric cell after taking DC polarization data or do we need to take EIS data first? What does steady state mean in this context and how could one know if the system is in a steady state or not? Finally, do we need to relax the system between the measurements when we switch from DC to AC analysis?

Ref:

While reading the literature I came across a statement that we need to relax the system before taking Impedance measurement. What does it mean?, How to make the system in relaxed state and how to check if the system is relaxed or not? Thank you.

Hello Everyone,

I am obtaining the EIS from the DFN model and the EIS profile is shifting to the right side when we increase the charge C rate from 0.3 to 1C or 3C (refer to the figure below).

How can we explain this behavior in the DFN model? Please feel free to comment on it.

Thank you in advance.

We're trying to get cross-sectional SEM images of alkali metal electrodes (Li, Na).

we cut by our lab-knife or lab-scissor as neatly as possible, but results were unsatisfied.

Is there any method / or tools to cut metal electrodes clearly???

Thank you for your answering :)

I read in article the following sentence " ct is the maximum concentration of lithium in the solid, determined by the theoretical capacity "

Is there any direct relationship between ct and the theoretical capacity? and what are the parameters should I have to calculate the maximum concentration of lithium in whatever electrode for Li-ion cells If we consider that we know the value of his theoretical capacity ?

Dear Researchers,

Despite careful data collection and analysis, the plot appears to be broken at several points (image attached). These breaks seem to deviate from the expected pattern, and I'm struggling to pinpoint the exact cause.

I've performed necessary pre-processing steps, and followed standard procedures for Nyquist plot construction, however, these unexpected breaks persist.

Could anyone provide insights into potential factors that might lead to such breaks in a Nyquist plot? Are there specific pitfalls or common mistakes that could cause these deviations from the anticipated plot pattern?

I'd greatly appreciate any guidance, suggestions, or experiences that could shed light on identifying and rectifying these issues in the Nyquist plot. Additionally, if any relevant literature, methodologies, or alternative approaches might address this problem, I'm eager to explore those avenues.

Thanks in advance!

Harsha

Different lithium ion batteries have varies T1 temperature in the ARC test. It is widely accepted that the T1 temperature is related to the SEI decomposition. But which component in the SEI of lithium ion battery determine the T1 temperature? How can we adjust the electrolyte compositions to achieve a higher T1 temperature?

I want to measure ionic conductivity of my oxide solid-electrolyte so I assembled a half-cell with gold blocking electrodes in Swagelok cell. You can see the EIS result attached. I am confused which part of the semicircle should I take into consideration. Left part or right part? I was taking the intersection point of the semi-circle with the Warburg line on the X axis but in some papers I see people are doing different stuff with fitting etc. Also, what would be the best equivalent circuit to fit this system?

I am trying to calculate the heat generation (during charging) from a li-ion battery and I used Bernardi equation for that. Since dU/dT will be low, I calculated the heat flux as follows;

q = [1/A] * [ I^2 * R] (W/m^2)

Battery pack configuration: 3P30S

Cell capacity [Ah]: 100

Cell voltage [V] : 3.2

Cell’s bottom area [m^2]: 0.00405

Battery’s bottom area [m^2]: 0.3645

Internal resistance (at 25degC / 0% SOC): 0.001546 [ohm]

Since the C-rate is 2, I calculated the cell current as 200 [A].

When the values are put in place, the heat flux is 15.270 (kW/m^2) for a single cell. I couldn't understand where and how I made a mistake. Could you give me your opinions about it?

Numerous articles mention the combination of metal oxide, carbon black, and PTFE as a binder, followed by pressing onto an Al mesh. Yet, I encounter difficulties in achieving uniform pellets using this approach. What type of press is typically employed in such methods? Is the process as straightforward as mixing the three powders in a mortar and pressing afterward? Additionally, what pressure levels are recommended, and is the incorporation of water or ethanol necessary? I appreciate your assistance.

The picture shows a GITT diagram of a graphite and silicon composite half cell. Why does it indicate a reversible to higher voltage in the circles shown? Is it due of the electrode's high resistivity, or is there another reason?

Hello, I am a master's student studying about cathode of lithium ion battery made by dry process. I was reading a paper and had a question.

The title of the paper is "Stable Cycling with Intimate Contacts Enabled by Crystallinity-Controlled PTFE-Based Solvent-Free Cathodes in All-Solid-State Batteries, (Small Methods2023,7, 2201680)".

This paper used PTFE as a binder to make dry electrodes and controlled the crystallinity of the electrodes containing the binder by varying the cooling rate to make them amorphous, semi-crystalline, and crystalline. The conclusion was that electrodes made with crystalline PTFE performed best.

My question is, "Why is there a difference in electronic conductivity between amorphous, semi-crystalline, and crystalline PTFE?". The paper explains that the electrodes made of amorphous PTFE have the best electrical conductivity in the order of amorphous>semi-crystalline>crystalline, and that there is no difference in ionic conductivity.

(Citing the paper, 3 of 7, Furthermore, the electronic conductivity of NMC cathodes mea-sured by DC polarization was lowered in the order of AP-NMC>SCP-NMC>CP-NMC, with the corresponding values of, respec-tively, 6.7, 3.7, and 2.3 mS cm-1(Figure S8, Supporting Informa-tion). The electronically conductive surfaces of AP-NMC would accelerate the decomposition of LPSCl, resulting in poor CE. Onthe other hand, Li+conductivities of the cathodes showed no significant difference, showing 1.9, 2.0, and 2.1×10-4Scm-1for,respectively, AP-NMC, SCP-NMC, and CP-NMC (Figure S9, Supporting Information).

It has been suggested that the higher electronic conductivity of the amorphous material accelerated the decomposition of LPSCl. I do not know why there is a difference in electronic conductivity with this crystallinity, and I also do not know why there is no difference in ionic conductivity.

(I thought there should be a difference in both properties, or at least no difference in both properties).

If anyone knows the answer to these questions, I would really appreciate it if you could post a response.

Thank you.

While working on the modeling of Internal Short Circuits (ISC) in batteries, I have encountered some challenges.

I am researching layered oxide anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.

In the last experiment, I manufactured a coin cell (CR2032) using a Na(Ni1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3)O2 anode and a sodium metal cathode and conducted a charge/discharge test. At this time, the positive electrode was produced by mixing the active material, conductive material, and binder in a ratio of 8:1:1 with NMP and coating it on Al foil. The electrolyte was 1M NaPF6 in EC:PC (1:1) with 2% FEC, and the separator was a glass fiber filter. The assembled cell was kept at 25 degrees for one day. Afterward, I set the voltage range to 2.0~4.0V and started charging at 0.1C.

However, when I checked two days later, the cell did not reach 4.0V during the first charging process. When I checked the charge/discharge curve, I found that it showed a tortuous curve around 3.5~3.8V and could not go up any further. Although this problem did not appear in all cells, it occurred intermittently in subsequent experiments.

Why does this happen? Is this phenomenon related to SEI formation, electrode wettability, electrolyte composition, or Na dendrite? I would like to get advice from people with similar experiences or related experts.

Determining the lithium-ion diffusion coefficient in energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries, is a crucial parameter for understanding and optimizing their performance. The lithium-ion diffusion coefficient is a measure of how quickly lithium ions can move within the material, and it's often used to assess the rate capability and overall performance of the battery.

Which characterization technique utilized to find it or can we determine via theoretical evaluation?

I have prepared a cathode electrode for a lithium-ion battery in the lab. How can I check its conductivity/resistivity to verify whether it is a cathode?

Hello,

my question(s) might be quite simple but I'm new to the topic so :

1.:

I am in the process of learning about the mass-loading/capacity balancing of lithium-ion battery electrodes.

So if I coat an anode with a certain mass of active material and want my cathode to have the same capacity, how would the process be?

Coating the anode ->

measuring its real capacity (which should be less than the calculated theoretical capacity because of SEI formation etc.) ->

calculating the necessary mass of the cathode material to have the same (theoretical) capacity to have vague idea about the coating i have to apply ->

coating the anode ->

measuring its real capacity ->

repeat coating new cathodes till I gradually reach the desired real capacity ???

2. (this is the more important question for me!):

How (with which methods) is the real capacity measured (best) after the coating process?

Which methods lead to those discharge capacity/voltage curves?

And are those the same later used for measuring SOC etc.?

Thanks in advance!

I am trying to simulate the five physics-based equations of the P2D model of lithium-ion batteries. I am facing trouble in simulating it for the boundary conditions that change from the positive electrode to the separator and from the separator to the negative electrode. I did not find any paper solving these partial differential equations directly without simplifying them. Has anyone in this research tried simulating the original PDEs? If yes, please let me know how to proceed. I would be grateful. Thanks!

You must provide a response based on scientific evidence.

In my study, jellyroll is modelled as steel (crushable foam) which is

analogous to those used in 18,650 lithium-ion batteries.

Can someone provide me the material property of steel (crushable foam) volumetric hardening for Abaqus?

Hello

I am a student learning lithium-ion batteries

When designing a lithium-ion battery, the anode electrode is designed to be larger than the cathode electrode

I understand that this is due to the prevention of Li-plating and the advantage of electrode stacking.

Here's a question.

1. When Li-ion moves from the anode electrode to the cathode electrode, the anode electrode is larger than the cathode electrode, but why does this not occur?

2.Coin cell design, Li-metal is larger than Anode(graphite or Si... etc.), but why doesn't Li-plating happen at this time?

I want to know.

Please reply.

Lithium-ion battery are using various applications in this world but it needs to work more hours with energy like a EV car goes 500 Km per full charge but i want increase the capacity of a battery energy but how ?

Hello everyone. is it safe to use N2 ( Nitrogen gas) in glove box for making batteris such as lithium ion battery or other's cells

Ti3C2 will be used in half coin cells.

Why the "formation" process of a lithium-ion coin cell called so?

Also please recommend some good articles about formation protocoles or processes for research coin cells (full cells and half cells). I want to know which types of electrochemical test could used for the formation of freshly assemled coin cell, I mean only charge and discharge cycling used or other methodes like cyclic voltammetry could be used for formation of a cell.

Thanks in advance

When making a lithium-ion half coin cell, the first thing that is done is to measure its ocv, but it differs from one cell to another, although both are cut from the same electrode, for example, one is 1.6V and the other is 2.2V. What could be the reasons for this difference?

And does the one with higher voltage show better performance in subsequent tests such as charging and discharging and why?

Thank you in advance for your attention

I've made a lithium-ion battery using an existing li-ion prismatic cell (Samsung). I mean the electrodes (both cathode and anode) are extracted from an existing li-ion prismatic cell. Then, electrodes and separator are cut by a Disc cutter and made into a coin cell.

After assembly and sealing the coin cell, the cell doesn't have any voltage. I repeated this process several times but it didn't make any difference. Does anyone know what the problem is?

Hello all,

My question pertains to the rationale behind selecting the lower and upper voltage limits for the electrochemical window in lithium-ion batteries, regardless of the active material (e.g., NMC, LMNO, etc.). Essentially, when testing a material that is not documented in the literature, is there a protocol that should be followed to determine the correct electrochemical window? Furthermore, what is the reasoning behind it? For instance (please note that this is a hypothetical example and not an assertion), the upper limit should not exceed X volts due to potential degradation of the active material or formation of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI).

For example, why not cycle NMC at 5V upper limit ?

In our case we are using NMC with additive materials and with LIPF6 has an electrolyte.

Thanks in advance

what is the charge transfer mechanism in 100% solid lithium ion batteries?

what kind of noble gas (He, Ne, Ar) is safe to cut and open lithium ion battery in glovebox

Hi all,

In electrochemical measurements, it is intriguing to me how different voltage windows are elected for various active materials. Could someone please cite the key parameters to bear in mind in order to select the upper and the lower voltage limits in a general manner? I would appreciate it if you could share your insights on this subject.

Thanks in advance

Can I use alternative material instead of lithium chip or lithium foil as a working and reference electrode and assemble two-electrode half cells for analyzing electrochemical performance tests by not using a glove box? When ı read articles related to cell montage, generally, it is mentioned using glove boxes. Is there any alternative? while answering Could you share a reference, please?

Thank you

For the lithium-ion cells, what determines the OCV (open circuit voltage) of a fresh assembly half coin cell? how much must it be for anode type active materials and cathode type active materials?

If it depends on the amount of electrolyte we use to fill a coin cell (2032 coin cell)?

Hello all,

i am trying to model a battery using electrochemical thermal coupled model, and while defining porous electrode, they are using exchange current density values.

How to calculate the values of reference exchange current density i0ref_pos and i0ref_neg, used in COMSOL Modeling of Lithium ion battery?

I want to know the storage condition (like temperature, humidity,etc) of some materials in the field of Lithium-Ion battery.

The materials are:

1. SBR

2. CMC

3. NMP

4. PVDF

5. Electrolyte (LiPF6 salt)

6. Carbon black

And how long could they storge in those conditions?

Thanks in advance

Hi all,

I am struggling to understand if we can treat the kinetic reaction rate coefficient related to the Butler-Volmer equation (Eq. 2.23 of the attached) can be treated as a function of SOC.

If I further explain, Eq. 2.23 shows the B-V equation and, Eq. 2.25 gives the exchange current density, and Eq. 2.26 provides the reference current density. The parameter 'k' in Eq. 2.26 is the 'reference reaction rate coefficient'.

I think this reference reaction rate coefficient (k) is measured at a reference temperature (and a certain SOC?) and estimated with equivalent circuit methods. So can I treat 'k' as a function of SOC? In other words does it (k) change at different lithiation levels of the electrode or does it only depend on the health (ageing) of the electrode, so 'k' only varies with the SOH of the cell?

Many thanks in advance.

I am trying to dissolve CMC-SBR in water at 80C. First, I start with dissolving CMC in water, stirring at 80C, and after CMC is dissolved I added SBR, but SBR ends up as white gel-like structures. Didnt, dissolve even after stirring overnight at 80C. I have taken the ratio of CMC: SBR as 1:1 (wt%). To be more precise, I took 0.1g + 0.1g (CMC+ SBR) and added 10 ml water.

Edit: I have an additional 5 ml of ethanol into 10 ml solution and it converted into a uniform white solution.

Hello, I am Sanghee Nam.

In my studying, I am doing half cell test with Lithium foil as counter and reference electrode. Actually, my target electrode has anode characteristic. Here, in charge-discharge test, coulomb efficiency is over 100%, even at the 1st cycle it is 11,363 %. Then, after 2nd cycle, coulomb efficiency is getting reduced to almost 100%. Is it common? If so, can you explain why it is?

Hello, My name is Wan. My focus research area is on Battery chargers. I would like to know the part for Constant Current charging. As i have done a simple circuit for the cut-off battery charger system without constant current. As I have conducted a few testing for the current control it is not constant at all. I am going to charge a 48V 8Ah battery lithium-ion. The charging mechanism should be CC then CV during the end of the charging.

I'm using a rectifier AC-DC as input with a regulator for 56V and a voltage cut-off circuit with a current limiter. However, the current limiter is not working as i try to maintain at 3A the current drops while charging. Besides, i have tried LM338 as a current limiter also, the result is still not constant unless using led it is constant. The input voltage is 56V and the OP-AMP 741 will compare the input if the battery is fully charged at 54V so the OP-AMP will cut off. It is set up by varying the trimmer pot to 54V. My consent is for constant current at 3A, can anyone share with me how to make it constant at 3A. I am very happy if you can share with me tips or fundamentals for Constant Current Charging/battery charger.

I'm trying to simulate the electrolyte of the Li-ion cell (Ethylene Carbonate + LiPF6) but I do not know how to implement the CFF93 force field for their intratomic interactions. Please can you help me out?

As shown in this discharge voltage-capacity diagram, an irregular upward voltage reversal occurs at the beginning of the discharge process. What could be the cause, and how could it be prevented?

When I coated copper foil with anode slurry, the surface seemed uneven, and tiny grains were seen. like the following image. I can't understand why. I tried to solve this problem (for example by increasing the time of mixing), but the methods didn't work.

Thanks for any suggestion

Please how can i prepare my electrolyte with respect to the amount of solvent. For example how much solvent is required to prepare 3M of LPF6 lithium salt with EC/EMC (1:2 v/v) solvent?

As we all use Cu as current collector at anode and Al at anode why don't we use other metals such as silver , gold or platinum.

I am trying to develop a battery thermal management system (BTMS) and perform experimental tests using the battery tester device (Chroma) for charging and discharging. Since I am trying to develop a particular BTMS to place the 18650 lithium-ion batteries inside, I could not utilize the battery fixtures provided by Chroma company. Therefore, I am looking for how the batteries could be directly connected to the battery test device using the supplied cables without the fixture.

I appreciate any comments regarding the mentioned issue.

Hi everyone,

I am aiming to simulate NMC-cathode material NixCoyMnz(OH)2 precipitation with Aspen Plus using metal sulfate media as a raw material, NH4OH as a chelating agent and NaOH as a precipitator. Has anyone simulated similar production process using Aspen Plus?

Any recommended references for Lithium-ion battery models and parameter estimation methods in COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS?

I am planning to incorporate this models for the Lithium-ion battery fault diagnosis and prognosis.

Please, give me some choices.

Thank you.

Hi everyone,

I have a questions regarding to the CC-CV mode of Lithium ion batteries. Normally, from the other literatures, the formation will be carried out with 0.1C constant current (CC mode) then 0.05C in CV mode. However, if I want to change the formation current to 0.05C in CC mode, how should I change the value of CV mode according to the change in CC mode? In the other words, is there any correlation between the value of CC and CV mode (for example, increasing CC value, then we need to increase the CV value and in contrast).

Thanks in advanced.

What does it mean if the OCV of a lithium-ion half-cell decreases after assembly in the glove box? Because usually it should be close to 3V, but when we tested our cell, their OCV was around 2.3V and it got less over time! (This is a type of coin cell with metal oxide as the positive electrode and lithium foil as the negative electrode).

Hi all,

I have question regarding charging and discharging lihium coin cell (CR2032).

My coin cell used LCO/Li as the electrodes, ionic liquid in polymer as the electrolyte.

After assembly in glove box, I let the coin cell rest (OCV) for 24 hours and charge the cell to 4.4 V and discharge the cell to 2.7 V with constant current of 0.01 mA. However, after 3 cycles, my cell has only 0.14-0.17 mAh of discharge capacity. I have problem using higher current, as when higher current (0.1 mA or more) is used, the voltage will instantly spike above 5V and prompt safety alert. I have no idea which part of my procedure went wrong. Hopefully anyone with experience can share their thoughts and views.